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  • How to unit test this simple ASP.NET MVC controller

    - by Frank Schwieterman
    Lets say I have a simple controller for ASP.NET MVC I want to test. I want to test that a controller action (Foo, in this case) simply returns a link to another action (Bar, in this case). How would you test this? (either the first or second link) My implementation has the same link twice. One passes the url throw ViewData[]. This seems more testable to me, as I can check the ViewData collection returned from Foo(). Even this way though, I don't know how to validate the url itself without making dependencies on routing. The controller: public class TestController : Controller { public ActionResult Foo() { ViewData["Link2"] = Url.Action("Bar"); return View("Foo"); } public ActionResult Bar() { return View("Bar"); } } the "Foo" view: <%@ Page Title="" Language="C#" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Site.Master"%> <asp:Content ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent" runat="server"> <%= Html.ActionLink("link 1", "Bar") %> <a href="<%= ViewData["Link2"]%>">link 2</a> </asp:Content>

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  • Windows Azure ASP.NET MVC Role behaves strangely when redirecting from HTTP to HTTPS

    - by Rinat Abdullin
    Subj. I've got an ASP.NET 2 MVC Worker Role Application, that does not differ much from the default template. When attempting redirect from HTTP to HTTPS (this happens when we access constroller secured by the usual RequireSSL attribute implementation) we get blank page with "Bad Request" message. IntelliTrace shows this: Thrown: "The file '/Views/Home/LogOnUserControl.aspx' does not exist." (System.Web.HttpException) Call stack is really short: [External Code] App_Web_vfahw7gz.dll!ASP.views_shared_site_master.__Render__control1(System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter __w = {unknown}, System.Web.UI.Control parameterContainer = {unknown}) [External Code] App_Web_bsbqxr44.dll!ASP.views_home_index_aspx.ProcessRequest(System.Web.HttpContext context = {unknown}) [External Code] User control reference is the usual one in /Views/Shared/Site.Master: <div id="logindisplay"> <% Html.RenderPartial("LogOnUserControl"); %> </div> And partial view LogOnUserControl.ashx is located in Views/Shared (and it is ASHX, not ASPX). Problem shows up, when we try to access site pages, that require auth and redirect. These pages are secured by RequireSSL attribute (Redirect == true): [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method | AttributeTargets.Class, Inherited = true, AllowMultiple = false)] public sealed class RequireSslAttribute : FilterAttribute, IAuthorizationFilter { public bool Redirect { get; set; } // Methods public void OnAuthorization(AuthorizationContext filterContext) { // this get's messy, when we are running custom ports // within the local dev fabric. // hence we disable code in the debug #if !DEBUG if (filterContext == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("filterContext"); } if (filterContext.HttpContext.Request.IsSecureConnection) return; var canRedirect = string.Equals(filterContext.HttpContext.Request.HttpMethod, "GET", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase); if (canRedirect && Redirect) { var builder = new UriBuilder { Scheme = "https", Host = filterContext.HttpContext.Request.Url.Host, Path = filterContext.HttpContext.Request.RawUrl }; filterContext.Result = new RedirectResult(builder.ToString()); } else { throw new HttpException(0x193, "Access forbidden. The requested resource requires an SSL connection."); } #endif } } Obviously we compile in RELEASE for this case. Does anybody have any idea, what could cause this strange exception and how to get rid of it?

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  • NSMutableURLRequest wont turn on 3G

    - by Kyle
    I won't bother posting any code because my code works fine when I launch Safari or something that turns on the 3G connection first. When I put it Airport mode, then put back OFF, I will get the behavior of a connection error saying No internet connection with NSMutableURLRequest. I've personally mailed apple about how the Ant gets turned on and off, and they said anything that uses their base CFSocketStream object will turn on the Ant, and I quote: "such as NSURLRequest".. BSD Sockets do not, just so everyone knows.. However, I assumed NSMutableURLRequest would fall into the category of 'Does', but it seems like it doesnt. It never succeeds for me when I cycle Airport or have the phone idle for a long time. It will ALWAYS succeed when I open any other network app first to turn the Ant on. Shall I be forced to do a dummy NSURLRequest call to turn this on; or has anyone been able to get this class working just fine? Remember this is just an implementation of NSMutableURLRequest to upload a file Async, and no other Network operations are performed anywhere; no ads, no version checks, no nothing.

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  • using EventToCommand & PassEventArgsToCommand :: how to get sender, or better metaphor?

    - by JoeBrockhaus
    The point of what I'm doing is that there are a lot of things that need to happen in the viewmodel, but when the view has been loaded, not on constructor. I could wire up event handlers and send messages, but that just seems kinda sloppy to me. I'm implementing a base view and base viewmodel where this logic is contained so all my views get it by default, hopefully. Perhaps I can't even get what I'm wanting: the sender. I just figured this is what RoutedEventArgs.OriginalSource was supposed to be? [Edit] In the meantime, I've hooked up an EventHandler in the xaml.cs, and sure enough, OriginalSource is null there as well. So I guess really I need to know if it's possible to get a reference to the view/sender in the Command as well? [/Edit] My implementation requires that a helper class to my viewmodels which is responsible for creating 'windows' knows of the 'host' control that all the windows get added to. i'm open to suggestions for accomplishing this outside the scope of using eventtocommand. :) (the code for Unloaded is the same) #region ViewLoadedCommand private RelayCommand<RoutedEventArgs> _viewLoadedCommand = null; /// <summary> /// Command to handle the control's Loaded event. /// </summary> public RelayCommand<RoutedEventArgs> ViewLoadedCommand { get { // lazy-instantiate the RelayCommand on first usage if (_viewLoadedCommand == null) { _viewLoadedCommand = new RelayCommand<RoutedEventArgs>( e => this.OnViewLoadedCommand(e)); } return _viewLoadedCommand; } } #endregion ViewLoadedCommand #region View EventHandlers protected virtual void OnViewLoadedCommand(RoutedEventArgs e) { EventHandler handler = ViewLoaded; if (handler != null) { handler(this, e); } } #endregion

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  • Basic Subversion questions

    - by Epitaph
    I've just started using subversion, and have read the official documentation (svn book), cheat sheet and a couple of guides. I know how to install subversion (in linux), create a repository (svnadmin create), and import my Eclipse project into the repository (SVN import), view the repository files (using svn list). But I am unable to understand some of the other terminologies. For example, after importing my Eclipse project into the newly created repository I have made changes to my Eclipse project (more than 1 file). Now, how should I update the repository with this added files/changes made to my Eclipse project? The svn update command brings the changes from the repository into your working copy - which is the opposite of what I want i.e. bring the changes I made in my Eclipse project into the previously imported project in repository. If I am correct, you update the repository more often (as you keep extending your project implementation) than your current project (with update). Also, I do not understand when would you use svn merge. The svn book states it applies the differences between 2 sources to a working copy. Is there a scenario which would explain this? Finally, can I have more than 1 project checked into the repository? Or is it better to create a new repository for each project?

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  • Design pattern to use instead of multiple inheritance

    - by mizipzor
    Coming from a C++ background, Im used to multiple inheritance. I like the feeling of a shotgun squarely aimed at my foot. Nowadays, I work more in C# and Java, where you can only inherit one baseclass but implement any number of interfaces (did I get the terminology right?). For example, lets consider two classes that implement a common interface but different (yet required) baseclasses: public class TypeA : CustomButtonUserControl, IMagician { public void DoMagic() { // ... } } public class TypeB : CustomTextUserControl, IMagician { public void DoMagic() { // ... } } Both classes are UserControls so I cant substitute the base class. Both needs to implement the DoMagic function. My problem now is that both implementations of the function are identical. And I hate copy-and-paste code. The (possible) solutions: I naturally want TypeA and TypeB to share a common baseclass, where I can write that identical function definition just once. However, due to having the limit of just one baseclass, I cant find a place along the hierarchy where it fits. One could also try to implement a sort of composite pattern. Putting the DoMagic function in a separate helper class, but the function here needs (and modifies) quite a lot of internal variables/fields. Sending them all as (reference) parameters would just look bad. My gut tells me that the adapter pattern could have a place here, some class to convert between the two when necessery. But it also feels hacky. I tagged this with language-agnostic since it applies to all languages that use this one-baseclass-many-interfaces approach. Also, please point out if I seem to have misunderstood any of the patterns I named. In C++ I would just make a class with the private fields, that function implementation and put it in the inheritance list. Whats the proper approach in C#/Java and the like?

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  • Unit testing with Mocks when SUT is leveraging Task Parallel Libaray

    - by StevenH
    I am trying to unit test / verify that a method is being called on a dependency, by the system under test. The depenedency is IFoo. The dependent class is IBar. IBar is implemented as Bar. Bar will call Start() on IFoo in a new (System.Threading.Tasks.)Task, when Start() is called on Bar instance. Unit Test (Moq): [Test] public void StartBar_ShouldCallStartOnAllFoo_WhenFoosExist() { //ARRANGE //Create a foo, and setup expectation var mockFoo0 = new Mock<IFoo>(); mockFoo0.Setup(foo => foo.Start()); var mockFoo1 = new Mock<IFoo>(); mockFoo1.Setup(foo => foo.Start()); //Add mockobjects to a collection var foos = new List<IFoo> { mockFoo0.Object, mockFoo1.Object }; IBar sutBar = new Bar(foos); //ACT sutBar.Start(); //Should call mockFoo.Start() //ASSERT mockFoo0.VerifyAll(); mockFoo1.VerifyAll(); } Implementation of IBar as Bar: class Bar : IBar { private IEnumerable<IFoo> Foos { get; set; } public Bar(IEnumerable<IFoo> foos) { Foos = foos; } public void Start() { foreach(var foo in Foos) { Task.Factory.StartNew( () => { foo.Start(); }); } } } I appears that the issue is obviously due to the fact that the call to "foo.Start()" is taking place on another thread (/task), and the mock (Moq framework) can't detect it. But I could be wrong. Thanks

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  • Atomic Instructions and Variable Update visibility

    - by dsimcha
    On most common platforms (the most important being x86; I understand that some platforms have extremely difficult memory models that provide almost no guarantees useful for multithreading, but I don't care about rare counter-examples), is the following code safe? Thread 1: someVariable = doStuff(); atomicSet(stuffDoneFlag, 1); Thread 2: while(!atomicRead(stuffDoneFlag)) {} // Wait for stuffDoneFlag to be set. doMoreStuff(someVariable); Assuming standard, reasonable implementations of atomic ops: Is Thread 1's assignment to someVariable guaranteed to complete before atomicSet() is called? Is Thread 2 guaranteed to see the assignment to someVariable before calling doMoreStuff() provided it reads stuffDoneFlag atomically? Edits: The implementation of atomic ops I'm using contains the x86 LOCK instruction in each operation, if that helps. Assume stuffDoneFlag is properly cleared somehow. How isn't important. This is a very simplified example. I created it this way so that you wouldn't have to understand the whole context of the problem to answer it. I know it's not efficient.

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  • How does one convert from a Java resultset to ColdFusion query in Railo?

    - by Shawn Grigson
    The following works fine in CFMX 7 and CF8, and I'd assume CF9 as well: <!--- 'conn' is a JDBC connection ---> <cfset stat = conn.createStatement() /> <cfset rs = stat.executeQuery(trim(arguments.sql)) /> <!--- convert this Java resultset to a CF query recordset ---> <cfset queryTable = CreateObject("java", "coldfusion.sql.QueryTable")> <cfset queryTable.init(rs) > <cfset query = queryTable.FirstTable() /> This creates a statement using a JDBC driver, executes a query against it, putting it into a java resultset, and then coldfusion.sql.QueryTable is instantiated, passed the Java resulset object, and then queryTable.FirstTable() is called, which returns an actual coldfusion resultset (for cfloop and the like). The problem comes with a difference in Railo's implementation. Running this code in Railo returns the following error: No matching Constructor for coldfusion.sql.QueryTable(org.sqlite.RS) found. I've dumped the Railo java object, and don't see init() among the methods. Am I missing something simple? I'd love to get this working in Railo as well. Please note: I am doing a DSN-less connection to a SQLite db. I understand how to set up a CF datasource. My only hiccup at this point is doing the translation from a Java result set to a Railo query.

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  • How to reliably replace a library-defined error handler with my own?

    - by sharptooth
    On certain error cases ATL invokes AtlThrow() which is implemented as ATL::AtlThrowImpl() which in turn throws CAtlException. The latter is not very good - CAtlException is not even derived from std::exception and also we use our own exceptions hierarchy and now we will have to catch CAtlException separately here and there which is lots of extra code and error-prone. Looks like it is possible to replace ATL::AtlThrowImpl() with my own handler - define _ATL_CUSTOM_THROW and define AtlThrow() to be the custom handler before including atlbase.h - and ATL will call the custom handler. Not so easy. Some of ATL code is not in sources - it comes compiled as a library - either static or dynamic. We use the static - atls.lib. And... it is compiled in such way that it has ATL::ThrowImpl() inside and some code calling it. I used a static analysis tool - it clearly shows that there're paths on which the old default handler is called. To ensure I even tried to "reimplement" ATL::AtlThrowImpl() in my code. Now the linker says it sees two declarations of ATL::AtlThrowImpl() which I suppose confirms that there's another implementation that can be called by some code. How can I handle this? How do I replace the default handler completely and ensure that the default handler is never called?

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  • Where do you take mocking - immediate dependencies, or do you grow the boundaries...?

    - by Peter Mounce
    So, I'm reasonably new to both unit testing and mocking in C# and .NET; I'm using xUnit.net and Rhino Mocks respectively. I'm a convert, and I'm focussing on writing behaviour specifications, I guess, instead of being purely TDD. Bah, semantics; I want an automated safety net to work above, essentially. A thought struck me though. I get programming against interfaces, and the benefits as far as breaking apart dependencies goes there. Sold. However, in my behaviour verification suite (aka unit tests ;-) ), I'm asserting behaviour one interface at a time. As in, one implementation of an interface at a time, with all of its dependencies mocked out and expectations set up. The approach seems to be that if we verify that a class behaves as it should against its collaborating dependencies, and in turn relies on each of those collaborating dependencies to have signed that same quality contract, we're golden. Seems reasonable enough. Back to the thought, though. Is there any value in semi-integration tests, where a test-fixture is asserting against a unit of concrete implementations that are wired together, and we're testing its internal behaviour against mocked dependencies? I just re-read that and I think I could probably have worded it better. Obviously, there's going to be a certain amount of "well, if it adds value for you, keep doing it", I suppose - but has anyone else thought about doing that, and reaped benefits from it outweighing the costs?

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  • Is using SharePoint as a intranet/extranet portal a good idea?

    - by Rob
    I work for a fortune 500 company in IT and we have developed many systems/applications to do a variety of things. We are in need of some commonality of these applications and a better portal/dashboard/landing page for these applications. So, our customers and employees would log into this portal and see all the "things" that they can do which then link to their own application. This could maybe just iframe in each application inside of this portal to keep brand and navigation consistency. We are trying to decide whether to use SharePoint 2007 or 2010 for this or develop a portal/dashboard of sorts in house. We would like this portal to look and feel very branded to our needs and really not even feel like its using SharePoint (if needed). An example is to provide our own Menu control that drives the navigation if needed. Does anyone have any pros/cons for using SharePoint in such a way? Any advice on implementation (e.g. use 2010, much easier to customize design than 2007, etc)?

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  • Colorbox with bxslider not working

    - by Bill K
    Hello I am trying to use bxslider with colorbox. My implementation of bxslider is like an example listed here. The difference is that I want only the pagers to be shown. Also when the user clicks one pager I want colorbox to open and have next and previous buttons. The problem is that I cant group the images with colorbox and next and previous button is not shown! The following code uses the rel option but with this way colorbox doesnt event start. What I have tried till now is: HTML <div class="slider_mini" style="position:relative;bottom:0px;"> <div id="bx-pager"> <a data-slide-index="0" href="image.jpg" class="imgz"><img style="width:130px;height:104px;" src="image.jpg"/></a> <a data-slide-index="1" href="image2.jpg" class="imgz"><img style="width:130px;height:104px;" src="image2.jpg"/></a> <a data-slide-index="2" href="image3.jpg" class="imgz"><img style="width:130px;height:104px;" src="image3.jpg"/></a> </div> </div> SCRIPT <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function(){ $('.imgz').colorbox({rel:'imgz'}); $('.bxslider.two').bxSlider({ pagerCustom: '#bx-pager' }); $('#bx-pager').bxSlider({ slideWidth: 130, minSlides: 2, maxSlides: 3, moveSlides: 1, slideMargin: 10 }); }); </script> Not working Fiddle. Feedback: The problem was in live website that I was calling colorbox before bxslider. I put the call after bxslider's and it works. Thank you.

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  • Qt - no such signal error

    - by bullettime
    I'm trying to trigger a signal when a double click happens in one of the draggable widgets on the fridge magnets example. Here's the changes I made to the example source: DragLabel: class DragLabel : public QLabel { public: DragLabel(const QString &text, QWidget *parent); QString labelText() const; public slots: void testSlot(){qDebug()<<"testSlot";} //<-- implemented this slot protected: void mouseDoubleClickEvent(QMouseEvent *ev){emit testSignal();} //<-- overriden this method private: QString m_labelText; signals: void testSignal(); //<-- added this signal }; The only thing I changed in the implementation file is adding connect(this,SIGNAL(testSignal()),this,SLOT(testSlot())); to DragLabel's constructor. Trying to compile the project resulted in 'undefined reference to `DragLabel::testSignal()' and 'collect2: ld returned 1 exit status' errors. When I comment out the call to the signal, it compiles and runs, but gives off 'Object::connect: No such signal QLabel::testSignal() in draglabel.cpp' warning in the application output. Apparently testSignal() isn't being recognized as a signal. What am I missing?

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  • Problem with SQLite related nUnit-tests after upgrade to VS2010 and Re#5

    - by stiank81
    After converting to Visual Studio 2010 with ReSharper5 some of my unit tests started failing. More specifically this applies to all unit tests that use NHibernate with SQLite. The problem seem to be related to SQLite somehow. The unit tests that does not involve NHibernate and SQLite are still running fine. The exception is as follows: NHibernate.HibernateException : Could not create the driver from NHibernate.Driver.SQLite20Driver, NHibernate, Version=2.1.2.4000, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=aa95f207798dfdb4. ----> System.Reflection.TargetInvocationException : Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation. ----> NHibernate.HibernateException : The IDbCommand and IDbConnection implementation in the assembly System.Data.SQLite could not be found. Ensure that the assembly System.Data.SQLite is located in the application directory or in the Global Assembly Cache. If the assembly is in the GAC, use <qualifyAssembly/> element in the application configuration file to specify the full name of the assembly. TearDown : System.NullReferenceException : Object reference not set to an instance of an object. The exception is the NullReferenceException on TearDown when cleaning up NHibernate objects that wasn't successfully created, but the problem seem to be related to SQLite somehow. I run my unit tests through ReSharper, but I get the same exception when running them directly through the NUnit.exe application. However, running them through the x86 variant (NUnit-x86.exe) all tests run fine. Can it be related to some mixing of 64bit and 32bit dlls? It still runs fine through VS2008 + ReSharper4.5. Note that the target framework of my projects still is .NET3.5. Anyone seen this problem before?

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  • Why does my ActivePerl program report 'Sorry. Ran out of threads'?

    - by Zaid
    Tom Christiansen's example code (à la perlthrtut) is a recursive, threaded implementation of finding and printing all prime numbers between 3 and 1000. Below is a mildly adapted version of the script #!/usr/bin/perl # adapted from prime-pthread, courtesy of Tom Christiansen use strict; use warnings; use threads; use Thread::Queue; sub check_prime { my ($upstream,$cur_prime) = @_; my $child; my $downstream = Thread::Queue->new; while (my $num = $upstream->dequeue) { next unless ($num % $cur_prime); if ($child) { $downstream->enqueue($num); } else { $child = threads->create(\&check_prime, $downstream, $num); if ($child) { print "This is thread ",$child->tid,". Found prime: $num\n"; } else { warn "Sorry. Ran out of threads.\n"; last; } } } if ($child) { $downstream->enqueue(undef); $child->join; } } my $stream = Thread::Queue->new(3..shift,undef); check_prime($stream,2); When run on my machine (under ActiveState & Win32), the code was capable of spawning only 118 threads (last prime number found: 653) before terminating with a 'Sorry. Ran out of threads' warning. In trying to figure out why I was limited to the number of threads I could create, I replaced the use threads; line with use threads (stack_size => 1);. The resultant code happily dealt with churning out 2000+ threads. Can anyone explain this behavior?

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  • Obj-C: ++variable is increasing by two instead of one

    - by Eli Garfinkel
    I am writing a program that asks users yes/no questions to help them decide how to vote in an election. I have a variable representing the question number called questionnumber. Each time I go through the switch-break loop, I add 1 to the questionnumber variable so that the next question will be displayed. This works fine for the first two questions. But then it skips the third question and moves on to the fourth. When I have more questions in the list, it skips every other question. Somewhere, for some reasons, the questionnumber variable is increasing when I don't want it to. Please look at the code below and tell me what I'm doing wrong. Thank you! Eli import "MainView.h" import @implementation MainView @synthesize Question; @synthesize mispar; int conservative = 0; int liberal = 0; int questionnumber = 1; (IBAction)agreebutton:(id)sender { ++liberal; } (IBAction)disagreebutton:(id)sender { ++conservative; } (IBAction)nextbutton:(id)sender { ++questionnumber; switch (questionnumber) { case 2: Question.text = @"Congress should pass a law that would ban Americans from earning more than one hundred million dollars in any given year."; break; case 3: Question.text = @"It is not fair to admit people to a university or employ them on the basis of merit alone. Factors such as race, gender, class, and sexual orientation must also be considered."; break; case 4: Question.text = @"There are two Americas - one for the rich and one for the poor."; break; case 5: Question.text = @"Top quality health care should be free for all."; break; default: break; } } @end

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  • Threads, Sockets, and Designing Low-Latency, High Concurrency Servers

    - by lazyconfabulator
    I've been thinking a lot lately about low-latency, high concurrency servers. Specifically, http servers. http servers (fast ones, anyway) can serve thousands of users simultaneously, with very little latency. So how do they do it? As near as I can tell, they all use events. Cherokee and Lighttpd use libevent. Nginx uses it's own event library performing much the same function of libevent, that is, picking a platform optimal strategy for polling events (like kqueue on *bsd, epoll on linux, /dev/poll on Solaris, etc). They all also seem to employ a strategy of multiprocess or multithread once the connection is made - using worker threads to handle the more cpu intensive tasks while another thread continues to listen and handle connections (via events). This is the extent of my understanding and ability to grok the thousand line sources of these applications. What I really want are finer details about how this all works. In examples of using events I've seen (and written) the events are handling both input and output. To this end, do the workers employ some sort of input/output queue to the event handling thread? Or are these worker threads handling their own input and output? I imagine a fixed amount of worker threads are spawned, and connections are lined up and served on demand, but how does the event thread feed these connections to the workers? I've read about FIFO queues and circular buffers, but I've yet to see any implementations to work from. Are there any? Do any use compare-and-swap instructions to avoid locking or is locking less detrimental to event polling than I think? Or have I misread the design entirely? Ultimately, I'd like to take enough away to improve some of my own event-driven network services. Bonus points to anyone providing solid implementation details (especially for stuff like low-latency queues) in C, as that's the language my network services are written in.

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  • Why is python decode replacing more than the invalid bytes from an encoded string?

    - by dangra
    Trying to decode an invalid encoded utf-8 html page gives different results in python, firefox and chrome. The invalid encoded fragment from test page looks like 'PREFIX\xe3\xabSUFFIX' >>> fragment = 'PREFIX\xe3\xabSUFFIX' >>> fragment.decode('utf-8', 'strict') ... UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf8' codec can't decode bytes in position 6-8: invalid data What follows is the summary of replacement policies used to handle decoding errors by python, firefox and chrome. Note how the three differs, and specially how python builtin removes the valid S (plus the invalid sequence of bytes). by Python The builtin replace error handler replaces the invalid \xe3\xab plus the S from SUFFIX by U+FFFD >>> fragment.decode('utf-8', 'replace') u'PREFIX\ufffdUFFIX' >>> print _ PREFIX?UFFIX The python implementation builtin replace error handler looks like: >>> python_replace = lambda exc: (u'\ufffd', exc.end) As expected, trying this gives same result than builtin: >>> codecs.register_error('python_replace', python_replace) >>> fragment.decode('utf-8', 'python_replace') u'PREFIX\ufffdUFFIX' >>> print _ PREFIX?UFFIX by Firefox Firefox replaces each invalid byte by U+FFFD >>> firefox_replace = lambda exc: (u'\ufffd', exc.start+1) >>> codecs.register_error('firefox_replace', firefox_replace) >>> test_string.decode('utf-8', 'firefox_replace') u'PREFIX\ufffd\ufffdSUFFIX' >>> print _ PREFIX??SUFFIX by Chrome Chrome replaces each invalid sequence of bytes by U+FFFD >>> chrome_replace = lambda exc: (u'\ufffd', exc.end-1) >>> codecs.register_error('chrome_replace', chrome_replace) >>> fragment.decode('utf-8', 'chrome_replace') u'PREFIX\ufffdSUFFIX' >>> print _ PREFIX?SUFFIX The main question is why builtin replace error handler for str.decode is removing the S from SUFFIX. Also, is there any unicode's official recommended way for handling decoding replacements?

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  • how useful is Turing completeness? are neural nets turing complete?

    - by Albert
    While reading some papers about the Turing completeness of recurrent neural nets (for example: Turing computability with neural nets, Hava T. Siegelmann and Eduardo D. Sontag, 1991), I got the feeling that the proof which was given there was not really that practical. For example the referenced paper needs a neural network which neuron activity must be of infinity exactness (to reliable represent any rational number). Other proofs need a neural network of infinite size. Clearly, that is not really that practical. But I started to wonder now if it does make sense at all to ask for Turing completeness. By the strict definition, no computer system nowadays is Turing complete because none of them will be able to simulate the infinite tape. Interestingly, programming language specification leaves it most often open if they are turing complete or not. It all boils down to the question if they will always be able to allocate more memory and if the function call stack size is infinite. Most specification don't really specify this. Of course all available implementations are limited here, so all practical implementations of programming languages are not Turing complete. So, what you can say is that all computer systems are just equally powerful as finite state machines and not more. And that brings me to the question: How useful is the term Turing complete at all? And back to neural nets: For any practical implementation of a neural net (including our own brain), they will not be able to represent an infinite number of states, i.e. by the strict definition of Turing completeness, they are not Turing complete. So does the question if neural nets are Turing complete make sense at all? The question if they are as powerful as finite state machines was answered already much earlier (1954 by Minsky, the answer of course: yes) and also seems easier to answer. I.e., at least in theory, that was already the proof that they are as powerful as any computer.

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  • How to make a Global Array?

    - by Wayfarer
    So, I read this post, and it's pretty much exactly what I was looking for. However... it doesn't work. I guess I'm not going to go with the singleton object, but rather making the array in either a Global.h file, or insert it into the _Prefix file. Both times I do that though, I get the error: Expected specifier-qualifier-list before 'static' and it doesn't work. So... I'm not sure how to get it to work, I can remove extern and it works, but I feel like I need that to make it a constant. The end goal is to have this Mutable Array be accessible from any object or any file in my project. Help would be appreciated! This is the code for my Globals.h file: #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> @interface Globals : NSObject { static extern NSMutableArray * myGlobalArray; } @end I don't think I need anything in the implementation file. If I were to put that in the prefix file, the error was the same.

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  • AJAX - querying a search engine and returning the number of results

    - by Moddy
    Right, so basically I need to query a selection of search engines in an AJAX app. As there is a number of different search engines - there's no search engine specific API I can use either. My main problem is getting the number of results returned by the search. So far, I have decided it is probably best to use a regexp from the returned search query HTML, and then convert the string of characters to an integer. However, this method just doesn't feel.. clean to me. It seems a bit rough around the edges and I think it could do with improving! I guess not being 100% confident with regular expressions doesn't help; but it just feels like it could be improved. Any ideas on how to implement this would be great cheers! It doesn't seem like that an exotic thing to do, so I was wondering if perhaps any of you guys have done this before and would have a few tips? Note: This is an AJAX app at the moment, but I may be re-writing this functionality in a different app soon - which won't be AJAX. I'm confident I can transfer any AJAX implementation to the other language though.

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  • How can I improve this design?

    - by klausbyskov
    Let's assume that our system can perform actions, and that an action requires some parameters to do its work. I have defined the following base class for all actions (simplified for your reading pleasure): public abstract class BaseBusinessAction<TActionParameters> : where TActionParameters : IActionParameters { protected BaseBusinessAction(TActionParameters actionParameters) { if (actionParameters == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("actionParameters"); this.Parameters = actionParameters; if (!ParametersAreValid()) throw new ArgumentException("Valid parameters must be supplied", "actionParameters"); } protected TActionParameters Parameters { get; private set; } protected abstract bool ParametersAreValid(); public void CommonMethod() { ... } } Only a concrete implementation of BaseBusinessAction knows how to validate that the parameters passed to it are valid, and therefore the ParametersAreValid is an abstract function. However, I want the base class constructor to enforce that the parameters passed are always valid, so I've added a call to ParametersAreValid to the constructor and I throw an exception when the function returns false. So far so good, right? Well, no. Code analysis is telling me to "not call overridable methods in constructors" which actually makes a lot of sense because when the base class's constructor is called the child class's constructor has not yet been called, and therefore the ParametersAreValid method may not have access to some critical member variable that the child class's constructor would set. So the question is this: How do I improve this design? Do I add a Func<bool, TActionParameters> parameter to the base class constructor? If I did: public class MyAction<MyParameters> { public MyAction(MyParameters actionParameters, bool something) : base(actionParameters, ValidateIt) { this.something = something; } private bool something; public static bool ValidateIt() { return something; } } This would work because ValidateIt is static, but I don't know... Is there a better way? Comments are very welcome.

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  • Unittesting aspect-oriented features.

    - by Tomas Brambora
    Hi, I'd like to know what would you propose as the best way to unit test aspect-oriented application features (well, perhaps that's not the best name, but it's the best I was able to come up with :-) ) such as logging or security? These things are sort of omni-present in the application, so how to test them properly? E.g. say that I'm writing a Cherrypy web server in Python. I can use a decorator to check whether the logged-in user has the permission to access a given page. But then I'd need to write a test for every page to see whether it works oK (or more like to see that I had not forgotten to check security perms for that page). This could maybe (emphasis on maybe) be bearable if logging and/or security were implemented during the web server "normal business implementation". However, security and logging usually tend to be added to the app as an afterthough (or maybe that's just my experience, I'm usually given a server and then asked to implement security model :-) ). Any thoughts on this are very welcome. I have currently 'solved' this issue by, well - not testing this at all. Thanks.

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  • Good patterns for loose coupling in Java?

    - by Eye of Hell
    Hello. I'm new to java, and while reading documentation so far i can't find any good ways for programming with loose coupling between objects. For majority of languages i know (C++, C#, python, javascript) i can manage objects as having 'signals' (notification about something happens/something needed) and 'slots' (method that can be connected to signal and process notification/do some work). In all mentioned languages i can write something like this: Object1 = new Object1Class(); Object2 = new Object2Class(); Connect( Object1.ItemAdded, Object2.OnItemAdded ); Now if object1 calls/emits ItemAdded, the OnItemAdded method of Object2 will be called. Such loose coupling technique is often referred as 'delegates', 'signal-slot' or 'inversion of control'. Compared to interface pattern, technique mentioned don't need to group signals into some interfaces. Any object's methods can be connected to any delegate as long as signatures match ( C++Qt even extends this by allowing only partial signature match ). So i don't need to write additional interface code for each methods / groups of methods, provide default implementation for interface methods not used etc. And i can't see anything like this in Java :(. Maybe i'm looking a wrong way?

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