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• Saving "heavy" image to PDF in MATLAB - rendering problem

  - by yuk

  I generate a figure in MATLAB with lot amount of points (100000+) and want to save it into a PDF file. With zbuffer or painters renderer I've got very large and slowly opened file (over 4 Mb) - all points are in vector format. Using OpenGL renderer rasterize the figure in PDF, ok for the plot, but not good for text labels. The file size is about 150 Kb. Try this simplified code, for example: x=linspace(1,10,100000); y=sin(x)+randn(size(x)); plot(x,y,'.') set(gcf,'Renderer','zbuffer') print -dpdf -r300 testpdf_zb set(gcf,'Renderer','painters') print -dpdf -r300 testpdf_pa set(gcf,'Renderer','opengl') print -dpdf -r300 testpdf_op The actual figure is much more complex with several axes and different types of plots. Is there a way to rasterize the figure, but keep text labels as vectors? Another problem with OpenGL is that is does not work in terminal mode (-nosplash -nodesktop) under Mac OSX. Looks like OpenGL is not supported. I have to use terminal mode for automation. The MATLAB version I run is 2007b. Mac OSX server 10.4.

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• Mapping enum with fluent nhibernate

  - by Puneet

  I am following the http://wiki.fluentnhibernate.org/Getting%5Fstarted tutorial to create my first NHibernate project with Fluent NHibernate I have 2 tables 1) Account with fields Id AccountHolderName AccountTypeId 2) AccountType with fields Id AccountTypeName Right now the account types can be Savings or Current So the table AccountTypes stores 2 rows 1 - Savings 2 - Current For AccoutType table I have defined enum public enum AccountType { Savings=1, Current=2 } For Account table I define the entity class public class Account { public virtual int Id {get; private set;} public virtual string AccountHolderName {get; set;} public virtual string AccountType {get; set;} } The fluent nhibernate mappings are: public AgencyMap() { Id(o => o.Id); Map(o => o.AccountHolderName); Map(o => o.AccountType); } When I try to run the solution, it gives an exception - InnerException = {"(XmlDocument)(2,4): XML validation error: The element 'class' in namespace 'urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2' has incomplete content. List of possible elements expected: 'meta, subselect, cache, synchronize, comment, tuplizer, id, composite-id' in namespace 'ur... I guess that is because I have not speciofied any mapping for AccountType. The questions are: How can I use AccountType enum instead of a AccountType class? Maybe I am going on wrong track. Is there a better way to do this? Thanks!

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• Creating an application that can open files of a given format

  - by Brian Postow

  I've got an app, written in Obj-C. The info.plist has a list of file types that the app can open. I'm pretty sure that this is working because when I try to drag a file of an unacceptable type, the app doesn't highlight, but when I drag a file of an acceptable type, it does highlight, and lets me drop. When I drop, the app starts up, correctly, however, then I get a dialog saying: The document "foo.tiff" could not be opened. DocView cannot open files in the "TIFF File" format. I DO have this in my info.plist <key>CFBundleTypeExtensions</key> <array> <string>tif</string> <string>tiff</string> </array> <key>CFBundleTypeIconFile</key> <string>TIFFFile.icns</string> <key>CFBundleTypeName</key> <string>TIFF File</string> <key>CFBundleTypeOSTypes</key> <array> <string>TIFF</string> </array> <key>CFBundleTypeRole</key> <string>Viewer</string> <key>LSHandlerRank</key> <string>Documents/</string> Thanks.

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• Algorithm for optimally choosing actions to perform a task

  - by Jules

  There are two data types: tasks and actions. An action costs a certain time to complete, and a set of tasks this actions consists of. A task has a set of actions, and our job is to choose one of them. So: class Task { Set<Action> choices; } class Action { float time; Set<Task> dependencies; } For example the primary task could be "Get a house". The possible actions for this task: "Buy a house" or "Build a house". The action "Build a house" costs 10 hours and has the dependencies "Get bricks" and "Get cement", etcetera. The total time is the sum of all the times of the actions required to perform. We want to choose actions such that the total time is minimal. Note that the dependencies can be diamond shaped. For example "Get bricks" could require "Get a car" (to transport the bricks) and "Get cement" would also require a car. Even if you do "Get bricks" and "Get cement" you only have to count the time it takes to get a car once. Note also that the dependencies can be circular. For example "Money" - "Job" - "Car" - "Money". This is no problem for us, we simply select all of "Money", "Job" and "Car". The total time is simply the sum of the time of these 3 things. Mathematical description: Let actions be the chosen actions. valid(task) = ?action ? task.choices. (action ? actions ? ?tasks ? action.dependencies. valid(task)) time = sum {action.time | action ? actions} minimize time subject to valid(primaryTask)

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• Function should return float, but it gets messed up!

  - by Andre

  Hi guys, I'm going crazy here. I have a function that should return a float number: - (float) getHue:(UIColor *)original { NSLog(@"getHue"); const CGFloat *componentColors = CGColorGetComponents(original.CGColor); float red = componentColors[0]; float green = componentColors[1]; float blue = componentColors[2]; float h = 0.0f; float maxChannel = fmax(red, fmax(green, blue)); float minChannel = fmin(red, fmin(green, blue)); if (maxChannel == minChannel) h = 0.0f; else if (maxChannel == red) h = 0.166667f * (green - blue) / (maxChannel - minChannel) + 0.000000f; else if (maxChannel == green) h = 0.166667f * (blue - red) / (maxChannel - minChannel) + 0.333333f; else if (maxChannel == blue) h = 0.166667f * (red - green) / (maxChannel - minChannel) + 0.666667f; else h = 0.0f; if (h < 0.0f) h += 1.0f; NSLog(@"getHue results: %f", h); return h; } The NSLog will trace it correctly (i.e: 0.005), but the actual return value of the function is NULL. I've tried getting that value in so many ways and it never works. float originalHue = [self getHue:original]; results in a building error, as it says: "incompatible types in initialization" float *originalHue = [self getHue:original]; results in a null return. I've tried other ways, but it never actually gets the value properly. Any thoughts? Cheers guys, Andre

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• Importing data from third party datasource (open architecture design )

  - by mare

  How would you design an application (classes, interfaces in class library) in .NET when we have a fixed database design on our side and we need to support imports of data from third party data sources, which will most likely be in XML? For instance, let us say we have a Products table in our DB which has columns Id Title Description TaxLevel Price and on the other side we have for instance Products: ProductId ProdTitle Text BasicPrice Quantity. Currently I do it like this: Have the third party XML convert to classes and XSD's and then deserialize its contents into strong typed objects (what we get as a result of this process is classes like ThirdPartyProduct, ThirdPartyClassification, etc.). Then I have methods like this: InsertProduct(ThirdPartyProduct newproduct) I do not use interfaces at the moment but I would like them to. What I would like is implement something like public class Contoso_ProductSynchronization : ProductSynchronization InsertProduct(ContosoProduct p) where ProductSynchronization will be an interface or abstract class. There will most likely be many implementations of ProductSynchronization. I cannot hardcode the types - classes like ContosoProduct, NorthwindProduct might be created from the third party XML's (so preferably I would continue to use deserialization). Hopefully someone will understand what I'm trying to explain here. Just imagine you are the seller and you have numerous providers and each one uses their own proprietary XML format. I don't mind the development, which will of course be needed everytime new format appears, because it will only require 10-20 methods to be implemented, I just want the architecture to be open and support that.

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• Is ADO.NET Entity framework database schema update possible?

  - by fyasar

  I'm working on proof of concept application like crm and i need your some advice. My application's data layer completely dynamic and run onto EF 3.5. When the user update the entity, change relation or add new column to the database, first i'm planning make for these with custom classes. After I rebuild my database model layer with new changes during the application runtime. And my model layer tie with tightly coupled to my project for easy reflecting model layer changes (It connected to my project via interfaces and loading onto to application domain in the runtime). I need to create dynamic entities, create entity relations and modify them during the runtime after that i need to create change database script for updating database schema. I know ADO.NET team says "we will be able to provide this property in EF 4.0", but i don't need to wait for them. How can i update database changes during the runtime via EF 3.5 ? For example, i need to create new entity or need to change some entity schema, add new properties or change property types after than how can apply these changes on the physical database schema ? Any ideas ?

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• database setup for web application

  - by vbNewbie

  I have an application that requires a database and I have already setup tables but not sure if they match the requirements of the app. The app is a crawler which fetches web urls, crawls and stores appropriate urls and posts and all this is based on client requests which are stored as projects. So for each url stored there is one post and for client there are many projects and for each project there are many types of requests. So we get a client with a request and assign them a project name and then use the request to search for content and store the url and post. A request could already exist and should not be duplicated but should be associated with the right client and project and post etc. Here is my schema now: url table: urlId PK queryId FK url post table: postId PK urlId FK post date request table: queryId PK request client table: clientId PK client Name projectId FK project table: projectID PK queryID FK project Does this look right? or does anyone have suggestions. Of course my stored procedures and insert statements will have to be in depth.

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• Constructor Overloading

  - by Mark Baker

  Normally when I want to create a class constructor that accepts different types of parameters, I'll use a kludgy overloading principle of not defining any args in the constructor definition: e.g. for an ECEF coordinate class constructor, I want it to accept either $x, $y and $z arguments, or to accept a single array argument containg x, y and z values, or to accept a single LatLong object I'd create a constructor looking something like: function __construct() { // Identify if any arguments have been passed to the constructor if (func_num_args() > 0) { $args = func_get_args(); // Identify the overload constructor required, based on the datatype of the first argument $argType = gettype($args[0]); switch($argType) { case 'array' : // Array of Cartesian co-ordinate values $overloadConstructor = 'setCoordinatesFromArray'; break; case 'object' : // A LatLong object that needs converting to Cartesian co-ordinate values $overloadConstructor = 'setCoordinatesFromLatLong'; break; default : // Individual Cartesian co-ordinate values $overloadConstructor = 'setCoordinatesFromXYZ'; break; } // Call the appropriate overload constructor call_user_func_array(array($this,$overloadConstructor),$args); } } // function __construct() I'm looking at an alternative: to provide a straight constructor with $x, $y and $z as defined arguments, and to provide static methods of createECEFfromArray() and createECEFfromLatLong() that handle all the necessary extraction of x, y and z; then create a new ECEF object using the standard constructor, and return that Which option is cleaner from an OO purists perspective?

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• Simply doing modelType.ToString() isn't sufficient, How can i use it via Activator.CreateInstance?

  - by programmerist

  public class MyController { public object CreateByEnum(DataModelType modeltype) { string enumText = modeltype.ToString(); // will return for example "Company" Type classType = Type.GetType(enumText); // the Type for Company class object t = Activator.CreateInstance(classType); // create an instance of Company class return t; } } public class CompanyView { public static List<Personel> GetPersonel() { MyController controller = new MyController(); _Company company = controller.CreateByEnum(DataModelType.Company) as _Company; return company.GetPersonel(); } } public enum DataModelType { xyz, klm, tucyz, Company } Yes, I agree Activator.CreateInstance() is very useful. Unfortunately, I need to pass in the correct type. That means building the correct string to pass to Type.GetType(). If I trace through the call to Controller.CreatebyEnum() in the code I posted above, simply doing modelType.ToString() isn't sufficient, even for the case of DataModelType.Company. My solution'll be maintenance bottleneck. What would be better is something that takes the results of modelType.ToString() and then recursively searches through all the types found in all the assemblies loaded in the current AppDomain. According to MSDN, Type.GetType() only searches the current calling assembly, and mscorlib.dll. How can i do that? . i need best performance?

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• How to store data in mysql, to get the fastest performance?

  - by Oden

  Hey, I'm thinking about it, witch of the following two query types would give me the fastest performance for a user messaging module inside my site: The first one i thought about is a multi table setup, witch has a connection table, and a main table. The connection table holds the connection between accounts, and the messaging table. In this case a query would look like following, to get some data of the author, and the messages he has sent: SELECT m.*, a.username FROM messages AS m LEFT JOIN connection_table ON (message_id = m.id) LEFT JOIN accounts AS a ON (account_id = a.id) WHERE m.id = '32341' Inserting into it is a little bit more "complicated". My other idea, and in my thought the better solution of this problem is that i store the data i would use in a connection table in the same table where is store the data of the mail. Sounds like i would get lots of duplicated entries, but no, because i have a field witch has text type and holds user ids like this: *24*32*249* If I want to query them, i use the mysql LIKE method. Deleting is an other problem, but for this i have one more field where i store who has deleted the post. Sad about that i don't know how to join this. So what would you recommend? Are there other ways?

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• How to reference other documents in a couchDB view (joining like functionality)

  - by Surfrdan

  We have a CouchDB representation of an XML database which we use to power a javascript based frontend for manipulating the XML documents. The basic structure is a simple 3 level hierachy. i.e. A - B - C A: Parent doucument (type A) B: any number of child documents of parent type A C: any number of child documents of parent type B We represent these 3 document types in CouchDB with a 'type' attribute: e.g. { "_id":"llgc-id:433", "_rev":"1-3760f3e01d7752a7508b047e0d094301", "type":"A", "label":"Top Level A document", "logicalMap":{ "issues":{ "1":{ "URL":"http://hdl.handle.net/10107/434-0", "FILE":"llgc-id:434" }, "2":{ "URL":"http://hdl.handle.net/10107/467-0", "FILE":"llgc-id:467" etc... } } } } { "_id":"llgc-id:433", "_rev":"1-3760f3e01d7752a7508b047e0d094301", "type":"B", "label":"a B document", } What I want to do is produce a view which returns documents just like the A type but includes the label attribute from the B document within the logicalMap list e.g. { "_id":"llgc-id:433", "_rev":"1-3760f3e01d7752a7508b047e0d094301", "type":"A", "label":"Top Level A document", "logicalMap":{ "issues":{ "1":{ "URL":"http://hdl.handle.net/10107/434-0", "FILE":"llgc-id:434", "LABEL":"a B document" }, "2":{ "URL":"http://hdl.handle.net/10107/467-0", "FILE":"llgc-id:467", "LABEL":"another B document" etc... } } } } I'm struggling to get my head around the best way to perform this. It looks like it should be fairly simple though!

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• Py_INCREF/DECREF: When

  - by Izz ad-Din Ruhulessin

  Is one correct in stating the following: If a Python object is created in a C function, but the function doesn't return it, no INCREF is needed, but a DECREF is. [false]If the function does return it, you do need to INCREF, in the function that receives the return value.[/false] When assigning C typed variables as attributes, like double, int etc., to the Python object, no INCREF or DECREF is needed. Assigning Python objects as attributes to your other Python objects goes like this: PyObject *foo; foo = bar // A Python object tmp = self->foo; Py_INCREF(foo); self->foo = foo; Py_XDECREF(tmp); //taken from the manual, but it is unclear if this works in every situation EDIT: -- can I safely use this in every situation? (haven't run into one where it caused me problems) dealloc of a Python object needs to DECREF for every other Python object that it has as an attribute, but not for attributes that are C types. Edit With 'C type as an attribute I mean bar and baz: typedef struct { PyObject_HEAD PyObject *foo; int bar; double baz; } FooBarBaz;

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• Generic dataset handling library

  - by Pep.

  Hello, I want to build a generic Perl module for handling and analysing biomedical character separated datasets and which can, most certain, be used on any kind of datasets that contain a mixture of categorical (A,B,C,..) and continuous (1.2,3,881..) and identifier (XXX1,XXX2...). The plan is to have people initialize the module and then use some arguments to point to the data file(s), the place were the analysis reports should be placed and the structure of the data. By structure of data I mean which variable is in which place and its name/type. And this is where I need some enlightenment. I am baffled how to do this in a clean way. Obviously, having people create a simple schema file, be it XML or some other format would be the cleanest but maybe not all people enjoy doing something like this. The solutions I can think of are: Create a configuration file in XML or similar and with a prespecified format. Pass the information during initialization of the module. Use the first row of the data as headers and try to guess types (ouch) Surely there must be a "canonical" way of doing this that is also usable and efficient. Thanks p.

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• Using JAXB to customise the generation of java enums

  - by belltower

  I'm using an external bindings file when using jaxb against an XML schema. I'm mostly using the bindings file to map from the XML schema primitives to my own types. This is a snippet of the bindings file <jxb:bindings version="1.0" xmlns:jxb="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/jaxb" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:ai="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/jaxb/xjc" extensionBindingPrefixes="ai"> <jxb:bindings schemaLocation="xsdurl" node="xs:schema"> <jxb:globalBindings> <jxb:javaType name="com.companyname.StringType" xmlType="xs:string" parseMethod="parse" printMethod="print" hasNsContext="true"> </jxb:javaType> </jxb:globalBindings> </jxb:bindings> </jxb:bindings> So whenever a xs:string is encountered, the com.companyname.StringType the methods print / parse are called for marshalling/unmarshalling etc. Now if JAXB encounters an xs:enumeration it will generate a java enum. For example: <xs:simpleType name="Address"> <xs:restriction base="xs:string"> <xs:enumeration value="ADDR"/> <xs:enumeration value="PBOX"/> </xs:restriction> </xs:simpleType> public enum Address { ADDR, PBOX, public String value() { return name(); } public static Address fromValue(String v) { return valueOf(v); } } Does anyone know if it is possible to customise the creation of an enum like it is for a primitive? I would like to be able to: Add a standard member variable / other methods to every enum generated by jaxb. Specify the static method used to create the enum.

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• Machine leaning algorithm for data classification.

  - by twk

  Hi all, I'm looking for some guidance about which techniques/algorithms I should research to solve the following problem. I've currently got an algorithm that clusters similar-sounding mp3s using acoustic fingerprinting. In each cluster, I have all the different metadata (song/artist/album) for each file. For that cluster, I'd like to pick the "best" song/artist/album metadata that matches an existing row in my database, or if there is no best match, decide to insert a new row. For a cluster, there is generally some correct metadata, but individual files have many types of problems: Artist/songs are completely misnamed, or just slightly mispelled the artist/song/album is missing, but the rest of the information is there the song is actually a live recording, but only some of the files in the cluster are labeled as such. there may be very little metadata, in some cases just the file name, which might be artist - song.mp3, or artist - album - song.mp3, or another variation A simple voting algorithm works fairly well, but I'd like to have something I can train on a large set of data that might pick up more nuances than what I've got right now. Any links to papers or similar projects would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!

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• Validating Login / Changing User settings / Php Mysql

  - by Marcelo

  Hi everyone, my questions are about login, and changing already saved data. (Q1) 'Till now I've only saved input in the tables of the database (registration steps), now I need to check if the input (login steps), are the same of my table in database, in fact I have 3 types of users, then I'll have to check 3 kind of tables. Then if the input data matches with one of those 3 tables I will redirect the user to his specific area. I'm thinking about saved the submitted data $login=$_REQUEST['login']; and $password=$_REQUEST['password']; and compare with the login column in the database. Then if the login matches, I'll compare the password submitted with the one in the row, not in the column. But I don't know how to do this search and comparison,neither what to use. Then if both matches I'll redirect the user. Else I'll send an login error message. (this I know how to do) (Q2) What if need to change an already saved user ? For example to change an email address. My changing user's data web page is exactly the same like the registration user web page. Can I load the already saved options and values of registration (table user for example). Then the user will change whatever he thinks it's necessary, and then when he submits the new information, they would not create a new row in my table, but just be overwritten the old information? How can I do this? Sorry for any mistake in English, and Thanks for the attention.

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• ASP.NET MVC application architecture "guidelines"

  - by Joe Future

  I'm looking for some feedback on my ASP.NET MVC based CMS application architecture. Domain Model - depends on nothing but the System classes to define types. For now, mostly anemic. Repository Layer - abstracted data access, only called by the services layer Services Layer - performs business logic on domain models. Exposes view models to the controllers. ViewModelMapper - service that translates back and forth between view models and domain models Controllers - super thin "traffic cop" style functionality that interacts with the service layer and only talks in terms of view models, never domain models My domain model is mostly used as data transfer (DTO) objects and has minimal logic at the moment. I'm finding this is nice because it depends on nothing (not even classes in the services layer). The services layer is a bit tricky... I only want the controllers to have access to viewmodels for ease of GUI programming. However, some of the services need to talk to each other. For example, I have an eventing service that notifies other listener services when content is tagged, when blog posts are created, etc. Currently, the methods that take domain models as inputs or return them are marked internal so they can't be used by the controllers. Sounds like overkill? Not enough abstraction? I'm mainly doing this as a learning exercise in being strict about architecture, not for an actual product, so please no feedback along the lines of "right depends on what you want to do". thanks! Jason

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• template style matrix implementation in c

  - by monkeyking

  From time to time I use the following code for generating a matrix style datastructure typedef double myType; typedef struct matrix_t{ |Compilation started at Mon Apr 5 02:24:15 myType **matrix; | size_t x; |gcc structreaderGeneral.c -std=gnu99 -lz size_t y; | }matrix; |Compilation finished at Mon Apr 5 02:24:15 | | matrix alloc_matrix(size_t x, size_t y){ | if(0) | fprintf(stderr,"\t-> Alloc matrix with dim (%lu,%lu) byteprline=%lu bytetotal:%l\| u\n",x,y,y*sizeof(myType),x*y*sizeof(myType)); | | myType **m = (myType **)malloc(x*sizeof(myType **)); | for(size_t i=0;i<x;i++) | m[i] =(myType *) malloc(y*sizeof(myType *)); | | matrix ret; | ret.x=x; | ret.y=y; | ret.matrix=m; | return ret; | } And then I would change my typedef accordingly if I needed a different kind of type for the entries in my matrix. Now I need 2 matrices with different types, an easy solution would be to copy/paste the code, but is there some way to do a template styled implementation. Thanks

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• How is it legal to reference an undefined type inside a structure?

  - by paxdiablo

  As part of answering another question, I came across a piece of code like this, which gcc compiles without complaint. typedef struct { struct xyz *z; } xyz; int main (void) { return 0; } This is the means I've always used to construct types that point to themselves (e.g., linked lists) but I've always thought you had to name the struct so you could use self-reference. In other words, you couldn't use xyz *z within the structure because the typedef is not yet complete at that point. But this particular sample does not name the structure and it still compiles. I thought originally there was some black magic going on in the compiler that automatically translated the above code because the structure and typedef names were the same. But this little beauty works as well: typedef struct { struct NOTHING_LIKE_xyz *z; } xyz; What am I missing here? This seems a clear violation since there is no struct NOTHING_LIKE_xyz type defined anywhere. When I change it from a pointer to an actual type, I get the expected error: typedef struct { struct NOTHING_LIKE_xyz z; } xyz; qqq.c:2: error: field `z' has incomplete type Also, when I remove the struct, I get an error (parse error before "NOTHING ...). Is this allowed in ISO C?

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• JTA or LOCAL transactions in JPA2+Hibernate 3.6.0?

  - by Pangea

  We are in the process of re-thinking our tech stack and below are our choices (We can't live without Spring and Hibernate due to the complexity etc of the app). We are also moving from J2EE 1.4 to JEE 5. Tech stack JEE 5 JPA 2.0 (I know JEE 5 only supports JPA 1.0 but we want to use Hibernate as the JPA provider) Hibernate 3.6.0 (We already have lots of hbm files with custom types etc. so we doesn't want to migrate them at this time to JPA. This means we want both jpa/hbm mappings work together and hence the Hibernate as the JPA provider instead of using the default that comes with App Server) Now the problems is that I want to stick with local transactions but other team members want to use JTA. I have been working with J2EE for last 9 years and I've heard time and again people suggesting to stick with local transactions if I doesn't need two phase commits. This is not only for performance reasons but debugging/troubleshooting a local transaction is lot easier than a distributed transaction. My suggestion is to use spring declarative transaction management + local transactions (HibernateTransactionManager) I want to make sure if I am being paranoid or I have a valid point. I'd like to hear what the rest of the JEE world thinks. Thank you.

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• Can I get rid of this read lock?

  - by Pieter

  I have the following helper class (simplified): public static class Cache { private static readonly object _syncRoot = new object(); private static Dictionary<Type, string> _lookup = new Dictionary<Type, string>(); public static void Add(Type type, string value) { lock (_syncRoot) { _lookup.Add(type, value); } } public static string Lookup(Type type) { string result; lock (_syncRoot) { _lookup.TryGetValue(type, out result); } return result; } } Add will be called roughly 10/100 times in the application and Lookup will be called by many threads, many of thousands of times. What I would like is to get rid of the read lock. How do you normally get rid of the read lock in this situation? I have the following ideas: Require that _lookup is stable before the application starts operation. The could be build up from an Attribute. This is done automatically through the static constructor the attribute is assigned to. Requiring the above would require me to go through all types that could have the attribute and calling RuntimeHelpers.RunClassConstructor which is an expensive operation; Move to COW semantics. public static void Add(Type type, string value) { lock (_syncRoot) { var lookup = new Dictionary<Type, string>(_lookup); lookup.Add(type, value); _lookup = lookup; } } (With the lock (_syncRoot) removed in the Lookup method.) The problem with this is that this uses an unnecessary amount of memory (which might not be a problem) and I would probably make _lookup volatile, but I'm not sure how this should be applied. (John Skeets' comment here gives me pause.) Using ReaderWriterLock. I believe this would make things worse since the region being locked is small. Suggestions are very welcome.

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• Detection of negative integers using bit operations

  - by Nawaz

  One approach to check if a given integer is negative or not, could be this: (using bit operations) int num_bits = sizeof(int) * 8; //assuming 8 bits per byte! int sign_bit = given_int & (1 << (num_bits-1)); //sign_bit is either 1 or 0 if ( sign_bit ) { cout << "given integer is negative"<<endl; } else { cout << "given integer is positive"<<endl; } The problem with this solution is that number of bits per byte couldn't be 8, it could be 9,10, 11 even 16 or 40 bits per byte. Byte doesn't necessarily mean 8 bits! Anyway, this problem can be easily fixed by writing, //CHAR_BIT is defined in limits.h int num_bits = sizeof(int) * CHAR_BIT; //no assumption. It seems fine now. But is it really? Is this Standard conformant? What if the negative integer is not represented as 2's complement? What if it's representation in a binary numeration system that doesn't necessitate only negative integers to have 1 in it's most significant bit? Can we write such code that will be both portable and standard conformant? Related topics: Size of Primitive data types Why is a boolean 1 byte and not 1 bit of size?

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• Automatically hyper-link URL's and Email's using C#, whilst leaving bespoke tags in place

  - by marcusstarnes

  I have a site that enables users to post messages to a forum. At present, if a user types a web address or email address and posts it, it's treated the same as any other piece of text. There are tools that enable the user to supply hyper-linked web and email addresses (via some bespoke tags/markup) - these are sometimes used, but not always. In addition, a bespoke 'Image' tag can also be used to reference images that are hosted on the web. My objective is to both cater for those that use these existing tools to generate hyper-linked addresses, but to also cater for those that simply type a web or email address in, and to then automatically convert this to a hyper-linked address for them (as soon as they submit their post). I've found one or two regular expressions that convert a plain string web or email address, however, I obviously don't want to perform any manipulation on addresses that are already being handled via the sites bespoke tagging, and that's where I'm stuck - how to EXCLUDE any web or email addresses that are already catered for via the bespoke tagging - I wan't to leave them as is. Here are some examples of bespoke tagging for the variations that I need to be left alone: [URL=www.msn.com]www.msn.com[/URL] [URL=http://www.msn.com]http://www.msn.com[/URL] [[email protected]][email protected][/EMAIL] [IMG]www.msn.com/images/test.jpg[/IMG] [IMG]http://www.msn.com/images/test.jpg[/IMG] The following examples would however ideally need to be automatically converted into web & email links respectively: www.msn.com http://www.msn.com [email protected] Ideally, the 'converted' links would just have the appropriate bespoke tags applied to them as per the initial examples earlier in this post, so rather than: <a href="..." etc. they'd become: [URL=http://www.. etc.) Unfortunately, we have a LOT of historic data stored with this bespoke tagging throughout, so for now, we'd like to retain that rather than implementing an entirely new way of storing our users posts. Any help would be much appreciated. Thanks.

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• Array of templated structs

  - by Jakub Mertlik

  I have structs templated by int derived from a Base struct. struct Base { int i; double d; }; template< int N > struct Derv : base { static const int mN = N; }; I need to make an array of Derv< N where N can vary for each struct in that array. I know C/C++ does not allow arrays of objects of different types, but is there a way around this? I was thinking of separating the type information somehow (hints like pointers to Base struct or usage of union spring to my mind, but with all of these I don't know how to store the type information of each array element for usage DURING COMPILE TIME). As you can see, the memory pattern of each Derv< N is the same. I need to access the type of each array element for template specialization later in my code. The general aim of this all is to have a compile-time dispatch mechanism without the need to do a runtime "type switch" somewhere in the code. Thank you.

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