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• Why using swap file over a SMB/NFS mounted filesystem is not possible in Linux?

  - by Avio

  I'd like to use another machine's unused RAM as swapspace for my primary Linux installation. I was just curious about performance of network ramdisks compared to local (slow) mechanical hard disks. The swapfile is on a tmpfs mountpoint and is shared through samba. However, every time I try to issue: swapon /mnt/ramswap/swapfile I get: swapon: /mnt/ramswap/swapfile: swapon failed: Invalid argument and in dmesg I read: [ 9569.806483] swapon: swapfile has holes I've tried to allocate the swapfile with dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=1024 (but also =4096 and =1048576) and with truncate -s 2G (both followed by mkswap swapfile) but the result is always the same. In this post (dated back to 2002) someone says that using a swapfile over NFS/SMB is not possible in Linux. Is this statement still valid? And if yes, what is the reason of this choice and is there any workaround to have this working?

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• What else can I do to secure my Linux server?

  - by eric01

  I want to put a web application on my Linux server: I will first explain to you what the web app will do and then I will tell you what I did so far to secure my brand new Linux system. The app will be a classified ads website (like gumtree.co.uk) where users can sell their items, upload images, send to and receive emails from the admin. It will use SSL for some pages. I will need SSH. So far, what I did to secure my stock Ubuntu (latest version) is the following: NOTE: I probably did some things that will prevent the application from doing all its tasks, so please let me know of that. My machine's sole purpose will be hosting the website. (I put numbers as bullet points so you can refer to them more easily) 1) Firewall I installed Uncomplicated Firewall. Deny IN & OUT by default Rules: Allow IN & OUT: HTTP, IMAP, POP3, SMTP, SSH, UDP port 53 (DNS), UDP port 123 (SNTP), SSL, port 443 (the ones I didn't allow were FTP, NFS, Samba, VNC, CUPS) When I install MySQL & Apache, I will open up Port 3306 IN & OUT. 2) Secure the partition in /etc/fstab, I added the following line at the end: tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,rw 0 0 Then in console: mount -o remount /dev/shm 3) Secure the kernel In the file /etc/sysctl.conf, there are a few different filters to uncomment. I didn't know which one was relevant to web app hosting. Which one should I activate? They are the following: A) Turn on Source Address Verification in all interfaces to prevent spoofing attacks B) Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 C) Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 D) Do no accept ICMP redirects (we are not a router) E) Accept ICMP redirects only for gateways listed in our default gateway list F) Do not send ICMP redirects G) Do not accept IP source route packets (we are not a router) H) Log Martian Packets 4) Configure the passwd file Replace "sh" by "false" for all accounts except user account and root. I also did it for the account called sshd. I am not sure whether it will prevent SSH connection (which I want to use) or if it's something else. 5) Configure the shadow file In the console: passwd -l to lock all accounts except user account. 6) Install rkhunter and chkrootkit 7) Install Bum Disabled those services: "High performance mail server", "unreadable (kerneloops)","unreadable (speech-dispatcher)","Restores DNS" (should this one stay on?) 8) Install Apparmor_profiles 9) Install clamav & freshclam (antivirus and update) What did I do wrong and what should I do more to secure this Linux machine? Thanks a lot in advance

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• How can I get OS/X-like switch windows of same program bound to hotkey with linux GUIs?

  - by dbenhur

  On OS/X, Command-~ switches between windows associated with the program with current focus. This is very handy when toggling through a set of browser windows or editor windows, for example. A couple years ago I noticed someone using similar functionality on a Gnome linux laptop and they showed me how to set it up, but I forgot the details (so I know it's possible). I frequently switch between MacBook and a variety of linux systems running Gnome, Unity, and occasionally KDE. My Google-fu failed so I turn to stack exchange: How do I bind Alt-~ or similar key to give me functionality to switch between windows of program with current focus?

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• Is it safe to use up all memory on linux server, not leaving anything for the cache?

  - by Temnovit

  I have a CentOS server fully dedicated to MySQL 5.5 (with innodb tables mostly). Server has 32 GB RAM, SSD disks, and avarage memory usage looks like this: So about 25GB is in use and about 6.5GB is cached. I am experiencing performance problems with WRITE queries, so I was thinking, is this the optimal cache size? I might increase innodb buffer size, so that linux cache would become smaller, or decrease it, so it would be bigger. What is the optimal used/cached memory balance for busy MySQL server on linux?

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• Linux - How do I see when a process started?

  - by Rory McCann

  How can I see when a process started, assuming I know the pid. (On Linux)

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• How to get a windows domain server to recognize a linux machine by its name?

  - by CaCl

  In my company I ran into an issue where we have a linux machine that serves up a Subversion repository. Its hooked up via LDAP to the Active Directory. We got an account setup for an application and they set the Limited Workstations up so it didn't have full access to the network. The problem is that even though the hostname for our machine resolves correctly for me, the credentials for the application account seem to come back as not being allowed based on the name (the error was related to authorized workstations). I don't have access to any of the domain servers but it might be helpful to come at the management or high-level techs with some ideas, they don't seem to have a solution besides allowing all workstations for the user. Does anyone have any idea on how to get my linux machine to properly identify itself with the Domain machine by name?

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• How does Linux's unlink on a NTFS filesystem differs from Window's own implementation?

  - by DavideRossi

  I have an external USB disk with an NTFS filesystem on it. If I remove a file from Windows and I run one of the several "undelete" utilities (say, TestDisk) I can easily recover the file (because "it's still there but it's marked as deleted"). If I remove the file from Linux (I'm using Ubuntu) no utility can recover the file (unless I use a deep-search signature-based one). Why? It looks like Linux does not just "mark it as deleted" but it wipes away some on-disk structure, is this the case?

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• Oracle backup and recovery

  - by kupa

  During recovery Oracle writes the following error: RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown log: thread 1 seq 9 lowscn 4034762 I have used in mount mode this command: change archivelog all crosscheck; delete expired archivelog all; Then restore and tried to recover again:But still RMAN-06054 error.Than I wrote: run{ SET UNTIL SEQUENCE 9 THREAD 1; RESTORE DATABASE; RECOVER DATABASE; } It helped me to recover database...But after that when I do the backup and then recover the same error occurs and solution is the same... I wonder to solve this problem without SET UNTIL SEQUENCE 9 THREAD 1; maybe I should unregister this archive log from control file(I am using control file not catalog) Can you tell me how?

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• Is there a Linux mail server with an outgoing pickup directory?

  - by Paul D'Ambra

  On my Exchange server I can drop appropriately formatted text files in the "pickup" directory and Exchange will process them. I'd like to split this bulk mailing functionality onto another box to protect our business mail IP from the bumpy ride that our monthly newsletter gives us. I should note at this point that the mailing is opt-in with an opt out link included and only goes to people who pay to be a member of our organisation The ideal solution for me would be to add a linux box to use just for this purpose so we're not paying for Exchange licenses. So is there a linux equivalent of the Exchange pickup directory?

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• Is there a Linux mail server with an outgoing pickup directory?

  - by Paul D'Ambra

  On my Exchange server I can drop appropriately formatted text files in the "pickup" directory and Exchange will process them. I'd like to split this bulk mailing functionality onto another box to protect our business mail IP from the bumpy ride that our monthly newsletter gives us. I should note at this point that the mailing is opt-in with an opt out link included and only goes to people who pay to be a member of our organisation The ideal solution for me would be to add a linux box to use just for this purpose so we're not paying for Exchange licenses. So is there a linux equivalent of the Exchange pickup directory?

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• (How) does deleting open files on Linux and a FAT file system work?

  - by lxgr

  It's clear to me how deleting open files works on filesystems that use inodes - unlink() just decreases the link count to zero, and when the last file handle to the file is closed, the inode will be removed. But how does it work when using a file system that doesn't use inodes, like FAT32, with Linux? Some experiments suggest that deleting open files is still possible (unlike on Windows, where the unlink call wouldn't succeed), but what happens when the file system is uncleanly unmounted? How does Linux mark the files as unlinked, when the file system itself doesn't support such an operation? Is the directory entry just deleted, but retained in memory (that would guarantee deletion after unmounting in any case, but would leave the file system in an inconsistent state), or will the deletion only be marked in memory, and written at the time the last file handle is closed, avoiding possible corruption, but restoring the deleted files after an unclean unmount?

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• Best virtualization solution for running Linux under Mac OS X?

  - by grumbles

  I'd like to run a virtualized Ubuntu instance under Mac OS X (10.6). I've used VirtualBox in the past, but am looking for something that will be faster, and don't mind paying for either Parallels Desktop or VMWare Fusion. Does anyone have experience running Linux guests under either or both programs? I'm primarily interested in doing software development on the Linux guest installation, but I'm also very concerned with the performance and responsiveness the guest OS. I have a mid-2010 15" MacBook Pro (2.66 GHz i5, 8 GB of RAM, NVIDIDA GeForce GT 330M). Thanks!

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• Best command line you use in Unix/Linux shell ? [closed]

  - by Nadir SOUALEM

  What is the best command line you use or you have ever seen in Unix/Linux shell ?

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• Boot custom linux up by pressing Lenovo OKR button?

  - by Semmu

  I have a Lenovo Y510p laptop and I'm a Linux user, use Windows only for gaming. The device had no OS when I bought it and I also installed an SSD besides the 1TB hard drive. I would like to "hack" the One-Key-Recovery button, because I have no interest in its default behaviour (I don't need Windows recovery), but if I could boot up a hidden, fail-safe Linux with it, that would be great. How could I achieve it? I tried to search what the button does, but I only found some installers for Windows that could magically create a partition for the recovery. I would like to override this behaviour completely to boot up something else.

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• Performance impact of running Linux in a virtual machine in Windows?

  - by vovick

  Hello, I'd like to know what performance impact I could expect running Linux in a virtual machine in Windows. The job I need Linux for is heavy and almost non-stop code compilation with GCC. Dual-boot doesn't look like a very attractive solution, so I'm counting on low VM overhead right now (10-20% would be fine for me, but 50% or more will be unacceptable). Did anyone try to measure the performance difference, are there any comparison tables? What virtual machine with the lowest overhead possible will you suggest? My host OS is Win7 and I've got a modern Core i7 with VT-x present. Thanks!

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• Why is it possible to change the password of an admin user on linux?

  - by enum

  A few days ago, a friend of mine, wanted to show me that he can use my linux even if I don't tell him my password. He entered in GRUB, selected the recovery mode option. My first problem is that he already had access to my files (read only). He tried to do passwd but failed. Then he did some kind of remount (I guess that gave him write rights) and after that he was able to change my password. Why is this possible? I personally see it a security issue. Where I work there are several people that use linux and neither of them have a BIOS password set or some other kind of security wall.

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• Turn 2 USB type A ports (receptacles) into an extension cable with 2 type A receptacles using Linux?

  - by Tianyang Li

  I'm currently trying to connect 2 USB devices together, but both ends are type A plugs. Before I buy a physical extension cords with 2 type A receptacles, I'd like to know if I can connect these 2 devices together at all by passing data "transparently" through a Linux box with = 2 USB ports. I'm actually trying to connect a keyboard to an Android phone, and I want to first try if it can work by using a Linux box as a "virtual" USB extension cord. Has anybody done something like this before? Thanks!

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• again again again…. it is Oracle Open World 2012

  - by JuergenKress

  Again… again I crashed my knee during kite surfing. Again the right knee, again the outside meniscus, again the same doctor, again the same operation, again they could sew my meniscus, again the same physiotherapy… again I will miss OOW. OOW session you should not miss Oracle PartnerNetwork Exchange Middleware stream Focus on SOA and BPM Focus on BPM For OFM Partner Advisory Councils please contact [email protected] Keynotes and General sessions to attend: Thomas Kurian: Tuesday, October 2 8:45 a.m. 9:45 a.m., Moscone North, Hall D Hasan Rizvi: General session middleware: Tuesday, October 3 10:15 am 11:15 am, Moscone North, Hall D If you can’t make it to San Francisco watch the keynotes live on-demand Tips and tricks for OOW Plan your visit well in advance! Which keynotes & session do you want to attend? Demo Grounds are highly recommended and the best of OOW! Which 1:1 meetings do you want to arrange? Attend a Partner or Customer Advisory Council? Attend a Country or Community Reception? Attire during OOW: casual clothing, comfortable shoes and light luggage! Do not forget to drink water. Sign an international travel and health insurance before you leave home! What we want from you! Send your tweets: twitter.com/soacommunity @soacommunity and share your pictures at http://www.facebook.com/soacommunity SOA & BPM Partner Community For regular information on Oracle SOA Suite become a member in the SOA & BPM Partner Community for registration please visit  www.oracle.com/goto/emea/soa (OPN account required) If you need support with your account please contact the Oracle Partner Business Center. Blog Twitter LinkedIn Mix Forum Technorati Tags: OOW,Oracle Open World,SOA Community,Oracle SOA,Oracle BPM,BPM,Community,OPN,Jürgen Kress

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• again again again…. it is Oracle Open World 2012

  - by JuergenKress

  Again… again I crashed my knee during kite surfing. Again the right knee, again the outside meniscus, again the same doctor, again the same operation, again they could sew my meniscus, again the same physiotherapy… again I will miss OOW. OOW session you should not miss Oracle PartnerNetwork Exchange Middleware stream CAF Overall (WebLogic Server, Tuxedo, Coherence, Java Cloud Service, GlassFish) Oracle WebLogic Server Oracle Coherence Java Cloud Service GlassFish Traffic Director Tuxedo For OFM Partner Advisory Councils please contact [email protected] Keynotes and General sessions to attend: Thomas Kurian: Tuesday, October 2 8:45 a.m. 9:45 a.m., Moscone North, Hall D Hasan Rizvi: General session middleware: Tuesday, October 3 10:15 am 11:15 am, Moscone North, Hall D If you can’t make it to San Francisco watch the keynotes live on-demand Tips and tricks for OOW Plan your visit well in advance! Which keynotes & session do you want to attend? Demo Grounds are highly recommended and the best of OOW! Which 1:1 meetings do you want to arrange? Attend a Partner or Customer Advisory Council? Attend a Country or Community Reception? Attire during OOW: casual clothing, comfortable shoes and light luggage! Do not forget to drink water. Sign an international travel and health insurance before you leave home! What we want from you! Send your tweets: http://twitter.com/wlscommunity and @wlscommnity share your pictures at http://www.facebook.com/WebLogicCommunity WebLogic Partner Community For regular information become a member in the WebLogic Partner Community please visit: http://www.oracle.com/partners/goto/wls-emea ( OPN account required). If you need support with your account please contact the Oracle Partner Business Center. Blog Twitter LinkedIn Mix Forum Wiki Technorati Tags: Oracle Open World,OOW,WebLogic,WebLogic Community,Oracle,OPN,Jürgen Kress

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• Floating Panels and Describe Windows in Oracle SQL Developer

  - by thatjeffsmith

  One of the challenges I face as I try to share tips about our software is that I tend to assume there are features that you just ‘know about.’ Either they’re so intuitive that you MUST know about them, or it’s a feature that I’ve been using for so long I forget that others may have never even seen it before. I want to cover two of those today - Describe (DESC) – SHIFT+F4 Floating Panels My super-exciting desktop SQL Developer and Describe DESC or Describe is an Oracle SQL*Plus command. It shows what a table or view is composed of in terms of it’s column definition. Here’s an example: SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Sep 21 14:25:37 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> desc beer; Name Null? Type ----------------------------------------- -------- ---------------------------- BREWERY NOT NULL VARCHAR2(100) CITY VARCHAR2(100) STATE VARCHAR2(100) COUNTRY VARCHAR2(100) ID NUMBER SQL> You can get the same information – and a good bit more – in SQL Developer using the SQL Developer DESC command. You invoke it with SHIFT+F4. It will open a floating (non-modal!) window with the information you want. Here’s an example: I can see my column definitions, constratins, stats, privs, etc A few ‘cool’ things you should be aware of: I can open as many as I want, and still work in my worksheet, browser, etc. I can also DESC an index, user, or most any other database object I can of course move them off my primary desktop display The DESC panel’s are read-only. I can’t drop a constraint from within the DESC window of a given table. But for dragging columns into my worksheet, and checking out the stats for my objects as I query them – it’s very, very handy. Try This Right Now Type ‘scott.emp’ (or some other table you have), place your cursor on the text, and hit SHIFT+F4. You’ll see the EMP object open. Now click into a column name in the columns page. Drag it into your worksheet. It will paste that column name into your query. This is an alternative for those that don’t like our code insight feature or dragging columns off the connection tree (new for v3.2!) Got it? SQL Developer’s Floating Panels Ok, let’s talk about a similar feature. Did you know that any dockable panel from the View menu can also be ‘floated?’ One of my favorite features is the SQL History. Every query I run is recorded, and I can recall them later without having to remember what I ran and when. And I USUALLY use the keyboard shortcuts for this. Let your trouble float away…if only it were so easy as a right-click in the real world. But sometimes I still want to see my recall list without having to give up my screen real estate. So I just mouse-right click on the panel tab and select ‘Float.’ Then I move it over to my secondary display – see the poorly lit picture in the beginning of this post. And that’s it. Simple, I know. But I thought you should know about these two things!

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• Have you registered? Oracle 'In Touch' PartnerCast: Be prepared for a year of growth

  - by Julien Haye

  Hi there Oracle Partners, We hope you’ve seen our recent blog post regarding the next Oracle ‘In Touch’ PartnerCast? Hosted by David Callaghan, Senior Vice President EMEA Alliances and Channels, to be broadcast on Tuesday 1st July 2014 from 10:30am UK/11:30am CET. David and his studio guests will be discussing the latest news from Oracle; including highlights of FY14, Strategic themes for FY15 and SaaS. We will also have an exclusive for ‘In Touch’ whereby David interviews Senior Vice President, Global Alliances & Channels, Rich Geraffo, on what the FY15 Oracle Global Partner Kick Off means for EMEA Oracle Partners. Also, David provides your chance to hear from some of the newly appointed Oracle Worldwide A&C Leadership Team. Got a question for David and his guests? Get in touch on Twitter using the hashtag #OracleInTouch or by emailing [email protected] to get your questions featured in the cast! To find out more information and to watch previous episodes on-demand, please visit our webpage here. We hope you can make it! Oracle EMEA Alliances & Channels

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• Venez nous voir au Forum Oracle Big Data le 5 avril !

  - by Kinoa

  Le Big Data vient de plus en plus souvent au devant de la scène et vous souhaitez en apprendre davantage ? Générés à partir des réseaux sociaux, de capteurs numériques et autres équipements mobiles, les Big Data - autrement dits, d'énormes volumes de données - constituent une mine d'informations précieuses sur vos activités et les comportements de vos clients. Votre challenge aujourd’hui consiste à gérer l’acquisition, l’organisation et la compréhension de ces volumes de données non structurées, et à les intégrer dans votre système d’information. Vous avez des questions ? Ca vous parait complexe ? Alors le Forum Oracle Bid Data organisé par Oracle et Intel est fait pour vous !   Nous aborderons plusieurs points : Accélération du déploiement de Big Data par l'approche intégrée du hardware et du software Mise à disposition de tous les outils nécessaires au processus complet, de l'acquisition des données à la restitution Intégration de Big Data dans votre système d'information pour fournir aux utilisateurs la quintessence de l'information Nous vous avons concocté un programme des plus alléchant pour cette journée du 5 avril : 9h00 Accueil et remise des badges 9h30 Big Data : The Industry View. Are you ready ?Johan Hendrickx, Core Technology Director, Oracle EMEA Keynote : Big Data – Are you ready ? George Lumpkin, Vice President of DW Product Management, Oracle Corporation Acquisition des données dans votre Big Dataavec Hadoop et Oracle NoSQL Pause Organisez et structurez l'information au sein de votre Big Data avec Big Data Connectors et Oracle Data Integrator Tirez parti des analyses des données de votre Big Dataavec Oracle Endeca et Oracle Business Intelligence 13h00 Cocktail déjeunatoire Le nombre de places est limité, pensez à vous inscrire dès maintenant. Lieu :  Maison de la Chimie28 B, rue Saint Dominique 75007 Paris

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• April 12 EBS Webcast: Value Chain Planning 12.1.3.6 Rapid Planning Enhancements

  - by Oracle_EBS

  ADVISOR WEBCAST: 12.1.3.6 Rapid Planning EnhancementsPRODUCT FAMILY: Value Chain Planning April 12, 2012 at 11 am ET, 9 am MT, 8 am PT This one-hour session is recommended for functional users who work on the implementation of Oracle Rapid Planning, and Consultants interested in the latest Oracle Rapid Planning features and enhancements available through VCP version 12.1.3.6. This webcast will discuss Safety Stock Calculation Using Quantities, Substitution Logic, and RP-CP Collaboration.TOPICS WILL INCLUDE: Provide insight on the latest enhancements that are available in Oracle Rapid Planning. Learn what is available in this version compared to earlier versions. Version changes. A short, live demonstration (only if applicable) and question and answer period will be included. Oracle Advisor Webcasts are dedicated to building your awareness around our products and services. This session does not replace offerings from Oracle Global Support Services. Current Schedule can be found on Note 740966.1 Post Presentation Recordings can be found on Note 740964.1

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• Value Chain Planning in Las Vegas

  - by Paul Homchick

  Several Oracle Value Chain Planning experts will be presenting at the Mandalay Bay Convention Center in Las Vegas, for Collaborate 2010- April 18th- 22nd, 2010. We have five sessions as follows: Monday, April 19, 1:15 pm - 2:15 pm, Breakers H, Roger Goossens Oracle VCP Vice President Leveraging Oracle Value Chain Planning for Your Planning Business Transformation Monday, April 19, 3:45 pm - 4:45 pm, Breakers I, Scott Malcolm, Oracle VCP Development Complex Supply Chain Planning Made Easy: Introducing Oracle Rapid Planning Tuesday, April 20, 2:00 pm - 3:00 pm, Breakers I, John Bermudez, Oracle VCP Strategy Synchronize Your Financial and Operating Plans with Oracle Integrated Business Planning Wednesday, April 21, 10:30 am - 11:30 am, Breakers I, Vikash Goyal, Oracle VCP Strategy Oracle Demantra: What's New? Wednesday, April 21, 2:15 pm - 3:15 pm, Mandalay Bay Ballroom A, Roger Goossens Oracle VCP Vice President Value Chain Planning for JD Edwards EnterpriseOne We will also be in the demogrounds, so stop by to see the latest VCP innovations from Oracle and talk to our experts.

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• Protecting offline IRM rights and the error "Unable to Connect to Offline database"

  - by Simon Thorpe

  One of the most common problems I get asked about Oracle IRM is in relation to the error message "Unable to Connect to Offline database". This error message is a result of how Oracle IRM is protecting the cached rights on the local machine and if that cache has become invalid in anyway, this error is thrown. Offline rights and security First we need to understand how Oracle IRM handles offline use. The way it is implemented is one of the main reasons why Oracle IRM is the leading document security solution and demonstrates our methodology to ensure that solutions address both security and usability and puts the balance of these two in your control. Each classification has a set of predefined roles that the manager of the classification can assign to users. Each role has an offline period which determines the amount of time a user can access content without having to communicate with the IRM server. By default for the context model, which is the classification system that ships out of the box with Oracle IRM, the offline period for each role is 3 days. This is easily changed however and can be as low as under an hour to as long as years. It is also possible to switch off the ability to access content offline which can be useful when content is very sensitive and requires a tight leash. So when a user is online, transparently in the background, the Oracle IRM Desktop communicates with the server and updates the users rights and offline periods. This transparent synchronization period is determined by the server and communicated to all IRM Desktops and allows for users rights to be kept up to date without their intervention. This allows us to support some very important scenarios which are key to a successful IRM solution. A user doesn't have to make any decision when going offline, they simply unplug their laptop and they already have their offline periods synchronized to the maximum values. Any solution that requires a user to make a decision at the point of going offline isn't going to work because people forget to do this and will therefore be unable to legitimately access their content offline. If your rights change to REMOVE your access to content, this also happens in the background. This is very useful when someone has an offline duration of a week and they happen to make a connection to the internet 3 days into that offline period, the Oracle IRM Desktop detects this online state and automatically updates all rights for the user. This means the business risk is reduced when setting long offline periods, because of the daily transparent sync, you can reflect changes as soon as the user is online. Of course, if they choose not to come online at all during that week offline period, you cannot effect change, but you take that risk in giving the 7 day offline period in the first place. If you are added to a NEW classification during the day, this will automatically be synchronized without the user even having to open a piece of content secured against that classification. This is very important, consider the scenario where a senior executive downloads all their email but doesn't open any of it. Disconnects the laptop and then gets on a plane. During the flight they attempt to open a document attached to a downloaded email which has been secured against an IRM classification the user was not even aware they had access to. Because their new role in this classification was automatically synchronized their experience is a good one and the document opens. More information on how the Oracle IRM classification model works can be found in this article by Martin Abrahams. So what about problems accessing the offline rights database? So onto the core issue... when these rights are cached to your machine they are stored in an encrypted database. The encryption of this offline database is keyed to the instance of the installation of the IRM Desktop and the Windows user account. Why? Well what you do not want to happen is for someone to get their rights for content and then copy these files across hundreds of other machines, therefore getting access to sensitive content across many environments. The IRM server has a setting which controls how many times you can cache these rights on unique machines. This is because people typically access IRM content on more than one computer. Their work desktop, a laptop and often a home computer. So Oracle IRM allows for the usability of caching rights on more than one computer whilst retaining strong security over this cache. So what happens if these files are corrupted in someway? That's when you will see the error, Unable to Connect to Offline database. The most common instance of seeing this is when you are using virtual machines and copy them from one computer to the next. The virtual machine software, VMWare Workstation for example, makes changes to the unique information of that virtual machine and as such invalidates the offline database. How do you solve the problem? Resolution is however simple. You just delete all of the offline database files on the machine and they will be recreated with working encryption when the Oracle IRM Desktop next starts. However this does mean that the IRM server will think you have your rights cached to more than one computer and you will need to rerequest your rights, even though you are only going to be accessing them on one. Because it still thinks the old cache is valid. So be aware, it is good practice to increase the server limit from the default of 1 to say 3 or 4. This is done using the Enterprise Manager instance of IRM. So to delete these offline files I have a simple .bat file you can use; Download DeleteOfflineDBs.bat Note that this uses pskillto stop the irmBackground.exe from running. This is part of the IRM Desktop and holds open a lock to the offline database. Either kill this from task manager or use pskillas part of the script.

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