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• Can I optimize this mod_wsgi / apache file better?

  - by tomwolber

  Hi! I am new to Django/Python/ mod_wsgi, and I was wondering if I could optimize this file to reduce memory usage: ServerRoot "/home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/apache2" LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so LoadModule wsgi_module modules/mod_wsgi.so LogFormat "%{X-Forwarded-For}i %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined CustomLog /home/<foo>/logs/user/access_django_wsgi.log combined ErrorLog /home/<foo>/logs/user/error_django_wsgi.log KeepAlive Off Listen 12345 MaxSpareThreads 3 MinSpareThreads 1 MaxClients 5 MaxRequestsPerChild 300 ServerLimit 4 HostnameLookups Off SetEnvIf X-Forwarded-SSL on HTTPS=1 ThreadsPerChild 5 WSGIDaemonProcess django_wsgi processes=5 python-path=/home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi:/home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/lib/python2.6 threads=1 WSGIPythonPath /home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi:/home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/lib/python2.6 WSGIScriptAlias /auctions /home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/auctions.wsgi WSGIScriptAlias /achievers /home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/achievers.wsgi

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• Can not run ifconfig like commands via browser

  - by savruk

  Problem is I cannot run "ifconfig" or similar commands via browser. Environment: Programming language : python Server : lighttpd(CGI) , running on busybox. Well machine is really small and so I am really restricted. Tried techniques: chown every script to root. But there is no differences. Why? Because lighttpd runs under another user, I mean not under root. As it is not root, when I try to run script from browser it always calls the python file with its uid. So it makes it impossible to run "ifconfig eth0 192.168.2.123" like commands via web browser. I get "ifconfig: SIOCSIFADDR: Permission denied" error. What can I do? I do not have any sudoers file, so cannot modify sudo command. Well, I don't even have "sudo" command :) Thanks for your help

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• Wireshark vs Netmon for precise time tagging

  - by Nic

  I'm using Wireshark to time tag and get some statistics on multicast traffic. When there is not much traffic, the stats looks good, but as soon as there is a bunch of packets arriving at the same time, I have stats that are not even possible (e.g. round trip time of 0ms) I'm wondering if Netmon could be more precise in time tagging packet because it is not relying on the Winpcap driver? Does anybody already faced the same situation? Thanks a lot, Nic

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• Google App Engine says "Must authenticate first." while trying to deploy any app

  - by Oleksandr Bolotov

  Google App Engine says "Must authenticate first." while trying to deploy any app: me@myhost /opt/google_appengine $ python appcfg.py update ~/sda2/workspace/lyapapam/ Application: lyapapam; version: 1. Server: appengine.google.com. Scanning files on local disk. Scanned 500 files. Scanned 1000 files. Initiating update. Email: <my_email_was_here>@gmail.com Password for <my_email_was_here>@gmail.com: Error 401: --- begin server output --- Must authenticate first. --- end server output --- We are getting this message with any appliation and under any developer account avialable to us That's what we have installed: App Engine SDK - 1.3.2 PIL - 1.1.7 Python - 2.5.5 pip - 0.6.3 ssl - 1.15 wsgiref - 0.1.2 So, what can it be? Is it well known problem?

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• What's the difference between WSGI <app> and <module>?

  - by Leftium

  I followed these instructions to serve Python (Web2Py) via uWSGI. However, the web server returned an error: uWSGI Error Python application not found until I modified the config.xml config file from: <uwsgi> <pythonpath>/var/web2py/</pythonpath> <app mountpoint="/"> <script>wsgihandler</script> </app> </uwsgi> to: <uwsgi> <pythonpath>/var/web2py/</pythonpath> <module>wsgihandler</module> </uwsgi> What's the difference between <app> and <module>? Why did <module> work, but not <app>?

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• Setting up scripts in Amazon EC2 Cloud

  - by racket99

  Hello, I am currently running a few perl and python scripts on a windows pc and would like to port over to the Amazon EC2 servers running 64-bit LINUX. The scripts are basic web scrapers that go to a variety of websites, get data and then save daily as csv files. I would like to install these in the cloud and get them running in an automated way so that they will run without my intervention. Also given that I don't want to lose all the data if the instance crashes, I should also upload the csv files to Amazon S3. Any idea how I can do this? I am not terribly versed in LINUX nor do I know Perl/Python well. What is the best way for me to tackle thi

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• How do I upgrade Django 1.3.1 to 1.4? Any tips, tutorials, or warnings?

  - by hobbes3

  Django 1.4 was recently released. Almost all the information about Django 1.4 is in the release note, but I didn't see anything about how to upgrade. Should I just remove the django folder inside Python's site-packges and download 1.4? I think I originally installed Django using emerge and yum but I'm not sure if the package management systems are up-to-date with Django 1.4 yet. That might be ok on my server instance (Gentoo Linux), but on my local instance I am using virtualenvwrapper (on Mac OS 10.7), so maybe I want to create a new Python virtual environment for Djago 1.4. Or maybe not since I don't really care about backward compatibility with 1.3.1.

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• NTP daemon or ntpdate doesn't synchronize

  - by user2862333

  I'm having some problems with synchronization with an NTP server. 1) The NTP daemon doesn't sync the system clock at all, even though it's running (confirmed with /etc/init.d/ntp status). Forcing to sync with ntpd -q or ntpd -gq does not work either. 2) Stopping the NTP daemon and syncing manually with ntpdate does give me the following output: ~# ntpdate -d 0.debian.pool.ntp.org 6 Nov 16:48:53 ntpdate[4417]: ntpdate [email protected] Sat May 12 09:07:19 UTC 2012 (1) transmit(79.132.237.5) receive(79.132.237.5) transmit(85.234.197.2) receive(85.234.197.2) transmit(194.50.97.34) receive(194.50.97.34) transmit(79.132.237.1) receive(79.132.237.1) transmit(79.132.237.5) receive(79.132.237.5) transmit(85.234.197.2) receive(85.234.197.2) transmit(194.50.97.34) receive(194.50.97.34) transmit(79.132.237.1) receive(79.132.237.1) transmit(79.132.237.5) receive(79.132.237.5) transmit(85.234.197.2) receive(85.234.197.2) transmit(194.50.97.34) receive(194.50.97.34) transmit(79.132.237.1) receive(79.132.237.1) transmit(79.132.237.5) receive(79.132.237.5) transmit(85.234.197.2) receive(85.234.197.2) transmit(194.50.97.34) receive(194.50.97.34) transmit(79.132.237.1) receive(79.132.237.1) server 79.132.237.5, port 123 stratum 2, precision -20, leap 00, trust 000 refid [79.132.237.5], delay 0.05141, dispersion 0.00145 transmitted 4, in filter 4 reference time: d624e3b1.f490b90d Wed, Nov 6 2013 16:50:09.955 originate timestamp: d624e457.eaaf787c Wed, Nov 6 2013 16:52:55.916 transmit timestamp: d624e36c.4a7036fd Wed, Nov 6 2013 16:49:00.290 filter delay: 0.08537 0.05141 0.05151 0.06346 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 filter offset: 235.6038 235.6087 235.6095 235.6068 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 delay 0.05141, dispersion 0.00145 offset 235.608782 server 85.234.197.2, port 123 stratum 2, precision -20, leap 00, trust 000 refid [85.234.197.2], delay 0.05151, dispersion 0.00336 transmitted 4, in filter 4 reference time: d624e3e7.dc6cd02b Wed, Nov 6 2013 16:51:03.861 originate timestamp: d624e458.1c91031f Wed, Nov 6 2013 16:52:56.111 transmit timestamp: d624e36c.7da1d882 Wed, Nov 6 2013 16:49:00.490 filter delay: 0.05765 0.07750 0.06013 0.05151 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 filter offset: 235.6048 235.6014 235.6035 235.6078 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 delay 0.05151, dispersion 0.00336 offset 235.607826 server 194.50.97.34, port 123 stratum 3, precision -23, leap 00, trust 000 refid [194.50.97.34], delay 0.03021, dispersion 0.00090 transmitted 4, in filter 4 reference time: d624e38d.2bce952c Wed, Nov 6 2013 16:49:33.171 originate timestamp: d624e458.4dbbc114 Wed, Nov 6 2013 16:52:56.303 transmit timestamp: d624e36c.b0d38834 Wed, Nov 6 2013 16:49:00.690 filter delay: 0.03030 0.03636 0.03091 0.03021 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 filter offset: 235.6095 235.6085 235.6098 235.6105 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 delay 0.03021, dispersion 0.00090 offset 235.610589 server 79.132.237.1, port 123 stratum 3, precision -20, leap 00, trust 000 refid [79.132.237.1], delay 0.05113, dispersion 0.00305 transmitted 4, in filter 4 reference time: d624dfcb.6acea332 Wed, Nov 6 2013 16:33:31.417 originate timestamp: d624e458.838672ad Wed, Nov 6 2013 16:52:56.513 transmit timestamp: d624e36c.e405181c Wed, Nov 6 2013 16:49:00.890 filter delay: 0.06345 0.05113 0.05681 0.05656 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 filter offset: 235.6087 235.6038 235.6010 235.6074 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 delay 0.05113, dispersion 0.00305 offset 235.603888 6 Nov 16:49:00 ntpdate[4417]: step time server 79.132.237.5 offset 235.608782 sec Clearly, ntpdate can reach the NTP server(s), but after checking the clock, it hasn't changed and is still displaying the wrong time. Any ideas what would be the problem would be much appreciated.

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• View Script Over SSH?

  - by user74781

  A friend, using a remote machine, ran a script that SSHed to my machine, and ran the following python script that resides on my machine: while (1): ....print "hello world" (this script simply prints 'hello world' continuously). I am now logged in to my machine. How can I see the output of the script my friend was running? if it helps, I can 'spot' the script my friend is using: me@home:~$ ps aux | grep justprint.py **friend 7494 12.8 0.3 7260 3300 ? Ss 17:24 0:06 python TEST_AREA/justprint.py** friend 7640 0.0 0.0 3320 800 pts/3 S+ 17:25 0:00 grep --color=auto just what steps should I take in order to view the "hello world" messages on my screen?

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• Getting error while installing mod_wsgi in centos

  - by user825904

  I have reinstalled python with enable shared [root@master mod_wsgi-3.4]# make clean rm -rf .libs rm -f mod_wsgi.o mod_wsgi.la mod_wsgi.lo mod_wsgi.slo mod_wsgi.loT rm -f config.log config.status rm -rf autom4te.cache [root@master mod_wsgi-3.4]# LD_RUN_PATH=/usr/local/lib make apxs -c -I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -DNDEBUG mod_wsgi.c -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib/python2.7/config -lpython2.7 -lpthread -ldl -lutil -lm /usr/lib64/apr-1/build/libtool --silent --mode=compile gcc -prefer-pic -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -DLINUX=2 -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -pthread -I/usr/include/httpd -I/usr/include/apr-1 -I/usr/include/apr-1 -I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -DNDEBUG -c -o mod_wsgi.lo mod_wsgi.c && touch mod_wsgi.slo In file included from /usr/local/include/python2.7/Python.h:8, from mod_wsgi.c:142: /usr/local/include/python2.7/pyconfig.h:1161:1: warning: "_POSIX_C_SOURCE" redefined In file included from /usr/include/sys/types.h:26, from /usr/include/apr-1/apr-x86_64.h:127, from /usr/include/apr-1/apr.h:19, from /usr/include/httpd/ap_config.h:25, from /usr/include/httpd/httpd.h:43, from mod_wsgi.c:34: /usr/include/features.h:162:1: warning: this is the location of the previous definition In file included from /usr/local/include/python2.7/Python.h:8, from mod_wsgi.c:142: /usr/local/include/python2.7/pyconfig.h:1183:1: warning: "_XOPEN_SOURCE" redefined In file included from /usr/include/sys/types.h:26, from /usr/include/apr-1/apr-x86_64.h:127, from /usr/include/apr-1/apr.h:19, from /usr/include/httpd/ap_config.h:25, from /usr/include/httpd/httpd.h:43, from mod_wsgi.c:34: /usr/include/features.h:164:1: warning: this is the location of the previous definition mod_wsgi.c: In function ‘wsgi_server_group’: mod_wsgi.c:991: warning: unused variable ‘value’ mod_wsgi.c: In function ‘Log_isatty’: mod_wsgi.c:1665: warning: unused variable ‘result’ mod_wsgi.c: In function ‘Log_writelines’: mod_wsgi.c:1802: warning: unused variable ‘msg’ mod_wsgi.c: In function ‘Adapter_output’: mod_wsgi.c:3087: warning: unused variable ‘n’ mod_wsgi.c: In function ‘Adapter_file_wrapper’: mod_wsgi.c:4138: warning: unused variable ‘result’ mod_wsgi.c: In function ‘wsgi_python_term’: mod_wsgi.c:5850: warning: unused variable ‘tstate’ mod_wsgi.c:5849: warning: unused variable ‘interp’ mod_wsgi.c: In function ‘wsgi_python_child_init’: mod_wsgi.c:7050: warning: unused variable ‘l’ mod_wsgi.c:6948: warning: unused variable ‘interp’ mod_wsgi.c: In function ‘wsgi_add_import_script’: mod_wsgi.c:7701: warning: unused variable ‘error’ mod_wsgi.c: In function ‘wsgi_add_handler_script’: mod_wsgi.c:8179: warning: unused variable ‘dconfig’ mod_wsgi.c:8178: warning: unused variable ‘sconfig’ mod_wsgi.c: In function ‘wsgi_hook_handler’: mod_wsgi.c:9375: warning: suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value mod_wsgi.c:9377: warning: suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value mod_wsgi.c:9379: warning: suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value mod_wsgi.c:9383: warning: suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value mod_wsgi.c:9403: warning: suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value mod_wsgi.c:9405: warning: suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value mod_wsgi.c:9408: warning: suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value mod_wsgi.c: In function ‘wsgi_daemon_worker’: mod_wsgi.c:10819: warning: unused variable ‘duration’ mod_wsgi.c:10818: warning: unused variable ‘start’ mod_wsgi.c: In function ‘wsgi_hook_daemon_handler’: mod_wsgi.c:13172: warning: unused variable ‘i’ mod_wsgi.c:13170: warning: unused variable ‘elts’ mod_wsgi.c:13169: warning: unused variable ‘head’ mod_wsgi.c: At top level: mod_wsgi.c:8142: warning: ‘wsgi_set_user_authoritative’ defined but not used mod_wsgi.c:15251: warning: ‘wsgi_hook_check_user_id’ defined but not used /usr/lib64/apr-1/build/libtool --silent --mode=link gcc -o mod_wsgi.la -rpath /usr/lib64/httpd/modules -module -avoid-version mod_wsgi.lo -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib/python2.7/config -lpython2.7 -lpthread -ldl -lutil -lm

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• Can I optimize this mod_wsgi / apache file better?

  - by tomwolber

  I am new to Django/Python/ mod_wsgi, and I was wondering if I could optimize this file to reduce memory usage: ServerRoot "/home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/apache2" LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so LoadModule wsgi_module modules/mod_wsgi.so LogFormat "%{X-Forwarded-For}i %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined CustomLog /home/<foo>/logs/user/access_django_wsgi.log combined ErrorLog /home/<foo>/logs/user/error_django_wsgi.log KeepAlive Off Listen 12345 MaxSpareThreads 3 MinSpareThreads 1 MaxClients 5 MaxRequestsPerChild 300 ServerLimit 4 HostnameLookups Off SetEnvIf X-Forwarded-SSL on HTTPS=1 ThreadsPerChild 5 WSGIDaemonProcess django_wsgi processes=5 python-path=/home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi:/home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/lib/python2.6 threads=1 WSGIPythonPath /home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi:/home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/lib/python2.6 WSGIScriptAlias /auctions /home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/auctions.wsgi WSGIScriptAlias /achievers /home/<foo>/webapps/django_wsgi/achievers.wsgi

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• configuring default PYTHONPATH

  - by Shan

  I have Django application and few Django commands that I would execute through cronjobs on CentOS 5. Recently I updated my python-setuptools package, which in-turn update python-devel packages. After performing this update, the default PYTHONPATH settings for the Django commands executed through cronjob are different from the Django application which I execute from shell. Because of this mismatch my old Django cronjobs fail since the required libraries are not in path. How do I resolve this issue and ensure that both the cronjob Django commands and the Django application have the same environment?

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• pyexiv2 build error src/exiv2wrapper.hpp:32:29: error: exiv2/preview.hpp: No such file or directory

  - by Jake

  The other day I used apt-get install python-pyexiv2 on my ubuntu server, but it seems to have given me an old version. It's not compatible with the code I wrote in my local development environment so I'd like to update it. I downloaded the latest tar.gz from the website, extracted it and ran scons as per the readme. But it will not build, I get the error src/exiv2wrapper.hpp:32:29: error: exiv2/preview.hpp: No such file or directory I've also user apt-get to install libboost-python-dev and libexiv2-dev Can anyone help me on this?

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• How to configure Nginx to serve a variety of back-ends via multiple FCGI processes?

  - by Ben Horton

  I've seen a lot of tutorials showing one how to set up PHP/Python/Perl/RoR on nginx via various FCGI processes. None of the tutorials that I found show one how to serve multiple FCGI services off one server. How would one configure the stable nginx (nginx-0.7.64) to serve multiple FCGI processes (one for each of the above languages)? Example addresses for each FCGI process are as follows: 127.0.0.1:8080 - PHP 127.0.0.1:8081 - Python 127.0.0.1:8082 - Perl 127.0.0.1:8083 - Ruby on Rails An example configuration file that shows one how to implement multiple FCGI's off one server is really what I need. Perhaps others will benefit as well.

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• bluetooth connection using pybluez

  - by srj0408

  I am working on bluetooth not exactly on bluetooth stack-development but to use bluetooth in one of my project. I had done all that before using some of the py-bluez commands like hciconfig, hcitool scan , then simple-agents and using serial module inside python. But that was quite random. We were able to connect only one specific device based on its bluetooth address and there was no facility of reconnection once the devices are disconnected. Now i want to try out this stuff in a sequential manner like this (i am doing that all on a RPI and for at present on ubuntu 12.04.) i) Store some names in a file along with some other information with respect to that device. ii) Run a script to find out the device in locality with those names and if any one if found, report that. For this step, i had taken a reference from BTBook , made available from MIT. Below is the script for the same, but that script only search for the single name. from bluetooth import * target_name = "XT1033" target_address = None nearby_devices = discover_devices() for address in nearby_devices: if target_name == lookup_name( address ): target_address = address break if target_address is not None: print "found target bluetooth device with address ", target_address connect_socket(target_address); else: print "could not find target bluetooth device nearby" iii) Connect the device using client sock. But i dont have any device on which i can write a simple python script. My client can be any device that will be publishing data. Now i came through a script in the same book, that actually connect to a client requesting permission to connect to server. from bluetooth import * port = 1 server_sock=BluetoothSocket( RFCOMM ) server_sock.bind(("",port)) server_sock.listen(1) client_sock, client_info = server_sock.accept() print "Accepted connection from ", client_info data = client_sock.recv(1024) print "received [%s]" % data client_sock.close() server_sock.close() here client_sock, client_info = server_sock.accept() provide the client address and port requested to be connected. Can i pass address obtained from the earlier script to this, so that it connect server to the client? iv) Then if client get disconnected, re-connect(a simple polling can be used.) All this stuff can be done using bash and py-bluez functions but i want to do that in a sequential manner.I am not a master in python but i can do some small stuff. Can any one guide me for the same or can direct me to more usefull resource through which i can continue my coding part after finding the "X", "Y" named devices.

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• How can I too many files upload more fast way to Cloud files in Rasckspace?

  - by andy kim

  I have a lot of image files, it's all I want to upload to RackSpace cloud files about a million in a single directory the fastest and most efficient way. but I'm use uploading python-cloudfiles script is very slow and I want to know different ways or python script code. because one by one connection upload is very slow. I think one files tar and uncompress directory is better way. but cloudfiles do not support this way. Who know any other way?

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• How do I make sure that BOTH my server and MYSQL have the same timezone?

  - by Alex

  Because when I create a time in Python scripts..I want it to match MYSQL's time. How do I make BOTH of them pacific time?

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• How to check if a network path exist?

  - by MA1

  What is the best way to know if a network exist using python in linux?

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• Time sync in data center

  - by ak

  We currently have setting to sync time when spread is more than 5 mins, but it's getting to a point where some applications don't accept it. What is best practice out there to sync time for all windows and unix boxes to sync with time server or domain controller. Windows time service is not made for high accuracy less then 10 secs. What are alternatives ?

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• Forbidden - 403 error Apache

  - by philippe

  I was setting my local Apache server to run Python cgi, then I came with the following error: Forbidden You don't have permission to access /hw10/main.cgi on this server. What I've changed on my http config file was: ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/" <Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options FollowSymLinks +ExecCGI Order allow,deny Allow from all Require all granted </Directory> AddHandler cgi-script .cgi .py May someone please help me with that? I was trying to configure my Apache server to run .cgi Python scripts, and I came across that.

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• Modifying / Resetting the Last reboot time

  - by user3711455

  I am trying to recreate a problem I encountered to try to confirm the root causes of it. One of the possible theory is that the problem is being caused because the server hadn't restarted for along time. Since I've already restarted the computer, Is there a way of resetting/modifying the "Last Reboot time" so the computer thinks it hasn't restarted for along time? I am using systeminfo | find "System Boot Time" The computer is running Windows XP Embedded if it helps. Thanks

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• Seriously, It’s Time to Get Your Content Act Together

  - by Mike Stiles

  Branded content, content marketing, social content, brand journalism, we’re seeing those terms more and more. Why? The technology tools are coming together. We should know. We can gather big data, crunch it, listen to the public, moderate, respond, get to know the customer intimately, know what they like, know what they want, we can target, distribute, amplify, measure engagement and reaction, modify strategy and even automate a great deal of all that. An amazing machine, a sleek, smooth-running engine has been built such that all the parts can interact and work together to deliver peak performance and maximum output. But that engine isn’t going anywhere without any gas. Content is the gas. Yes, we curate other people’s content. We can siphon their gas. There’s tech to help with that too. But as for the creation of original, worthwhile content made for a specific audience, our audience, machines can’t do that…at least not yet. Curated content is great. But somebody has to originate the content for it to be curated and shared. And since the need for good, curated content is obviously large and the desire to share is there, it’s a winning proposition for a brand to be a consistent producer of original content. And yet, it feels like content is an issue we’re avoiding. There’s a reluctance to build a massive pipeline if you have no idea what you’re going to run through it. The C-suite often doesn’t know what content is, that it’s different from ads, where to get it, who makes it, how long it should be, what the point of it is if there’s no hard sell of the product, what it costs, how to use it, how to measure it, how to make sure it’s good, or how to make sure it will keep flowing. It could be the reason many brands aren’t pulling the trigger on socially enabling the enterprise. And that’s a shame, because there are a lot of creative, daring, experimental, uniquely talented entertainers and journalists chomping at the bit to execute content for brands. But for many corporate executives, content is “weird,” and the people who make it are even weirder. The content side of the equation is human. It’s art, but art that can be informed by data. The natural inclination is for brands to turn to their agencies for such creative endeavors. But agencies are falling into one of two categories. They’re failing to transition from ads to content. In “Content Era, What’s the Role of Agencies?” Alexander Jutkowitz says agencies were made for one-hit campaigns, not ongoing content. Or, they’re ready and capable but can’t get clients to do the right things. Agencies have to make money, even if it means continuing to do the wrong things because that’s all the client will agree to. So what we wind up with in the pipeline is advertising, marketing-heavy content, content that was obviously created or spearheaded by non-creative executives, random & inconsistent content, copy written for SEO bots, and other completely uninteresting nightmares. Frank Rose, author of “The Art of Immersion,” writes, “Content without story and excitement is noise pollution.” In the old days, you made an ad and inserted it into shows made by people who knew what they were doing. You could bask in that show’s success and leverage their audience. Now, you are tasked with attracting, amassing and holding your own audience. You may just want to make, advertise and sell your widgets. But now there’s a war on for a precious commodity, attention. People are busy. They have filters to keep uninteresting and irrelevant things out. They value their time and expect value back when they give it up. Joe Pulizzi, founder of the Content Marketing Institute, says, "Your customers don't care about you, your products, your services…they care about themselves, their wants and their needs." Is it worth getting serious about content and doing it right? 61% of consumers feel better about a company that delivers custom content (Custom Content Council). Interesting content is one of the top 3 reasons people follow brands on social (Content+). 78% of consumers think organizations that provide custom content want to build good relationships with them (TMG Custom Media). On the B2B side, 80% of business decision makers prefer to get company info in a series of articles vs. an ad. So what’s the hang-up? Cited barriers to content marketing are lack of human resources (42%) and lack of budget (35%). 54% of brands don’t have a single on-site, dedicated content creator. And only 38% of brands have a content marketing strategy. Tech has built the biggest, most incredible stage for brands that’s ever been built. Putting something on that stage is your responsibility. Do a bad show, or no show at all, and you’ll be the beautiful, talented actress that never got discovered. @mikestilesPhoto: Gabriella Fabbri, stock.xchng

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• First time shadow mapping problems

  - by user1294203

  I have implemented basic shadow mapping for the first time in OpenGL using shaders and I'm facing some problems. Below you can see an example of my rendered scene: The process of the shadow mapping I'm following is that I render the scene to the framebuffer using a View Matrix from the light point of view and the projection and model matrices used for normal rendering. In the second pass, I send the above MVP matrix from the light point of view to the vertex shader which transforms the position to light space. The fragment shader does the perspective divide and changes the position to texture coordinates. Here is my vertex shader, #version 150 core uniform mat4 ModelViewMatrix; uniform mat3 NormalMatrix; uniform mat4 MVPMatrix; uniform mat4 lightMVP; uniform float scale; in vec3 in_Position; in vec3 in_Normal; in vec2 in_TexCoord; smooth out vec3 pass_Normal; smooth out vec3 pass_Position; smooth out vec2 TexCoord; smooth out vec4 lightspace_Position; void main(void){ pass_Normal = NormalMatrix * in_Normal; pass_Position = (ModelViewMatrix * vec4(scale * in_Position, 1.0)).xyz; lightspace_Position = lightMVP * vec4(scale * in_Position, 1.0); TexCoord = in_TexCoord; gl_Position = MVPMatrix * vec4(scale * in_Position, 1.0); } And my fragment shader, #version 150 core struct Light{ vec3 direction; }; uniform Light light; uniform sampler2D inSampler; uniform sampler2D inShadowMap; smooth in vec3 pass_Normal; smooth in vec3 pass_Position; smooth in vec2 TexCoord; smooth in vec4 lightspace_Position; out vec4 out_Color; float CalcShadowFactor(vec4 lightspace_Position){ vec3 ProjectionCoords = lightspace_Position.xyz / lightspace_Position.w; vec2 UVCoords; UVCoords.x = 0.5 * ProjectionCoords.x + 0.5; UVCoords.y = 0.5 * ProjectionCoords.y + 0.5; float Depth = texture(inShadowMap, UVCoords).x; if(Depth < (ProjectionCoords.z + 0.001)) return 0.5; else return 1.0; } void main(void){ vec3 Normal = normalize(pass_Normal); vec3 light_Direction = -normalize(light.direction); vec3 camera_Direction = normalize(-pass_Position); vec3 half_vector = normalize(camera_Direction + light_Direction); float diffuse = max(0.2, dot(Normal, light_Direction)); vec3 temp_Color = diffuse * vec3(1.0); float specular = max( 0.0, dot( Normal, half_vector) ); float shadowFactor = CalcShadowFactor(lightspace_Position); if(diffuse != 0 && shadowFactor > 0.5){ float fspecular = pow(specular, 128.0); temp_Color += fspecular; } out_Color = vec4(shadowFactor * texture(inSampler, TexCoord).xyz * temp_Color, 1.0); } One of the problems is self shadowing as you can see in the picture, the crate has its own shadow cast on itself. What I have tried is enabling polygon offset (i.e. glEnable(POLYGON_OFFSET_FILL), glPolygonOffset(GLfloat, GLfloat) ) but it didn't change much. As you see in the fragment shader, I have put a static offset value of 0.001 but I have to change the value depending on the distance of the light to get more desirable effects , which not very handy. I also tried using front face culling when I render to the framebuffer, that didn't change much too. The other problem is that pixels outside the Light's view frustum get shaded. The only object that is supposed to be able to cast shadows is the crate. I guess I should pick more appropriate projection and view matrices, but I'm not sure how to do that. What are some common practices, should I pick an orthographic projection? From googling around a bit, I understand that these issues are not that trivial. Does anyone have any easy to implement solutions to these problems. Could you give me some additional tips? Please ask me if you need more information on my code. Here is a comparison with and without shadow mapping of a close-up of the crate. The self-shadowing is more visible.

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• Android Can't get two virtual joysticks to move independently and at the same time

  - by Cole

  @Override public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub float r = 70; float centerLx = (float) (screenWidth*.3425); float centerLy = (float) (screenHeight*.4958); float centerRx = (float) (screenWidth*.6538); float centerRy = (float) (screenHeight*.4917); float dx = 0; float dy = 0; float theta; float c; int action = event.getAction(); int actionCode = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK; int pid = (action & MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_MASK) >> MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_INDEX_SHIFT; int fingerid = event.getPointerId(pid); int x = (int) event.getX(pid); int y = (int) event.getY(pid); c = FloatMath.sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy); theta = (float) Math.atan(Math.abs(dy/dx)); switch (actionCode) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: case MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN: //if touching down on left stick, set leftstick ID to this fingerid. if(x < screenWidth/2 && c<r*.8) { lsId = fingerid; dx = x-centerLx; dy = y-centerLy; touchingLs = true; } else if(x > screenWidth/2 && c<r*.8) { rsId = fingerid; dx = x-centerRx; dy = y-centerRy; touchingRs = true; } break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: if (touchingLs && fingerid == lsId) { dx = x - centerLx; dy = y - centerLy; }else if (touchingRs && fingerid == rsId) { dx = x - centerRx; dy = y - centerRy; } c = FloatMath.sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy); theta = (float) Math.atan(Math.abs(dy/dx)); //if touching outside left radius and moving left stick if(c >= r && touchingLs && fingerid == lsId) { if(dx>0 && dy<0) { //top right quadrant lsX = r * FloatMath.cos(theta); lsY = -(r * FloatMath.sin(theta)); Log.i("message", "top right"); } if(dx<0 && dy<0) { //top left quadrant lsX = -(r * FloatMath.cos(theta)); lsY = -(r * FloatMath.sin(theta)); Log.i("message", "top left"); } if(dx<0 && dy>0) { //bottom left quadrant lsX = -(r * FloatMath.cos(theta)); lsY = r * FloatMath.sin(theta); Log.i("message", "bottom left"); } else if(dx > 0 && dy > 0){ //bottom right quadrant lsX = r * FloatMath.cos(theta); lsY = r * FloatMath.sin(theta); Log.i("message", "bottom right"); } } if(c >= r && touchingRs && fingerid == rsId) { if(dx>0 && dy<0) { //top right quadrant rsX = r * FloatMath.cos(theta); rsY = -(r * FloatMath.sin(theta)); Log.i("message", "top right"); } if(dx<0 && dy<0) { //top left quadrant rsX = -(r * FloatMath.cos(theta)); rsY = -(r * FloatMath.sin(theta)); Log.i("message", "top left"); } if(dx<0 && dy>0) { //bottom left quadrant rsX = -(r * FloatMath.cos(theta)); rsY = r * FloatMath.sin(theta); Log.i("message", "bottom left"); } else if(dx > 0 && dy > 0) { rsX = r * FloatMath.cos(theta); rsY = r * FloatMath.sin(theta); Log.i("message", "bottom right"); } } else { if(c < r && touchingLs && fingerid == lsId) { lsX = dx; lsY = dy; } if(c < r && touchingRs && fingerid == rsId){ rsX = dx; rsY = dy; } } break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: case MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP: if (fingerid == lsId) { lsId = -1; lsX = 0; lsY = 0; touchingLs = false; } else if (fingerid == rsId) { rsId = -1; rsX = 0; rsY = 0; touchingRs = false; } break; } return true; } There's a left joystick and a right joystick. Right now only one will move at a time. If someone could set me on the right track I would be incredibly grateful cause I've been having nightmares about this problem.

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• First-Time GLSL Shadow Mapping Problems

  - by Locke

  I'm working on building out a 2.5D engine and having massive problems getting my shadows working. I'm at a point where I'm VERY close. So, let's see a picture to see what I have: As you can see above, the image has lighting -- but the shadow map is displaying incorrectly. The shadow map is shown in the bottom left hand side of the screen as a normal 2D texture, so we can see what it looks like at any given time. If you notice, it appears that the shadows are generating backwards in the wrong direction -- I think. But the problem is a little more deep -- I'm just plotting the shadow onto the screen, which I know is wrong -- I'm ignoring the actual test to see if we NEED to show a shadow. The incoming parameters all appear to be correct -- so there has to be something wrong with my shader code somewhere. Here's what my code looks like: VERTEX: uniform mat4 LightModelViewProjectionMatrix; varying vec3 Normal; // The eye-space normal of the current vertex. varying vec4 LightCoordinate; // The texture coordinate of the light of the current vertex. varying vec3 LightDirection; // The eye-space direction of the light. void main() { Normal = normalize(gl_NormalMatrix * gl_Normal); LightDirection = normalize(gl_NormalMatrix * gl_LightSource[0].position.xyz); LightCoordinate = LightModelViewProjectionMatrix * gl_Vertex; LightCoordinate.xy = ( LightCoordinate.xy * 0.5 ) + 0.5; gl_Position = ftransform(); gl_TexCoord[0] = gl_MultiTexCoord0; } FRAGMENT: uniform sampler2D DiffuseMap; uniform sampler2D ShadowMap; varying vec3 Normal; // The eye-space normal of the current vertex. varying vec4 LightCoordinate; // The texture coordinate of the light of the current vertex. varying vec3 LightDirection; // The eye-space direction of the light. void main() { vec4 Texel = texture2D(DiffuseMap, vec2(gl_TexCoord[0])); // Directional lighting //Build ambient lighting vec4 AmbientElement = gl_LightSource[0].ambient; //Build diffuse lighting float Lambert = max(dot(Normal, LightDirection), 0.0); //max(abs(dot(Normal, LightDirection)), 0.0); vec4 DiffuseElement = ( gl_LightSource[0].diffuse * Lambert ); vec4 LightingColor = ( DiffuseElement + AmbientElement ); LightingColor.r = min(LightingColor.r, 1.0); LightingColor.g = min(LightingColor.g, 1.0); LightingColor.b = min(LightingColor.b, 1.0); LightingColor.a = min(LightingColor.a, 1.0); LightingColor *= Texel; //Everything up to this point is PERFECT // Shadow mapping // ------------------------------ vec4 ShadowCoordinate = LightCoordinate / LightCoordinate.w; float DistanceFromLight = texture2D( ShadowMap, ShadowCoordinate.st ).z; float DepthBias = 0.001; float ShadowFactor = 1.0; if( LightCoordinate.w > 0.0 ) { ShadowFactor = DistanceFromLight < ( ShadowCoordinate.z + DepthBias ) ? 0.5 : 1.0; } LightingColor.rgb *= ShadowFactor; //gl_FragColor = LightingColor; //Yes, I know this is wrong, but the line above (gl_FragColor = LightingColor;) produces the wrong effect gl_FragColor = LightingColor * texture2D( ShadowMap, ShadowCoordinate.st ); } I wanted to make sure the coordinates were correct for the shadow map -- so that's why you see it applied to the image as it is below. But the depth for each point seems to be wrong -- the shadows SHOULD be opposite (look at how the image is -- the shaded areas from normal lighting are facing the opposite direction of the shadows). Maybe my matrices are bad or something going in? They're isolated and appear to be correct -- nothing else is going in unusual. When I view from the light's view and get the MVP matrices for it, they're correct. EDIT: Added an image so you can see what happens when I do the correct command at the end of the GLSL: That's the image when the last line is just glFragColor = LightingColor; Maybe someone has some idea of what I screwed up?

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