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• Purpose of getters and setters? [closed]

  - by wrongusername

  Possible Duplicates: Public Data members vs Getters, Setters Purpose of private members in a class What is the use of getters and setters when you can just make your variables public and avoid the hassle of such lines as A.setVariableX(A.getVariableY())?

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• What are the lengths/limits C preprocessor as a language creation tool? Where can I learn more about

  - by Weston C

  In his FAQ @ http://www2.research.att.com/~bs/bs_faq.html#bootstrapping, Bjarne Stroustrup says: To build [Cfront, the first C++ compiler], I first used C to write a "C with Classes"-to-C preprocessor. "C with Classes" was a C dialect that became the immediate ancestor to C++... I then wrote the first version of Cfront in "C with Classes". When I read this, it piqued my interest in the C preprocessor. I'd seen its macro capabilities as suitable for simplifying common expressions but hadn't thought about its ability to significantly add to syntax and semantics on the level that I imagine bringing classes to C took. So now I have a couple of questions on my mind: 1) Are there other examples of this approach to bootstrapping a language off of C? 2) Is the source to Stroustrup's original work available anywhere? 3) Where could I learn more about the specifics of utilizing this technique? 4) What are the lengths/limits of that approach? Could one, say, create a set of preprocessor macros that let someone write in something significantly Lisp/Scheme like?

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• What is the best practice in regards to building composite dtos off of an aggregate root with domain

  - by Chance

  I'm trying to figure out the best approach/practice for assembling a composite data transfer object off of an aggregate root and would love to hear people's thoughts on this. For example, lets say I have a root that has a few domain objects as children. I want to assemble a specific view dto, based on some business logic, that either has attributes or full dto's of it's objects. What I'm struggling with is trying to figure out where that assembly should happen. I can see it going on the domain object of the aggregate root as there is some business logic associated with it. The benefits of this approach from what I've deduced thus far is that it should reduce the inevitable business logic from bleeding outisde of the domain object. It also allows for private methods that take care of tasks that could become more complex from an external builder. The downsides being that the domain object becomes much more entrenched in the application's workflow and represents much more than just the domain object. It also could become very large in the scenario where you need multiple composite Dtos. Alternatively, I could also see it belonging to some form of transfer object assembler where there is a builder for each domain object. The domain objects would still be responsible for GetDto() and UpdateFromDto(dto). Outside of that, the builder would handle the construction and deconstruction of composite dtos. The downside is kind of mentioned above, where I fear this will easily lead to developers unfamiliar with DDD bleeding a ton of business logic into the assembler which is what I want to desperately avoid. Any thoughts would be greatly apperciated.

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• If we make a number every millisecond, how much data would we have in a day?

  - by Roger Travis

  I'm a bit confused here... I'm being offered to get into a project, where would be an array of certain sensors, that would give off reading every millisecond ( yes, 1000 reading in a second ). Reading would be a 3 or 4 digit number, for example like 818 or 1529. This reading need to be stored in a database on a server and accessed remotely. I never worked with such big amounts of data, what do you think, how much in terms of MBs reading from one sensor for a day would be?... 4(digits)x1000x60x60x24 ... = 345600000 bits ... right ? about 42 MB per day... doesn't seem too bad, right? therefor a DB of, say, 1 GB, would hold 23 days of info from 1 sensor, correct? I understand that MySQL & PHP probably would not be able to handle it... what would you suggest, maybe some aps? azure? oracle? ... Thansk!

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• Is there a pattern that allows a constructor to be called only from a specific factory and from nowh

  - by willem

  We have a class, say LegacyUserSettingsService. LegacyUserSettingsService implements an interface, IUserSettingsService. You can get an instance of the IUserSettingsService by calling our ApplicationServicesFactory. The factory uses Spring.NET to construct the concrete LegacyUserSettingsService. The trouble is that new developers sometimes do their own thing and construct new instances of the LegacyUserSettingsService directly (instead of going via the factory). Is there a way to protect the constructor of the concrete class so it can only be called from the factory? A well-known pattern perhaps? Note that the concrete class resides in a different assembly (separate from the Factory's assembly, so the internal keyword is not a solution). The factory assembly references the other assembly that contains the concrete class. Any ideas?

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• How to restrict an access to some of the functions at third level in Classes (OOPs)

  - by Shantanu Gupta

  I have created a class say A which has some functions defined as protected. Now Class B inherits A and class C inherits B. Class A has private default constructor and protected parameterized constructor. I want Class B to be able to access all the protected functions defined in Class A but class C can have access on some of the functions only not all the functions and class C is inheriting class B. How can I restrict access to some of the functions of Class A from Class C ? Class A { private A(){} protected A(int ){} } Class B : A {} CLass C:B { }

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• Working with foreign keys - cannot insert

  - by Industrial

  Hi everyone! Doing my first tryouts with foreign keys in a mySQL database and are trying to do a insert, that fails for this reason: Integrity constraint violation: 1452 Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails Does this mean that foreign keys restrict INSERTS as well as DELETES and/or UPDATES on each table that is enforced with foreign keys relations? Thanks! Updated description: Products ---------------------------- id | type ---------------------------- 0 | 0 1 | 3 ProductsToCategories ---------------------------- productid | categoryid ---------------------------- 0 | 0 1 | 1 Product table has following structure CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `alpha`.`products` ( `id` MEDIUMINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , `type` TINYINT(2) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 , PRIMARY KEY (`id`) , CONSTRAINT `prodsku` FOREIGN KEY (`id` ) REFERENCES `alpha`.`productsToSku` (`product` ) ON DELETE CASCADE, ON UPDATE CASCADE) ENGINE = InnoDB;

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• what is the easiest way to do this function in c# ?

  - by From.ME.to.YOU

  Hello let say that we have an array [5,5] 01,02,03,04,05 06,07,08,09,10 11,12,13,14,15 16,17,18,19,20 21,22,23,24,25 the user should send 2 values to the function (start,searchFOR) for example (13,25) the function should search for that value in this way 07,08,09 12, ,14 17,18,19 if the value is n't found in this level it will goes a level higher 01,02,03,04,05 06, , , ,10 11, , , ,15 16, , , ,20 21,22,23,24,25 if the array is bigger than this and the value didn't found it will go to a level higher Thanks for your help

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• Would ViewModels fit in the Model View Presenter pattern?

  - by Jonn

  Having used ViewModels in MVC, I was wondering if applying the same to the MVP pattern is practical. I only have a few considerations, one being that MVP is already fairly hard to implement (with all the additional coding, not much on the seeming complexity) or that ViewModels already have a slightly similar way of modeling data or entities. Would adding another layer in the form of ViewModels be redundant or is it a logical abstraction that I, as one implementing the MVP pattern, should adhere to?

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• For databases, does choosing the correct data type affect performance?

  - by Citizen

  And if so, why? I mean, is a tinyint faster to search than int? If so, what are the practical differences in performance?

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• Base class with abstract subclasses in C# ?

  - by Nick Brooks

  public abstract class Request { public class Parameters { //Threre are no members here //But there should be in inherited classes } public Request() { parameters = new Parameters(); } public Parameters parameters; } Two questions: How do I make it so I can add stuff to the constructor but the original constructor will still be executed? How do I make it so the subclasses can add members to the Parameters class?

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• What performance overhead do IoC containers involve?

  - by Sosh

  Hi, Loose coupling is wonderful of course, but I have often wondered what overhead wiring up dynamically using an IoC container (for example Castle Windsor) has over a tightly coupled system? I know that a detailed answer would depend on what the IoC was being used for, but I'm really just trying to get a feel for the magnitude of effort involved in the IoC work. Does anyone have any stats or other resources regarding this? Thanks

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• What tools do you use when generating markup from mockups?

  - by Paul

  So I endeavor to spend most of time on the app server side of things but time to time I need to get my hands dirty and generate markup/css/js from a wireframe or mockup. As far as tools go, Ive found browsershots and Litmus app helpful and of course, vm's as well for checking things out live in ie-{6,7,8}. Otherwise I do the heavy lifting in vim. For generating new markup thats not tied to a target design I think some of the css frameworks & tools like sass look useful but Im skeptical of their utility when needing to generate markup to match a photoshop design. So what tips / tools do you keep in your markup generating utility belt when building solid markup from designs? My list so far: Browsershots Browserlab.adobe.com Haml / Less / Sass (not used but will probably explore)

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• Circular dependency with generics

  - by devoured elysium

  I have defined the following interface: public interface IStateSpace<State, Action> where State : IState where Action : IAction<State, Action> // <-- this is the line that bothers me { void SetValueAt(State state, Action action); Action GetValueAt(State state); } Basically, an IStateSpace interface should be something like a chess board, and in each position of the chess board you have a set of possible movements to do. Those movements here are called IActions. I have defined this interface this way so I can accommodate for different implementations: I can then define concrete classes that implement 2D matrix, 3D matrix, graphs, etc. public interface IAction<State, Action> { IStateSpace<State, Action> StateSpace { get; } } An IAction, would be to move up(this is, if in (2, 2) move to (2, 1)), move down, etc. Now, I'll want that each action has access to a StateSpace so it can do some checking logic. Is this implementation correct? Or is this a bad case of a circular dependence? If yes, how to accomplish "the same" in a different way? Thanks

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• Invoicing vs Quoting or Estimating

  - by FreshCode

  If invoices can be voided, should they be used as quotations? I have an Invoices tables that is created from inventory associated with a Job or Order. I could have a Quotes table as a halfway-house between inventory and invoices, but it feels like I would have duplicate data structures and logic just to handle an "Is this a quote?" bit. From a business perspective, quotes are different from invoices: a quote is sent prior to an undertaking and an invoice is sent once it is complete and payment is due, but how to represent this in my repository and model. What is an elegant way to store and manage quotes & invoices in a database? Edit: indicated Job === Order for this particular instance.

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• PHP Frontpage/Page controller

  - by atno

  I using the following as Frontpage/Page Controller(s) and it's working ok so far, except two problems I'm facing which as you can see are the $pages array and the switch, which are actually much much longer as the one I've pasted here. Everytime there is a need for a new page controller I have to add it to $pages array and to switch which makes that list very long. How would you overcome this problem and do you see any other improvement on this code? loadLogic() in page controllers it is used to get functions under pages/controllername/logic/function.php. Frontpage Controller - index.php: include 'common/common.php'; if(!isset($_GET['p']) OR $_GET['p'] == ''){ $_GET['p'] = 'home'; header('Location: index.php?p=home'); } $pages = array('home','register','login','logout','page1','page2','page3'); $_GET['p'] = trim($_GET['p']); if(isset($_GET['p'])){ if(in_array($_GET['p'], $pages)){ switch ($_GET['p']) { case 'home': include 'home.php'; break; case 'register': include 'register.php'; break; case 'login': include 'login.php'; break; case 'logout': include 'logout.php'; break; case 'page1': include 'page1.php'; break; case 'page2': include 'page2.php'; break; case 'page3': include 'page3.php'; break; } }else{ echo '404!'; } } Page Controller - {home,register,login,logout,page1,page2,page3}.php: include 'tpl/common/header.php'; contentStart(); if(isset($_SESSION['logged'])){ loadLogic('dashboard'); }else{ loadLogic('nologin'); } //Display login form in logic page instead links // if(!isset($_SESSION['logged'])){ contentEnd(); loadLogic('nologinForm'); }else{ contentEnd(); include'tpl/common/rcol.php'; } include 'tpl/common/footer.php'; function loadLogic(): function loadLogic($logic) { $path = dirname(__DIR__) . '/pages'; $controller = preg_split('/&/',$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']); $controller = trim($controller[0],"p="); $logicPath = 'logic'; $logic = $logic . '.php'; $err = 0; $logicFullPath = $path.'/'.$controller.'/'.$logicPath.'/'.$logic; if($err == '0'){ include "$logicFullPath"; } } Folder Structure: projectName | ---> common | ---> pages | | | --->home | | | --->register | | | --->login | | | --->logout | | | --->page1 | | | --->page2 | | | --->page3 | ---> tpl | | | ---> common | --> home.php | --> register.php | --> login.php | --> logout.php | --> page1.php | --> page2.php | --> page3.php

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• Join Where Rows Don't Exist or Where Criteria Matches...?

  - by Greg

  I'm trying to write a query to tell me which orders have valid promocodes. Promocodes are only valid between certain dates and optionally certain packages. I'm having trouble even explaining how this works (see psudo-ish code below) but basically if there are packages associated with a promocode then the order has to have one of those packages and be within a valid date range otherwise it just has to be in a valid date range. The whole "if PrmoPackage rows exist" thing is really throwing me off and I feel like I should be able to do this without a whole bunch of Unions. (I'm not even sure if that would make it easier at this point...) Anybody have any ideas for the query? if `OrderPromoCode` = `PromoCode` then if `OrderTimestamp` is between `PromoStartTimestamp` and `PromoEndTimestamp` then if `PromoCode` has packages associated with it //yes then if `PackageID` is one of the specified packages //yes code is valid //no invalid //no code is valid Order: OrderID* | OrderTimestamp | PackageID | OrderPromoCode 1 | 1/2/11 | 1 | ABC 2 | 1/3/11 | 2 | ABC 3 | 3/2/11 | 2 | DEF 4 | 4/2/11 | 3 | GHI Promo: PromoCode* | PromoStartTimestamp* | PromoEndTimestamp* ABC | 1/1/11 | 2/1/11 ABC | 3/1/11 | 4/1/11 DEF | 1/1/11 | 1/11/13 GHI | 1/1/11 | 1/11/13 PromoPackage: PromoCode* | PromoStartTimestamp* | PromoEndTimestamp* | PackageID* ABC | 1/1/11 | 2/1/11 | 1 ABC | 1/1/11 | 2/1/11 | 3 GHI | 1/1/11 | 1/11/13 | 1 Desired Result: OrderID | IsPromoCodeValid 1 | 1 2 | 0 3 | 1 4 | 0

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• how to elegantly duplicate a graph (neural network)

  - by macias

  I have a graph (network) which consists of layers, which contains nodes (neurons). I would like to write a procedure to duplicate entire graph in most elegant way possible -- i.e. with minimal or no overhead added to the structure of the node or layer. Or yet in other words -- the procedure could be complex, but the complexity should not "leak" to structures. They should be no complex just because they are copyable. I wrote the code in C#, so far it looks like this: neuron has additional field -- copy_of which is pointer the the neuron which base copied from, this is my additional overhead neuron has parameterless method Clone() neuron has method Reconnect() -- which exchanges connection from "source" neuron (parameter) to "target" neuron (parameter) layer has parameterless method Clone() -- it simply call Clone() for all neurons network has parameterless method Clone() -- it calls Clone() for every layer and then it iterates over all neurons and creates mappings neuron=copy_of and then calls Reconnect to exchange all the "wiring" I hope my approach is clear. The question is -- is there more elegant method, I particularly don't like keeping extra pointer in neuron class just in case of being copied! I would like to gather the data in one point (network's Clone) and then dispose it completely (Clone method cannot have an argument though).

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• Inheritance vs. common (same named and typed) columns?

  - by Ivan

  What model of these is better? A or B? Considering I have more common columns and many more relations.

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• Reducing a set of non-unique elements via transformations

  - by Andrey Fedorov

  I have: 1) a "starting set" of not-necessarily-unique elements, e.x. { x, y, z, z }, 2) a set of transformations, e.x. (x,z) = y, (z,z) = z, x = z, y = x, and 3) a "target set" that I am trying to get by applying transformations to the starting set, e.x. { z }. I'd like to find an algorithm to generate the (possibly infinite) possible applications of the transformations to the starting set that result in the target set. For example: { x, y, z, z }, y => x { x, x, z, z }, x => z { z, x, z, z }, x => z { z, z, z, z }, (z, z) => z { z, z, z }, (z, z) => z { z, z }, (z, z) => z { z } This sounds like something that's probably an existing (named) problem, but I don't recognize it. Can anyone help me track it down, or suggest further reading on something similar?

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• JSF data transfer between UI and business layer

  - by Ram

  Hi, We are using JSF in UI, Spring in business layer, Hibernate in persistence layer. Now my question is how to pass data from the JSF UI to spring business layer. Can I directly use my business object in my backing bean or should I transfer data between the layer through DTO? Can one explain me with clear explanation if possible with piece of code and that related websites?

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• What all does a compiler add to an empty class declaration?

  - by cambr

  Suppose, I write class A { }; compiler should provide (as and when needed) a constructor a destructor a copy constructor = operator Is this all what the compiler provides? Are there any additions or deletions to this list?

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• C++ visitor pattern handling templated string types?

  - by Steve the Plant

  I'm trying to use the visitor pattern to serialize the contents of objects. However one snag I'm hitting is when I'm visiting strings. My strings are of a templated type, similar to STL's basic_string. So something like: basic_string<char_type, memory_allocator, other_possible_stuff> \\ many variations possible! Since I can have very many different templated string types, I can't go and add them to my visitor interface. It would be ridiculous. But I can't add templates to my VisitString method because C++ prevents using templates parameters in virtual methods. So what are my options to work around this?

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• Is there any way to provide custom factory for .Net Framework creation Entities from EF4 ?

  - by ILICH

  There are a lot of posts about how cool POCO objects are and how Entity Framework 4 supports them. I decided to try it out with domain driven development oriented architecture and finished with domain entities that has dependencies from services. So far so good. Imagine my Products are POCO objects. When i query for objects like this: NorthwindContext db = new NorthwindContext(); var products = db.Products.ToList(); EF creates instances of products for me. Now I want to inject dependencies in my POCO objects (products) The only way I see is make some method within NorthwindContext that makes something like pseudo-code below: public List<Product> GetProducts(){ var products = database.Products.ToList(); container.BuildUp(products); //inject dependencies return products; } But what if i want to make my repository to be more flexible like this: public ObjectSet<Product> GetProducts() { ... } So, I really need a factory to make it more lazy and linq friendly. Please help !

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• Database localization

  - by Don

  Hi, I have a number of database tables that contain name and description columns which need to be localized. My initial attempt at designing a DB schema that would support this was something like: product ------- id name description local_product ------- id product_id local_name local_description locale_id locale ------ id locale However, this solution requires a new local_ table for every table that contains name and description columns that require localization. In an attempt to avoid this overhead I redesigned the schema so that only a single localization table is needed product ------- id localization_id localization ------- id local_name local_description locale_id locale ------ id locale Here's an example of the data which would be stored in this schema when there are 2 tables (product and country) requiring localization: country id, localization_id ----------------------- 1, 5 product id, localization_id ----------------------- 1, 2 localization id, local_name, local_description, locale_id ------------------------------------------------------ 2, apple, a delicious fruit, 2 2, pomme, un fruit délicieux, 3 2, apfel, ein köstliches Obst, 4 5, ireland, a small country, 2 5, irlande, un petite pay, 3 locale id, locale -------------- 2, en 3, fr 4, de Notice that the compound primary key of the localization table is (id, locale_id), but the foreign key in the product table only refers to the first element of this compound PK. This seems like 'a bad thing' from the POV of normalization. Is there any way I can fix this problem, or alternatively, is there a completely different schema that supports localization without creating a separate table for each localizable table? Update: A number of respondents have proposed a solution that requires creating a separate table for each localizable table. However, this is precisely what I'm trying to avoid. The schema I've proposed above almost solves the problem to my satisfaction, but I'm unhappy about the fact that the localization_id foreign keys only refer to part of the corresponding primary key in the localization table. Thanks, Don

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