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• Sftp via shell - how it is possible

  - by Tomasz Zielinski

  (Moved from StackOverflow: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4589725/sftp-via-shell-how-it-is-possible) How is it possible for tools like http://mysecureshell.sourceforge.net/ to provide SFTP access by merely specifying them as shell by typing: usermod -s /bin/MySecureShell myuser ? I'm on Debian Lenny, with default sshd/OpenSSH. Is this e.g. a feature of SSH protocol that allows user shell to handle sftp commands? I can't wrap my head around this because usually OpenSSH needs sftp-server module (or the internal one in newer versions) - and this makes me think that sftp commands don't even hit the shell and are handled earlier or by different code path..

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• Shared FC LVM VG with LVs for each KVM VM. Clvm required?

  - by Cocoabean

  I have 2 virtual machine hosts running Ubuntu 12.04 and KVM managed with libvirt. They are both connected to the same VG which is a LUN on my SAN over FC. I provision LVs on this shared VG for each VM. I don't think I need HA or failover, but I do want live migration between the hosts. Do I need clvm in this case? As long as I don't try to start the same VM on each host should this work? Clvm requires lots of overhead with clustering tools that I don't think I need. I can deal with manually restarting VMs on other hosts in the event of a hardware failure.

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• Comparing zip/compression utilities

  - by Grant Palin

  I've used WinZip, WinRar, and 7zip for packaging and compression. I know the first two are payware, and the last is open source. Despite that, they all seem to serve the same overall purpose. Are there any other distinguishing characteristics that make any of the options stand out? I'm not really looking for a "best" package, but would like to know of noteworthy differences between the common tools. For what it's worth, I do seem to like WinRar. Not sure why, but there it is. If it matters, I'm using Windows 7.

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• diagnose "corrupt file" problems

  - by Matthew

  My computer has been crashing the last couple weeks pretty regularly (at least once a day). A lot of times things I do will display a little notification in the bottom right saying something about a corrupt file. (I'm on Windows XP Pro Service Pack 3). When the computer does crash I get the "blue screen of death" usually. Some of the notifications also advise running the chkdsk utility. I cannot get it to successfully run. Using the command prompt (or even the "tools" menu after right clicking the drive and choosing properties), it will not run the utility (it says "do you want to schedule it to run next boot time" or whatever, which I confirm). The problem is that most of the time after restarting, it doesn't run at all. The few times it does run, it has an error (I can't remember the error right now, it at least says it's ntfs and such) and says disk checking will end. How can I get it to successfully run?

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• WinXP Movie Maker Codec Error

  - by Bob Rivers

  I'm trying to use Windows XP Movie Maker, but when I try to import an AVI video, it shows an error telling me that it wasn't import due to an the fact that the codec wasn't available (I'm able to see the video using the windows media player) First, the error message suggested to enable the option "download codecs automatically" under "tools options general". I did it. But know the error tells me that the codec wasn't available and, if I already installed it, I should reinitialize movie maker. I also already did it... The error msg is: The file D:\movie1.avi cannot be imported because the codec required to play the file is not installed on your computer. If you have already tried to download and install the codec, close and restart Windows Movie Maker, and then try to import the file again. Any hints?

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• Scheduled Jobs during hours of autumn time change

  - by NealWalters

  I'm wondering how other people deal with this scenario. What if you have a job scheduled to run at 1:30 am. In the autumn, when time changes, the hour of 1:00:00 to 1:59:59 repeats itself and so that job would run twice. Could be Windows Task Scheduler, SQL Agent or any other scheduling tool. Most of these tools seem to be based on machine time, not UTC time. If I told it to run the job at UTC time each night, then I wouldn't have the duplicate hour issue.

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• Need help identiying a nasty rootkit in Windows

  - by goofrider

  I have a nasty rootkit that not tools seem to be able to idenity. I know for sure it's a rootkit, but I can figure out which rootkit it is. Here's what I gathered so far: It creates multiple copies of itself in %HOME%\Local Settings\Temp with names like Q.EXE, IAJARZ.exe, etc., and install them as hidden services. These EXE have SysInternals identifiers in them so they're definitely rootkits. It hooked very deep in the system, including file read/write, security policies, registry read/write, and possibly WinSock/TCP/IP. When going to Sophos.com to download their software, the rootkit inject something called Microsoft Ajax Tootkit into the page, which injects code into the email submission form in order to redirect it. (EDIT: I might have panicked. Looks like Sophos does use an AJAZ email form, their form is just broken on Chrome so it looked like a mail form injection attack, the link is http://www.sophos.com/en-us/products/free-tools/virus-removal-tool/download.aspx ) Super-Antispyware found a lot of spyware cookies, in the name of .kaspersky.2o7.net, etc. (just chedk 2o7.net, looks like it's a legit ad company) I tried comparing DNS lookup from the infected systems and from system in other physical locations, no DNS redirections it seems. I used dd to copy the MBR and compared it with the MBR provided by ms-sys package, no differences so it's not infecting MBR. No antivirus or rootkit scanner be able to identify it. Most of them can't even find it. I tried scanning, in-situ (normal mode), in safe mode, and boot to linux live CD. Scanners used: Avast, Sophos anti rootkit, Kasersky TDSSKiller, GMER, RootkitRevealer, and many others. Kaspersky reported some unsigned system files that ought to be signed (e.g. tcpip.sys), and reported a number of MD5 mismatches. But otherwise couldn't identify anything based on signature. When running Sysinternal RootkitRevealer and Sophos AntiRootkit, CPU usage goes up to 100% and gets stucked. The Rootkit is blocking them. When trying running/installing HiJackThis, RootkitRevealer and some other scanners, it tells me system security policy prevent running/installing it. The list of malicious acitivities go on and on. here's a sample of logs from all my scans. In particular, aswSnx.SYS, apnenfno.sys and PROCMON20.SYS has a huge number of hooks. It's hard to tell if the rootkit replaced legit program files like aswSnx.SYS (from Avast) and PROCMON20.SYS (from Sysinternal Process Monitor). I can't find whether apnenfno.sys is from a legit program. Help to identify it is appreciated. Trend Micro RootkitBuster ------ [HIDDEN_REGISTRY][Hidden Reg Value]: KeyPath : HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\sptd\Cfg Root : 586bfc0 SubKey : Cfg ValueName : g0 Data : 38 23 E8 D0 BF F2 2D 6F ... ValueType : 3 AccessType: 0 FullLength: 61 DataSize : 32 [HOOKED_SERVICE_API]: Service API : ZwCreateMutant Image Path : C:\WINDOWS\System32\Drivers\aswSnx.SYS OriginalHandler : 0x8061758e CurrentHandler : 0xaa66cce8 ServiceNumber : 0x2b ModuleName : aswSnx.SYS SDTType : 0x0 [HOOKED_SERVICE_API]: Service API : ZwCreateThread Image Path : c:\windows\system32\drivers\apnenfno.sys OriginalHandler : 0x805d1038 CurrentHandler : 0xaa5f118c ServiceNumber : 0x35 ModuleName : apnenfno.sys SDTType : 0x0 [HOOKED_SERVICE_API]: Service API : ZwDeleteKey Image Path : C:\WINDOWS\system32\Drivers\PROCMON20.SYS OriginalHandler : 0x80624472 CurrentHandler : 0xa709b0f8 ServiceNumber : 0x3f ModuleName : PROCMON20.SYS SDTType : 0x0 HiJackThis ------ O23 - Service: JWAHQAGZ - Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com - C:\DOCUME~1\jeff\LOCALS~1\Temp\JWAHQAGZ.exe O23 - Service: LHIJ - Sysinternals - www.sysinternals.com - C:\DOCUME~1\jeff\LOCALS~1\Temp\LHIJ.exe Kaspersky TDSSKiller ------ 21:05:58.0375 3936 C:\WINDOWS\system32\ati2sgag.exe - copied to quarantine 21:05:59.0217 3936 ATI Smart ( UnsignedFile.Multi.Generic ) - User select action: Quarantine 21:05:59.0342 3936 C:\WINDOWS\system32\BUFADPT.SYS - copied to quarantine 21:05:59.0856 3936 BUFADPT ( UnsignedFile.Multi.Generic ) - User select action: Quarantine 21:05:59.0965 3936 C:\Program Files\CrashPlan\CrashPlanService.exe - copied to quarantine 21:06:00.0152 3936 CrashPlanService ( UnsignedFile.Multi.Generic ) - User select action: Quarantine 21:06:00.0246 3936 C:\WINDOWS\system32\epmntdrv.sys - copied to quarantine 21:06:00.0433 3936 epmntdrv ( UnsignedFile.Multi.Generic ) - User select action: Quarantine 21:06:00.0464 3936 C:\WINDOWS\system32\EuGdiDrv.sys - copied to quarantine 21:06:00.0526 3936 EuGdiDrv ( UnsignedFile.Multi.Generic ) - User select action: Quarantine 21:06:00.0604 3936 C:\Program Files\Common Files\Macrovision Shared\FLEXnet Publisher\FNPLicensingService.exe - copied to quarantine 21:06:01.0181 3936 FLEXnet Licensing Service ( UnsignedFile.Multi.Generic ) - User select action: Quarantine 21:06:01.0321 3936 C:\Program Files\AddinForUNCFAT\UNCFATDMS.exe - copied to quarantine 21:06:01.0430 3936 OTFSDMS ( UnsignedFile.Multi.Generic ) - User select action: Quarantine 21:06:01.0492 3936 C:\WINDOWS\system32\DRIVERS\tcpip.sys - copied to quarantine 21:06:01.0539 3936 Tcpip ( UnsignedFile.Multi.Generic ) - User select action: Quarantine 21:06:01.0601 3936 C:\DOCUME~1\jeff\LOCALS~1\Temp\TULPUWOX.exe - copied to quarantine 21:06:01.0664 3936 HKLM\SYSTEM\ControlSet003\services\TULPUWOX - will be deleted on reboot 21:06:01.0664 3936 C:\DOCUME~1\jeff\LOCALS~1\Temp\TULPUWOX.exe - will be deleted on reboot 21:06:01.0664 3936 TULPUWOX ( UnsignedFile.Multi.Generic ) - User select action: Delete 21:06:01.0757 3936 C:\WINDOWS\system32\Drivers\usbaapl.sys - copied to quarantine 21:06:01.0866 3936 USBAAPL ( UnsignedFile.Multi.Generic ) - User select action: Quarantine 21:06:01.0913 3936 C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Player\vmware-authd.exe - copied to quarantine 21:06:02.0443 3936 VMAuthdService ( UnsignedFile.Multi.Generic ) - User select action: Quarantine 21:06:02.0443 3936 vmount2 ( UnsignedFile.Multi.Generic ) - skipped by user 21:06:02.0443 3936 vmount2 ( UnsignedFile.Multi.Generic ) - User select action: Skip 21:06:02.0459 3936 vstor2 ( UnsignedFile.Multi.Generic ) - skipped by user 21:06:02.0459 3936 vstor2 ( UnsignedFile.Multi.Generic ) - User select action: Skip

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• I run a command twice - I'm wondering if it'll be a problem

  - by Delirium tremens

  "In computing, tee is a command in various command-line interpreters (shells) such as Unix shells, 4DOS/4NT and Windows PowerShell, which displays or pipes the output of a command and copies it into a file or a variable. It is primarily used in conjunction with pipes and filters." I run echo FRAMEBUFFER=y | sudo tee /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/splash twice. I opened the conf.d folder in Nautilus, but there isn't a splash file nor directory. I expected a file to be there with FRAMEBUFFER=y inside but there isn't. Is this going to be a problem?

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• ZFS and SAN -- best practices?

  - by chris

  Most discussions of ZFS suggest that the hardware RAID be turned off and that ZFS should directly talk to the disks and manage the RAID on the host (instead of the RAID controller). This makes sense on a computer with 2-16 or even more local disks, but what about in an environment with a large SAN? For example, the enterprise I work for has what I would consider to be a modest sized SAN with 2 full racks of disks, which is something like 400 spindles. I've seen SAN shelves that are way more dense than ours, and SAN deployments way larger than ours. Do people expose 100 disks directly to big ZFS servers? 300 disks? 3000 disks? Do the SAN management tools facilitate automated management of this sort of thing?

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• Best configuration and deployment strategies for Rails on EC2

  - by Micah

  I'm getting ready to deploy an application, and I'd like to make sure I'm using the latest and greatest tools. The plan is to host on EC2, as Heroku will be cost prohibitive for this application. In the recent past, I used Chef and the Opscode platform for building and managing the server infrastructure, then Capistrano for deploying. Is this still considered a best (or at least "good") practice? The Chef setup is great once done, but pretty laborious to set up. Likewise, Capistrano has been good to me over the past several years, but I thought I'd take some time to look around and seeing if there's been any landscape shifts that I missed.

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• Any program or editor in windows 7 to run ".md" files

  - by Anmol Saraf

  I understand that '.md' is an extension for markdown format. While installing 'Grunt' from GitHub I see a lot of .md extension files inside node_module/grunt/docs folder. As per my understanding these files are supported by GitHub for documentation kind of things if I am not wrong. My question here is - Are there any editors/tools or programs available for Windows 7 where I can see these .md files executing ? When I try to open any of these file inside my text editor it displays in raw format with all '#" etc. keywords. I want to see the formatted version of these files so that without an internet connection also I can navigate the documentation on my machine. Thanks for helping !!

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• USB-Sticks and multiple Partitions

  - by Bobby

  Hello. I've got an USB-Stick with multiple Partitions on it (FAT32 (active), FAT32, Ext2 <-- that's another story) and it seems like that my Windows XP can only mount the first partition of the stick. If I try to mount the second one using the volume manager it tells me that I need to make it active and reboot...is it really that limited or am I just missing something here? Partitions: FAT32, System Rescue CD, bootable and active FAT32, some tools ext2, some data (I know that I need extra drivers etc., but that's not asked here. Edit (Solution): Thanks to the answer with the RMB (ReMoveable Bit) I was able to dig up a solution described at this site (Section: On flash drive only the first partition works). Basically, there's an Hitachi Driver available which filters the RMB on Driver-Level, which just needs to be a little modified to function with basically every USB-Stick. All you need to do is adding the "Device Instance ID" to the driver and then use this driver.

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• How do I mklink junction + move content from C:\Program Files to D:\Program Files?

  - by Matt

  I have a few applications that absolutely refuse to install into anything but C:\Program Files or C:\Program Files(x86). Changing the registry keys for default install folders doesn't seem to provide any satisfaction and so now I'm wondering about throwing a NTFS junction in there to force these pesky applications to cooperate. There are files currently in use within Windows so it's quite likely I am not going to be able to do this within the active OS. Is there some bootable Windows 7 system tools that would allow me to make this happen? Seems I will need the ability to copy files (with permissions!) from one drive to another, as well as make the junction for Windows.

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• Virus blocking incoming connections ?

  - by Benoît

  Hello, on my windows 2003 server, all incoming connections are dropped. I can see them getting in using Wireshark, but even a single ping from another computer fails. All locally initiated connection work fine (i'm asking from the server). This server is the DC/DHCP/DNS/File server, so computer clients are in the dark. I've run varius antivirus and removal tools without any luck. The Windows Firewall is disabled. I'm wild-guessing at some virus/worm. How can i check why these incoming ICMP/TCP SYN/etc are dropped ? Anyone has any knowledge about such situations ? Thanks.

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• How to detect when a user copies files from a server over the network?

  - by Mr. Graves

  I have a few virtual servers + desktops that are used for shared development with remote users, including some consultants. Each user has an account with access to most aspects of the server. I don't want to prevent people from being productive, or track passwords or read emails, but I do want to know when and what files they copy from the virtual server or what they upload from the server to a remote site, and what if any applications they install. This will help make sure my IP is protected, that no one is installing tools they shouldn't, and that things are licensed appropriately. What is the simplest way to do this? In order of importance I would say detecting file transfers off the machine to be most critical. Thanks

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• Create Virtual Image of Laptop before Formatting

  - by Simon Mark Smith

  I have a 3 year old laptop running Windows XP that I used for business. Although I have not used the laptop in over a year, I now want to re-commission it with Windows 7 and a fresh install. Before I do the fresh install I want to create a Virtual Image of the laptop that I can keep and potentially run on my desktop machine should I ever need to access any of the old files/projects that it contains currently. I know that most people will say just copy the files over to your desktop, but my concern is the configuration of the laptop. I used to use it for development and it has older versions of Visual Studio, SQL Server, Active X controls etc, etc than I currently use so I really want to preserve the environment not just the files. So really I am asking what is the best tool-set/method to achieve this? I understand there are free VM tools available but I have never done this before and would appreciate any help.

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• What are the mandatory Linux kernel modules to run inside of ESXi

  - by Marcin

  I'm used to rolling my own kernels for servers, as it nicely minimizes the number of exploits (and the resulting patches) to take care of. In a traditional (bare metal) world, the whole process is about knowing what you have (hardware), and what you need (Ethernet, IPv4, iptables, etc.) In a virtualized environment, some things stay the same (still need Ethernet and IPv4), some things go away (power management), and then there are some new needs (vxnet3, or vmware-tools, even though that's compiled outside of the kernel). So my question mostly concerns itself with the last two categories: what can I remove completely, and what new stuff do I want? For example, what IO scheduler do I want, if all my disk operations are going through another filesystem/scheduler/cache to get to the virtual disk? Do I need hyper-threading enabled, or is the VM going to show them to me anyway as a CPU anyway? Do I need Large Receive Offload turned on, or is that something that the hypervisor's network drivers are going to do for me?

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• creating decision tree based troubleshooting documentation?

  - by Joseph

  We troubleshoot a lot of server and network issues and follow a loose set of steps on what to do in different cases. With more and more people and responsibility, the need for standardization is needed so we don't miss something. I know I could accomplish what I want using flowcharts, but I'd like to do something similar to a "Choose Your Own Adventure" style. I think this is pretty much the same as what support call centers seem to do. Are there any tools to make creating such documentation easier? I'm looking for a web based approach if possible.

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• Write permission when mounting Windows shares from Ubuntu

  - by Ola Tuvesson

  I think I'm close to having my dev environment set up exactly the way I want, but one final snag remains. I'm running VirtualBox on a Windows 7 64bit host, with my dev enviroment inside a Ubuntu 12.04 guest. I want to keep the files for my projects on the host filesystem - partly so I can access them when the Ubuntu guest is not running, but also so I can use Tortoise and other Windows based tools (cough Photoshop), and it also eases my backup scheme somewhat. So I've got a folder "Rails" on my NTFS drive, which I've shared from the host with a user specifically created for the Ubuntu guest. The mount point has been set up and an entry added to fstab (cifs), using a credentials file and the options iocharset=utf8,file_mode=0777,dir_mode=07??77 This mounts fine and my Ubuntu user has both read and write permissions to the contents, but when I try to start my Rails app I get permission errors on any files the app needs to write to (e.g. the log file). What gives?

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• Keeping packages on a large number of openSUSE servers updated

  - by Kamil Kisiel

  Question for anyone out there managing a network of openSUSE machines. How do you keep track of and apply updates? I know about YaST Online Update (YOU) but it seems more geared towards keeping a single machine up to date. It doesn't seem to scale well to a larger number of machines. How do you keep your machines updated? Our network is fairly heterogenous in terms of package installation as the servers are mostly infrastructure machines with varying roles. I know that SUSE Linux Enterprise has tools to manage updates network-wide, but updating to that is currently not an option for budget reasons.

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• hung up troubleshooting packet discards

  - by Chris Satola

  I realize my question is generic, but hopefully someone may have some guidance for me. My network consists of Cisco switches. I am seeing a significant amount (upwards of millions of packets per day) transmit drops between two switches. One being a 3750 and the other a 3560. The peak throughput of this link is only upper 400Mbps, so it shouldn't be a bandwidth issue. At this point, I am sort of clueless where to look or what tools I can use to determine what packets are dropping and why. I can setup a SPAN port on that link and wireshark it, but I don't know if that could tell me anything. Does anyone have any suggestions? Thanks in advance.

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• Un-table a cell range in Excel 2007

  - by Joe

  In Excel 2007, if you highlight a block of cells and then "Format as Table", it doesn't just apply colors and formatting, it somehow marks those cells as being a table. Now I want to get rid of the table, but keep all the cells (i.e. keep the data). So I tried clearing the table style and formatting, but Excel still recognizes those cells as being a table. I can tell because: When I select a cell that was in the table, Excel still displays the "Table Tools / Design" tab I cannot merge cells that were in the table <- this is what's annoying me So, how do I un-table those cells? I want to keep all the cell data and formatting, but have Excel not recognize them as a table.

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• How to set global PATH on OS X Server 10.6.6?

  - by Adam Lindberg

  I'm running Tomcat on OS X Server 10.6.6 under the normal Web component that comes with the OS. This has worked fine so far, but I need to add some entries to the $PATH environment variable for programs that I want access to from the web server (more specifically, I'm running Hudson under Tomcat which needs access to build tools that I have installed). Tomcat and the Web component seems to run under the user _appserver which has a different $PATH than the administrator account. What's the proper way to add a global entry to the $PATH in OS X Server for the Web component? Preferable it should be done only once so that both the _appserver and Administrator user can access the same $PATH. EDIT: Adding the path to /etc/paths or /etc/paths.d/somefile didn't work. Tomcat and Hudson does still not see those directories.

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• SQL SERVER AGENT CAN NOT START

  - by Keith Ph?m

  http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/819/sqlserveragent3.png/ http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/341/sqlserveragent.png/ I still can not start SQL server agent . When Sql server agent just starts and stop immedietly .I don't know what's happening in the middle .. I already login by the Network Service account in configuration tools and assign member role in msmb database for SQL Server agent. Pls give me an advice I use win 7 ultimate , sql server 2008: Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio 10.0.1600.22 ((SQL_PreRelease).080709-1414 ) Microsoft Data Access Components (MDAC) 6.1.7600.16385 (win7_rtm.090713-1255) Microsoft MSXML 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 Microsoft Internet Explorer 9.0.8112.16421 Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0.50727.4971 Operating System 6.1.7600 Thanks

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• 8-bit game creator software

  - by dag729

  Hi, Anyone knows about some 8-bit game creator software that runs under GNU/Linux? I want to make some funny game in my spare time, but I prefer to have a tool (or a set of tools) that will help to keep it just a spare-time-project, thus not involving programming! :D Thanks in advance EDIT: For instance, some month ago I tried FPS Creator, being a frontend of DarkGame Studio. Well, FPS Creator is for a 3D FPS game: what I meant is a software similar to this one, but concening 8-bit'ish game.

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