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  • How can I get the root account to generate an acceptable ssh key?

    - by Jamie
    On an ubuntu machine I did the following: ~$ sudo su - [sudo] password for jamie: root@mydomain:~# ssh-keygen -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: 12:34:56:78:9a:bc:de:f0:12:34:56:78:9a:bc:de:f0 [email protected] The key's randomart image is: +--[ RSA 2048]----+ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +-----------------+ root@mydomain:~# cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh -p 443 [email protected] 'cat > authorized_keys' [email protected]'s password: root@mydomain:~# ssh -p 443 [email protected] [email protected]'s password: It's asking me for a password. However, using a regular account, the following works: $ cd ; ssh-keygen -t rsa ; cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh [email protected] 'cat >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys' $ ssh [email protected] Last login: Thu Oct 24 14:48:41 2013 from 173.45.232.105 [[email protected] ~]$ Which leads me to believe it's not an issue of authorized_keys versus authorized_keys2 or permissions. Why does the 'root' account accessing the remote 'jamie' account not work? The remote machine is CentOS if that's relevant.

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  • Change XRDP keyboard layout to en-gb Ubuntu 12.04

    - by Earl Sven
    Does anybody know how to change the keyboard layout to en-gb in an XRDP session on Ubuntu 12.04? I am using mstsc.exe to connect to an XRDP server hosting an XVNC session, however I cannot work out how to apply the UK keyboard layout. A bit of googling has yeilded these instructions which allow me to change the keymap, however using the keymap file I downloaded from here I loose the ability to use the arrow keys, home/end etc. Comparing the file with the standard one there are substantially more differences than I would expect considering the similarity between the layouts. I only have RDP access to the box so i don't seem to be able to actually generate a new layout per the instructions above, maybe it's a local console thing? Also I can't change either the RDP client used or the RDP server as they are my only access to the system, I don't have local console access. I do have root priveleges on the OS however. Any thoughts? Edit: I have found http:// xrdp.sourceforge.net/documents/keymap/newkeymap.html (apologies for not typing the link properly but the antispam filter won't let me post more than 2 links) this documentation on the XRDP sourceforge page which describes keymap file format. It indicates the values in the keymap files are unicode 0x64 etc, however the files I have already on my system seem to use a different format 0:0 or 65307:27 etc, does anybody know what the difference is?

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  • PXE boot -- kernel not found on TFTP server

    - by user70523
    I followed the following link for PXE boot, http://www.howtoforge.com/setting-up-a-pxe-install-server-on-ubuntu-9.10-p3 and I was able to ping the client from the server and also when I booted up the client It is getting the IP address from the server. But later,I got this error PXELinux 3.82 2009-06-09 . . . [other informations] !PXE Entry point found (we hope) at 9D3B:0109 via plan A UNDI code segment at 9D3B len 16C2 UNDI data segment at 933B len A000 Getting cached packet 01 02 03 . . . [other informations] TFTP prefix: Trying to load: pxelinux.cfg/ec5db4c0-74fe-d511-b9e7-3d9235afe5a1 Trying to load: pxelinux.cfg/01-00-17-31-b6-5e-a8 Trying to load: pxelinux.cfg/0A64491E Trying to load: pxelinux.cfg/0A64491 Trying to load: pxelinux.cfg/0A6449 Trying to load: pxelinux.cfg/0A644 Trying to load: pxelinux.cfg/0A64 Trying to load: pxelinux.cfg/0A6 Trying to load: pxelinux.cfg/0A Trying to load: pxelinux.cfg/0 Trying to load: pxelinux.cfg/default Unable to locate configuration file Boot failed: press a key to retry or wait for reset I have put all the files mentioned in the link in tftpboot. Can anyone explain what could be the problem. Thanks in advance

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  • List full timestamps of files in a tarball

    - by Mechanical snail
    I have a large tar archive and want to see the exact (nanosecond) timestamps that are stored for each file in the archive. In case it's relevant, the tarball is in POSIX-2001 format (tar --format=posix). tar --list --verbose displays the timestamps rounded off to the minute. For comparison, ls --full-time does what I want, but I'd rather not have to extract everything first because it's huge. For my purposes, command-line and GUI tools are both fine.

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  • open_basedir vs sessions

    - by liquorvicar
    On a virtual hosting server I have the open_basedir set to .:/path/to/vhost/web:/tmp:/usr/share/pear for each virtual host. I have a client who's running WordPress and he's complaining about open_basedir errors thus: PHP WARNING: file_exists() [function.file-exists]: open_basedir restriction in effect. File(/var/lib/php/session/sess_42k7jn3vjenj43g3njorrnrmf2) is not within the allowed path(s): (.:/path/to/vhost/web:/tmp:/usr/share/pear) So the PHP session save_path isn't included in open_basedir but sessions across all sites on the server seems to be working fine apart from in this intermittent instance. I thought that perhaps the default session handler ignored open_basedir and this warning was caused by WP accessing the session file directly. However from what I can see PHP 5.2.4 introduced open_basedir checking to the session.save_path config: http://www.php.net/ChangeLog-5.php#5.2.4 (I am on PHP 5.2.13). Any ideas?

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  • ltsp-built-client error

    - by sat
    I am facing some issues while building a thin client using the ltsp-build-client, it says an error. Error is: I: Retrieving Release E: Failed getting release file file://root/ISO/ubuntu-12.04.1-desktop-i386.iso/dists/squeeze/Release error: LTSP client installation ended abnormally My Command is: ltsp-build-client --mirror file://root/ISO/ubuntu-12.04.1-desktop-i386.iso --security-mirror none --accept-unsigned-packages I am referring this URL http://wiki.debian.org/LTSP/Howto. How to solve this error?

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  • Cent OS ifcfg configuration for ranges of IP's with different netmask

    - by Aaron Schlegel
    I have 1 set of 30 public IP's with a netmask of 255.255.255.0 and another set of 30 IP's with a netmask of 255.255.255.128. Both sets of IP's also have different gateways. How can I virtually assign the IP's to the machine? I have tried creating ifcfg-eth0:0 ifcfg-eth0:1 ifcfg-eth0:X ect for each IP. Below is my ifcfg file with. I have this for each IP with the correct gateway IP and netmask for each of my 60 IP's. If I do ip addr show it does show all of the 60 addresses with the correct broadcast IP and netmask. However I can only use 30 of my IP's that are from the same netmask. Am I doing this correctly? If the IP's show up with ip addr show does that mean I have correctly assigned them to the machine virtually? I want to check before I blame my hosting company for not routing the IP's correctly. DEVICE="eth0:1" BOOTPROTO="static" DNS1="**.**.**.**" DNS2="**.**.**.**" GATEWAY="2**.**.***.126" HOSTNAME="localhost.localdomain" HWADDR="0*:19:**:**:**:**" IPADDR="2**.*.**.**" IPV6INIT="no" MTU="1500" NETMASK="255.255.255.128" NM_CONTROLLED="yes" ONBOOT="yes" TYPE="Ethernet" Also is there a better way to do this? I have used ifcfg-eth0:0-range1 before to assign a range of IP's from the same netmask. Is it possible to do this with ranges with different netmask? Thanks!

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  • Best practice for authenticating DMZ against AD in LAN

    - by Sergei
    We have few customer facing servers in DMZ that also have user accounts , all accounts are in shadow password file. I am trying to consolidate user logons and thinking about letting LAN users to authenticate against Active Directory.Services needing authentication are Apache, Proftpd and ssh. After consulting security team I have setup authentication DMZ that has LDAPS proxy that in turn contacts another LDAPS proxy (proxy2) in LAN and this one passes authentication info via LDAP (as LDAP bind) to AD controller.Second LDAP proxy only needed because AD server refuses speak TLS with our secure LDAP implemetation. This works for Apache using appropriate module.At a later stage I may try to move customer accounts from servers to LDAP proxy so they are not scattered around servers. For SSH I joined proxy2 to Windows domain so users can logon using their windows credentials.Then I created ssh keys and copied them to DMZ servers using ssh-copy, to enable passwordless logon once users are authenticated. Is this a good way to implement this kind of SSO?Did I miss any security issues here or maybe there is a better way ofachieving my goal?

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  • Expanding globs in xargs

    - by Craig
    I have a directory like this mkdir test cd test touch file{0,1}.txt otherfile{0,1}.txt stuff{0,1}.txt I want to run some command such as ls on certain types of files in the directory and have the * (glob) expand to all possibilities for the filename. echo 'file otherfile' | tr ' ' '\n' | xargs -I % ls %*.txt This command does not expand the glob and tries to look for the literal 'file*.txt' How do I write a similar command that expands the globs? (I want to use xargs so the command can be run in parallel)

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  • How to change MySQL data directory?

    - by Jonathan Frank
    I want to place my databases in another directory, so I can store them in an ESB (elastic block storage, just a fancy name for a virtualized harddisk) together with my web-apps and other persistent data. I have tried to walk through a tutorial at http://crashmag.net/change-the-default-mysql-data-directory-with-selinux-enabled. Everything seems fine until I type this command: # semanage fcontext -a -t mysqld_db_t "/srv/mysql(/.*)?" Then the command fails and tells me that mysqld_db_t is an invalid SELinux context even if the default MySQL data directory is labelled with this context. I am running Fedora 15 on Virtualbox (behaves like an ordinary x86-compatible box) and Amazon EC2 (based on Xen) so the tutorial should be compatible. It is also worth to mention that turning off SELinux globally or just for the MySQL process is not an option, because such a solution will decrease the security of the system if a hacker gains access to the system via the MySQL server. I have never seen this problem before I changed to the Redhat/Fedora architecture, so it could be a distribution specific issue. Any help is highly appreciated

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  • Slapd service won't start, unable to open pid file

    - by Foezjie
    I'm trying to set up a test LDAP-server for some developers but I'm running into some trouble. service slapd start errors so I run /usr/sbin/slapd -d 1 and this gives me the following error at the end: unable to open pid file "/var/run/ldap/slapd.pid": 13 (Permission denied) slapd destroy: freeing system resources. slapd stopped. The rights for /var/run/ldap are as follows: root@pec:/var/run/ldap# ls -ld drwxr-xr-x 2 openldap openldap 60 2012-07-04 20:45 So I don't get why there is still a permission denied. Syslog gives the following when running slapd: Jul 4 21:00:27 pec slapd[13758]: @(#) $OpenLDAP: slapd 2.4.21 (Dec 19 2011 15:40:04) $#012#011buildd@allspice:/build/buildd/openldap-2.4.21/debian/build/servers/slapd Jul 4 21:00:27 pec kernel: [8147247.203100] type=1503 audit(1341428427.953:64): operation="truncate" pid=13758 parent=20433 profile="/usr/sbin/slapd" requested_mask="::w" denied_mask="::w" fsuid=0 ouid=119 name="/var/run/ldap/slapd.pid" Can anyone point me in the right direction?

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  • Assign fixed IP address via DHCP by DNS lookup

    - by Janoszen
    Preface I'm building a virtualization environment with Ubuntu 14.04 and LXC. I don't want to write my own template since the upgrade from 12.04 to 14.04 has shown that backwards compatibility is not guaranteed. Therefore I'm deploying my virtual machines via lxc-create, using the default Ubuntu template. The DNS for the servers is provided by Amazon Route 53, so no local DNS server is needed. I also use Puppet to configure my servers, so I want to keep the manual effort on the deployment minimal. Now, the default Ubuntu template assigns IP addresses via DHCP. Therefore, I need a local DHCP server to assign IP addresses to the nodes, so I can SSH into them and get Puppet running. Since Puppet requires a proper DNS setup, assigning temporary IP addresses is not an option, the client needs to get the right hostname and IP address from the start. Question What DHCP server do I use and how do I get it to assign the IP address based only on the host-name DHCP option by performing a DNS lookup on that very host name? What I've tried I tried to make it work using the ISC DHCP server, however, the manual clearly states: Please be aware that only the dhcp-client-identifier option and the hardware address can be used to match a host declaration, or the host-identifier option parameter for DHCPv6 servers. For example, it is not possible to match a host declaration to a host-name option. This is because the host-name option cannot be guaranteed to be unique for any given client, whereas both the hardware address and dhcp-client-identifier option are at least theoretically guaranteed to be unique to a given client. I also tried to create a class that matches the hostname like this: class "my-client-name" { match if option host-name = "my-client-name"; fixed-address my-client-name.my-domain.com; } Unfortunately the fixed-address option is not allowed in class statements. I can replace it with a 1-size pool, which works as expected: subnet 10.103.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 { option routers 10.103.1.1; class "my-client-name" { match if option host-name = "my-client-name"; } pool { allow members of "my-client-name"; range 10.103.1.2 10.103.1.2; } } However, this would require me to administer the IP addresses in two places (Amazon Route53 and the DHCP server), which I would prefer not to do. About security Since this is only used in the bootstrapping phase on an internal network and is then replaced by a static network configuration by Puppet, this shouldn't be an issue from a security standpoint. I am, however, aware that the virtual machine bootstraps with "ubuntu:ubuntu" credentials, which I intend to fix once this is running.

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  • alternative filesystems for SSD

    - by freedrull
    I am tired of watching fsck check my filesystem when my eeepc 901 shuts down abruptly due to a crash. I know that with a journaling filesystem, I won't have to wait for a check. However, I am well aware of the poor I/O performance of the SSD, so I can imagine using a journaling filesystem being even more frustrating, since there will be constant writes to the journal? I will buy a new laptop without such a crummy ssd someday but, is there anything I can do now, on the software side of things?

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  • SmartSVN - Unable to create new repository profile

    - by Sandeepan Nath
    I have just installed SmartSVN on this fedora system. The application starts (on running ./smartsvn.sh) with its usual UI but many things are not working. Creating New repository profile Trying to create a new repository profile (Repositories- Repository Profiles- Add) An Error occurred while processing an SVN command - Cannot connect to 'svn+ssh://192.168.0.103': There was a problem while connecting to 192.168.0.103:22 Quick Checkout Trying to do Quick Checkout (less configuration) An Error occurred while processing an SVN command - Malformed XML. Some Observations When I run the smartsvn.sh file like this:- ./smartsvn.sh It shows this in the console - Warning: /bin/java does not exist Could not lock /root/.smartsvn/_lock_ Switched to running instance I was using SmartSVN in another system before this where it was working. There too, it was showing the warning like Warning: /bin/java does not exist but this part was not showing:- Could not lock /root/.smartsvn/_lock_ Switched to running instance I have only JRE installed in both the systems and not JDK. So, what could be the reason? Any pointers? Thanks, Sandeepan

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  • Nagios orphaned services warnings

    - by Gordon
    We have had Nagios running on one of our servers with out any problems for a while but lately certain old service warning have been reappearing and then disappearing on the service detail page. From looking at the logs I found warning like the following. Warning: The check of service 'Tomcat' on host 'virtual1' looks like it was orphaned (results never came back). I'm scheduling an immediate check of the service... Has anyone ever came across this before or at least know a way to delete the old Orphaned Warnings. The Nagios Version we are running is Version 3.0b7 so an update might be in order. Thanks.

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  • RAID FS detection at boot time

    - by alex
    An excerpt from dmesg: md: Autodetecting RAID arrays. md: Scanned 2 and added 2 devices. md: autorun ... md: considering sdb1 ... md: adding sdb1 ... md: adding sda1 ... md: created md1 md: bind<sda1> md: bind<sdb1> md: running: <sdb1><sda1> raid1: raid set md1 active with 2 out of 2 mirrors md1: detected capacity change from 0 to 1500299198464 md: ... autorun DONE. md1: unknown partition table EXT3-fs (md1): error: couldn't mount because of unsupported optional features (240) EXT2-fs (md1): error: couldn't mount because of unsupported optional features (240) EXT4-fs (md1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode Is it OK that kernel tries to mount an ext4 raid as ext3, ext2 first? Is there a way to tell it to skip those two steps? Just in case: /dev/md1 / ext4 noatime 0 1 TIA.

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  • Network is going down once per day

    - by Charly
    Once per day the network on eth0 is going down and we need to do sudo ifdown eth0; sudo ifup eth0 to get the network up. Here is the syslog: Feb 11 12:48:01 www-tech-1 dhclient: DHCPREQUEST of address> on eth0 to 131.121.113.228 port 67 Feb 11 12:52:35 www-tech-1 dhclient: DHCPREQUEST of address> on eth0 to 131.121.113.228 port 67 Feb 11 12:56:23 www-tech-1 dhclient: DHCPREQUEST of address> on eth0 to 131.121.113.228 port 67 Feb 11 13:00:28 www-tech-1 dhclient: DHCPREQUEST of address> on eth0 to 131.121.113.228 port 67 Feb 11 13:04:29 www-tech-1 dhclient: DHCPREQUEST of address> on eth0 to 131.121.113.228 port 67 Feb 11 13:09:16 www-tech-1 dhclient: DHCPREQUEST of address> on eth0 to 131.121.113.228 port 67 Feb 11 13:13:53 www-tech-1 dhclient: DHCPREQUEST of address> on eth0 to 131.121.113.228 port 67 Feb 11 13:18:16 www-tech-1 dhclient: DHCPREQUEST of address> on eth0 to 131.121.113.228 port 67 Feb 11 13:22:25 www-tech-1 dhclient: DHCPREQUEST of address> on eth0 to 131.121.113.228 port 67 Feb 11 13:26:52 www-tech-1 dhclient: DHCPREQUEST of address> on eth0 to 131.121.113.228 port 67 Feb 11 13:30:44 www-tech-1 dhclient: DHCPREQUEST of address> on eth0 to 131.121.113.228 port 67 Feb 11 13:31:49 www-tech-1 dhclient: There is already a pid file /var/run/dhclient.eth0.pid with pid 3198 Feb 11 13:31:49 www-tech-1 dhclient: Listening on LPF/eth0/00:e0:81:49:fc:e0 Feb 11 13:31:49 www-tech-1 dhclient: Sending on LPF/eth0/00:e0:81:49:fc:e0 Feb 11 13:31:49 www-tech-1 dhclient: DHCPRELEASE on eth0 to 131.121.113.228 port 67 Feb 11 13:31:49 www-tech-1 dhclient: There is already a pid file /var/run/dhclient.eth0.pid with pid 134519072 Feb 11 13:31:50 www-tech-1 dhclient: Listening on LPF/eth0/00:e0:81:49:fc:e0 Feb 11 13:31:50 www-tech-1 dhclient: Sending on LPF/eth0/00:e0:81:49:fc:e0 Feb 11 13:31:52 www-tech-1 dhclient: DHCPDISCOVER on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 8 Feb 11 13:31:52 www-tech-1 dhclient: DHCPREQUEST of 131.121.14.17 on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 Feb 11 13:31:53 www-tech-1 kernel: [265383.991682] eth0: no IPv6 routers present Please check the last portion of this syslog. Can anybody help me?

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  • An XKB keyboard map that responds to the left and right shift key individually

    - by mbfisher
    First off, excuse my ignorance of X and XKB; I've been trying to hack together a solution in the hope of being able to achieve what I want without requiring a detailed grasp of it. I'm trying to create an XKB keyboard map on Ubuntu 12.04 that allows me to stipulate which of the two shift keys constitutes the Level2 modifier. Specifically, the 4 key should only produce a $ when the right shift is held, not the left. My reading so far: http://www.charvolant.org/~doug/xkb/html/node5.html http://people.uleth.ca/~daniel.odonnell/Blog/custom-keyboard-in-linuxx11 http://www.x.org/releases/X11R7.5/doc/input/XKB-Enhancing.html Lots of searching! I've attempted to define a custom type, and then refer to it explicitly in a symbols map: /usr/share/X11/xkb/types/mbfisher: default xkb_types "mbfisher" { type "RIGHT_SHIFT" { modifiers = None+Shift_R; map[None] = Level1; map[Shift_R] = Level2; }; } /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/mbfisher: default partial alphanumeric_keys xkb_symbols "basic" { name[Group1]= "mbfisher"; key <AE04> { type= "RIGHT_SHIFT", symbols[Group1]= [ 4, dollar ] }; }; I'm then selecting the map with the Ubuntu Keyboard Layout GUI. This obviously disables the alphanumeric keyboard apart from the 4 key, but the dollar sign can still be typed with either shift key. I'm conscious of writing a massive question with lots of useless information so I'll stop here; please ask for anything I've missed out. Any ideas?

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  • page allocation failure - am I running out of memory?

    - by mfriedman
    Lately I've noticing entries like this one in the kern.log of one of my servers: Feb 16 00:24:05 aramis kernel: swapper: page allocation failure. order:0, mode:0x20 This is what I'd like to know: What exactly does that message mean? Is my server running out of memory? The swap usage is quite low (less than 10%), and so far I haven't noticed any processes being killed because of lack of memory. Additional information: The server is a Xen instance (DomU) running Debian 6.0 It has 512 MB of RAM and a 512 MB swap partition CPU load inside the virtual machine shows an average of 0.25

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  • How can I still see the 'man' text after I quit man?

    - by Sol
    I typically use tcsh or bash and often want to use 'man' to review a command's options. Currently when I quit man or ctrl-C, the man text disappears and I see the scrollback buffer that was there before I performed the 'man' command. I would like to still see the 'man' text I was viewing as a reference while I'm typing the command at the command prompt without opening a second window, how can I do that?

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  • o2cb thinks ocfs2 cluster is still online, and refuses to shut down

    - by Kendall
    I have a handful of OpenSuSE 11.2 servers that utilize OCFS2 volumes. I've noticed that o2cb can't figure out when the OCFS2 cluster is actually mounted. For example, when I try to shutdown o2cb, after stopping OCSF2, o2cb refuses to shutdown because it thinks OCFS2 is still up! After stopping OCFS2 I try to stop o2cb... hamguy:/dev/disk/by-label # /etc/init.d/o2cb stop Stopping O2CB cluster ocfs2: Failed Unable to stop cluster as heartbeat region still active So I check the status... hamguy:/dev/disk/by-label # /etc/init.d/o2cb status Driver for "configfs": Loaded Filesystem "configfs": Mounted Stack glue driver: Loaded Stack plugin "o2cb": Loaded Driver for "ocfs2_dlmfs": Loaded Filesystem "ocfs2_dlmfs": Mounted Checking O2CB cluster ocfs2: Online Heartbeat dead threshold = 31 Network idle timeout: 30000 Network keepalive delay: 2000 Network reconnect delay: 2000 Checking O2CB heartbeat: Active And double check OCFS2... hamguy:/dev/disk/by-label # /etc/init.d/ocfs2 status Configured OCFS2 mountpoints: /u/conf /u/logs /u/backup /u/client /u/data /u/mdata OCFS2 is clearly down, while o2cb clearly thinks otherwise. The versions of OCFS2 and o2cb are... kendall@hamguy:~> rpm -qa |grep ocfs2 ocfs2console-1.4.1-25.6.x86_64 ocfs2-tools-o2cb-1.4.1-25.6.x86_64 ocfs2-tools-1.4.1-25.6.x86_64 kendall@hamguy:~> rpm -qa |grep o2cb ocfs2-tools-o2cb-1.4.1-25.6.x86_64 What causes this, and is there a way around it? If I try to reboot the machine, it will just sit there forever until your physically power cycle it. That obviously is a bit of a problem. Any insight is appreciated, thank you. Kendall

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  • How do I automate OS installation on 500+ machines?

    - by Igor
    My company has to image a large amount of machines by the end of the year. Each of the machines will have hardware RAID 1 and running CentOS 6. What options do I have for automating the OS installation on these systems? I have a little mini desktop I can set up as an install server, and we can get a switch to create an installation network, but I'm not sure how to go about actually performing the automated installs.

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