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• Files deleted. What could have happened?

  - by jjfine

  I'm having a weird issue today. I was writing and testing out some simple cgi scripts this morning when I realized that I couldn't run them from one of the other computers on the (windows) network. So I had my network admin come in and take a look at what was going on. A few minutes later a co-worker came in and told me that a bunch of files he was working with as well as a bunch of others (all *.c files) on the network drive got deleted. He also noticed some strange apache_dump_500.log.txt files in the same directories where the files got deleted. The apache_dump_500.log.txt files all look like this: REDIRECT_HTTP_ACCEPT=*/*, image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg REDIRECT_HTTP_USER_AGENT=Mozilla/1.1b2 (X11; I; HP-UX A.09.05 9000/712) REDIRECT_PATH=.:/bin:/usr/local/bin:/etc REDIRECT_QUERY_STRING= REDIRECT_REMOTE_ADDR=<my computer's local ip> REDIRECT_REMOTE_HOST= REDIRECT_SERVER_NAME=<my computer's domain url> REDIRECT_SERVER_PORT= REDIRECT_SERVER_SOFTWARE= REDIRECT_URL=/cgi-bin/trojan.py I looked and I don't have any trojan.py in my cgi-bin folder. And all my apache logs are clean. Windows event logger seems to not have any traces of what happened either. My httpd.conf: http://pastebin.com/Yny2Yh8v I think we've got some kind of virus that added this trojan.py file to my cgi-bin, ran the script, and deleted the script and any traces from the logs. Is this a thing that happens? Any ideas whatsoever would be much appreciated!

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• How do I configure VMware View location-based printing to use Active Directory Groups?

  - by Jason Pearce

  I am attempting to configure VMware View 4.5's Location-Based Printing, which leverages an included OEM version of ThinPrint, to assign printers to active directory groups. The location-based printing feature maps printers that are physically near client systems to VMware View desktops. I am using the Active Directory group policy setting AutoConnect Location-based Printing for VMware View, which is located in the Microsoft Group Policy Object Editor in the Software Settings folder under Computer Configuration. The AutoConnect Location-based Printing for VMware View appearst to be just a name translation table. It permits me to assign a specific printer or printers to an IP Range, Client Name, Mac Address, User, or User Group. I'm attempting to assign printers to active directory user groups. I have created a new active directory group for each printer that I intend to use in VMware View desktop pools. I will then assign active directory users to the active directory groups that represent each network printer. Example: doej is a member of the PTR-FLOOR2-NORTH-ROOM255 active directory group. Using AutoConnect, I assigned the group to receive a network printer by adding PTR-FLOOR2-NORTH-ROOM255 in the User/Group column. Problem: When doej logs in to his VDI session, the printer is not present. However, if I use a wildcard "*" in the User/Group column instead of the specific PTR-FLOOR2-NORTH-ROOM255 active directory group, the printer is present and functions as designed. Alternatives: I have tried assigning printers to active directory groups within AutoConnect in the following ways, all unsuccesfull: PTR-FLOOR2-NORTH-ROOM255 domainexample\PTR-FLOOR2-NORTH-ROOM255 domainexample.local\PTR-FLOOR2-NORTH-ROOM255 Confirmation: The information used to map the printer to the VMware View desktop is stored in a registry entry on the View desktop in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\thinprint\tpautoconnect. For each of these examples, I have reviewed the registry entry and can confirm that the desktop is receiving the information from the AutoConnect translation table. Summary: Can anyone provide an example of how to configure VMware View 4.5's Location-Based Printing so that I may assign network printers to active directory groups via the included AutoConnect tool? I would welcome a clear example of a working configuration. Thank you.

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• Simplest DNS solution for remote offices

  - by dunxd

  I look after a bunch of remote offices that connect via VPN - a Cisco ASA 5505 in each office acts as Firewall and VPN end point. Beyond that we keep things as simple as possible in the offices to minimise the support burden. We don't have any kind of server except in offices large enough to justify having someone dedicated to IT. Basically there is the ASA, some computers, a network printer and a switch. One of the problems I am seeing in a lot of offices is that DNS requests looking up hosts inside our network often fail - I'm assuming timeouts due to the offices internet connection (they are all in developing world countries) having some sub-optimal qualities (e.g. high latency caused by VSAT segments, or packet loss. The obvious solution to this is to have some sort of local DNS service that can serve local requests - so I think it would need to do zone transfers from our Microsoft Windows 2008 R2 DNS servers at HQ. However, simply installing Windows Servers in each office is both expensive, and creates a support burden. This got me thinking about pfsense/m0n0wall on embedded devices - those can act as a DNS server, and could be configured at HQ and sent out as just something that needs to be plugged into the network and can then be forgotten about by the staff locally. Maybe there are some alternatives to the ASA 5505 that include some DNS functionality. Has anyone here dealt with the problem, either using some kind of embedded device, or found some other solution? Any gotchas or reasons to avoid what I have suggested?

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• Using Different Networks with Different Proxy Servers on Windows 7

  - by John

  Hi, I have a laptop running Windows 7 Professional. There are two wireless networks I connect to every day: Home: no proxy server Work: proxy server with authentication On my iPad and iPhone, I've got two WiFi network profiles (one for home, one for work). The work one has the proxy server settings specified. The home one has no proxy specified. It all works great and I don't need to go changing settings around whenever I move from home to work or vice versa. On my laptop, however, I can't seem to get this going. I can certainly connect to both networks, but when I'm at work I have to go and change the proxy settings (in Internet Options) to be able to use the network. When I'm at home, I have to then go and turn them off. It's a small thing, but considering this is something I have to do every day, it's a bit annoying. Is there any way I can make Windows automatically switch proxy settings on or off based on the network I'm connected to? Thanks, John

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• Windows 7 caches FTP credentials?

  - by Martin Booka Weser

  On my remote maschine i have an iis 7.5 (win server 2008) and set up an ftp site with iis manager authentication. I then did active directory user isolation and isolated my users to physical folders according to their names. So far, so good. I can access with ftp cliens from everywhere with different test accounts that i previously set up in the iis manager auth. Every user connects to its own folder. When i now tested with windows 7 as a client i did the following. Explorer - computer - right click - add network address - the ip of my remote maschine - user1 - password1 Perfect - it works. I now want to connect with user2. So I deleted this network address and set up a new connection, but with user2 (or even anonymous) instead. Now the strange thing: Windows doesn't even ask me for a password again. It just connects me to the folder of the user1. I already disabled ftp caching in the IIS and i disabled the user1 account in IIS manager authentication! Still, if i set up a network connection with this windows 7 it connects to the folder user1 . No matter which username i use (anonymous, administrator, user2,...). And if i connect with other ftp clients or other computers it all works perfectly. So I assume that this one windows somehow caches the credentials... But then, why does the IIS still accepts this credentials even if i disabled this user1 account??? Thanks.

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• Why are ISP's installing routers on my site when the feed is a form of ethernet already?

  - by Cosmin Prund

  I'm connected to 3 ISP's right now. Two of them already have routers at my site, the third one announced me "they need to install some equipment" when I requested BGP session. I can only assume they need to install a Router, since that connection is now working fine, using the usual /30 net block for the connection, and the "last-mile" solution is not going to change since they only installed it last week and the BGP was in the contract from the beginning. I simply don't understand this: the "feed" is already a form of ethernet. Even those they're using different technologies for the last mile, they're all entering the ISP router using an RJ45 WAN port. I assume the ISP router does something really important that can't be done by the Big Router on the other end of the connection. It must also be something that can hurt them if miss-configured, since they don't trust us (the client) to do the stuff on our router. And I'm not talking cheap throw-away routers here: One of the routers is Cisco 2800. Edit to add network details: I'm connected to 3 ISP's, two over Radio links, one over Fiber Optic. One of the radio links is going to get dropped and the other radio link will be turned into fiber sometime next year. The fiber is 20 Mbit, radio 1 is 40 Mbit and radio 2 is 2 Mbit. I've got a /24 of provider independent address space. I'm not doing out-of-the ordinary stuff with my network, I'm overly connected because my network needs to be "up" all the time.

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• Implementing an isolated guest WLAN via IPSec VPN on Windows

  - by sysadmin1138

  We are attempting to set up a guest WLAN network that is isolated from the rest of our network. This is proving difficult due to a couple of technical reasons. My first choice was to use a separate VLAN, on which our Firewall's handy WLAN port would handle DHCP, DNS and the network isolation we need. Unfortunately, due to the fact that our main office and our Internet connection itself are in different locations connected by way of a Metro Ethernet connection, I'm at the mercy of our ISP for VLAN transit. They won't pass a second VLAN between our two sites. And my hardware doesn't support 802.1ad "Q-in-Q", which would also solve this problem. So I can't use the VLAN method for isolation. At least not without spending money. As our Firewall can handle IPSec site-to-site VPN connections, I hope it is possible to connect a Server 2008R2 (standard) server I have in the office location to the WLAN and provide gateway services to the firewall. Thusly: Unfortunately, I don't know if it is possible to connect the two this way. The firewall has a pretty flexible IPSec/L2TP implementation (I've used it to connect iPads in the wild), but is neither Kerberized or supports NTLM. The Connection Security Rules view on the Windows server seems to get close to what I think needs to be done, but I'm failing on figuring out how to get it to do what I need it to do. Is this even possible, or do I need to pursue alternate solution?

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• How do I share a complete XP disk so it can be seen from a Windows 7 system? (To move all files to a

  - by Ian Ringrose

  This should be easier! (both computers can see the internet etc so I know the network it’s self is working) I have a normal home network with a Windows XP machine on it and the new Windows 7 (64 bit) machine. So I can transfer the files to the new Windows 7 machine, I wish to share the complete disk (and all files) from the Windows XP machine and access them from the Windows 7 machine. Is there a step by step set of instructions for doing this anywhere? So fare I have: put both computers into the same workgroup put the windows 7 machine into work network mode so it can see the XP machine in the work group shared the XP disk as read only But when I try to access a lot of the folders on the XP disks, I am told I am not allowed to access them. (I was not asked for any passwords by the windows 7 machine when I accessed the XP machine. The XP machine just has its default account with no password set on it) The XP machine runs XP home and hence has "simple file shairing" turn on. So it seems that even if I create a admin account (with password) and connect with that account, it still comes in as "guest" on the XP machine. Chooseing to share the folder I want access to rather then the top of the disk drive seems to work, but is a pain as I need to share each user's folder with a different share name. If the new computer was not a laptop, I would just plug the hard disk from the old machine into it, but being a laptop I don't have that option.

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• Route return traffic to correct gateway depending on service

  - by Marnix van Valen

  On my office network I have two internet connections and one CentOS server running a website (HTTPS on port 443). The website should be publicly accessible through the public IP of the first internet connection (ISP-1). The other internet connection, ISP-2, id the default gateway on the network. Both internet connections have routers (the household-kind) with NAT, SPI firewalls etc. The router on ISP-2 is a Netgear WNDR3700 (aka N600) with original firmware. The problem is that the website is unreachable. Looks like incoming traffic on ISP-1 will reach the server but the returning traffic is routed through ISP-2, effectively making the site unreachable. As far as I can tell I can't do port based routing on the WNDR3700. What are my options to make this work? I've been looking at implementing an iptables / routing based solution on the server itself but haven't been able to make that work. Update: Note that the server has one network interface connecting it to both routers.

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• Setup windows 2012 AD in Hyper-V for a Test environment

  - by hub

  Im trying to setup a Windos 2012 R2 test environment on my work computer (a laptop). I have a AD, DHCP and DNS server on server A, and a client connecting to the doman and that works. The client can ping the AD server and gets a valid IP adress. If I ping google.com from the client I get the IP adress but I dont get any responses (request time out). If i ping google.com from server A it works as it should. Server A have a connection to the Internet through a "external network switch" in hyper-v, which gets its internet from a router and the client is connected to a "internal network switch". May the poblem be that server A is behind a router? Can I make this solution to work regadless the network my laptop is connected to? At home i have one IP adress, at work its a totally different range. What I would like is to use my laptops internet connection, regardless wifi or wired, to act as incomming internet, is this possible?

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• Certificate revocation check fails for non-domain guest in spite of accessible CRL

  - by 0xFE

  When we try to use certificates on computers that are not part of the domain, Windows complains that The revocation function was unable to check revocation because the revocation server was offline. However, if I manually open the certificate and check the CRL Distribution Point property, I see an ldap:/// URL and an http:// URL that points to externally-accessible IIS site that hosts the CRLs. Of course, the non-domain-joined client cannot access the ldap:/// URL, but it can download the CRL from the http:// link (at least in a browser). I enabled CAPI logging and I see the event that corresponds to this failed revocation check. The RevocationInfo section is: RevocationInfo [ freshnessTime] PT11H27M4S RevocationResult The revocation function was unable to check revocation because the revocation server was offline. [ value] 80092013 CertificateRevocationList [ location] UrlCache [ url] http://the correct URL [fileRef] 6E463C2583E17C63EF9EAC4EFBF2AEAFA04794EB.crl [issuerName] the name of the CA Furthermore, I can see the HTTP request to the correct URL and the server's response (HTTP 304 Not Modified) with Microsoft Network Monitor. I ran certutil -verify -urlfetch, and it seems to show the same thing: the computer recognizes both URLs, tries both, and even though the http:// link succeeds, returns the same error. Is there a way to have non-domain-joined clients skip the ldap:/// link and only check the http:// one? Edit: The ldap:/// URL is ldap:///CN=<name of CA>,CN=<name of server that is running the CA>,CN=CDP,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=<domain name>?certificateRevocationList?base?objectClass=cRLDistributionPoint The non-domain-joined clients may be on the domain network or on an external network. The http:// CDP is accessible from the public internet.

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• Connecting to same public IP from different locations yields different results

  - by DHall

  Since yesterday I've been unable to access one of my favorite time-wasting sites, boston.com. It starts to load but then it gets redirected to pagesinxt or something like that. After some investigation, I've narrowed it down to an issue with cache.boston.com, but only from my work location. I found the IP (216.38.160.107) , but even that doesn't work correctly from here at work. When I do a telnet 216.38.160.107 80 GET http://cache.boston.com/universal/css/hp_bgcom.css from another location, I get a nice long CSS, as expected. From here, I get an error (trimmed for size): HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request Your request could not be processed. Request could not be handled This could be caused by a misconfiguration, or possibly a malformed request. For assistance, contact your network support team. Is there any way I can troubleshoot this further on my end? Tracert doesn't tell me anything too useful: Tracing route to vwrpx1.ttn.xpc-mii.net [216.38.160.107] over a maximum of 30 hops: 1 * * * Request timed out. Since it's not really work-related, I don't really want to bring it up to our network team unless I know what's going on, or if there's some risk to the network (ex. malware or something)

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• Port knocking via SSH tunnels

  - by j0ker

  I have a server running in my university's internal network. There is only one SSH daemon running which is secured by port knocking with knockd. Works fine if I try to connect from within the internal network. But since the server has no external IP, I have to tunnel into the internal network every time I want to access the server from outside. And since tunneling only works for a single port I cannot do the port knocking as easily as from an internal client. In fact, I don't get it to work at all. What I'm trying is opening tunnels for all the different ports that have to be knocked. Then I send TCP-SYN packets into the tunnels. But that doesn't work even for a single port. If I establish the tunnel on the first port in the knock sequence and send a packet through it, it doesn't reach the server. There is no entry in the log file of knockd, while there should be something like 123.45.67.89: openSSH: Stage 1 (as shown with internal knocks). So I guess, the problem doesn't exist within my knocking script but is a more general one. Are there any known problems with what I'm trying to do? Is it even possible or am I missing something? Thanks in advance!

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• How can I setup a Proxy I can sniff traffic from using an ESX vswitch in promiscuous mode?

  - by sandroid

  I have a pretty specific requirement, detailed below. Here's what I'm not looking for help for, to keep things tidy and on topic: How to configure a standard proxy Any ESX setup required to facilitate traffic sniffing How to sniff traffic Any changes in design (my scope limits me) I need to setup a test environment for a network-sniffing based HTTP app monitoring tool, and I need to troubleshoot a client issue but he only has a prod network, so making changes to the config on client's system "just to try" is costly. The goal here is to create a similar system in my lab, and hit the client's webapp and redirect my traffic - using a proxy - into the lab environment. The reason I want to use a proxy is so that only this specific traffic is redirected for all to see, and not all my web traffic (like my visits to serverfault :P). Everything will run inside an ESX 4.1 machine. In there, there is a traffic collection vswitch in promiscuous mode that is not on the local network for security reasons. The VM containing our listening agent is connected to this vswitch. On the same ESX host, I will setup a basic linux server and install a proxy (either apache + mod_proxy or squid, doesn't matter). I'm looking for ideas on how to deploy this for my needs so I can then figure out how to set it up accordingly. Some ideas I've had were to setup two proxies, and have them talk to eachother through this vswitch in promiscuous mode, but it seems like alot of work. Another idea is a dual-homed proxy, but I've never seen/done that before so I'm not sure how doable it is for what I'd like. I am OK with setting up a second vswitch in promiscuous mode to facilitate this if need be, but I cannot put the vswitch on the lan (which is used so my browser would communicate with the proxy) in promiscuous mode. Any ideas are welcome.

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• Technology mash: is this possible?

  - by Jon Story

  I'm in the process of setting up my own DNS+hosting on a couple of VPS and my home machines, mostly for academic/learning purposes, but also for convenient accessing of my files, hosting my personal websites, private git repositories etc. I've got a main web server with DNS, and a slave DNS server. I've also got a couple of machines at home doing file hosting, video streaming and all that fun stuff. I'm intending to use my VPS's to provide myself with a dynamic DNS system so that I can point mydomain.com at my DNS servers, with home.mydomain.com going into my home network via a raspberry pi. HOWEVER.... I've not got access to the network infrastructure at home (rented accommodation with managed internet), so I can't forward the ports on the router to my own machines. As such, I'm wondering if it's possible to route all the traffic via an SSH/HTTP tunnel through one of the VPS? My plan is to have the raspberry pi provide a VPN into my home network. The raspberry pi uses SSH to connect to the VPS, and the VPS forwards any traffic to home.mydomain.com via the tunnel to the raspberry pi. Is this even possible, and how do I go about it? I don't mind getting my hands dirty with coding and low level tools, I'm just not sure where to start or what the best way to go about it is.

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• RPC Server Unavailable on Hyper-V cluster when moving resources after the host adapter has failed

  - by Doug Luxem

  On a Windows 2008 R2 SP1 cluster running Hyper-V, a lost network connectivity on the primary host interface. The interface was rapidly flapping up and down, and this was later determined to be caused by a faulty switch port. As this was a clustered server, the host interface was not fault tolerant (seeing as how the whole server was fault tolerant), so connectivity to the host was going up and down. The Hyper-V guests were completely unaffected by the network outage as they used a dedicated trunk on the server separate from the host interface. Additionally, dedicated interfaces for the cluster and live migration networks were fine. In order to diagnose the server, I tried to move all resources (Hyper-V Guests) to other nodes through Failover Cluster Manager. These moves failed with an error RPC Server Unavailable. The only way to move resources was by shutting down the guests, stopping the cluster service on the Node A, allowing other nodes to take ownership of the resources, and restarting the guests. A few other notes: All nodes have Client for MS Networks and File & Printer Sharing enabled on the Cluster and LM networks. Node A was accessible over cluster and LM networks from other nodes (these are private, cluster-only networks); pingable, CIFs, etc. Accessing \\NODEA is done over the Host adapters, as you would expect in this case and is the reason for the RPC Server Unavailable error with that adapter being down. My questions here are - Is there a way to still use Live Migration in a failure scenario such as this to prevent shutting down the Hyper-V guests? How can the network be reconfigured in the future so that the cluster service attempts to use the cluster and/or live migration networks to issue the RPC requests?

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• Instructions to setup primary and only domain controller

  - by Robert Koritnik

  Where could I get best step by step instructions (with some simple explanations) how to setup domain controller on Windows Server 2008 R2 Server Core? I don't know what do I need? Do I need DNS as well and AD and so on and so forth. I don't know enough about these things, but I need to set them up to prepare development environment. I would also like to know how to configure firewall on DC machine, to make it visible on other machines because I've setup DC somehow but I can't connect to it... This is my HW config: Linksys internet router with DHCP my dev machine is Windows 7 my DC machine is a VM in my dev machine my dev machine has a hw network adapter to linksys and a virtual network adapter to DC DC machine has two network adapters: one to linksys (to be internet connected so it can be updated etc.) and one to host (my dev Win7 machine) Edit My development machine should access domain controller and logon using domain credentials. Development machine would access internet directly via Linksys router. My domain controller machine would only serve authentication (and if I'm able to configure it right) should also have Active Directory Federation Services in a workable condition. I hope this is a bit more clear now. At least a small bit.

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• Delayed internet access

  - by Joel Coel

  When I (and presumably my users) first start up or log in to my computer I can't get internet access until several minutes after logging in. Internet pages like serverfault.com will time out. During this time I can access internal web servers. Sometimes pinging the gateway seems to fix the problem. I'm using Windows 7 on this machine with wifi, and the problem seems limited to the wifi network, which is on a separate vlan. The wired network does not share the problem, but I know it's not the wifi connection itself because the internal sites work. The wifi access point is attached to a 3Com 4200 switch, with the port set for vlan 2 untagged, vlan 1 tagged. The 4200 has a fiber connection to a 3Com 4900SX fiber switch that acts almost as a router here. The fiber connection is vlan 1 untagged vlan 2 tagged at both ends. The gateway is then attached to a different 4200 (vlan 1 untagged, vlan 2 tagged) that has a similar fiber connection to the 4900SX. vlan 2 has 192.168.8.0/22 IPs, vlan 1 has 10.1.0.0/16 IPs. The 4900SX has an interface for both vlans (10.1.1.1/192.168.8.1), as does the gateway (10.1.1.5/192.168.8.5). There is one dchp server for both vlans on the same switch as the gateway. It chooses a dhcp scope based on the interface used by the 4900sx to forward the dhcp request. There is also a network access list on the 4900sx set to deny all vlan2 traffic to any 10.1.x.x host, with exceptions made for a few servers, including dhcp, 4900sx, and the gateway. I think that about covers it. Any ideas on why internet access would be delayed like this?

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• A router that supports connecting with 2 different wifi networks

  - by Allan Deamon

  I Have the following setup in one place: We have a small local ISP through wireless. I have a external parabolic antenna, connected to a external usb wifi radio, connected through USB to a desktop old PC. The pc connects do the ISP wiki network, then do a Dial Up (PPPoE) connection through the this wifi setup. This will expand with others mobiles devices to be used. When I need, I take my home wireless router and connect though Ethernet in the PC, which is shares the internet. The problem is that the PC must be always ON and working. I would like to buy a wireless router which could be an AP to the mobile devices, notebooks, etc, as also could connect to the ISP Wifi/PPPoE network. So, this device must: Have one radio with detachable antenna to connect to the external antenna. It must connect as client to a network and then dial up the PPP Have another radio serving as AP (infrastructure) to the local place This can't be very expensive. I found a candidate: ( http://www.tp-link.com/en/products/details/?categoryid=1682&model=TL-WR2543ND ) It have 3 deatachable antennas, working with dual band. Officially, his firmware doesn't support it. My supposition: If internally there is 3 or 2 distinct wlan ports (like wlan0, wlan1), and there is support, i could use a OpenWRT, DD-WRT or Tomato to make this works. It also have 1 USB port, which I cold use to connect my actual USB Wifi card on it instead to the old PC. Another alternative, is a router that can do this out of box, with the original firmware. But I don't think this is a easy thing to find.

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• Configure linux machine as bridge/switch and end device

  - by leemes

  At my home, I have two desktop PCs in two rooms. The router / DSL modem is in one of these rooms. Now I want to configure a home server (having 2 LAN ports, running 24/7) in the corridor between the two rooms, using only one LAN cable at each door. This gives me the following physical configuration: (door) (door) .----/-/----. .-----/-/----------._ FritzBox | | | .----´´ DSL Router PC1 Server | PC2 As just said, the server has 2 network interfaces and is running Ubuntu. What I need now is a network configuration which enables both the server and PC1 to connect to the router. I think the server needs to serve as a bridge or switch. Currently, all computers are configured having static IP addresses. If I'm understanding it correctly, a bridge / switch doesn't have its own IP address, but as the server needs to be configured as an own end device, it needs to have one. My first question is, do I have to configure both interfaces separately, giving both the same static IP address? My next question is, how do I bridge the two physical networks into one? I have basic understanding (but am always confused again and again) of bridges and switches, but I don't know how to configure it in software. I only know that it's possible to do so :) The third question is: Is it possible to configure this in a way that network packets from/to PC1 to/from the router only go through hardware or only consume low CPU in the server? Can you help me? Thanks in advance!

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• How does Subnetting Work?

  - by Kyle Brandt

  How does Subnetting Work, and How do you do it by hand or in your head? Can someone explain both conceptually and with several examples? Server Fault gets lots of subnetting homework questions, so we could use an answer to point them to on Server Fault itself. What is classless routing and why is class-based routing obsolete? If I have a network, how do I figure out how to split it up? If I am given a netmask, how do I know what the network Range is for it? Sometimes there is a slash followed by a number, what is that number? Sometimes there is a subnet mask, but also a wildcard mask, they seem like the same thing but they are different? Someone mentioned something about knowing binary for this? What is NAT (Network Address Translation). Not looking for links to other sites (unless maybe you have one post with a bunch of good ones). I already know how to subnet, I just thought it would be nice if Server Fault had a generic subnetting answer.

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• Wireless signal changes from strong to weak after connecting

  - by gibberish

  Router (primary AP) is a WRVS4400N, WAP (signal booster) is a WAP4410N. Problem: User is physically located within ten feet of WAP (200 feet from main wireless router). Signal is at 5 bars as user connects to wireless network. Within seconds, signal is at or below two bars and connection is poor. Background: Trying to solve problem of weak wireless signal in back offices. Desired result is for client laptops to automatically switch to the stronger signal. WAP is connected to network via Ethernet cable. WAP is set to AP mode (instead of Wireless Repeater mode) WAP does appear to boost signal. Using Windows 7 sys tray Connect To A Network applet, can observe signal boost as laptop approaches the WAP. Above-described problem happens to users located near or beyond the WAP. It does not happen to users in close proximity to the router. Secondary Question: If using WAP in AP Mode, do WAP and Router (primary AP) need to be on the same channel?

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• Ubuntu server apt-get says "(-5 - No address associated with hostname)"

  - by Srini

  I have a ubuntu 12.04 server. Running sudo apt-get update on it produces errors like this: W: Failed to fetch http://au.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-backports/main/binary-i386/Packages Something wicked happened resolving 'au.archive.ubuntu.com:http' (-5 - No address associated with hostname) I am able to ping all the other hosts on the network and also Google's DNS 8.8.8.8. But am unable to ping www.google.com. So, I'm guessing something is wrong with my DNS setup, but not sure what. I use static IP and my /etc/network/interfaces looks like this: auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.1.50 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 192.168.1.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255 gateway 192.168.1.1 #dns-nameserver 203.12.160.35 203.12.160.36 #nameserver 203.12.160.35 203.12.160.36 My /etc/resolv.conf and /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/base are both empty and my /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/original says: nameserver 192.168.1.1 Any help would be greatly appreciated. P.S. I've googled it a bit and the common resolution is to switch to DHCP which I don't want to do since this is my home server. Thanks Srini

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• Steps to deploy a custom routing protocol

  - by user134589

  I'm a Ph.D Student and I'm researching a Service Centric Networking architecture with resourceallocation on a large scale. What I'm looking to do is expand an existing routing protocol like OSPF with extra fields and some new message types that I need for communication between Nodes. I want to manipulate the cost of a network link and I want paths to be calculated like in OSPF V2/v3, but using the cost that my algorithms have calculated. What I have I have the source code of OSPF from Quagga. I am assuming I can edit this code how I want, including packet structures and creating new types. Yes, I am aware it won't be easy but this is a 6 years research project and I am eager to develop something new, to move forward. What I need I would like to know how I can deploy the edited OSPF source files I have (written in C) on any type of server. I have a large testbed environment available with hundreds of virtual nodes and pretty much any OS out there. So if I want to test my extended protocol, how do I make all the nodes in a network use this to communicate? I do not understand what parts of the kernel I need to edit here. I tried searching for days now and I am unable to find how to deploy a non-existing routing protocol, without the use of an application-level framework. If somebody could push me in the right direction that'd be awesome. note: I need this to be a routingprotocol and not an application, since I want this to work on op of the network layer for performance reasons. Thanks!

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• Does ICS modify windows firewall policies in the registry?

  - by insipid

  I had a host machine I wanted to enable ICS on. First I realized that doing so was not possible until I enabled the Windows Firewall. Once I enabled the firewall and set up ICS, I noticed due to group policy I could no longer disable the firewall. Also, any ports I tried to open seemed to be ignored. Although nothing seemed to be configured when I used the mmc snap-in to view local computer policy, when I checked the registry I noticed several policies set there in HKLM (such as disabling AllowLocalPolicyMerge). I was able to remove the policies from the registry and my open ports worked, but they were eventually re-added without my input. The network I am sharing the internet from is an "unsecured" wireless network with an authentication page, is it possible that this is causing those policies to be set? Did ICS set those policies? When you go to the properties of the ICS enabled adapter and go to the ICS settings it takes you to a tab called services where you can add and remove "services running on your network that internet users can access". Is this related to the windows firewall?

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