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• Improving server security [closed]

  - by Vicenç Gascó

  I've been developing webapps for a while ... and I always had a sysadmin which made the environment perfect to run my apps with no worries. But now I am starting a project on myself, and I need to set up a server, knowing near to nothing about it. All I need to do is just have a Linux, with a webserver (I usually used Apache), PHP and MySQL. I'll also need SSH, SSL to run https:// and FTP to transfer files. I know how to install almost everything (need advice about SSL) with Ubuntu Server, but I am concerned about the security topic ... say: firewall, open/closed ports, php security, etc ... Where can I found a good guide covering this topics? Everything else in the server... I don't need it, and I wanna know how to remove it, to avoid resources consumption. Final note: I'll be running the webapp at amazon-ec2 or rackspace cloud servers. Thanks in advance!!

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• iptables: limiting bytes downloaded per IP per day?

  - by Miles

  On a public-facing web server, I'd like to limit the total bytes downloaded per IP address per day. For example, after a visitor downloaded 100MB, any additional requests would be dropped or rejected for the next 24 hours. Is it possible to accomplish this using iptables alone? The connbytes, connlimit, hashlimit, quota, and recent options all look promising, but the man page plays its cards close to the vest (e.g., "quota - Implements network quotas by decrementing a byte counter with each packet. --quota bytes The quota in bytes."). Would like to avoid using a proxy (like Squid) if possible.

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• Removing perl module installed with cpanm

  - by ZeC

  I am Perl beginner. I wanted to use Log::Log4perl module as I am familiar how it works in Java. I used cpanm script to download module, but I ran it without "sudo". Then it installed this module to my dir /home/amer/perl5. Afterwards, I installed it as sudoer, but I want to remove installation in my home dir to avoid any conflicts in future. How can I do that? Here is my cmdline execution stack. Thanks and Regards!

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• How to set up memcached to use unix socket?

  - by alfish

  While I could use memcached on Debian to use the default 11211 port, but I've had great difficulty setting up unix socket, Form what I'v read, I know that I need to create a memcache.socket and add -s /path/to/memcache.socket -a 0766 To /etc/memcached.conf and comment out the default connection port and IP, i.e. -p 11211 -l 127.0.0.1 However, when I restart memcached I get internal server errors on Drupal site. I'm trying to implement unix sockets to avoid TCP/IP overhead and boost overal memcached performance, however not sure how much performance gain one can expect of this tweak. I appreciate your hints or possibly configs to to resolve this.

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• SMTP server problem

  - by ram

  Hi, Our requirement is to send weekly newsletters to our website customers. For which we wanted to have local hosted SMTP server in our office. We are not using SMTP server provided by website hosting provider, as we wanted to reduce the network traffic and avoid IP blocking due to bulk mails. We are sending newsletters on weekly basis from our local SMTP server. But due to some reasons, some emails are going to spam and some are not reaching to customers and sometimes there are bounce messages to follow bulk email guidelines (mainly from Gmail). Can you please suggest me, how to achieve my problem. I also wanted to know what type of technology generally Linkedin or banks uses to send notifications emails to all its customers. When they send bulk emails, they will always reach inbox with out any problem. I want the same solution to implement for my website. Please suggest me. Thank you very much in advance.

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• Convert windows media video stream to mp3 audio?

  - by Jared

  I'd like to take a windows media video stream and convert it to mp3 audio. Using mencoder I can convert from windows media video to avi but not directly from windows media to mp3. The following is the command I use to convert to avi, but I'd like to avoid having to do two conversions and converting the avi file to mp3. mencoder mms://wmslive.media.hinet.net/Weblive_Bloomberg_600 -ovc lavc -oac mp3lame -o output.avi Note if there are tools that can do this I will use them, I have access to both Linux and Windows.

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• How to increase the disk cache of Windows 7

  - by Mark Christiaens

  Under Windows 7 (64 bit), I'm reading through 9000 moderately sized files. In total, there is more than 200 MB of data. Using Java (JDK 1.6.21) I'm iterating over the files. The first 1400 or so go at full speed but then speed drops off to 4ms per file. It turns out that the main cost is incurred simply by opening the files. I'm opening the files using new FileInputStream (and of course closing them in time to avoid file leaks). After some investigating, I see that Windows' disk cache is using only 100 MB or so of RAM although I have 8 GiB available. I've tried increasing the cache size using the CacheSet tool but any values I provide are considered out of range. I've also tried enabling the LargeSystemCache registry key but (after rebooting) the CacheSet tool still indicates I'm using 100 MB of cache (and doesn't increase during the test run). Does anybody have any suggestions to "encourage" Windows 7 to cache my 9000 files?

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• Puppet, Nagios, Munin on cPanel based hosts

  - by WinkyWolly

  I've been managing 20-30~ cPanel based hosts over the past year with Puppet, Nagios and Munin for general monitoring / trending however a lot of the methods I've had to use to deploy / manage things such as configurations a pain. For those of you who aren't familiar with cPanel - it adds a few things to yum exclude such as perl*, ruby* and so forth. This causes issues with me being able to bootstrap monitoring on a new server via Puppet (well via the Package type) due to a bunch of conflicts with installing via Yum. Now I could create a custom RPM for everything and remove certain dependencies from the spec file however I would like to avoid this if possible. Does anyone have any proposed functional ways to manage this sort of environment? Currently I install Puppet, Facter and Munin via RPM's and force install using --nodeps and such (since they're installed, just no the ones Yum wants). Nagios I installed manually from source at this time (likely will create RPM's however I want to tackle this general issue first).

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• Is there a way to communicate DBMS with raw memory block or binaries

  - by darkcminor

  I am trying to communicate a numerical matrix operations library like LAPACK with any DBMS. Is it possible to send/receive complete matrices as binary or as a direct memory pointers to process them (it will be something like: The Outside library processes data stored in DBMS, then it computes some huge matrix stuff and then via memory block or a binary DBMS get the result from library)? The main purpose is speed and avoid passing through a flat file, and last but not least, use library toefficiently do some operations DBMS are not designed to. * Is it possible that Oracle, SQL Server, MySQL support this technique?.

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• capistrano still asks for the 1st password even though I've set up an ssh key???

  - by Greg

  Hi, Background: I've setup an ssh key to avoid having to use passwords with capistrano per http://www.picky-ricky.com/2009/01/ssh-keys-with-capistrano.html. A basic ssh to my server does work fine without asking for passwords. I'm using "dreamhost.com" for hosting. Issue - When I run 'cap deploy' I still get asked for the 1st password (even through the previous 2nd and 3rd password requests are now automated). It is the capistrano command that start with "git clone - q ssh:....." for which the password is being requested. Question - Is there something I've missed? How can I get "cap deploy" totally passwordless? Some excerts from config/deploy.rb are: set :use_sudo, false ssh_options[:keys] = [File.join(ENV["HOME"], ".ssh", "id_rsa")] default_run_options[:pty] = true thanks PS. The permissions on the server are: drwx------ 2 mylogin pg840652 4096 2010-02-22 15:56 .ssh -rw------- 1 mylogin pg840652 404 2010-02-22 15:45 authorized_keys

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• Suscribers locking during snapshot replication

  - by remi_bourgarel

  Hi all :) Here is my architecture : I have a main server and 4 replica (the servers are synchronized with snapshot replication). The replication is working fine, except for one thing : during the replication a lot of SELECT request on one of the replica fail with a time-out. Here are my questions : Can I avoid these time-out ? If I can't : how can I detect the start and the end of the replication to redirect all the request on one of the replica to the main ? Thanks Sorry if you already answered to that kind of question but I couldn't find anything.

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• Export and import a PostgreSQL database with a different name?

  - by J. Pablo Fernández

  Is there a way to export a PostgreSQL database and later import it with another name? I'm using PostgreSQL with Rails and I often export the data from production, where the database is called blah_production and import it on development or staging with names blah_development and blah_staging. On MySQL this is trivial as the export doesn't have the database anywhere (except a comment maybe), but on PostgreSQL it seems to be impossible. Is it impossible? I've seen out there some people using sed scripts to modify the dump. I'd like to avoid that solution but if there are no alternative I'll take it. Has anybody wrote a script to alter the dump's database name ensure no data is ever altered?

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• MySQL on Windows - how do I set the wait_timeout for connections using named pipes?

  - by gustafc

  I use a MySQL database running on a Windows box, and for performance reasons I'm connecting to it using named pipes. The (Java) application using the database (through Hibernate) can let the connection lie idle for quite a long time, which causes the connection to fail with the following message: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: The last packet successfully received from the server was 33 558 297 milliseconds ago. The last packet sent successfully to the server was 33 558 297 milliseconds ago. is longer than the server configured value of 'wait_timeout'. You should consider either expiring and/or testing connection validity before use in your application, increasing the server configured values for client timeouts, or using the Connector/J connection property 'autoReconnect=true' to avoid this problem. autoReconnect unfortunately has no effect (and neither does autoReconnectForPools), but the wait_timeout docs state that wait_timeout only applies "to TCP/IP and Unix socket file connections, not to connections made via named pipes, or shared memory". How can I change the wait_timeout for named pipes?

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• Get active network interface on Windows

  - by Kevin Walzer

  I'm developing an application that provides a UI to windump, the packet sniffer. Windump has a "-D" parameter that lists all network interfaces it can find, and then you can specify which interface to listen on. However, I'd like to avoid forcing the user to manually configure which interface to listen on. On Unix, I can obtain the right network interface (en0, en1, etc.) via a call to ifconfig and some parsing of the output, but I cannot locate any equivalent Windows API or command that can yield similar information--ipconfig doesn't seem to obtain this data. Can anyone suggest either a Windows command-line tool or an API that can be called via VBScript to obtain this data so that I don't have to present the user with a dialog in my GUI telling them to select the right interface?

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• Restoring Box Sync (box.com) using physical media after OS reinstall

  - by sjrm

  I have my Box Folder on a different drive ( D: ) than my Operating System Drive ( C: ) I follow these instructions to set the local folder on the second drive. https://support.box.com/hc/en-us/articles/200852947-How-Can-I-Change-the-Default-Folder-Location-for-Box-Sync- I had to format and reinstall Windows 7, leaving the other drive (D: ) untouched. now i reinstalled Box Sync, and directed it to the same location where i already have all my files. However, Box Sync renamed the folder to (Box ([email protected]) ) as a bckup, and is downloading everything again. As i have like 30Gb of files, and it takes many hour to download them, i just want to use the files that i already have in my local disk. i tried copying all files again to the new local Box Folder, but files started to get duplicated. Is there any way to avoid downloading everything again each time i reinstall my OS ? Thanks

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• Shared block device file system (cluster file system without networking)

  - by fungs

  Is there any file system that can be mounted multiple times and supports concurrent file access for Linux? Basically I want something like a cluster file system but without the need to have a running network for a distributed lock manager. That can be very handy in connection with virtual machines that can share data with the host or another VM without the need to create a network link. This I want to avoid to keep the network architecture secure (virtual machine in DMZ) but share large files. No need to scale it up, just two machines that mount the same block device. Shouldn't it be possible to have file locking information right on the disk?

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• phpredis + pconnect

  - by john smith

  I am using phpredis on my php based website. The webserver I am using is a the simplest apache apt-get installation, no configuration involved, as this is only a development environment. The issue I am facing is that basically, while using phpredis, there is no difference between "connect" and "pconnect" commands: they both create a new connection everytime, as I can see from the "info" command on redis-cli. Now, I am pretty sure it is because of the apache configuration and the fact that it probably (most likely) is a multi-threaded env, therefore can't enstablish a single connection. My question is basically for when I will turn into production: what would the best choice of a webserver be to avoid this problem? I remember using lighttpd with thousands of users and still get only a very few (like 2 or 3) connections on mongoDB. Any ideas? Thanks in advance.

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• Windows 7 Professional N needs to be just Windows 7 Professional.

  - by Jess

  I have a laptop at work that originally had Windows 7 Home Premium on it. We have a tech that comes in a few times a week to do some of our support work, and we asked him to upgrade the laptop to Windows 7 Professional. Before he left he told us the upgrade didn't work and that we'd have to order a disk. Upon checking the computer it seemed he had upgraded to Windows Professional 7 N. It had not previously been Home Premium N, so I'm not exactly sure how he managed to upgrade it to an N edition. I do not understand why he didn't run the Any Time Upgrade, but that is now irrelevant. How can I change Professional N to regular Professional? I would like to avoid having to restore it back to Home if possible.

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• Prevent Ultrabay HDD from ejecting on sleep

  - by Bryce Evans

  I have a lenovo T430s thinkpad with a small SSD primary drive and 500gb ultrabay drive. When I put the computer to sleep and then return, I get the message titled "problem ejecting < drive name " "Windows can't stop your 'Generic volume' device because a program is still using it." This pop up is very annoying every time every time I use the computer. I don't want to disable write caching [D:Hardware[drive]policiesquick removal] because I want best performance and never remove the drive. Any ways to avoid this pop up?

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• Windows - how to clone network connections entry to another machine

  - by tomash

  Let's assume we have two Windows XP computers with identical hardware configuration, including GPRS modem connected to COM1 serial port. On the first PC we add new modem device, set up gprs connection on this port in "Network connections" folder. How avoid clicking the same procedure on second computer? Detailed questions: Where are the entries from "Network connections" stored? File, registry? Is there a possibility to clone such entry between PCs? Question as above but regarding modem entry in device manager - can it be exported from one pc and imported on second?

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• How/where to find all Update (msu) packages for Windows 7 (Enterprise)

  - by Rudi

  Hi, I've been using Wim2Vhd to create native boot vhd files. (I'm using this to keep several development environments ready, I'm a developer, I know -- I need help ;-) Now the first boot always ends up in several minutes installing all of the windows updates... I' know I could avoid this if I had a massive list of qfe (.msu) packages that I could supply to the command line of Wim2Vhd. Where can I find all of the updates so I can download them. I have found this: http://www.megaleecher.net/Downloading_Microsoft_Windows_7_Offline_Updates but I'd like a more official source and I'd like an easier way to download them all. I'm a developer, so if I find the information (web service?) to get all the current packages, I'll build a tool to download them to a single location and generate a list of them for use with Wim2Vhd.

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• Upgrading OpenSSL in CentOS 5.3

  - by Lin

  I want to use one IP to host many domains with individual SSL certificates (requires SNI). In CentOS 5.3, the latest version of OpenSSL I can find an RPM for is 0.9.8e, which does not support SNI. I want to upgrade to 0.9.8k but I can't find an RPM. I could compile from source, but if I try to remove the existing OpenSSL package through yum, it wants me to remove all packages that depend on OpenSSL (100+ packages). EDIT: I ended up installing 0.9.8k without overwriting the previous version. Now I both avoid breaking dependencies and can use SNI. Was this the best action?

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• How much does it wear an SD card to be frequently removed/reinserted?

  - by jtbandes

  My digital camera (a Sony a55) stores photos on an SD card. When I want to transfer these to my computer (a mid-2010 MacBook Pro), I have two options: use the USB cable to connect the camera to the computer, or use the computer's built-in SD card reader. The camera's SD card slot is the standard click-in, click-out (spring-loaded) mechanism. My laptop has a simple slot into which the card slides with a little more resistance than the former (the card slides only about halfway in so it can be easily removed). I notice that the card's contacts now have some shiny marks from one or both of these card slots: Does this type of wear threaten to significantly damage the card? Should I avoid switching the card between slots frequently, to extend its lifetime?

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• How to automatically resume php-fpm?

  - by alfish

  I am using nginx+php-fpm on Debian Squeeze for a busy server and have had great difficulty to deal with maximum connections being reached. Here the problem is that php processes sometimes just die randomly under high load and leave the server with no php process. Then I need to manually restart php5-fpm service to bring back the server to life. I am wondering how to avoid this to happen, or at least treat the symptoms by restarting the php5-fpm automatically whenever there is not php process left to listen to incoming requests. My relevant configs are: pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 1400 pm.start_servers = 10 pm.max_spare_servers = 20 pm.process_idle_timeout = 1s; #not sure it will be useful when pm=dynamic pm.max_requests = 100000 request_terminate_timeout = 30 I appreciate your suggestions to cope with this nasty problem.

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• Change install path to /usr/bin instead of /usr/local/bin

  - by user1678788

  A simple question, but I have no concrete documentation to confirm my answer. When installing software with the make install command under a unix machine, the default path is going over to /usr/local/bin. I would like to update a package system-wide under /usr/bin. How (and where) do I change the command under make or make install to /usr/bin? Also - Can the package remain on /usr/local/bin but the systemwide usage of Python (the update being installed) be changed to /usr/local/bin from /usr/bin to avoid modifying the original installed version ?

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