power and modulo on the fly for big numbers
- by user unknown
I raise some basis b to the power p and take the modulo m of that.
Let's assume b=55170 or 55172 and m=3043839241 (which happens to be the square of 55171). The linux-calculator bc gives the results (we need this for control):
echo "p=5606;b=55171;m=b*b;((b-1)^p)%m;((b+1)^p)%m" | bc
2734550616
309288627
Now calculating 55170^5606 gives a somewhat large number, but since I have to do a modulooperation, I can circumvent the usage of BigInt, I thought, because of:
(a*b) % c == ((a%c) * (b%c))%c i.e.
(9*7) % 5 == ((9%5) * (7%5))%5 =>
63 % 5 == (4 * 2) %5 =>
3 == 8 % 5
... and a^d = a^(b+c) = a^b * a^c, therefore I can divide b+c by 2, which gives, for even or odd ds d/2 and d-(d/2), so for 8^5 I can calculate 8^2 * 8^3.
So my (defective) method, which always cut's off the divisor on the fly looks like that:
def powMod (b: Long, pot: Int, mod: Long) : Long = {
if (pot == 1) b % mod else {
val pot2 = pot/2
val pm1 = powMod (b, pot, mod)
val pm2 = powMod (b, pot-pot2, mod)
(pm1 * pm2) % mod
}
}
and feeded with some values,
powMod (55170, 5606, 3043839241L)
res2: Long = 1885539617
powMod (55172, 5606, 3043839241L)
res4: Long = 309288627
As we can see, the second result is exactly the same as the one above, but the first one looks quiet different. I'm doing a lot of such calculations, and they seem to be accurate as long as they stay in the range of Int, but I can't see any error. Using a BigInt works as well, but is way too slow:
def calc2 (n: Int, pri: Long) = {
val p: BigInt = pri
val p3 = p * p
val p1 = (p-1).pow (n) % (p3)
val p2 = (p+1).pow (n) % (p3)
print ("p1: " + p1 + " p2: " + p2)
}
calc2 (5606, 55171)
p1: 2734550616 p2: 309288627
(same result as with bc) Can somebody see the error in powMod?
