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  • Code Golf: Finite-state machine!

    - by Adam Matan
    Finite state machine A deterministic finite state machine is a simple computation model, widely used as an introduction to automata theory in basic CS courses. It is a simple model, equivalent to regular expression, which determines of a certain input string is Accepted or Rejected. Leaving some formalities aside, A run of a finite state machine is composed of: alphabet, a set of characters. states, usually visualized as circles. One of the states must be the start state. Some of the states might be accepting, usually visualized as double circles. transitions, usually visualized as directed arches between states, are directed links between states associated with an alphabet letter. input string, a list of alphabet characters. A run on the machine begins at the starting state. Each letter of the input string is read; If there is a transition between the current state and another state which corresponds to the letter, the current state is changed to the new state. After the last letter was read, if the current state is an accepting state, the input string is accepted. If the last state was not an accepting state, or a letter had no corresponding arch from a state during the run, the input string is rejected. Note: This short descruption is far from being a full, formal definition of a FSM; Wikipedia's fine article is a great introduction to the subject. Example For example, the following machine tells if a binary number, read from left to right, has an even number of 0s: The alphabet is the set {0,1}. The states are S1 and S2. The transitions are (S1, 0) -> S2, (S1, 1) -> S1, (S2, 0) -> S1 and (S2, 1) -> S2. The input string is any binary number, including an empty string. The rules: Implement a FSM in a language of your choice. Input The FSM should accept the following input: <States> List of state, separated by space mark. The first state in the list is the start state. Accepting states begin with a capital letter. <transitions> One or more lines. Each line is a three-tuple: origin state, letter, destination state) <input word> Zero or more characters, followed by a newline. For example, the aforementioned machine with 1001010 as an input string, would be written as: S1 s2 S1 0 s2 S1 1 S1 s2 0 S1 s2 1 s2 1001010 Output The FSM's run, written as <State> <letter> -> <state>, followed by the final state. The output for the example input would be: S1 1 -> S1 S1 0 -> s2 s2 0 -> S1 S1 1 -> S1 S1 0 -> s2 s2 1 -> s2 s2 0 -> S1 ACCEPT For the empty input '': S1 ACCEPT For 101: S1 1 -> S1 S1 0 -> s2 s2 1 -> s2 REJECT For '10X': S1 1 -> S1 S1 0 -> s2 s2 X REJECT Prize A nice bounty will be given to the most elegant and short solution. Reference implementation A reference Python implementation will be published soon.

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  • Error "Input length must be multiple of 8 when decrypting with padded cipher"

    - by Ross Peoples
    I am trying to move a project from C# to Java for a learning exercise. I am still very new to Java, but I have a TripleDES class in C# that encrypts strings and returns a string value of the encrypted byte array. Here is my C# code: using System; using System.IO; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Security.Cryptography; using System.Text; namespace tDocc.Classes { /// <summary> /// Triple DES encryption class /// </summary> public static class TripleDES { private static byte[] key = { 110, 32, 73, 24, 125, 66, 75, 18, 79, 150, 211, 122, 213, 14, 156, 136, 171, 218, 119, 240, 81, 142, 23, 4 }; private static byte[] iv = { 25, 117, 68, 23, 99, 78, 231, 219 }; /// <summary> /// Encrypt a string to an encrypted byte array /// </summary> /// <param name="plainText">Text to encrypt</param> /// <returns>Encrypted byte array</returns> public static byte[] Encrypt(string plainText) { UTF8Encoding utf8encoder = new UTF8Encoding(); byte[] inputInBytes = utf8encoder.GetBytes(plainText); TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider tdesProvider = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider(); ICryptoTransform cryptoTransform = tdesProvider.CreateEncryptor(key, iv); MemoryStream encryptedStream = new MemoryStream(); CryptoStream cryptStream = new CryptoStream(encryptedStream, cryptoTransform, CryptoStreamMode.Write); cryptStream.Write(inputInBytes, 0, inputInBytes.Length); cryptStream.FlushFinalBlock(); encryptedStream.Position = 0; byte[] result = new byte[encryptedStream.Length]; encryptedStream.Read(result, 0, (int)encryptedStream.Length); cryptStream.Close(); return result; } /// <summary> /// Decrypt a byte array to a string /// </summary> /// <param name="inputInBytes">Encrypted byte array</param> /// <returns>Decrypted string</returns> public static string Decrypt(byte[] inputInBytes) { UTF8Encoding utf8encoder = new UTF8Encoding(); TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider tdesProvider = new TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider(); ICryptoTransform cryptoTransform = tdesProvider.CreateDecryptor(key, iv); MemoryStream decryptedStream = new MemoryStream(); CryptoStream cryptStream = new CryptoStream(decryptedStream, cryptoTransform, CryptoStreamMode.Write); cryptStream.Write(inputInBytes, 0, inputInBytes.Length); cryptStream.FlushFinalBlock(); decryptedStream.Position = 0; byte[] result = new byte[decryptedStream.Length]; decryptedStream.Read(result, 0, (int)decryptedStream.Length); cryptStream.Close(); UTF8Encoding myutf = new UTF8Encoding(); return myutf.GetString(result); } /// <summary> /// Decrypt an encrypted string /// </summary> /// <param name="text">Encrypted text</param> /// <returns>Decrypted string</returns> public static string DecryptText(string text) { if (text == "") { return text; } return Decrypt(Convert.FromBase64String(text)); } /// <summary> /// Encrypt a string /// </summary> /// <param name="text">Unencrypted text</param> /// <returns>Encrypted string</returns> public static string EncryptText(string text) { if (text == "") { return text; } return Convert.ToBase64String(Encrypt(text)); } } /// <summary> /// Random number generator /// </summary> public static class RandomGenerator { /// <summary> /// Generate random number /// </summary> /// <param name="length">Number of randomizations</param> /// <returns>Random number</returns> public static int GenerateNumber(int length) { byte[] randomSeq = new byte[length]; new RNGCryptoServiceProvider().GetBytes(randomSeq); int code = Environment.TickCount; foreach (byte b in randomSeq) { code += (int)b; } return code; } } /// <summary> /// Hash generator class /// </summary> public static class Hasher { /// <summary> /// Hash type /// </summary> public enum eHashType { /// <summary> /// MD5 hash. Quick but collisions are more likely. This should not be used for anything important /// </summary> MD5 = 0, /// <summary> /// SHA1 hash. Quick and secure. This is a popular method for hashing passwords /// </summary> SHA1 = 1, /// <summary> /// SHA256 hash. Slower than SHA1, but more secure. Used for encryption keys /// </summary> SHA256 = 2, /// <summary> /// SHA348 hash. Even slower than SHA256, but offers more security /// </summary> SHA348 = 3, /// <summary> /// SHA512 hash. Slowest but most secure. Probably overkill for most applications /// </summary> SHA512 = 4, /// <summary> /// Derrived from MD5, but only returns 12 digits /// </summary> Digit12 = 5 } /// <summary> /// Hashes text using a specific hashing method /// </summary> /// <param name="text">Input text</param> /// <param name="hash">Hash method</param> /// <returns>Hashed text</returns> public static string GetHash(string text, eHashType hash) { if (text == "") { return text; } if (hash == eHashType.MD5) { MD5CryptoServiceProvider hasher = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider(); return ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(text))); } else if (hash == eHashType.SHA1) { SHA1Managed hasher = new SHA1Managed(); return ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(text))); } else if (hash == eHashType.SHA256) { SHA256Managed hasher = new SHA256Managed(); return ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(text))); } else if (hash == eHashType.SHA348) { SHA384Managed hasher = new SHA384Managed(); return ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(text))); } else if (hash == eHashType.SHA512) { SHA512Managed hasher = new SHA512Managed(); return ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(text))); } else if (hash == eHashType.Digit12) { MD5CryptoServiceProvider hasher = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider(); string newHash = ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(text))); return newHash.Substring(0, 12); } return ""; } /// <summary> /// Generates a hash based on a file's contents. Used for detecting changes to a file and testing for duplicate files /// </summary> /// <param name="info">FileInfo object for the file to be hashed</param> /// <param name="hash">Hash method</param> /// <returns>Hash string representing the contents of the file</returns> public static string GetHash(FileInfo info, eHashType hash) { FileStream hashStream = new FileStream(info.FullName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); string hashString = ""; if (hash == eHashType.MD5) { MD5CryptoServiceProvider hasher = new MD5CryptoServiceProvider(); hashString = ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(hashStream)); } else if (hash == eHashType.SHA1) { SHA1Managed hasher = new SHA1Managed(); hashString = ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(hashStream)); } else if (hash == eHashType.SHA256) { SHA256Managed hasher = new SHA256Managed(); hashString = ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(hashStream)); } else if (hash == eHashType.SHA348) { SHA384Managed hasher = new SHA384Managed(); hashString = ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(hashStream)); } else if (hash == eHashType.SHA512) { SHA512Managed hasher = new SHA512Managed(); hashString = ByteToHex(hasher.ComputeHash(hashStream)); } hashStream.Close(); hashStream.Dispose(); hashStream = null; return hashString; } /// <summary> /// Converts a byte array to a hex string /// </summary> /// <param name="data">Byte array</param> /// <returns>Hex string</returns> public static string ByteToHex(byte[] data) { StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); foreach (byte hashByte in data) { builder.Append(string.Format("{0:X1}", hashByte)); } return builder.ToString(); } /// <summary> /// Converts a hex string to a byte array /// </summary> /// <param name="hexString">Hex string</param> /// <returns>Byte array</returns> public static byte[] HexToByte(string hexString) { byte[] returnBytes = new byte[hexString.Length / 2]; for (int i = 0; i <= returnBytes.Length - 1; i++) { returnBytes[i] = byte.Parse(hexString.Substring(i * 2, 2), System.Globalization.NumberStyles.HexNumber); } return returnBytes; } } } And her is what I've got for Java code so far, but I'm getting the error "Input length must be multiple of 8 when decrypting with padded cipher" when I run the test on this: import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException; import java.security.InvalidKeyException; import javax.crypto.Cipher; import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException; import javax.crypto.SecretKey; import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec; import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec; import com.tdocc.utils.Base64; public class TripleDES { private static byte[] keyBytes = { 110, 32, 73, 24, 125, 66, 75, 18, 79, (byte)150, (byte)211, 122, (byte)213, 14, (byte)156, (byte)136, (byte)171, (byte)218, 119, (byte)240, 81, (byte)142, 23, 4 }; private static byte[] ivBytes = { 25, 117, 68, 23, 99, 78, (byte)231, (byte)219 }; public static String encryptText(String plainText) { try { if (plainText.isEmpty()) return plainText; return Base64.decode(TripleDES.encrypt(plainText)).toString(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } public static byte[] encrypt(String plainText) throws InvalidKeyException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException, NoSuchPaddingException { try { final SecretKey key = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, "DESede"); final IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(ivBytes); final Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DESede/CBC/PKCS5Padding"); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key, iv); final byte[] plainTextBytes = plainText.getBytes("utf-8"); final byte[] cipherText = cipher.doFinal(plainTextBytes); return cipherText; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } public static String decryptText(String message) { try { if (message.isEmpty()) return message; else return TripleDES.decrypt(message.getBytes()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } public static String decrypt(byte[] message) { try { final SecretKey key = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, "DESede"); final IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(ivBytes); final Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DESede/CBC/PKCS5Padding"); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, iv); final byte[] plainText = cipher.doFinal(message); return plainText.toString(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } }

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  • Looking for FTP server that allows user management from database

    - by hughesdan
    I'm planning a server application that will handle files uploaded via FTP. The application must parse text documents that it receives and write them to a database (most likely a document-oriented database like Mongo). And the application must also relay all large binary files it receives to Amazon S3 for storage and hosting. I'd like to manage all aspects of the FTP server programmatically. For example, when a user registers via a web page the application should be able to create the user account in the database and provision a directory on the server for receiving files. I'm using a Linux server but am otherwise open to considering any programming language or framework. I experimented with VSFTPD but didn't like the way the application relies on config files and the creation of users and directories via the command line. Can someone please recommend what server framework I should consider? I'm a little biased toward solutions that leverage Javascript/Nodejs or Python. However, I'm open to anything that can run on a Linux box.

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  • What is a good starter-project in Perl?

    - by Vivin Paliath
    A buddy of mine wants to learn Perl. He asked me how to go about it. I told him: To learn Perl, you must first write Perl code. This was seconded by another buddy of mine who writes a lot of good Perl code. It's very zen, but not helpful. The problem is that this is exactly how I learnt to write Perl. At my very first job I had to implement something in Perl and I pretty much just jumped into it and waded and stumbled around until I figured it out. I was thinking that the best way for him to learn Perl would be to do a small project in Perl. The problem is, I can't think of anything that would be a good starter-project in Perl. For just basic learning and understanding concepts, I have recommended going to PerlMonks, to read Learning Perl, and also to look at Perl Best Practices. Aside from this, I think a good starter-project would be useful for him to get a grasp of the language. Any suggestions?

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  • Using Groovy as a scripting language...

    - by Zombies
    I prefer to use scripting languages for short tasks, anything such as a really simple http bot, bulk importing/exporting data to/from somewhere, etc etc... Basic throw-away scripts and simple stuff. The point being, that a scripting language is just an efficient tool to write quick programs with. As for my understanding of Groovy at this point... If you were to program in Groovy, and you wan't to write a quick script, wouldn't you be forced to going back to regular java syntax (and we know how that can be convoluted compared to a scripting language) in order to do anything more complicated? For example, if I want to do some http scripting, wouldn't I just be right back at using java syntax to invoke Commons HttpClient? To me, the point of a scripting language is for quickly typed and less forced constructs. And here is another thing, it doesn't seem that there is any incentive for groovy based libraries to be developed when there are already so many good java one's out there, thus making groovy appear to be a Java dependent language with minor scripting features. So right now I am wondering if I could switch to Groovy as a scripting language or continue to use a more common scripting language such as Perl, Python or Ruby.

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  • Getting Vars to bind properly across multiple files

    - by Alex Baranosky
    I am just learning Clojure and am having trouble moving my code into different files. I keep detting this error from the appnrunner.clj - Exception in thread "main" java.lang.Exception: Unable to resolve symbol: -run-application in this context It seems to be finding the namespaces fine, but then not seeing the Vars as being bound... Any idea how to fix this? Here's my code: APPLICATION RUNNER - (ns src/apprunner (:use src/functions)) (def input-files [(resource-path "a.txt") (resource-path "b.txt") (resource-path "c.txt")]) (def output-file (resource-path "output.txt")) (defn run-application [] (sort-files input-files output-file)) (-run-application) APPLICATION FUNCTIONS - (ns src/functions (:use clojure.contrib.duck-streams)) (defn flatten [x] (let [s? #(instance? clojure.lang.Sequential %)] (filter (complement s?) (tree-seq s? seq x)))) (defn resource-path [file] (str "C:/Users/Alex and Paula/Documents/SoftwareProjects/MyClojureApp/resources/" file)) (defn split2 [str delim] (seq (.split str delim))) (defstruct person :first-name :last-name) (defn read-file-content [file] (apply str (interpose "\n" (read-lines file)))) (defn person-from-line [line] (let [sections (split2 line " ")] (struct person (first sections) (second sections)))) (defn formatted-for-display [person] (str (:first-name person) (.toUpperCase " ") (:last-name person))) (defn sort-by-keys [struct-map keys] (sort-by #(vec (map % [keys])) struct-map)) (defn formatted-output [persons output-number] (let [heading (str "Output #" output-number "\n") sorted-persons-for-output (apply str (interpose "\n" (map formatted-for-display (sort-by-keys persons (:first-name :last-name)))))] (str heading sorted-persons-for-output))) (defn read-persons-from [file] (let [lines (read-lines file)] (map person-from-line lines))) (defn write-persons-to [file persons] (dotimes [i 3] (append-spit file (formatted-output persons (+ 1 i))))) (defn sort-files [input-files output-file] (let [persons (flatten (map read-persons-from input-files))] (write-persons-to output-file persons)))

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  • Python - Code snippet not working on Python 2.5.6, using IDLE

    - by Francisco P.
    Hello, everyone I am using a piece of self-modifying code for a college project. Here it is: import datetime import inspect import re import sys def main(): # print the time it is last run lastrun = 'Mon Jun 8 16:31:27 2009' print "This program was last run at ", print lastrun # read in the source code of itself srcfile = inspect.getsourcefile(sys.modules[__name__]) f = open(srcfile, 'r') src = f.read() f.close() # modify the embedded timestamp timestamp = datetime.datetime.ctime(datetime.datetime.now()) match = re.search("lastrun = '(.*)'", src) if match: src = src[:match.start(1)] + timestamp + src[match.end(1):] # write the source code back f = open(srcfile, 'w') f.write(src) f.close() if __name__=='__main__': main() Unfortunately, it doesn't work. Error returned: # This is the script's output This program is last run at Mon Jun 8 16:31:27 2009 # This is the error message Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\Rui Gomes\Desktop\teste.py", line 30, in <module> main() File "C:\Users\Rui Gomes\Desktop\teste.py", line 13, in main srcfile = inspect.getsourcefile(sys.modules[__name__]) File "C:\Python31\lib\inspect.py", line 439, in getsourcefile filename = getfile(object) File "C:\Python31\lib\inspect.py", line 401, in getfile raise TypeError('{!r} is a built-in module'.format(object)) TypeError: <module '__main__' (built-in)> is a built-in module I'd be thankful for any solutions.

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  • Apache Sending "Content-Length : 0" , How to Fix ?

    - by ServerZilla
    Hi, I am using Apache server and it is sending Content-Length = 0 value which is preventing file-downloads, see - http://www.youtubedroid.com/download2.php?v=%5F3XcMEKNws0&title=Akhila+%2CMumbai+reloaded%2CSuper+dancer+2&hq=0 , here are my .htaccess content : SetEnv no-gzip dont-vary Here are headers sent by the server : HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Tue, 15 Dec 2009 06:12:11 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.14 (Unix) mod_ssl/2.2.14 OpenSSL/0.9.8e-fips-rhel5 mod_bwlimited/1.4 X-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.11 Content-Description: File Transfer Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Akhila ,Mumbai reloaded,Super dancer 2.mp3" Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary Expires: 0 Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0 Pragma: public X-Sendfile: ./tmp/64eb3b185e38af95c15405ffb0606e76.mp3 Content-Length: 0 Keep-Alive: timeout=5, max=95 Connection: Keep-Alive Content-Type: application/octet-stream Pls. tell how to fix this ?

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  • HP-UX - custom rsync path

    - by stack_zen
    Hi. There are a range of HP-UX 11.11 hosts I'm unable to install rsync (I'm limited to a non-privileged user) I've extracted both rsync binary and libpopt.sl, libiconv.sl, libintl.sl from the depots into one of that user's directories: /home/zenith/rsync/ Problem is, I can't get my RH Linux box communicating with it: rsync -e --rsync-path=/home/zenith/rsync/rsync --compress=9 -pgtov --filter=+rs_/'*.log' --exclude='*' [email protected]:/home/zenith/service/logs/ /u01/rsync_depot/service/192.102.14.18/ /usr/lib/dld.sl: Can't find path for shared library: libintl.sl /usr/lib/dld.sl: No such file or directory sh: 1644 Abort(coredump) I've added to the remote host .profile export SHLIB_PATH=/usr/lib:/home/zenith/rsync export PATH=$PATH:/home/zenith/rsync but still, no libintl.sl is found. How can I initialize the correct env variable/ get this to work?

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  • LINQ-to-XML selection based on node values, newbie question

    - by mmcglynn
    Given the following XML, I would like to return all eventtitles where the eventtype id = 23. My current query only looks at the first eventtype, so returns the wrong result. <event> <eventtitle>Garrison Keillor</eventtitle> <eventtypes> <eventtype id="24"/> <eventtype id="23"/> </eventtypes> </event> <event> <eventtitle>Joe Krown Trio featuring Walter Wolfman Washington</eventtitle> <eventtypes> <eventtype id="23"/> </eventtypes> </event> LINQ query: Dim query = _ From c In calXML...<event> _ Where c...<eventtypes>.<eventtype>.@id = "23" _ Select c.<eventtitle>.Value, c.<eventlocation>.Value For Each item In query Response.Write("<h3>" & item.eventtitle & "</h3>") Response.Write(item.eventlocation & "<br />") Next

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  • Suggest me solution to track the change in test DB and replicate in Another DB

    - by Pranav
    Suggest me solution to track the change in test DB and replicate in Another DB... My Client need a script or any solution, if he has two Database, One Test DB in which he tests his data on test portal and if he find it appropriate he can use those changes to be done in main DB to display on Live site.. Fior this he needs the solution to record or track all updation/deletion/insertion, so that he can do the same in main DB if found appropriate, NOTE: we have only one server, no separate server, hence binary log replication doesnt seems to be working for my case..

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  • Unexpected Blank lines in python output

    - by Martlark
    I have a bit of code that runs through a dictionary and outputs the values from it in a CSV format. Strangely I'm getting a couple of blank lines where all the output of all of the dictionary entries is blank. I've read the code and can't understand has anything except lines with commas can be output. The blank line should have values in it, so extra \n is not the cause. Can anyone advise why I'd be getting blank lines? Other times I run the missing line appears. Missing line: 6415, 6469, -4.60, clerical, 2, ,,,joe,030193027org,joelj,030155640dup Using python 2.6.5 Bit of code: tfile = file(path, 'w') tfile.write('Rec_ID_A, Rec_ID_B, Weight, Assigned, Run, By, On, Comment\n') rec_num_a = 0 while (rec_num_a <= max_rec_num_a): try: value = self.dict['DA'+str(rec_num_a)] except: value = [0,0,0,'rejected'] if (value[3]!='rejected'): weightValue = "%0.2f" % value[2] line = value[0][1:] + ', ' + value[1][1:] + ', ' + weightValue \ + ', ' + str(value[3]) + ', ' + str(value[4]) if (len(value)>5): line = line + ', ' + value[5] + ',' + value[6] + ',' + value[7] (a_pkey, b_pkey) = self.derive_pkeys(value) line = line + a_pkey + b_pkey tfile.write( line + '\n') rec_num_a +=1 Sample output 6388, 2187, 76.50, clerical, 1, ,,,cameron,030187639org,cameron,030187639org 6398, 2103, 70.79, clerical, 1, ,,,caleb,030189225org,caldb,030189225dup 6402, 2205, 1.64, clerical, 2, ,,,jenna,030190334org,cameron,020305169dup 6409, 7892, 79.09, clerical, 1, ,,,liam,030191863org,liam,030191863org 6416, 11519, 79.09, clerical, 1, ,,,thomas,030193156org,thomas,030193156org 6417, 8854, 6.10, clerical, 2, ,,,ruby,030193713org,mia,020160397org 6421, 2864, -0.84, clerical, 2, ,,,kristin,030194394org,connou,020023478dup 6423, 413, 75.63, clerical, 1, ,,,adrian,030194795org,adriah,030194795dup

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  • Server Fault Wiki: How does Subnetting Work?

    - by Kyle Brandt
    How does Subnetting Work, and How do you do it by hand or in your head? Can someone explain both conceptually and with several examples? Server Fault gets lots of subnetting homework questions, so we could use an answer to point them to on Server Fault itself. If I have a network, how do I figure out how to split it up? If I am given a netmask, how do I know what the network Range is for it? Sometimes there is a slash followed by a number, what is that number? Sometimes there is a subnet mask, but also a wildcard mask, they seem like the same thing but they are different? Someone mentioned something about knowing binary for this? Not looking for links to other sites (unless maybe you have one post with a bunch of good ones). I already know how to subnet, I just thought it would be nice if Server Fault had a generic subnetting answer.

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  • Having trouble with extension methods for byte arrays

    - by Dave
    I'm working with a device that sends back an image, and when I request an image, there is some undocumented information that comes before the image data. I was only able to realize this by looking through the binary data and identifying the image header information inside. I've been able to make everything work fine by writing a method that takes a byte[] and returns another byte[] with all of this preamble "stuff" removed. However, what I really want is an extension method so I can write image_buffer.RemoveUpToByteArray(new byte[] { 0x42, 0x4D }); instead of byte[] new_buffer = RemoveUpToByteArray( image_buffer, new byte[] { 0x42, 0x4D }); I first tried to write it like everywhere else I've seen online: public static class MyExtensionMethods { public static void RemoveUpToByteArray(this byte[] buffer, byte[] header) { ... } } but then I get an error complaining that there isn't an extension method where the first parameter is a System.Array. Weird, everyone else seems to do it this way, but okay: public static class MyExtensionMethods { public static void RemoveUpToByteArray(this Array buffer, byte[] header) { ... } } Great, that takes now, but still doesn't compile. It doesn't compile because Array is an abstract class and my existing code that gets called after calling RemoveUpToByteArray used to work on byte arrays. I could rewrite my subsequent code to work with Array, but I am curious -- what am I doing wrong that prevents me from just using byte[] as the first parameter in my extension method?

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  • Update element values using xml.dom.minidom

    - by amnesia-55
    Hello, I have an XML structure which looks similar to: <Store> <foo> <book> <isbn>123456</isbn> </book> <title>XYZ</title> <checkout>no</checkout> </foo> <bar> <book> <isbn>7890</isbn> </book> <title>XYZ2</title> <checkout>yes</checkout> </bar> </Store> Using xml.dom.minidom only (restrictions) i would like to 1)traverse through the XML file 2)Search/Get for particular element, depending on its parent Example: checkout element for author1, isbn for author2 3)Change/Set that element's value 4)Write the new XML structure to a file Can anyone help here? Thank you! UPDATE: This is what i have done till now import xml.dom.minidom checkout = "yes" def getLoneChild(node, tagname): assert ((node is not None) and (tagname is not None)) elem = node.getElementsByTagName(tagname) if ((elem is None) or (len(elem) != 1)): return None return elem def getLoneLeaf(node, tagname): assert ((node is not None) and (tagname is not None)) elem = node.getElementsByTagName(tagname) if ((elem is None) or (len(elem) != 1)): return None leaf = elem[0].firstChild if (leaf is None): return None return leaf.data def setcheckout(node, tagname): assert ((node is not None) and (tagname is not None)) child = getLoneChild(node, 'foo') Check = getLoneLeaf(child[0],'checkout') Check = tagname return Check doc = xml.dom.minidom.parse('test.xml') root = doc.getElementsByTagName('Store')[0] output = setcheckout(root, checkout) tmp_config = '/tmp/tmp_config.xml' fw = open(tmp_config, 'w') fw.write(doc.toxml()) fw.close()

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  • java distributed cache for low latency, high availability

    - by Shahbaz
    I've never used distributed caches/DHTs like memcached, jboss cache, ehcache, etc. I'm wondering which, if any, is appropriate for my use. First, I'm not doing web applications (as most of these project seem to be geared towards web apps). I write servers (Order Management Systems actually) for financial trading firms. The servers themselves are not too complicated. They need to receive information (market data, orders, executions, etc.) rout them to their destination while possibly transforming some of these messages. I am looking at these products to solve the following problems: * Safe repository of the state of the server. I'd rather build the logic of my application as a bunch of transformers (similar to Apache Camel) and store the state in a 'safe' place * This repository should be distributed: in case one of these data stores crashes, one or two more should be up and I should be able to switch to them seamlessly * This repository should be fast. Single digits milliseconds count here, in other words, systems which consume/process this data are automated systems, not humans clicking on links. This system needs to have high-throughput and low latency. By sending my data outside the process, I am necessarily slowing performance, but I am trying to balance absolute raw speed and absolute protection of data. * This repository should be safe. Similar to the point about several on-line backups, this system needs to write data to disk (potentially more than one disk). I'd really like to stop writing my own 'transaction servers.' Am I correct to be looking into projects such as jboss cache, ehcache, etc.? Thanks

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  • FtpWebRequest Download File

    - by pm_2
    The following code is intended to retrieve a file via FTP. However, I'm getting an error with it. serverPath = "ftp://x.x.x.x/tmp/myfile.txt"; FtpWebRequest request = (FtpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(serverPath); request.KeepAlive = true; request.UsePassive = true; request.UseBinary = true; request.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.DownloadFile; request.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(username, password); // Read the file from the server & write to destination using (FtpWebResponse response = (FtpWebResponse)request.GetResponse()) // Error here using (Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream()) using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(responseStream)) using (StreamWriter destination = new StreamWriter(destinationFile)) { destination.Write(reader.ReadToEnd()); destination.Flush(); } The error is: The remote server returned an error: (550) File unavailable (e.g., file not found, no access) The file definately does exist on the remote machine and I am able to perform this ftp manually (i.e. I have permissions). Can anyone tell me why I might be getting this error?

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  • Shell script to emulate warnings-as-errors?

    - by talkaboutquality
    Some compilers let you set warnings as errors, so that you'll never leave any compiler warnings behind, because if you do, the code won't build. This is a Good Thing. Unfortunately, some compilers don't have a flag for warnings-as-errors. I need to write a shell script or wrapper that provides the feature. Presumably it parses the compilation console output and returns failure if there were any compiler warnings (or errors), and success otherwise. "Failure" also means (I think) that object code should not be produced. What's the shortest, simplest UNIX/Linux shell script you can write that meets the explicit requirements above, as well as the following implicit requirements of otherwise behaving just like the compiler: - accepts all flags, options, arguments - supports redirection of stdout and stderr - produces object code and links as directed Key words: elegant, meets all requirements. Extra credit: easy to incorporate into a GNU make file. Thanks for your help. === Clues === This solution to a different problem, using shell functions (?), Append text to stderr redirects in bash, might figure in. Wonder how to invite litb's friend "who knows bash quite well" to address my question? === Answer status === Thanks to Charlie Martin for the short answer, but that, unfortunately, is what I started out with. A while back I used that, released it for office use, and, within a few hours, had its most severe drawback pointed out to me: it will PASS a compilation with no warnings, but only errors. That's really bad because then we're delivering object code that the compiler is sure won't work. The simple solution also doesn't meet the other requirements listed. Thanks to Adam Rosenfield for the shorthand, and Chris Dodd for introducing pipefail to the solution. Chris' answer looks closest, because I think the pipefail should ensure that if compilation actually fails on error, that we'll get failure as we should. Chris, does pipefail work in all shells? And have any ideas on the rest of the implicit requirements listed above?

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  • Multimedia files written over WAN are getting truncated

    - by Dean
    I use the windows Multimedia API to create .wav files. 1. Open file with mmsioOpen 2. Creates WAVE,frm and data chunks using mmioCreateChunk 3. Write audio data using mmioWrite 4. Ascend out of the chunks using mmioAscend 5. Close file using mmioClose The file is being written into a temporary location, so after it has been closed it gets copied to another location using the CopyFile. This program is written in C++ and works great until the file it is writing resides over a WAN in a different city or country. The end result is a wav file that should be 20-30 seconds long ends up being 4 secodns long. It is always the last bit that is missing, so when you play it back it just stops before then of the recording. I initially thought that maybe I was copying the file too soon so as a test I put in a pause of 30 seconds after closing the file using Sleep(30000), but this made no difference to either it being truncated or by how much. I have modified the program to write to a file in parrallel using CreateFile and WriteFile, and the result is the same, so it is not an issue specifically with the mmio API's. Does anyone have any ideas why this is happening and if there is a work-around to it? I suspect that I may end up having the temporary location on the local drive, but this is quite a big change to the application as well as existing deployments. thanks for everyones time Dean

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  • System.OutOfMemoryException was thrown. at Go60505(RegexRunner ) at System.Text.RegularExpressions.C

    - by Deanvr
    Hi All, I am a c# dev working on some code for a website in vb.net. We use a lot of caching on a 32bit iss 6 win 2003 box and in some cases run into OutOfMemoryException exceptions. This is the code I trace it back to and would like to know if anyone else has has this... Public Sub CreateQueryStringNodes() 'Check for nonstandard characters' Dim key As String Dim keyReplaceSpaces As String Dim r As New Regex("^[-a-zA-Z0-9_]+$", RegexOptions.Compiled) For Each key In HttpContext.Current.Request.Form If Not IsNothing(key) Then keyReplaceSpaces = key.Replace(" ", "_") If r.IsMatch(keyReplaceSpaces) Then CreateNode(keyReplaceSpaces, HttpContext.Current.Request(key)) End If End If Next For Each key In HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString If Not IsNothing(key) Then keyReplaceSpaces = key.Replace(" ", "_") If r.IsMatch(keyReplaceSpaces) Then CreateNode(keyReplaceSpaces, HttpContext.Current.Request(key).Replace("--", "-")) End If End If Next End Sub .NET Framework Version:2.0.50727.3053; ASP.NET Version:2.0.50727.3053 error: Exception of type 'System.OutOfMemoryException' was thrown. at Go60505(RegexRunner ) at System.Text.RegularExpressions.CompiledRegexRunner.Go() at System.Text.RegularExpressions.RegexRunner.Scan(Regex regex, String text, Int32 textbeg, Int32 textend, Int32 textstart, Int32 prevlen, Boolean quick) at System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Run(Boolean quick, Int32 prevlen, String input, Int32 beginning, Int32 length, Int32 startat) at System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.IsMatch(String input) at Xcite.Core.XML.Write.CreateQueryStringNodes() at Xcite.Core.XML.Write..ctor(String IncludeSessionAndPostedData) at mysite._Default.Page_Load(Object sender, EventArgs e) at System.Web.UI.Control.OnLoad(EventArgs e) at System.Web.UI.Control.LoadRecursive() at thanks

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  • python: nonblocking subprocess, check stdout

    - by Will Cavanagh
    Ok so the problem I'm trying to solve is this: I need to run a program with some flags set, check on its progress and report back to a server. So I need my script to avoid blocking while the program executes, but I also need to be able to read the output. Unfortunately, I don't think any of the methods available from Popen will read the output without blocking. I tried the following, which is a bit hack-y (are we allowed to read and write to the same file from two different objects?) import time import subprocess from subprocess import * with open("stdout.txt", "wb") as outf: with open("stderr.txt", "wb") as errf: command = ['Path\\To\\Program.exe', 'para', 'met', 'ers'] p = subprocess.Popen(command, stdout=outf, stderr=errf) isdone = False while not isdone : with open("stdout.txt", "rb") as readoutf: #this feels wrong for line in readoutf: print(line) print("waiting...\\r\\n") if(p.poll() != None) : done = True time.sleep(1) output = p.communicate()[0] print(output) Unfortunately, Popen doesn't seem to write to my file until after the command terminates. Does anyone know of a way to do this? I'm not dedicated to using python, but I do need to send POST requests to a server in the same script, so python seemed like an easier choice than, say, shell scripting. Thanks! Will

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  • move_uploaded_file() error

    - by James R.
    I have a website on free hosting - 000webhost.com and it allows you to upload images. However, when I try to upload an image, I get these errors: Warning: move_uploaded_file(images/SmallSmileyFace.jpg) [function.move-uploaded-file]: failed to open stream: Permission denied in /home/a6621074/public_html/m/write.php on line 76 Warning: move_uploaded_file() [function.move-uploaded-file]: Unable to move '/tmp/phpcmW3mo' to 'images/SmallSmileyFace.jpg' in /home/a6621074/public_html/m/write.php on line 76 This is the code: if (!empty($_FILES['fileImage']['name'])) { // check image type and size if ((($imagetype == 'image/gif') || ($imagetype == 'image/jpeg') || ($imagetype == 'image/pjpeg') || ($imagetype == 'image/png')) && ($imagesize > 0) && ($imagesize <= 32768)) { if ($_FILES['fileImage']['error'] == 0) { //move file $target = 'images/' . $image; if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES['fileImage']['tmp_name'], $target)) { $query = "INSERT INTO reviews (post_date, food_name, location, cafeteria, review, image, rating, user_id) VALUES (NOW(), '$foodname', '$location', '$cafeteria', '$review', '$image', $rate, $id)"; mysqli_query($dbc, $query); //confirm success echo '<p>Thank you for your submission!</p>'; } else { echo '<p class="errmsg">There was a problem uploading your image.</p>'; } } @unlink($_FILES['fileImage']['tmp_name']); } else { echo '<p class="errmsg">The screen shot must be a GIF, JPEG, or PNG image file no greater than 32KB in size.</p>'; } } Any ideas?

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  • Subsonic 3, SimpleRepository, SQL Server: How to find rows with a null field?

    - by desautelsj
    How ca I use Subsonic's Find<T> method to search for rows with a field containing the "null" value. For the sake of the discussion, let's assume I have a c# class called "Visit" which contains a nullable DateTime field called "SynchronizedOn" and also let's assume that the Subsonic migration has created the corresponding "Visits" table and the "SynchronizedOn" field. If I was to write the SQL query myself, I would write something like: SELECT * FROM Visits WHERE SynchronizedOn IS NULL When I use the following code: var visits = myRepository.Find<Visit>(x => x.SynchronizedOn == null); Subsonic turns it into the following SQL query: SELECT * FROM Visits WHERE SynchronizedOn == null which never returns any rows. I tried the following code but it throws an error: visits = repository.Find<Visit>(x => x.SynchronizedOn.HasValue); I was able to use the following syntax: var query = from v in repository.All<Visit>() where v.SynchronizedOn == null orderby v.CreatedOn select v; visits = query.ToList<Visit>(); but it's not as nice an short as using the Find<T> method. Anyone knows how I can specify the "SynchronizedOn IS NULL" condition in the Find<T> method?

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  • Debugging a release only flash problem

    - by Fire Lancer
    I've got an Adobe Flash 10 program that freezes in certain cases, however only when running under a release version of the flash player. With the debug version, the application works fine. What are the best approaches to debugging such issues? I considered installing the release player on my computer and trying to set some kind of non-graphical method of output up (I guess there's some way to write a log file or similar?), however I see no way to have both the release and debug versions installed anyway :( . EDIT: Ok I managed to replace my version of flash player with the release version, and no freeze...so what I know so far is: Flash: Debug Release Vista 32: works works XP PRO 32: works* freeze I gave them the debug players I had to test this Hmm, seeming less and less like an error in my code and more like a bug in the player (10.0.45.2 in all cases)... At the very least id like to see the callstack at the point it freezes. Is there some way to do that without requiring them to install various bits and pieces, e.g. by letting flash write out a log.txt or something with a "trace" like function I can insert in the code in question? EDIT2: I just gave the swf to another person with XP 32bit, same results :(

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  • Add/remove xml tags using a bash script.

    - by sixtyfootersdude
    I have an xml file that I want to configure using a bash script. For example if I had this xml: <a> <b> <bb> <yyy> Bla </yyy> </bb> </b> <c> <cc> Something </cc> </c> <d> bla </d> </a> (confidential info removed) I would like to write a bash script that will remove section <b> (or comment it) but keep the rest of the xml intact. I am pretty new the the whole scripting thing. I was wondering if anyone could give me a hint as to what I should look into. I was thinking that sed could be used except sed is a line editor. I think it would be easy to remove the <b> tags however I am unsure if sed would be able to remove all the text between the <b> tags. I will also need to write a script to add back the deleted section.

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