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• What is the difference between causal models and directed graphical models?

  - by Neil G

  What is the difference between causal models and directed graphical models? or: What is the difference between causal relationships and directed probabilistic relationships? or, even better: What would you put in the interface of a DirectedProbabilisticModel class, and what in a CausalModel class? Would one inherit from the other? Collaborative solution: interface DirectedModel { map<Node, double> InferredProbabilities(map<Node, double> observed_probabilities, set<Node> nodes_of_interest) } interface CausalModel: DirectedModel { bool NodesDependent(set<Node> nodes, map<Node, double> context) map<Node, double> InferredProbabilities(map<Node, double> observed_probabilities, map<Node, double> externally_forced_probabilities, set<Node> nodes_of_interest) }

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• Scala loop returns as Unit and compiler points to "for" syntax?

  - by DeLongey

  Seems like Unit is the theme of my troubles today. I'm porting a JSON deserializer that uses Gson and when it comes to this for loop: def deserialize(json:JsonElement, typeOfT:Type, context:JsonDeserializationContext) = { var eventData = new EventData(null, null) var jsonObject = json.getAsJsonObject for(entry <- jsonObject.entrySet()) { var key = entry.getKey() var element = entry.getValue() element if("previous_attributes".equals(key)) { var previousAttributes = new scala.collection.mutable.HashMap[String, Object]() populateMapFromJSONObject(previousAttributes, element.getAsJsonObject()) eventData.setPreviousAttributes(previousAttributes) eventData } else if ("object".equals(key)) { val `type` = element.getAsJsonObject().get("object").getAsString() var cl = objectMap.get(`type`).asInstanceOf[StripeObject] var `object` = abstractObject.retrieve(cl, key) eventData.setObject(`object`) eventData } } } The compiler spits out the error type mismatch; found : Unit required: com.stripe.EventData and it points to this line here: for(entry <- jsonObject.entrySet()) Questions Confirm that it is indeed the Gson method entrySet() appearing as unit? If not, what part of the code is creating the issue? I've set return types/values for eventData class methods Is there a workaround for the Gson Unit issue? Thanks!

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• Keeping connection to APNs open on App Engine using Modules in Go

  - by user3727820

  I'm trying to implement iOS push notifications for a messageboard app I've written (so like notification for new message ect. ect.) but have no real idea where to start. Alot the current documentation seems to be out of date in regard to keeping persistent TLS connections open to the APNs from App Engine and links to articles about depreciated backends I'm using the Go runtime and just keep getting stuck. For instance, the creation of the socket connection to APNs requires a Context which can only be got from a HTTP request, but architecturally this doesn't seem to make a lot of sense because ideally the socket remains open regardless. Is there any clearer guides around that I'm missing or right now is it a better idea to setup a separate VPS or compute instance to handle it?

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• What is the best way to render sprites using OpenGL?

  - by Sam152

  I have been digging around for the past couple of days for a good way to render small sprites using OpenGL and glut. I have tried different libraries including EasyBMP and a few others but all of them seem to have some sort of problem with them that I cannot solve. I want to be able to take image data (I don't care what format it is or what I have to do to it to get it to work) and under the context of games programming use it on the screen. What is the best way to achieve this? I seem to be running around in circles.

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• Interpreted vs. Compiled vs. Late-Binding

  - by zubin71

  Python is compiled into an intermediate bytecode(pyc) and then executed. So, there is a compilation followed by interpretation. However, long-time Python users say that Python is a "late-binding" language and that it should`nt be referred to as an interpreted language. How would Python be different from another interpreted language? Could you tell me what "late-binding" means, in the Python context? Java is another language which first has source code compiled into bytecode and then interpreted into bytecode. Is Java an interpreted/compiled language? How is it different from Python in terms of compilation/execution? Java is said to not have, "late-binding". Does this have anything to do with Java programs being slighly faster than Python? Itd be great if you could also give me links to places where people have already discussed this; id love to read more on this. Thank you.

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• Error in asp.net C#

  - by Ishan

  How to pass Editor1 as Parameter: In my aspx.cs i am giving a call to a function which is in .cs file for the same project, as follows: protected void DropDownList2_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { DropDown abs = new DropDown(); abs.dd(this.DropDownList2, this.DropDownList3); } .CS file code public void dd(DropDownList DropDownList2, DropDownList DropDownList3) { //My code which contains DropDownList2 DropDownList3 and Editor1 } The error that i am getting is: Error 1 The name 'Editor1' does not exist in the current context The way i have passed DropDownList2 and DropDownList3 i am not able to pass Editor1(It is an ajax control). How do i pass it?

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• Vim: multi-file editing - having different makes in different splits

  - by gmatt

  I'm a recent vim convert (from fancy IDEs like eclipse.) I love the :make command in vim and use it extensively; however I also like to edit multiple projects (with separate makefiles.) So usually to edit more than one project I will do pushd project1 vim project1.cpp [suspend signal] pushd ../project2 vim project2.cpp and now I can switch between the two projects with ctrl+z i.e. suspend signal, and fg. When this becomes an issue is when I want to open one project in the context of another so I can do copy/pasting. So if instead in the above I do pushd project1 vim project1.cpp :vsp ../project2/project2.cpp I can edit both concurrently in the same vim process, however I can't effectively build one or the other with the :make command, it will only build project 1. Does anyone have some kind of scheme that gives them the best of both worlds: being able to edit concurrently while still being able to build multiple projects with the :make command all from the same vim process?

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• jQuery Ajax: Copy - Paste thingy

  - by tsiger

  Hi everyone, I have a form where a check an input field for its value and then i do an Ajax call using the typewatch plugin ( a small little thing which detects that the user has stopped typing after a predefined interval ). It works great. As this field is a "coupon discount" in an order form, the value could be entered by copy pasting the "coupon code" from an email or something. It also works with Ctrl+C - Ctrl+V for Copy and paste but not when a user selects the text with the mouse, clicks copy from the context menu and then paste from this menu. Is there a way in jQuery to check for this kind of behaviour in jQuery somehow?

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• SOLR and Natural Language Parsing - Can I use it?

  - by andy

  hey guys, my requirements are pretty similar to this: Requirements http://stackoverflow.com/questions/90580/word-frequency-algorithm-for-natural-language-processing Using Solr While the answer for that question is excellent, I was wondering if I could make use of all the time I spent getting to know SOLR for my NLP. I thought of SOLR because: It's got a bunch of tokenizers and performs a lot of NLP. It's pretty use to use out of the box. It's restful distributed app, so it's easy to hook up I've spent some time with it, so using could save me time. Can I use Solr? Although the above reasons are good, I don't know SOLR THAT well, so I need to know if it would be appropriate for my requirements. Ideal Usage Ideally, I'd like to configure SOLR, and then be able to send SOLR some text, and retrieve the indexed tonkenized content. Context So you guys know, I'm working on a small component of a bigger recommendation engine.

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• iphone: repeating a transformation

  - by gonso

  Hi I'm trying to represent a view that rotates on the iphone screen. I have a button and when you press it, the view rotates 180 degrees. My problem is that this only works the first time. Here is the code: -(IBAction) flip:(id)sender{ CGAffineTransform transform; //the transform matrix to be used below //BEGIN ANIMATIONS [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:NULL]; [UIView setAnimationDuration:2.0]; //animate if (flag){ transform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation( RADIANS(180) ); } else { transform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation( RADIANS(-180) ); } flag = !flag; transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, 0, 0); self.mySuview.transform = transform; //COMMIT ANIMATIONS [UIView commitAnimations]; } The first time you click, the view spins alright, but when you click again NOTHING happens. No errors, no changes on the view. What am I missing? Thanks Gonso

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• Why Could Linq to Sql Submit Changes Fail for Updates Despite Data in Change Set

  - by KevDog

  I'm updating a set of objects, but the update fails on a SqlException that says "Incorrect Syntax near 'Where'". So I crack open SqlProfiler, and here is the generated SQL: exec sp_executesql N'UPDATE [dbo].[Addresses] SET WHERE ([AddressID] = @p0) AND ([StreetAddress] = @p1) AND ([StreetAddress2] = @p2) AND ([City] = @p3) AND ([State] = @p4) AND ([ZipCode] = @p5) AND ([CoordinateID] = @p6) AND ([CoordinateSourceID] IS NULL) AND ([CreatedDate] = @p7) AND ([Country] = @p8) AND (NOT ([IsDeleted] = 1)) AND (NOT ([IsNonSACOGZip] = 1))',N'@p0 uniqueidentifier,@p1 varchar(15),@p2 varchar(8000),@p3 varchar(10),@p4 varchar(2),@p5 varchar(5),@p6 uniqueidentifier,@p7 datetime,@p8 varchar(2)',@p0='92550F32-D921-4B71-9622-6F1EC6123FB1',@p1='125 Main Street',@p2='',@p3='Sacramento',@p4='CA',@p5='95864',@p6='725E7939-AEE3-4EF9-A033-7507579B69DF',@p7='2010-06-15 14:07:51.0100000',@p8='US' Sure enough, no set statement. I also called context.GetChangeSet() and the proper values are in the updates section. Also, I checked the .dbml file and all of the properties Update Check values are 'Always'. I am completely baffled on this one, any help out there?

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• Adding Colours (Colors) Together like Paint (Blue + Yellow = Green, etc)

  - by glenstorey

  I'm making an iOS game using cocos2d libraries. Lets say you have two objects that have two separate colours - defined in RGB as Blue: 0,0,255 Yellow: 255,255,0 I want to add blue and yellow to make green. To over complicate things, let's say that the Blue object is bigger than the Yellow object (for the sake of argument let's say that the ratio is 2:1), I'm adding twice as much blue as yellow - how to I calculate this new (light green) colour correctly. I understand LAB * Color Space is useful for this sort of 'natural colour' kind of thing, but I'm not sure how to use it - especially in the context of a cocos2d object which (AFAIK) is limited to using RGB in its colour schemes. I'd really appreciate practical help on how to implement this. Thanks heaps!

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• UIButton Transition Curl Up problem

  - by Neurofluxation

  Hello again SO peeps! Basically, I am trying to UIViewAnimationTransitionCurlUp a UIButton. The animation works perfectly but the button stays there. i.e. The button curls up, but there is another instance of the button still underneath. My code as follows: [UIButton beginAnimations:nil context:nil]; [UIButton setAnimationDuration:0.5]; [UIButton setAnimationBeginsFromCurrentState:YES]; [UIButton setAnimationTransition:UIViewAnimationTransitionCurlUp forView:self.view cache:YES]; [UIButton commitAnimations];

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• Removing a UIView from its superView and expanding its frame to full screen

  - by Magic Bullet Dave

  I have an object that is a subclass of UIView that can be added to a view hierarchy as a subView. I want to be able to remove the UIView from its superView and add it as a subView of the main window and then expand to full screen. Something along the lines of: // Remove from superView and add to mainWindow [self retain]; [self removeFromSuperView]; [self addSubView:mainWindow]; // Animate to full screen [UIView beginAnimations:@"expandToFullScreen" context:nil]; [UIView setAnimationDuration:1.0]; self.frame = [[UIScreen mainScreen] applicationFrame]; [UIView commitAnimations]; [self release]; Firstly am I on the right lines? Secondly, is there an easily way for the object to get a pointer to the mainWindow? Thanks Dave

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• Passing HttpFileCollectionBase to the Business Layer - Bad?

  - by Terry_Brown

  hopefully there's an easy solution to this one. I have my MVC2 project which allows uploads of files on certain forms. I'm trying to keep my controllers lean, and handle the processing within the business layer of this sort of thing. That said, HttpFileCollectionBase is obviously in the System.Web assembly. Ideally I want to call to something like: UserService.SaveEvidenceFiles(MyUser user, HttpFileCollectionBase files); or something similar and have my business layer handle the logic of how and where these things are saved. But, it feels a little icky to have my models layer with a reference to System.Web in terms of separation of concerns etc. So, we have (that I'm aware of) a few options: the web project handling this, and my controllers getting fatter mapping the HttpFileCollectionBase to something my business layer likes passing the collection through, and accepting that I reference System.Web from my business project Would love some feedback here on best practice approaches to this sort of thing - even if not specifically within the context of the above.

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• Getting closure-compiler and Node.js to play nice

  - by bukzor

  Are there any projects that used node.js and closure-compiler (CC for short) together? The official CC recommendation is to compile all code for an application together, but when I compile some simple node.js code which contains a require("./MyLib.js"), that line is put directly into the output, but it doesn't make any sense in that context. I see a few options: Code the entire application as a single file. This solves the problem by avoiding it, but is bad for maintenance. Assume that all files will be concatenated before execution. Again this avoids the problem, but makes it harder to implement a un-compiled debug mode. I'd like to get CC to "understand" the node.js require() function, but that probably can't be done without editing the compiler itself, can it?

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• JNDI Issues: Jboss 4.2.2 Spring 2.5 and hibernate ejb

  - by jon077

  I have a strange problem, that is causing me some grief. If the following jar is in my classpath: <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>org.hibernate.ejb</artifactId> <version>3.3.2.GA</version> </dependency> My JNDI lookup for my datasource returns null. Here is the basic code I am using to do the lookup: InitialDirContext ctx = new InitialDirContext(env); DataSource dataSource = (DataSource)ctx.lookup("java:dataContent"); Otherwise, the DataSource returns fine from the context. Unfortunately, I need the jar in order to avoid ClassCastExceptions within Jboss 4.2.2. Any help is appreciated.

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• Replacing delimiter characters in file path

  - by salvationishere

  I'm developing a C# web application in VS 2008. I let the user select an input file and then I store the file path in a string variable. However, it stores this path as "C:\\folder\\...". So my question is how do I convert this file path into single "\"? To clarify more, this is my code in context. Currently it is entering the If Directory does not Exist section. protected void btnAppend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string fullpath = Page.Request.PhysicalPath; fullpath.Replace('\\', '\'); if (!Directory.Exists(fullpath)) { string msg = "<h1>The upload path doesn't exist: {0}</h1>";

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• Best solution for language documentation.

  - by Simone Margaritelli

  I'm developing a new object oriented scripting language and the project itself is quite ready for audience now, so i'm starting to think about a serious (not as "drafty" as it is right now) way of document its grammar, functions from standard library and standard library classes. I've looked a bit around and almost every language hash its own web application for the documentation, Python uses Sphinx for instance. Which is the best PHP (don't have the time/will to install mod_who_knows_what on my server) application to accomplish this? I've used mediawiki a bit but i found its tag system a little bit hard to use in this context. Thanks for your answers.

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• Why is it not possible to call RegFree COM and .NET from the VB IDE (VB6 & VBA)?

  - by DangerMouse

  Hi I have an example project with works when called from compiled VB6 but not from the IDE or from Excel's VBE. There are 3 DLLs QA.DLL, QB.DLL, QAW.DLL. QA is written in C#.NET, QB and QAW are written in VB6. QAW is a COM wrapper of QA. In the calling code I create an Activation Context and load a manifest file. All works fine from the exe created with VB6, but not in debug mode in VB6 or in Excel's VBA. I have the full example in zip. Any ideas what it is that is different about the IDE call and why it doesn't work? Many Thx -- DM

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• Operator Overloading with C# Extension Methods

  - by Blinky

  I'm attempting to use extension methods to add an operater overload to the C# StringBuilder class. Specifically, given StringBuilder sb, I'd like sb += "text" to become equivalent to sb.Append("text"); Here's the syntax for creating an extension method for StringBuilder: public static class sbExtensions { public static StringBuilder blah(this StringBuilder sb) { return sb; } } It successfully adds the "blah" extension method to the StringBuilder. Unfortunately, operator overloading does not seem to work: public static class sbExtensions { public static StringBuilder operator +(this StringBuilder sb, string s) { return sb.Append(s); } } Among other issues, the keyword 'this' is not allowed in this context. Are adding operator overloads via extension methods possible? If so, what's the proper way to go about it?

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• Screening (multi)collinearity in a reggresion model

  - by aL3xa

  I hope that this one is not going to be "ask-and-answer" question... here goes: (multi)collinearity refers to extremely high correlations between predictors in the regression model. How to cure them... well, sometimes you don't need to "cure" collinearity, since it doesn't affect regression model itself, but interpretation of an effect of individual predictors. One way to spot collinearity is to put each predictor as a dependent variable, and other predictors as independent variables, determine R2, and if it's larger than .9 (or .95), we can consider predictor redundant. This is one "method"... what about other approaches? Some of them are time consuming, like excluding predictors from model and watching for b-coefficient changes - they should be noticeably different. Of course, we must always bare in mind specific context/goal of analysis... Sometimes, only remedy is to repeat a research, but right now, I'm interested in various ways of screening redundant predictors when (multi)collinearity occurs in a regression model.

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• Programatically Start OSGi (Equinox)?

  - by javamonkey79

  I'd like to be able to easily start an OSGi framework (preferably Equinox) and load up any bundles listed in my pom from a java main. Is this possible? If so, how? It seems like the pax tools would do this, but I can't seem to find any documentation indicating such. I know I can start up Equinox like so: BundleContext context = EclipseStarter.startup( ( new String[] { "-console" } ), null ); But I'd like to do more - like I said: load more bundles in, maybe start some services, etc.

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• Python Game using pyGame with Window Menu elements

  - by Zoja

  Here's the deal. I'm trying to write an arkanoid clone game and the thing is that I need a window menu like you get in pyGTK. For example File-(Open/Save/Exit) .. something like that and opening an "about" context where the author should be written. I'm already using pyGame for writting the game logic. I've tried pgu to write the GUI but that doesn't help me, altough it has those menu elements I'm taking about, you can't include the screen of the game in it's container. Does anybody know how to include such window menus with the usage of pyGame ?

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• Do somthing when animation is ready.

  - by f0rz

  Hi! I have a animation in my navigationbased application. [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:nil]; [UIView setAnimationDuration:1.5]; [UIView setAnimationBeginsFromCurrentState:YES]; [UIView setAnimationTransition:UIViewAnimationTransitionCurlDown forView:self.view cache:YES]; [UIImageView commitAnimations]; Directly after this bit of code i call [self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:NO]; The thing is, I dont want to pop my ViewController before my animation is ready. Can someone point me to right directions here ?

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