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• Unable to install ubuntu on a AMD 64 bit system with a AMD Radeon HD 6670 graphics card

  - by Tom Wingrove

  I’ve been running a dual boot system (Ubuntu/Windows7) for two years or so with no problems. I recently built an AMD 64 Bit System, re-installed Windows but when I went to load Ubuntu inside Windows, hit a snag. The screen view during installation became small square blocks of colour, which obviously is a graphics drive problem. I tried various live disks both 32 & 64 bit for, Ubuntu 12.04, 11.10 & 10.10, all but Ubuntu 10.10 had the same problem. Ubuntu 10.10 loaded ok, installed the presented ATI graphics driver as usual but was left with the AMD Unsupported watermark at the bottom right of the screen. The graphics card installed in the computer is an MSI ATI Radeon HD 6670 (in effect an AMD Radeon HD 6670). I am fairly new to linux and while I can install and tweak the OS, I am rather baffled as to what to do. So my question is will an up to date ATI Driver be released in the near future for installation/live disks? Or am I going to have to downgrade my graphics card to use linux? Yours Tom Wingrove

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• Ubuntu 12.04 Freezes at Bootup

  - by Ryan Yu

  I have an Acer Aspire One Model AO722, that has a dual-boot configuration with Windows 7 Home Premium and Ubuntu 12.04. Processor: AMD C-50, 1.00GHz 2.00GB ram, 64-bit, AMD Radeon HD 6250 Graphics. I installed Ubuntu two days ago, and since then, loading it has been sporadic. Windows 7 still loads just fine, but Ubuntu will sometimes freeze. First time I booted Ubuntu up, it ran no problem. Worked with it for half an hour, then shut down the computer. The second time I booted it up, it froze after ten minutes when I was trying to set up Thunderbird. Third time, same thing. Fourth time, it froze about 5 minutes after bootup when I was trying to connect to my wifi. Fifth time, it ran no problems for about 5~ hours. Then, three consecutive times I've restarted (what is it, the 6th, 7th, and 8th times?) it has gotten to the login screen, I've entered my password, all the text on the page disappears as if its going to load my desktop, and it freezes. A minute ago when I booted Ubuntu up for the 9th time, it loaded the desktop fine. Who knows if it'll crash soon; probably, though. Any ideas?

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• 11.10 liveCD black screen

  - by Shaun Killingbeck

  Attempting to install/try ubuntu 11.10 on my new laptop, using a liveCD (and tried USB). I get the purple screen (with the man/keyboard at the bottom) and after that the screen flashes bright white before going black. Ubuntu continues to load in the background, with login sound etc but the screen is off. I have tried as many different solutions as I could find including: using nomodestep, xforcevesa, i915.modeset=0 in boot options (seperately): varying consequences, but either I end up at a blinking cursor with no prompt, a command line (startx fails: no screen found), or the original blank screen again Tried booting from VirtualBox - it crashes at the same place the screen would go blank when using a CD/USB tried 11.04: I don't have this problem BUT when trying to install, I get a ubi-partman error 141 (possibly down to the three partitions that came on my laptop... not sure why HP needed there own separate partition for HP Tools...) Model: HP Pavillion DV6 6B08SA Processor: AMD Quad-Core A6-3410MX APU with Radeon HD 6545G2 Dual Graphics (1.6 GHZ 4 MB L2 cache ) Chipset: AMD RS880M Any help would be greatly appreciated. I just want to be able to partition the drive and install Ubuntu. I'm assuming the issue is graphics card related, although I have no confirmation of that. I have caught a glimpse of some output to do with pulseaudio and [fail], but I can't imagine why that would cause a screen problem and the sound definitely works anyway.

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• Ubuntu server 11.04 recognize only 1 core instead of 4

  - by Kreker

  I searched for other questions and googled a lot but I don't find a solution for solving this problem. Ubuntu Server 11.04 64bit installed on Dell Poweredge with Intel Xeon X5450. He only recognize 1 of the 4 cores I have. Tried to modify the GRUB config but didn't work. IN the machine BIOS I didn't find anything useful. CPU root@darwin:~# cat /proc/cpuinfo processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 23 model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU X5450 @ 3.00GHz stepping : 10 cpu MHz : 2992.180 cache size : 6144 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 1 core id : 0 cpu cores : 1 apicid : 0 initial apicid : 0 fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 13 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 xsave lahf_lm dts tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority bogomips : 5984.36 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 38 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management: GRUB root@darwin:~# cat /etc/default/grub # If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update # /boot/grub/grub.cfg. # For full documentation of the options in this file, see: # info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration' GRUB_DEFAULT=0 #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true GRUB_TIMEOUT=2 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian` GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="noapic nolapic" #was with acpi=off # Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs # This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains # the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...) #GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef" # Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only) #GRUB_TERMINAL=console # The resolution used on graphical terminal # note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE # you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo' #GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480 # Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux #GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true # Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries #GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true" # Uncomment to get a beep at grub start #GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1" Complete dmesg Too long, posted on pastebin http://pastebin.com/bsKPBhzu

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• How to Use a PIN Instead of a Password in Windows 8

  - by Taylor Gibb

  Entering your full password on a touch screen device can really become a pain in the neck, luckily for us we can link a short 4 digit PIN to our user account and log in with that instead. Note: PIN codes are nowhere near as safe as using an alphanumeric password, however, they do still have a purpose when you don’t want to enter your 15 character password on a touch screen device. Creating a PIN Press the Win + I keyboard combination to bring up the Settings Charm, then click on the Change PC settings link. This will open up the Modern UI PC Settings app, where you can click on the Users section. On the right hand side you will see a Create a PIN button, click on it. Now you will need to verify that you are the owner of this user account by entering your password. Then you can choose a PIN, remember that it can only contain digits. Now when you get to the login screen you will have the option to use a PIN. How To Boot Your Android Phone or Tablet Into Safe Mode HTG Explains: Does Your Android Phone Need an Antivirus? How To Use USB Drives With the Nexus 7 and Other Android Devices

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• Laptop runs HOT after 12.10 upgrade!

  - by dinkelk

  I was running 12.04 for 6 months, my laptop ran almost silently and cool enough to hold on my lap. I updated to 12.10 and now my computer gets too hot to hold on my lap and the fan is constantly running on full blast. This is the output of sensors: acpitz-virtual-0 Adapter: Virtual device temp1: +84.0°C (crit = +99.0°C) coretemp-isa-0000 Adapter: ISA adapter Physical id 0: +84.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C) Core 0: +74.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C) Core 1: +72.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C) Core 2: +75.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C) Core 3: +84.0°C (high = +86.0°C, crit = +100.0°C) radeon-pci-0100 Adapter: PCI adapter temp1: +76.0°C I have an HP Pavilion dv6, i7, amd radeon graphics. Please let me know if you need additional information. What could be different between the two Ubuntu additions that caused such a drastic change? Edit 1: Per @Paul's suggestion, I ran htop to try to narrow down the problem. Here is the result! This is about 10 minutes after boot-up, htop, yakuake, and a chrome page with 1 tab opened to this question are all that I have manually opened. The most taxing program to the CPU is htop itself. I think that the problem must lie elsewhere; my temps are already up to ~65C for the CPU and ~69C for the GPU, with nearly 0% CPU usage.

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• Force startx to run X in a specific resolution and refresh Rate

  - by Z9iT

  From my past experience (using Win-Xp), this particular monitor works only on 60Hz , Best resolution being 1024x768. I have "installed and configured" Ubuntu 12.04 Minimal (on USB stick) so that most of the time terminal is used, however, whenever there is a need to enter GUI, I may issue startx command to go into gnome. However the problem is that on this particular system, issuing this command poses problem because its default refresh rate won't synchronize with the monitor. The display keep on flickering and utterly unreadable. It is visible that gnome has been loaded and default wallpaper and desktop items are visible. But the problem is due to refresh rate different than 60Hz. I am looking for a command attribute to startx command which will force the refresh rate to 60Hz and resolution preferably to 1204x768 I can open terminals with Ctrl+Alt+T and enter commands. Key combinations like Ctrl+Alt+NumPlus works flawlessly in distributions like solaris, but it's not working for me. Also the commands like xrandr -r 60 60 being refresh rate wont work. The same problem is faced even when I boot from a live CD

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• "Unable to install GRUB in /dev/sda" when installing GRUB

  - by vicban3d

  I recently bought a shiny new Lenovo Yoga 2 Pro and I want to dual boot it with Ubuntu for studying purposes. Its built-in OS is Windows 8.1 and it has a 256GB SSD. I've made a separate 90GB partition just for Ubuntu and a live USB to install it. The first time everything seemed to work great, I solved the wifi issued by blacklisting ideapad_laptop, the installation went flawlessly and Ubuntu worked fine. When I got up the next morning and turned on my laptop it booted into Windows right away without ever showing the GRUB menu. So I tried to reset, and checked my partitions with the Disk Manager and everything looked fine. Since I couldn't find a solution online I went ahead and formatted the partition to try and install again. This time and every time since, the installation was aborted and I got a fatal error saying: Unable to install GRUB in /dev/sda Executing `grub-install /dev/sda` failed. This is a fatal error. Can anyone please suggest a solution to this problem? If any further information is needed I would be happy to provide it. Thanks. When installing I get the following in details: ubuntu kernel: [ 1946.372741] FAT-fs (sda2): error, fat_get_cluster: invalid cluster chain (i_pos 0). ubuntu grub-installer: error: Running 'grub-install --force failed.

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• Kubuntu 11.10 very slow during file I/O

  - by dko

  After updating to Kubuntu 11.10, my file I/O performance has slowly just gotten worse and worse. It is to the point where I'm getting 1 MB/s write/read speeds to the drive. If I download something, the whole machine becomes unresponsive for at times up to 30 seconds. This usually causes a timeout in the download and the download then stops. Even extracting archive files, while extracting the computer is just unusable on top of the terrible read/write speeds. It isn't the drive as I have Windows installed as well and when I boot to it I have no issues with the drive. I did not have this issue using Kubuntu 11.04 and am thinking of downgrading. However, I'd much rather help out the Ubuntu community by working through these issues. I'm starting to lean towards the new Linux Kernel is just not working well with file handles. During file I/O my system usage does pick up, but it is not 100% CPU usage. My system is as follows. Samsung 2 TB hard disk drive AMD Phenom II x6 1055 4 GB RAM (only one in use according to system monitor) ATI 5850 HD

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• can't get a good install:11.10 server

  - by jack

  I screwed up my partitioning aparently tring to get lvm and raid1 going. the machine is an intel dual core dt with 2 gig of ram and 2 sata drives, one 250g and the other 500g. This a build for my school in n.e. Thailand. we have 20+ clients now, a website, email. Our old server is dying fast and we are going to add another 12 stations next week. I really need some help here! 1. have onboard gigabit ethernet that aparently uses same driver as realtek 811c. I installed a pcie gigabit card also 811c. At several points the eth0 has accessed the internet fine, but the eth1 will not communicate. 2. I saw a "fix" for this online which from root: rmmod r8169. this imediately killed the working onboard card. 3.I tried to re-install 11.10 figuring that would re-install r8169. However I messed something up in my partitioning and can't get a clean boot now. 6. so I think after 12 re-installs or so and 2 days. I can get through it right if I can start over with clean drives, but I can't figure out how to empty them out what with soft raid and lvm partitions. seems like i've had it going well and then trying to fix that one little problem, i go backwards.Please help! please send email.-thanks

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• What can I do to utilize all my hard disk space?

  - by Twatcher

  I had windows XP running on my computer. Then I installed Ubuntu from under windows. Then I decided I wanted to have only Ubuntu also because I got a system message that I am out of disk space. I loaded up my system from a live Ubuntu DVD and deleted the partition with windows on it and also the other partition that had my data on it. I expanded the partition which I thought to be the system partition (since there was no other partition left It had ext format. After that Ubuntu was working fine and I thought I have enough disk space, since my harddrive is an 80 GB ATA Maxtor. I left a small partition as backup. But after downloading a small amount of files I got the message again, that I am running out of disk space. I don't now. How can UI make my disk space bigger? I am not used to Ubuntu's file system, and I don't have the overview on how I can actually see how much space there is left for me to use. I have basically now 1 partition with the system on it and one small backup (as far as I understand). My system is (from system utility) Ubuntu 12.04 LS 3,9 GB Intel Core 2 2,4 Ghz 80 GB ATA Maxtor Here are the results for sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 80.0 GB, 79998918144 bytes<br> 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9725 cylinders, total 156247887 sectors<br> Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes<br> Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes<br> I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes<br> Disk identifier: 0x41ab2316<br> Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System<br> /dev/sda1 * 63 123750399 61875168+ 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT<br> /dev/sda2 123750400 156246015 16247808 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT<br>

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• Automatic syncing USB HD drive to local HD (different computers)

  - by luri

  I have a desktop PC at work, and a laptop at home.... or elsewhere. What I want to do is use a USB HD to store my documents (about 130 Gb, maybe more). That would serve as backup and also port my files to my laptop. I'd like any of both computers to automatically sync all files there with local copies, so that I can work at either of them and keep updated copies of everything in both (plus the USB drive, which would allow me to work in other computers, too, apart from being another backup). Dropbox ins't a solution for me, due to pricing and 100Gb limit. The workflow would be as follows, to clear things up: I work on PC1. Changes in files are automatically synced to USB whenever a file is modified. I go home and boot PC2. I plug the usb drive and local files are synced (if changed) with the most recent usb copies. While I work at PC2, again, changes in files spread to my USB drive. Whenever I go to PC1 again, I plug my usb and again everything synces. So the questions would be: a) Am I crazy? b) Can it be done? c) Will I have any file conflicts (provided I'm the only one that will modify the files)?

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• How to disable an "always there" program if it isn't in the processes list?

  - by rumtscho

  I have Crashplan and it is constantly running in the background and making backups every 15 minutes. It caused some problems with the backup target folders, so I want it to be inactive while I am making changes to these folders. I started the application itself, but could not find some kind of "Pause" button. So I decided to just stop its process. I first tried the lazy way - the system monitor in the Gnome panel has a "Processes" tab - but didn't find it listed there. Then I did a sudo ps -A and read through the whole list. I don't recognize everything on the list (many process names are self-explaining, like evolution-alarm, but I don't recognize others like phy0) but there was nothing which sounded even remotely like crashplan. But I know that there must have been a process belonging to Crashplan running at this time, because the main Crashplan window was open when I ran the command. Do you have any advice how to stop this thing from running? The best solution would involve temporary preventing it from loading on boot too, since I may need to reboot while doing the maintenance there.

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• Building own kernel on ubuntu

  - by chris

  Hi, I'm trying to build my own kernel, as I want to write a kernel program which I need to compile into the kernel. So what did I do? Download from kernel.org, extract, do the make menuconfig and configure everything as needed, do a make, do a make modules_install, do a make install and finally do a update-grub. Result: It doesn't boot at all.... Now I had a look here and it describes a different way of compiling a kernel. Could this be the reason whz my way did not work? Or does anyone else have an idea why my kernel doesn't work? ######## Edit Great answer, ty. Oli. But I tried it the old fashioned way, and after one hour of compiling I got this message: install -p -o root -g root -m 644 ./debian/templates.master /usr/src/linux-2.6.37.3/debian/linux-image-2.6.37.3meinsmeins/DEBIAN/templates dpkg-gencontrol -DArchitecture=i386 -isp \ -plinux-image-2.6.37.3meinsmeins -P/usr/src/linux-2.6.37.3/debian/linux-image-2.6.37.3meinsmeins/ dpkg-gencontrol: error: package linux-image-2.6.37.3meinsmeins not in control info make[2]: *** [debian/stamp/binary/linux-image-2.6.37.3meinsmeins] Error 255 make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-2.6.37.3' make[1]: *** [debian/stamp/binary/pre-linux-image-2.6.37.3meinsmeins] Error 2 make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-2.6.37.3' make: *** [kernel-image] Error 2

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• Ubuntu running like mud, system hangs and looks like its running at 3FPS

  - by user240803

  the system specks: AMD XP 3200+ 1GB DDR 333 RAM 160 GB HD IDE NVIDIA FX 5500 AGP Video Card Compaq Presario sr1230nx the system takes forever to boot and when it does it runs like total mud, reminds me of an overloaded system that has too many windows open or something... fresh install tried soo many thing like new memory (it had 512 stick) a new video card (onboard 8mb sis sounded like the problem, but wasn't... has gotten a little faster now but not by much) tried to disable all the things on the motherboard that could be, with no help... this machine runs windows XP, 7, and 8 JUST FINE!!! I mean for a single core CPU WIN8 runs AWESOME!!! BUT I already have a Gaming Desktop that has Windows 8 pro I want a Linux machine to get some time in and learn a few things... I want Ubuntu because of the Software center so I can install things I want until I am familiar with the command line.. I've worked on Computers since I was 12 I remember some of the DOS commands but I guess these are a little different... anyway any ideas? Ive also tried both drivers for the NVIDA card and that didn't help either... its not the card since it did this with both the NVIDA card and the SIS onboard... it also does this on live mode with the USB so I don't think its the HardDrive... I'm running out of options of hardware to try... I know this version of Linux works cuz Ive booted it on other machines and it ran great... what is with this Compaq? here is a vid of exactly what its doing... let me know if you need anything else I am right by the comptuer tonight so ask anything... http://youtu.be/-P-XNo81098

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• Easily Add Program Shortcuts to the Desktop Context Menu in Windows 7

  - by Lori Kaufman

  If you use the Desktop context menu often, wouldn’t it be useful if you could add program shortcuts to it so you can quickly access your favorite apps? We’ve shown you how to do this using a quick registry tweak, but there’s an easier way. DeskIntegrator is a free, portable program that allows you to quickly and easily add applications to the Desktop context menu. It does not need to be installed. Extract the program files from the .zip file you downloaded (see the link at the end of the article) to a location on your hard drive. NOTE: This article shows you how to use DeskIntegrator in Windows 7, but we tested it in Windows 8 Release Preview and it worked there as well. To use DeskIntegrator, you must run it as administrator. Right-click on the DeskIntegrator.exe file and select Run as administrator from the popup menu. HTG Explains: What Is Two-Factor Authentication and Should I Be Using It? HTG Explains: What Is Windows RT and What Does It Mean To Me? HTG Explains: How Windows 8′s Secure Boot Feature Works & What It Means for Linux

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• ksoftirqd uses 100% cpu

  - by andy

  I am running 32bit Ubuntu 10.04. A lot of the times ksoftirqd/0 or ksoftirqd/1 start using up 100% CPU for no apparent reason, and I am forced to reboot my laptop. Incidentally this also happens when I maximize my (youtube) videos on Chrome and Fireox, but once I un-maximize the videos the CPU usage goes down to the original levels. Any ideas what it going on? --- Addendum --- dmesg produces a ~2000 line output. I searched for 'error' and 'warning' in the output, and here are the relevant lines (along with some headers): [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu [ 0.000000] Linux version 2.6.32-21-generic (buildd@yellow) (gcc version 4.4.3 (Ubuntu 4.4.3-4ubuntu5) ) #32-Ubuntu SMP Fri Apr 16 08:09:38 UTC 2010 (Ubuntu 2.6.32-21.32-generic 2.6.32.11+drm33.2) [ 0.000000] Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-21-generic root=UUID=157dcfda-acd6-4d1b-a6a8-ff9ccff61906 ro quiet splash [ 0.000000] KERNEL supported cpus: [ 0.000000] Intel GenuineIntel [ 0.000000] AMD AuthenticAMD [ 0.000000] Centaur CentaurHauls [ 0.000000] BIOS-provided physical RAM map: [ 24.775546] EXT3-fs warning: mounting fs with errors, running e2fsck is recommended [44920.210518] ata1: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake 10B8B Dispar LinkSeq TrStaTrns } [44920.210531] res 40/00:00:f0:4b:7f/00:00:18:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error) [58673.134623] chrome[20101]: segfault at 7f38bc4ad000 ip 00007f38be769ecc sp 00007fff24616850 error 4 in libpepflashplayer.so[7f38bdc08000+e55000] [ 24.775546] EXT3-fs warning: mounting fs with errors, running e2fsck is recommended [44920.210531] res 40/00:00:f0:4b:7f/00:00:18:00:00/40 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error)

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• Why does Unity not extend to my 2nd monitor, even when it is displaying an X-Screen?

  - by Gridwalker

  I recently added a 2nd video card to my system, but unity refuses to extend my desktop over to the second screen. Although the secondary monitor initialises when I boot and I can move the mouse cursor over to the 2nd screen, the screen is otherwise blank (showing no wallpaper or interface elements) and I am unable to move any windows to this monitor. Moving the mouse cursor over to the 2nd monitor changes it from the default cursor to the old-style X cursor, such as the one that appears when you run X-kill, indicating that this screen is initialised in the X Server but that Unity is not recognising it. Although the Nvidia X Server Settings application can see both monitors, the unity systems settings application does not detect the 2nd adapter. Sometimes the additional drivers application can see both adapters, but it doesn't consistently show options for them both. Xrandr also fails to detect the 2nd monitor, but iNex lists both adapters. I have experimented with several different drivers for each adapter and with setting each of the graphics cards as the primary adapter in the BIOS, but this has made little difference. The two adapters are an onboard Geforce 8200 and a PCIE Geforce 7200 GX. The onboard adapter is currently set as the primary, however this adapter crashes whenever I use the Nouveau driver and I have to switch over to the PCIE as a primary whenever I purge the proprietary drivers (switching back when the 304 driver has been reinstalled). It doesn't matter which adapter I set as my primary, the results are the same : one screen showing the unity interface and one screen showing an X-Screen that only displays the mouse cursor. All I want is to be able to run this system in a dual screen configuration. I am not a gamer, nor do I require 3D rendering capabilities. Anything you can suggest to get the desktop to extend across both screens will be massively appreciated!

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• How do I understand the partition table? (I want to start over.)

  - by Sammy Black

  I have Ubuntu 10.04 Lucid installed through wubi on my laptop (it came with Windows 7 preinstalled). This was my first foray into Linux, and I'm here to stay. I have no use for Windows, and yet I must manually choose not to boot into it! Should I shrink the Windows partition to something negligible and grow the Linux one using something like gparted or fdisk, and just be content that everything runs? In that case, I need to understand the filesystems. Which is which? Here's the output of $ df -h: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/loop0 17G 11G 4.5G 71% / none 1.8G 300K 1.8G 1% /dev none 1.8G 376K 1.8G 1% /dev/shm none 1.8G 316K 1.8G 1% /var/run none 1.8G 0 1.8G 0% /var/lock none 1.8G 0 1.8G 0% /lib/init/rw /dev/sda3 290G 50G 240G 18% /host I would prefer to start over with a clean install of 10.10 Maverick, but I fear what I may lose. Certainly, I will backup my home directory tree (gzip?), but what about various pieces of software that I've acquired from the repositories? Can I keep a record of them? By the way, I asked a similar question over on Ubuntu forums.

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• GPU based procedual terrain borders?

  - by OnePie

  I'm working on a game that preferibly should feature a combination of designed and procedually generated terrain where the designer specifies in somewhat detailed terms what type of terrain a given area will have (grasslands, forest etc...) and then a precedual algorithm takes care of the rest. I'm not talking about minecraft style biomoes, but rather the game map for a strategy game. Each 'area' will not take up that much of the screen, and thus be more akin to a tile whose texture is procedually generated. While procedually generating terrain textures on the GPU are not that difficult, the hard part is making the borders between them look good. Currently, the 'tiles' are large enough to be visible (due to memory constraints mainly, we are talking planetary sized textures for a game taking place in space and on a continental ground view with seamless transitions between them) and creating good borders between them with an algorithm that is fast enough to be useful has proven difficult. Sampling the n-surrounding pixels and using the combiened result did not yield very good borders and was fairly slow on the GPU to boot (ca 12ms for me, that is without any lighning or shading and with very simple terrain texture shaders). So are there any practical known methods to solve this problem?

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• Why does my root filesystem keep becoming read-only?

  - by Scott Severance

  I've lately been having an issue with my root filesystem becoming readonly. It happens some amount of time after boot. I don't know exactly when it happens, as I don't usually notice it until something such as suspending the computer or printing fails. It seems to be fairly random. Since most of my system is on that partition, I can't re-mount it without rebooting. After this happens, the system runs a fsck. Sometimes it prompts to fix problems; other times it apparently finds none. To troubleshoot, I've searched through the logs but found nothing relevant. This might be due in part to not knowing when the actual errors took place. The filesystem is apparently good to begin with, as when fsck runs its fixes it doesn't report any errors. I've scanned the disk with SpinRite. A while ago, SpinRite found and recovered from some bad sectors on the hard drive. I ran a level 4 scan (a thorough scan) after this probem appeared, but SpinRite found nothing. The SMART data reports that the disk is OK with 63 bad sectors. The number of bad sectors hasn't changed recently. I realize that the disk isn't in the best of conditions, and I have complete backups in case of catastrophic failure. Yet the lack of errors in the logs, combined with SpinRite's test results and the unchanged SMART data makes me think that this problem has some cause other than disk failure. Other than disk failure, what could cause my symptoms?

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• Slow USB 3.0 speeds

  - by Cygnus X

  Long time forum forager, first time poster. I bought a Toshiba 500 GB usb 3.0 hard drive last week and instantly ran home to see how fast I could push it. On my desktop (that I built) I was able to get 200 MB/sec. On my laptop (MSI FX something or other), which I dual boot Windows 7/Ubuntu 11.10, I was able to get about 120 MB/sec on Windows, but on Ubuntu, i get about 25 MB/sec. lsusb shows: Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0020 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0020 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0bda:0139 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. Bus 002 Device 003: ID 1532:0015 Razer USA, Ltd Bus 004 Device 002: ID 0480:a007 Toshiba America Info. Systems, Inc. lspci -vvv shows that the USB 3.0 host controller is using the kernel driver in use is xhci_hcd. dmesg |grep usb shows: [ 1815.455368] usb 4-1: new SuperSpeed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd [ 1815.475459] scsi7 : usb-storage 4-1:1.0 The built in disk utility says its connected via usb at 705 MB/s, but that's not what it reports when I transfer files over to it. Not really sure what to do at this point. Any help would be very nice, thank you.

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• Lost Windows 7 files

  - by Pader

  My intention was to have a dual boot system with Ubuntu and Windows 7. Obviously I did something wrong because although I had a system menu on booting (is it normal to appear DOS-like?) which gave me an option of booting into windows 7, I was unable to do so. Also, when I booted into Ubuntu, my Windows 7 drive was not available. The Windows 7 drive was an internal 1TB drive partitioned into a 200GB (OS) and a second partition making up the remainder. I was still unable to access this Windows 7 drive even after deleting Ubuntu as I kept getting an 'requires an NTFS drive' error, or something similar. I could not even re-install Windows 7 as the disk was not recognised. I did eventually get the drive back by but I cannot for the life of me remember how. I did try to recover my lost W7 data using Ontrack Easy Recovery (which has always been succesfull in the past for post format recovery) but it would not recognise the 1TB although it was now formatted as NTFS. From other posts on this site, I gather that this is considered a 'Windows 7 Site' problem by Linux users. However, I would dearly love to recover some of my lost Windows 7 files. I had resigned myself to a lot of lost personal data but I happened to notice that a 2TB drive I had connected through a USB docking station had been repartitioned. It must have happened when I installed Ubuntu as I can think of no other explanation. I certainly do not remember consciously requiring Ubuntu to do this. The additional two partitions on the 2TB drive, the original Windows

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• dpkg reporting as installed, uninstalled kernels

  - by Tony Martin

  I have run the following command to remove old kernels: dpkg -l 'linux-*' | sed '/^ii/!d;/'"$(uname -r | sed "s/\(.*\)-\([^0-9]\+\)/\1/")"'/d;s/^[^ ]* [^ ]* \([^ ]*\).*/\1/;/[0-9]/!d' | xargs sudo apt-get -y purge and only the current kernel is now installed, which I have confirmed in synaptic and by checking my boot partition. However, when I run: dpkg --list | grep linux-image I get the following response: rc linux-image-3.13.0-30-generic 3.13.0-30.55 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP rc linux-image-3.13.0-32-generic 3.13.0-32.57 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-3.13.0-34-generic 3.13.0-34.60 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-30-generic 3.13.0-30.55 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-32-generic 3.13.0-32.57 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-extra-3.13.0-34-generic 3.13.0-34.60 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ii linux-image-generic 3.13.0.34.40 amd64 Generic Linux kernel image Probably not a problem, but just wondering why versions -30 and -32 are reported as present. Can it be rectified? TIA

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• How do I rescue files from the encrypted home folder via live USB stick?

  - by Alexia

  I know, this has been asked and answered all over the internet already. However, I start feeling stupid, since the informations there are not helping me. Just this morning, I wanted to install the newest update to 13.10. After the download, when it came to the actual installing, the install program froze and didn't do anything for hours. At that time, I was still logged in. The computer was working and everything was accessable to me. However, I made the mistake and didn't immediately make safety copies of everything. Instead, I just rebooted. Long story short: My computer even fails to reset to a previous version via Grub. But I am able to boot from a USB stick and, after starting Nautilus, I see my home folder on the HD. I would now like to copy its contents onto an external harddisk. Problem 1: I have no rights to access the folder like that. Problem 2: It is encrypted. Problem 3: I don't know how to give myself the rights to access the folder nor do I know how to encrypt it. I assume that it might help that I still know these things: - my old login name - my old login phrase - a 32 characters long string of hexadecimal numbers that I copied to my list of passwords as "Ubuntu Encryption Code". I copied it digitally right after installing Ubuntu the first time and encrypting the home folder, so there won't be any typos. I am sure of that. The solutions that I saw so far, tell me that I need the "encryption phrase". But when I follow the instructions and use this phrase that I have in my list, I only get messages of denial. Can anyone help me through this special problem, please?

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