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• Convert C++Builder AnsiString to std::string via boost::lexical_cast

  - by David Klein

  For a school assignment I have to implement a project in C++ using Borland C++ Builder. As the VCL uses AnsiString for all GUI Components I have to convert all of my std::strings to AnsiString for the sake of displaying. std::string inp = "Hello world!"; AnsiString outp(inp.c_str()); works of course but is a bit tedious to write and code duplication I want to avoid. As we use Boost in other contexts I decided to provide some helper functions go get boost::lexical_cast to work with AnsiString. Here is my implementation so far: std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& istr, AnsiString& str) { istr.exceptions(std::ios::badbit | std::ios::failbit | std::ios::eofbit); std::string s; std::getline(istr,s); str = AnsiString(s.c_str()); return istr; } In the beginning I got Access Violation after Access Violation but since I added the .exceptions() stuff the picture gets clearer. When the conversion is performed I get the following Exception: ios_base::eofbit set [Runtime Error/std::ios_base::failure] Does anyone have an idea how to fix it and can explain why the error occurs? My C++ experience is very limited. The conversion routine the other way round would be: std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& ostr,const AnsiString& str) { ostr << (str.c_str()); return ostr; } Maybe someone will spot an error here too :) With best regards! Edit: At the moment I'm using the edited version of Jem, it works in the beginning. After a while of using the programm the Borland Codeguard mentions some pointer arithmetic in already freed regions. Any ideas how this could be related? The Codeguard log (I'm using the german version, translations marked with stars): ------------------------------------------ Fehler 00080. 0x104230 (r) (Thread 0x07A4): Zeigerarithmetik in freigegebenem Speicher: 0x0241A238-0x0241A258. **(pointer arithmetic in freed region)** | d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\sstream Zeile 126: | { // not first growth, adjust pointers | _Seekhigh = _Seekhigh - _Mysb::eback() + _Ptr; |> _Mysb::setp(_Mysb::pbase() - _Mysb::eback() + _Ptr, | _Mysb::pptr() - _Mysb::eback() + _Ptr, _Ptr + _Newsize); | if (_Mystate & _Noread) Aufrufhierarchie: **(stack-trace)** 0x00411731(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:010731) d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\sstream#126 0x00411183(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:010183) d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\streambuf#465 0x0040933D(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:00833D) d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\streambuf#151 0x00405988(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:004988) d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\ostream#679 0x00405759(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:004759) D:\Projekte\Schule\foschamp\src\Server\Ansistringkonverter.h#31 0x004080C9(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:0070C9) D:\Projekte\Schule\foschamp\lib\boost_1_34_1\boost/lexical_cast.hpp#151 Objekt (0x0241A238) [Größe: 32 Byte] war erstellt mit new **(Object was created with new)** | d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\xmemory Zeile 28: | _Ty _FARQ *_Allocate(_SIZT _Count, _Ty _FARQ *) | { // allocate storage for _Count elements of type _Ty |> return ((_Ty _FARQ *)::operator new(_Count * sizeof (_Ty))); | } | Aufrufhierarchie: **(stack-trace)** 0x0040ED90(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:00DD90) d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\xmemory#28 0x0040E194(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:00D194) d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\xmemory#143 0x004115CF(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:0105CF) d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\sstream#105 0x00411183(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:010183) d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\streambuf#465 0x0040933D(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:00833D) d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\streambuf#151 0x00405988(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:004988) d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\ostream#679 Objekt (0x0241A238) war Gelöscht mit delete **(Object was deleted with delete)** | d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\xmemory Zeile 138: | void deallocate(pointer _Ptr, size_type) | { // deallocate object at _Ptr, ignore size |> ::operator delete(_Ptr); | } | Aufrufhierarchie: **(stack-trace)** 0x004044C6(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:0034C6) d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\xmemory#138 0x00411628(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:010628) d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\sstream#111 0x00411183(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:010183) d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\streambuf#465 0x0040933D(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:00833D) d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\streambuf#151 0x00405988(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:004988) d:\program files\borland\bds\4.0\include\dinkumware\ostream#679 0x00405759(=FOSChampion.exe:0x01:004759) D:\Projekte\Schule\foschamp\src\Server\Ansistringkonverter.h#31 ------------------------------------------ Ansistringkonverter.h is the file with the posted operators and line 31 is: std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& ostr,const AnsiString& str) { ostr << (str.c_str()); **(31)** return ostr; } Thanks for your help :)

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• Java implementing Exception Handling

  - by user69514

  I am trying to implement an OutOfStockException for when the user attempts to buy more items than there are available. I'm not sure if my implementation is correct. Does this look OK to you? public class OutOfStockException extends Exception { public OutOfStockException(){ super(); } public OutOfStockException(String s){ super(s); } } This is the class where I need to test it: import javax.swing.JOptionPane; public class SwimItems { static final int MAX = 100; public static void main (String [] args) { Item [] items = new Item[MAX]; int numItems; numItems = fillFreebies(items); numItems += fillTaxable(items,numItems); numItems += fillNonTaxable(items,numItems); sellStuff(items, numItems); } private static int num(String which) { int n = 0; do { try{ n=Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter number of "+which+" items to add to stock:")); } catch(NumberFormatException nfe){ System.out.println("Number Format Exception in num method"); } } while (n < 1 || n > MAX/3); return n; } private static int fillFreebies(Item [] list) { int n = num("FREEBIES"); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) try{ list [i] = new Item(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("What freebie item will you give away?"), Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("How many do you have?"))); } catch(NumberFormatException nfe){ System.out.println("Number Format Exception in fillFreebies method"); } catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e){ System.out.println("Array Index Out Of Bounds Exception in fillFreebies method"); } return n; } private static int fillTaxable(Item [] list, int number) { int n = num("Taxable Items"); for (int i = number ; i < n + number; i++) try{ list [i] = new TaxableItem(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("What taxable item will you sell?"), Double.parseDouble(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("How much will you charge (not including tax) for each?")), Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("How many do you have?"))); } catch(NumberFormatException nfe){ System.out.println("Number Format Exception in fillTaxable method"); } catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e){ System.out.println("Array Index Out Of Bounds Exception in fillTaxable method"); } return n; } private static int fillNonTaxable(Item [] list, int number) { int n = num("Non-Taxable Items"); for (int i = number ; i < n + number; i++) try{ list [i] = new SaleItem(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("What non-taxable item will you sell?"), Double.parseDouble(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("How much will you charge for each?")), Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("How many do you have?"))); } catch(NumberFormatException nfe){ System.out.println("Number Format Exception in fillNonTaxable method"); } catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e){ System.out.println("Array Index Out Of Bounds Exception in fillNonTaxable method"); } return n; } private static String listEm(Item [] all, int n, boolean numInc) { String list = "Items: "; for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { try{ list += "\n"+ (i+1)+". "+all[i].toString() ; if (all[i] instanceof SaleItem) list += " (taxable) "; if (numInc) list += " (Number in Stock: "+all[i].getNum()+")"; } catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e){ System.out.println("Array Index Out Of Bounds Exception in listEm method"); } catch(NullPointerException npe){ System.out.println("Null Pointer Exception in listEm method"); } } return list; } private static void sellStuff (Item [] list, int n) { int choice; do { try{ choice = Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter item of choice: "+listEm(list, n, false))); } catch(NumberFormatException nfe){ System.out.println("Number Format Exception in sellStuff method"); } }while (JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "Another customer?")==JOptionPane.YES_OPTION); JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Remaining "+listEm(list, n, true)); } }

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• ViewPager cycle between views?

  - by Erdem Azakli

  I want my ViewPager implementation to cycle between views instead of stopping at the last view. For example, if I have 3 views to display via a ViewPager, it should return back to the first View after the third View on fling instead of stopping at that third view. I want it to return to the first page/view when the user flings forward on the last page Thanks, Mypageradapter; package com.example.pictures; import android.content.Context; import android.media.AudioManager; import android.os.Parcelable; import android.support.v4.view.PagerAdapter; import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.View; public class MyPagerAdapter extends PagerAdapter{ SoundManager snd; int sound1,sound2,sound3; boolean loaded = false; public int getCount() { return 6; } public Object instantiateItem(View collection, int position) { View view=null; LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) collection.getContext() .getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE); this.setVolumeControlStream(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC); int resId = 0; switch (position) { case 0: resId = R.layout.picture1; view = inflater.inflate(resId, null); break; case 1: resId = R.layout.picture2; view = inflater.inflate(resId, null); break; case 2: resId = R.layout.picture3; view = inflater.inflate(resId, null); break; case 3: resId = R.layout.picture4; view = inflater.inflate(resId, null); break; case 4: resId = R.layout.picture5; view = inflater.inflate(resId, null); break; case 5: resId = R.layout.picture6; view = inflater.inflate(resId, null); break; } ((ViewPager) collection).addView(view, 0); return view; } @SuppressWarnings("unused") private Context getApplicationContext() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null; } private void setVolumeControlStream(int streamMusic) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @SuppressWarnings("unused") private Context getBaseContext() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null; } @SuppressWarnings("unused") private PagerAdapter findViewById(int myfivepanelpager) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null; } @Override public void destroyItem(View arg0, int arg1, Object arg2) { ((ViewPager) arg0).removeView((View) arg2); } @Override public boolean isViewFromObject(View arg0, Object arg1) { return arg0 == ((View) arg1); } @Override public Parcelable saveState() { return null; } public static Integer getItem(int position) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null; } } OnPageChangeListener; package com.example.pictures; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager; import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.OnPageChangeListener; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.Toast; public class Pictures extends Activity implements OnPageChangeListener{ SoundManager snd; int sound1,sound2,sound3; View view=null; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.picturespage); MyPagerAdapter adapter = new MyPagerAdapter(); ViewPager myPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.myfivepanelpager); myPager.setAdapter(adapter); myPager.setCurrentItem(0); myPager.setOnPageChangeListener(this); snd = new SoundManager(this); sound1 = snd.load(R.raw.sound1); sound2 = snd.load(R.raw.sound2); sound3 = snd.load(R.raw.sound3); } public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int arg0) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } public void onPageScrolled(int arg0, float arg1, int arg2) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } public void onPageSelected(int position) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub switch (position) { case 0: snd.play(sound1); break; case 1: snd.play(sound2); break; case 2: snd.play(sound3); break; case 3: Toast.makeText(this, "1", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case 4: Toast.makeText(this, "2", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; case 5: Toast.makeText(this, "3", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); break; } } };

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• Techniques for modeling a dynamic dataflow with Java concurrency API

  - by Maian

  Is there an elegant way to model a dynamic dataflow in Java? By dataflow, I mean there are various types of tasks, and these tasks can be "connected" arbitrarily, such that when a task finishes, successor tasks are executed in parallel using the finished tasks output as input, or when multiple tasks finish, their output is aggregated in a successor task (see flow-based programming). By dynamic, I mean that the type and number of successors tasks when a task finishes depends on the output of that finished task, so for example, task A may spawn task B if it has a certain output, but may spawn task C if has a different output. Another way of putting it is that each task (or set of tasks) is responsible for determining what the next tasks are. Sample dataflow for rendering a webpage: I have as task types: file downloader, HTML/CSS renderer, HTML parser/DOM builder, image renderer, JavaScript parser, JavaScript interpreter. File downloader task for HTML file HTML parser/DOM builder task File downloader task for each embedded file/link If image, image renderer If external JavaScript, JavaScript parser JavaScript interpreter Otherwise, just store in some var/field in HTML parser task JavaScript parser for each embedded script JavaScript interpreter Wait for above tasks to finish, then HTML/CSS renderer (obviously not optimal or perfectly correct, but this is simple) I'm not saying the solution needs to be some comprehensive framework (in fact, the closer to the JDK API, the better), and I absolutely don't want something as heavyweight is say Spring Web Flow or some declarative markup or other DSL. To be more specific, I'm trying to think of a good way to model this in Java with Callables, Executors, ExecutorCompletionServices, and perhaps various synchronizer classes (like Semaphore or CountDownLatch). There are a couple use cases and requirements: Don't make any assumptions on what executor(s) the tasks will run on. In fact, to simplify, just assume there's only one executor. It can be a fixed thread pool executor, so a naive implementation can result in deadlocks (e.g. imagine a task that submits another task and then blocks until that subtask is finished, and now imagine several of these tasks using up all the threads). To simplify, assume that the data is not streamed between tasks (task output-succeeding task input) - the finishing task and succeeding task won't exist together, so the input data to the succeeding task will not be changed by the preceeding task (since it's already done). There are only a couple operations that the dataflow "engine" should be able to handle: A mechanism where a task can queue more tasks A mechanism whereby a successor task is not queued until all the required input tasks are finished A mechanism whereby the main thread (or other threads not managed by the executor) blocks until the flow is finished A mechanism whereby the main thread (or other threads not managed by the executor) blocks until certain tasks have finished Since the dataflow is dynamic (depends on input/state of the task), the activation of these mechanisms should occur within the task code, e.g. the code in a Callable is itself responsible for queueing more Callables. The dataflow "internals" should not be exposed to the tasks (Callables) themselves - only the operations listed above should be available to the task. Note that the type of the data is not necessarily the same for all tasks, e.g. a file download task may accept a File as input but will output a String. If a task throws an uncaught exception (indicating some fatal error requiring all dataflow processing to stop), it must propagate up to the thread that initiated the dataflow as quickly as possible and cancel all tasks (or something fancier like a fatal error handler). Tasks should be launched as soon as possible. This along with the previous requirement should preclude simple Future polling + Thread.sleep(). As a bonus, I would like to dataflow engine itself to perform some action (like logging) every time task is finished or when no has finished in X time since last task has finished. Something like: ExecutorCompletionService<T> ecs; while (hasTasks()) { Future<T> future = ecs.poll(1 minute); some_action_like_logging(); if (future != null) { future.get() ... } ... } Are there straightforward ways to do all this with Java concurrency API? Or if it's going to complex no matter what with what's available in the JDK, is there a lightweight library that satisfies the requirements? I already have a partial solution that fits my particular use case (it cheats in a way, since I'm using two executors, and just so you know, it's not related at all to the web browser example I gave above), but I'd like to see a more general purpose and elegant solution.

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• Is this crash in libdispatch caused by Reachability?

  - by esilver

  Can anyone tell me if this crashing stack appears to be caused by Reachability? I am running apple's latest implementation of Reachability, downloadable at https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/samplecode/reachability/Introduction/Intro.html I have an app where ARC is not enabled by default (it is a legacy app) but I enable it on a per-file basis. I have enabled -fobjc-arc for Reachability.m When I look at these threads, my code is nowhere to be found. I see some activity happening because of a WebHTMLView (probably the ad network view code currently on screen; it's not mine). On Thread 10, I see a SCNetworkReachabilityDeallocate, then a dispatch_semaphore_wait_slow, and the crash happens on Thread 14 in libdispatch. Do you think this crash is being caused by that Reachability code, and have I erred in using -fobjc-arc with Reachability.m? Exception Type: EXC_BAD_ACCESS (SIGSEGV) Exception Subtype: KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS at 0x2000000c Triggered by Thread: 14 Thread 0: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cafa84 mach_msg_trap + 20 1 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39caf87c mach_msg + 36 2 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e255c __CFRunLoopServiceMachPort + 152 3 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e0cc2 __CFRunLoopRun + 858 4 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b53c CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 520 5 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b31e CFRunLoopRunInMode + 102 6 GraphicsServices 0x340822e6 GSEventRunModal + 134 7 UIKit 0x31c021e0 UIApplicationMain + 1132 8 MyApp 0x00053ad4 main (main.m:33) 9 libdyld.dylib 0x39c0bab4 start + 0 Thread 1: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39caf838 kevent64 + 24 1 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bfe0d0 _dispatch_mgr_invoke + 228 2 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bf863e _dispatch_mgr_thread + 34 Thread 2 name: com.apple.NSURLConnectionLoader Thread 2: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cb0910 close + 8 1 CoreFoundation 0x2f370ef6 CFSocketInvalidate + 434 2 CFNetwork 0x2f0122a2 Schedulables::_SchedulablesInvalidateApplierFunction(void const*, void*) + 14 3 CoreFoundation 0x2f34af6e CFArrayApplyFunction + 34 4 CFNetwork 0x2f011a94 SocketStream::close(void const*) + 280 5 CFNetwork 0x2f01194e CoreStreamBase::_streamInterface_Close() + 46 6 CFNetwork 0x2f030286 HTTPReadFilter::_streamImpl_Close() + 66 7 CFNetwork 0x2f01194e CoreStreamBase::_streamInterface_Close() + 46 8 CFNetwork 0x2f0301c6 NetConnection::shutdownConnectionStreams() + 98 9 CFNetwork 0x2f0309c8 NetConnection::closeStreamsIfPossibleOrSignalThatThatNeedsToBeDonePrettyPlease() + 56 10 CFNetwork 0x2f030d12 HTTPConnectionCacheEntry::removeUnauthConnection(NetConnection*) + 182 11 CoreFoundation 0x2f34af6e CFArrayApplyFunction + 34 12 CFNetwork 0x2f075678 HTTPConnectionCacheEntry::purgeIdleConnections(double, double) + 256 13 CFNetwork 0x2f030ad4 HTTPConnectionCache::performIdleSweep() + 156 14 CFNetwork 0x2f073b42 HTTPConnectionCache::timeoutIdleCellConnections() + 18 15 CFNetwork 0x2f0b3394 ___ZNK17CoreSchedulingSet13_performAsyncEPKcU13block_pointerFvvE_block_invoke + 16 16 CoreFoundation 0x2f34af6e CFArrayApplyFunction + 34 17 CFNetwork 0x2f019f10 RunloopBlockContext::perform() + 160 18 CFNetwork 0x2f019de2 MultiplexerSource::perform() + 218 19 CFNetwork 0x2f019c70 MultiplexerSource::_perform(void*) + 44 20 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e2f24 __CFRUNLOOP_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_A_SOURCE0_PERFORM_FUNCTION__ + 12 21 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e23ea __CFRunLoopDoSources0 + 202 22 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e0bda __CFRunLoopRun + 626 23 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b53c CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 520 24 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b31e CFRunLoopRunInMode + 102 25 Foundation 0x2fd8664c +[NSURLConnection(Loader) _resourceLoadLoop:] + 316 26 Foundation 0x2fdfbdc2 __NSThread__main__ + 1058 27 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 28 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 29 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 3 name: WebThread Thread 3: 0 CoreGraphics 0x2f49163c CGRectIsEmpty + 0 1 WebCore 0x37291700 -[WAKView setNeedsDisplayInRect:] + 76 2 WebKit 0x37cad22a -[WebHTMLView setNeedsDisplayInRect:] + 214 3 WebCore 0x372915cc WebCore::ScrollView::platformRepaintContentRectangle(WebCore::IntRect const&, bool) + 148 4 WebCore 0x37291412 WebCore::ScrollView::repaintContentRectangle(WebCore::IntRect const&, bool) + 98 5 WebCore 0x37291272 WebCore::FrameView::doDeferredRepaints() + 90 6 WebCore 0x372dc96c WebCore::FrameView::layout(bool) + 1748 7 WebCore 0x3721fb94 WebCore::ThreadTimers::sharedTimerFiredInternal() + 132 8 WebCore 0x3721fae6 WebCore::timerFired(__CFRunLoopTimer*, void*) + 22 9 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e2e84 __CFRUNLOOP_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_A_TIMER_CALLBACK_FUNCTION__ + 12 10 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e2a9e __CFRunLoopDoTimer + 790 11 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e0e26 __CFRunLoopRun + 1214 12 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b53c CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 520 13 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b31e CFRunLoopRunInMode + 102 14 WebCore 0x372ae7d8 RunWebThread(void*) + 416 15 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 16 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 17 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 4: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cafa84 mach_msg_trap + 20 1 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39caf87c mach_msg + 36 2 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e255c __CFRunLoopServiceMachPort + 152 3 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e0c7c __CFRunLoopRun + 788 4 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b53c CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 520 5 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b31e CFRunLoopRunInMode + 102 6 libAVFAudio.dylib 0x2e3295ae GenericRunLoopThread::Entry(void*) + 126 7 libAVFAudio.dylib 0x2e31dbf4 CAPThread::Entry(CAPThread*) + 176 8 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 9 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 10 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 5 name: JavaScriptCore::BlockFree Thread 5: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cc1f38 __psynch_cvwait + 24 1 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28262 _pthread_cond_wait + 538 2 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d2903c pthread_cond_wait + 36 3 JavaScriptCore 0x3036f408 JSC::BlockAllocator::blockFreeingThreadMain() + 204 4 JavaScriptCore 0x3036ca70 WTF::wtfThreadEntryPoint(void*) + 12 5 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 6 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 7 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 6 name: JavaScriptCore::Marking Thread 6: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cc1f38 __psynch_cvwait + 24 1 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28262 _pthread_cond_wait + 538 2 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d2903c pthread_cond_wait + 36 3 JavaScriptCore 0x3050daf2 JSC::GCThread::waitForNextPhase() + 74 4 JavaScriptCore 0x3050db4c JSC::GCThread::gcThreadMain() + 48 5 JavaScriptCore 0x3036ca70 WTF::wtfThreadEntryPoint(void*) + 12 6 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 7 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 8 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 7 name: com.apple.CFSocket.private Thread 7: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cc2440 select$DARWIN_EXTSN + 20 1 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e645e __CFSocketManager + 482 2 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 3 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 4 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 8 name: AFNetworking Thread 8: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cafa84 mach_msg_trap + 20 1 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39caf87c mach_msg + 36 2 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e255c __CFRunLoopServiceMachPort + 152 3 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e0c7c __CFRunLoopRun + 788 4 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b53c CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 520 5 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b31e CFRunLoopRunInMode + 102 6 Foundation 0x2fd39822 -[NSRunLoop(NSRunLoop) runMode:beforeDate:] + 250 7 Foundation 0x2fd8a664 -[NSRunLoop(NSRunLoop) run] + 76 8 MyApp 0x002c33d0 +[AFURLConnectionOperation networkRequestThreadEntryPoint:] (AFURLConnectionOperation.m:184) 9 Foundation 0x2fdfbdc2 __NSThread__main__ + 1058 10 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 11 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 12 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 9 name: WebCore: CFNetwork Loader Thread 9: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cafa84 mach_msg_trap + 20 1 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39caf87c mach_msg + 36 2 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e255c __CFRunLoopServiceMachPort + 152 3 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e0c7c __CFRunLoopRun + 788 4 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b53c CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 520 5 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b31e CFRunLoopRunInMode + 102 6 WebCore 0x372f7872 WebCore::runLoaderThread(void*) + 250 7 JavaScriptCore 0x3036ca70 WTF::wtfThreadEntryPoint(void*) + 12 8 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 9 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 10 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 10: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cafad4 semaphore_wait_trap + 8 1 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bfcdec _dispatch_semaphore_wait_slow + 172 2 libxpc.dylib 0x39d370d6 xpc_connection_send_message_with_reply_sync + 150 3 SystemConfiguration 0x31b77362 _reach_server_target_remove + 90 4 SystemConfiguration 0x31b772d2 __SCNetworkReachabilityServer_targetRemove + 38 5 SystemConfiguration 0x31b5e318 __SCNetworkReachabilityDeallocate + 92 6 CoreFoundation 0x2f347efc CFRelease + 464 7 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bfc7e0 _dispatch_root_queue_drain + 220 8 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bfc9cc _dispatch_worker_thread2 + 52 9 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26dfc _pthread_wqthread + 296 10 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26cc0 start_wqthread + 4 Thread 11: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cc2c7c __workq_kernreturn + 8 1 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26e06 _pthread_wqthread + 306 2 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26cc0 start_wqthread + 4 Thread 12: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cc2c7c __workq_kernreturn + 8 1 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26e06 _pthread_wqthread + 306 2 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26cc0 start_wqthread + 4 Thread 13: 0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39cafa84 mach_msg_trap + 20 1 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x39caf87c mach_msg + 36 2 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e255c __CFRunLoopServiceMachPort + 152 3 CoreFoundation 0x2f3e0c7c __CFRunLoopRun + 788 4 CoreFoundation 0x2f34b53c CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 520 5 CoreFoundation 0x2f38f1a6 CFRunLoopRun + 94 6 CoreMotion 0x2fa03394 ___lldb_unnamed_function1407$$CoreMotion + 724 7 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28c5a _pthread_body + 138 8 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d28bca _pthread_start + 98 9 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26ccc thread_start + 4 Thread 14 Crashed: 0 libobjc.A.dylib 0x3970db66 objc_msgSend + 6 1 CoreFoundation 0x2f347f58 CFRelease + 556 2 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bf7100 _dispatch_call_block_and_release + 8 3 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bfbe72 _dispatch_queue_drain + 370 4 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bf8f96 _dispatch_queue_invoke + 38 5 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bfc74e _dispatch_root_queue_drain + 74 6 libdispatch.dylib 0x39bfc9cc _dispatch_worker_thread2 + 52 7 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26dfc _pthread_wqthread + 296 8 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x39d26cc0 start_wqthread + 4

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• Python hashable dicts

  - by TokenMacGuy

  As an exercise, and mostly for my own amusement, I'm implementing a backtracking packrat parser. The inspiration for this is i'd like to have a better idea about how hygenic macros would work in an algol-like language (as apposed to the syntax free lisp dialects you normally find them in). Because of this, different passes through the input might see different grammars, so cached parse results are invalid, unless I also store the current version of the grammar along with the cached parse results. (EDIT: a consequence of this use of key-value collections is that they should be immutable, but I don't intend to expose the interface to allow them to be changed, so either mutable or immutable collections are fine) The problem is that python dicts cannot appear as keys to other dicts. Even using a tuple (as I'd be doing anyways) doesn't help. >>> cache = {} >>> rule = {"foo":"bar"} >>> cache[(rule, "baz")] = "quux" Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> TypeError: unhashable type: 'dict' >>> I guess it has to be tuples all the way down. Now the python standard library provides approximately what i'd need, collections.namedtuple has a very different syntax, but can be used as a key. continuing from above session: >>> from collections import namedtuple >>> Rule = namedtuple("Rule",rule.keys()) >>> cache[(Rule(**rule), "baz")] = "quux" >>> cache {(Rule(foo='bar'), 'baz'): 'quux'} Ok. But I have to make a class for each possible combination of keys in the rule I would want to use, which isn't so bad, because each parse rule knows exactly what parameters it uses, so that class can be defined at the same time as the function that parses the rule. But combining the rules together is much more dynamic. In particular, I'd like a simple way to have rules override other rules, but collections.namedtuple has no analogue to dict.update(). Edit: An additional problem with namedtuples is that they are strictly positional. Two tuples that look like they should be different can in fact be the same: >>> you = namedtuple("foo",["bar","baz"]) >>> me = namedtuple("foo",["bar","quux"]) >>> you(bar=1,baz=2) == me(bar=1,quux=2) True >>> bob = namedtuple("foo",["baz","bar"]) >>> you(bar=1,baz=2) == bob(bar=1,baz=2) False tl'dr: How do I get dicts that can be used as keys to other dicts? Having hacked a bit on the answers, here's the more complete solution I'm using. Note that this does a bit extra work to make the resulting dicts vaguely immutable for practical purposes. Of course it's still quite easy to hack around it by calling dict.__setitem__(instance, key, value) but we're all adults here. class hashdict(dict): """ hashable dict implementation, suitable for use as a key into other dicts. >>> h1 = hashdict({"apples": 1, "bananas":2}) >>> h2 = hashdict({"bananas": 3, "mangoes": 5}) >>> h1+h2 hashdict(apples=1, bananas=3, mangoes=5) >>> d1 = {} >>> d1[h1] = "salad" >>> d1[h1] 'salad' >>> d1[h2] Traceback (most recent call last): ... KeyError: hashdict(bananas=3, mangoes=5) based on answers from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1151658/python-hashable-dicts """ def __key(self): return tuple(sorted(self.items())) def __repr__(self): return "{0}({1})".format(self.__class__.__name__, ", ".join("{0}={1}".format( str(i[0]),repr(i[1])) for i in self.__key())) def __hash__(self): return hash(self.__key()) def __setitem__(self, key, value): raise TypeError("{0} does not support item assignment" .format(self.__class__.__name__)) def __delitem__(self, key): raise TypeError("{0} does not support item assignment" .format(self.__class__.__name__)) def clear(self): raise TypeError("{0} does not support item assignment" .format(self.__class__.__name__)) def pop(self, *args, **kwargs): raise TypeError("{0} does not support item assignment" .format(self.__class__.__name__)) def popitem(self, *args, **kwargs): raise TypeError("{0} does not support item assignment" .format(self.__class__.__name__)) def setdefault(self, *args, **kwargs): raise TypeError("{0} does not support item assignment" .format(self.__class__.__name__)) def update(self, *args, **kwargs): raise TypeError("{0} does not support item assignment" .format(self.__class__.__name__)) def __add__(self, right): result = hashdict(self) dict.update(result, right) return result if __name__ == "__main__": import doctest doctest.testmod()

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• treeview binding wpf cannot bind nested property in a class

  - by devnet247

  Hi all New to wpf and therefore struggling a bit. I am putting together a quick demo before we go for the full implementation I have a treeview on the left with Continent Country City structure when a user select the city it should populate some textboxes in a tabcontrol on the right hand side I made it sort of work but cannot make it work with composite objects. In a nutshell can you spot what is wrong with my zaml or code. Why is not binding to a my CityDetails.ClubsCount or CityDetails.PubsCount? What I am building is based on http://www.codeproject.com/KB/WPF/TreeViewWithViewModel.aspx Thanks a lot for any suggestions or reply DataModel public class City { public City(string cityName) { CityName = cityName; } public string CityName { get; set; } public string Population { get; set; } public string Area { get; set; } public CityDetails CityDetailsInfo { get; set; } } public class CityDetails { public CityDetails(int pubsCount,int clubsCount) { PubsCount = pubsCount; ClubsCount = clubsCount; } public int ClubsCount { get; set; } public int PubsCount { get; set; } } ViewModel public class CityViewModel : TreeViewItemViewModel { private City _city; private RelayCommand _testCommand; public CityViewModel(City city, CountryViewModel countryViewModel):base(countryViewModel,false) { _city = city; } public string CityName { get { return _city.CityName; } } public string Area { get { return _city.Area; } } public string Population { get { return _city.Population; } } public City City { get { return _city; } set { _city = value; } } public CityDetails CityDetailsInfo { get { return _city.CityDetailsInfo; } set { _city.CityDetailsInfo = value; } } } XAML <DockPanel> <DockPanel LastChildFill="True"> <Label DockPanel.Dock="top" Content="Title " HorizontalAlignment="Center"></Label> <StatusBar DockPanel.Dock="Bottom"> <StatusBarItem Content="Status Bar" ></StatusBarItem> </StatusBar> <Grid DockPanel.Dock="Top"> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition/> <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/> <ColumnDefinition Width="2*"/> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <TreeView Name="tree" ItemsSource="{Binding Continents}"> <TreeView.ItemContainerStyle> <Style TargetType="{x:Type TreeViewItem}"> <Setter Property="IsExpanded" Value="{Binding IsExpanded,Mode=TwoWay}"/> <Setter Property="IsSelected" Value="{Binding IsSelected,Mode=TwoWay}"/> <Setter Property="FontWeight" Value="Normal"/> <Style.Triggers> <Trigger Property="IsSelected" Value="True"> <Setter Property="FontWeight" Value="Bold"></Setter> </Trigger> </Style.Triggers> </Style> </TreeView.ItemContainerStyle> <TreeView.Resources> <HierarchicalDataTemplate DataType="{x:Type ViewModels:ContinentViewModel}" ItemsSource="{Binding Children}"> <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"> <Image Width="16" Height="16" Margin="3,0" Source="Images\Continent.png"/> <TextBlock Text="{Binding ContinentName}"/> </StackPanel> </HierarchicalDataTemplate> <HierarchicalDataTemplate DataType="{x:Type ViewModels:CountryViewModel}" ItemsSource="{Binding Children}"> <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"> <Image Width="16" Height="16" Margin="3,0" Source="Images\Country.png"/> <TextBlock Text="{Binding CountryName}"/> </StackPanel> </HierarchicalDataTemplate> <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type ViewModels:CityViewModel}" > <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"> <Image Width="16" Height="16" Margin="3,0" Source="Images\City.png"/> <TextBlock Text="{Binding CityName}"/> </StackPanel> </DataTemplate> </TreeView.Resources> </TreeView> <GridSplitter Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" Background="LightGray" Width="5" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" VerticalAlignment="Stretch"/> <Grid Grid.Column="2" Margin="5" > <TabControl> <TabItem Header="Details" DataContext="{Binding Path=SelectedItem.City, ElementName=tree, Mode=OneWay}"> <StackPanel > <TextBlock VerticalAlignment="Center" FontSize="12" Text="{Binding CityName}"/> <TextBlock VerticalAlignment="Center" FontSize="12" Text="{Binding Area}"/> <TextBlock VerticalAlignment="Center" FontSize="12" Text="{Binding Population}"/> <!-- DONT WORK WHY--> <TextBlock VerticalAlignment="Center" FontSize="12" Text="{Binding SelectedItem.CityDetailsInfo.ClubsCount}"/> <TextBlock VerticalAlignment="Center" FontSize="12" Text="{Binding SelectedItem.CityDetailsInfo.PubsCount}"/> </StackPanel> </TabItem> </TabControl> </Grid> </Grid> </DockPanel> </DockPanel>

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• How to find vector for the quaternion from X Y Z rotations

  - by can poyrazoglu

  I am creating a very simple project on OpenGL and I'm stuck with rotations. I am trying to rotate an object indepentdently in all 3 axes: X, Y, and Z. I've had sleepless nights due to the "gimbal lock" problem after rotating about one axis. I've then learned that quaternions would solve my problem. I've researched about quaternions and implementd it, but I havent't been able to convert my rotations to quaternions. For example, if I want to rotate around Z axis 90 degrees, I just create the {0,0,1} vector for my quaternion and rotate it around that axis 90 degrees using the code here: http://iphonedevelopment.blogspot.com/2009/06/opengl-es-from-ground-up-part-7_04.html (the most complicated matrix towards the bottom) That's ok for one vector, but, say, I first want to rotate 90 degrees around Z, then 90 degrees around X (just as an example). What vector do I need to pass in? How do I calculate that vector. I am not good with matrices and trigonometry (I know the basics and the general rules, but I'm just not a whiz) but I need to get this done. There are LOTS of tutorials about quaternions, but I seem to understand none (or they don't answer my question). I just need to learn to construct the vector for rotations around more than one axis combined. UPDATE: I've found this nice page about quaternions and decided to implement them this way: http://www.cprogramming.com/tutorial/3d/quaternions.html Here is my code for quaternion multiplication: void cube::quatmul(float* q1, float* q2, float* resultRef){ float w = q1[0]*q2[0] - q1[1]*q2[1] - q1[2]*q2[2] - q1[3]*q2[3]; float x = q1[0]*q2[1] + q1[1]*q2[0] + q1[2]*q2[3] - q1[3]*q2[2]; float y = q1[0]*q2[2] - q1[1]*q2[3] + q1[2]*q2[0] + q1[3]*q2[1]; float z = q1[0]*q2[3] + q1[1]*q2[2] - q1[2]*q2[1] + q1[3]*q2[0]; resultRef[0] = w; resultRef[1] = x; resultRef[2] = y; resultRef[3] = z; } Here is my code for applying a quaternion to my modelview matrix (I have a tmodelview variable that is my target modelview matrix): void cube::applyquat(){ float& x = quaternion[1]; float& y = quaternion[2]; float& z = quaternion[3]; float& w = quaternion[0]; float magnitude = sqrtf(w * w + x * x + y * y + z * z); if(magnitude == 0){ x = 1; w = y = z = 0; }else if(magnitude != 1){ x /= magnitude; y /= magnitude; z /= magnitude; w /= magnitude; } tmodelview[0] = 1 - (2 * y * y) - (2 * z * z); tmodelview[1] = 2 * x * y + 2 * w * z; tmodelview[2] = 2 * x * z - 2 * w * y; tmodelview[3] = 0; tmodelview[4] = 2 * x * y - 2 * w * z; tmodelview[5] = 1 - (2 * x * x) - (2 * z * z); tmodelview[6] = 2 * y * z - 2 * w * x; tmodelview[7] = 0; tmodelview[8] = 2 * x * z + 2 * w * y; tmodelview[9] = 2 * y * z + 2 * w * x; tmodelview[10] = 1 - (2 * x * x) - (2 * y * y); tmodelview[11] = 0; glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glPushMatrix(); glLoadMatrixf(tmodelview); glMultMatrixf(modelview); glGetFloatv(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, tmodelview); glPopMatrix(); } And my code for rotation (that I call externally), where quaternion is a class variable of the cube: void cube::rotatex(int angle){ float quat[4]; float ang = angle * PI / 180.0; quat[0] = cosf(ang / 2); quat[1] = sinf(ang/2); quat[2] = 0; quat[3] = 0; quatmul(quat, quaternion, quaternion); applyquat(); } void cube::rotatey(int angle){ float quat[4]; float ang = angle * PI / 180.0; quat[0] = cosf(ang / 2); quat[1] = 0; quat[2] = sinf(ang/2); quat[3] = 0; quatmul(quat, quaternion, quaternion); applyquat(); } void cube::rotatez(int angle){ float quat[4]; float ang = angle * PI / 180.0; quat[0] = cosf(ang / 2); quat[1] = 0; quat[2] = 0; quat[3] = sinf(ang/2); quatmul(quat, quaternion, quaternion); applyquat(); } I call, say rotatex, for 10-11 times for rotating only 1 degree, but my cube gets rotated almost 90 degrees after 10-11 times of 1 degree, which doesn't make sense. Also, after calling rotation functions in different axes, My cube gets skewed, gets 2 dimensional, and disappears (a column in modelview matrix becomes all zeros) irreversibly, which obviously shouldn't be happening with a correct implementation of the quaternions.

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• Using WeakReference to resolve issue with .NET unregistered event handlers causing memory leaks.

  - by Eric

  The problem: Registered event handlers create a reference from the event to the event handler's instance. If that instance fails to unregister the event handler (via Dispose, presumably), then the instance memory will not be freed by the garbage collector. Example: class Foo { public event Action AnEvent; public void DoEvent() { if (AnEvent != null) AnEvent(); } } class Bar { public Bar(Foo l) { l.AnEvent += l_AnEvent; } void l_AnEvent() { } } If I instantiate a Foo, and pass this to a new Bar constructor, then let go of the Bar object, it will not be freed by the garbage collector because of the AnEvent registration. I consider this a memory leak, and seems just like my old C++ days. I can, of course, make Bar IDisposable, unregister the event in the Dispose() method, and make sure to call Dispose() on instances of it, but why should I have to do this? I first question why events are implemented with strong references? Why not use weak references? An event is used to abstractly notify an object of changes in another object. It seems to me that if the event handler's instance is no longer in use (i.e., there are no non-event references to the object), then any events that it is registered with should automatically be unregistered. What am I missing? I have looked at WeakEventManager. Wow, what a pain. Not only is it very difficult to use, but its documentation is inadequate (see http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.weakeventmanager.aspx -- noticing the "Notes to Inheritors" section that has 6 vaguely described bullets). I have seen other discussions in various places, but nothing I felt I could use. I propose a simpler solution based on WeakReference, as described here. My question is: Does this not meet the requirements with significantly less complexity? To use the solution, the above code is modified as follows: class Foo { public WeakReferenceEvent AnEvent = new WeakReferenceEvent(); internal void DoEvent() { AnEvent.Invoke(); } } class Bar { public Bar(Foo l) { l.AnEvent += l_AnEvent; } void l_AnEvent() { } } Notice two things: 1. The Foo class is modified in two ways: The event is replaced with an instance of WeakReferenceEvent, shown below; and the invocation of the event is changed. 2. The Bar class is UNCHANGED. No need to subclass WeakEventManager, implement IWeakEventListener, etc. OK, so on to the implementation of WeakReferenceEvent. This is shown here. Note that it uses the generic WeakReference that I borrowed from here: http://damieng.com/blog/2006/08/01/implementingweakreferencet I had to add Equals() and GetHashCode() to his class, which I include below for reference. class WeakReferenceEvent { public static WeakReferenceEvent operator +(WeakReferenceEvent wre, Action handler) { wre._delegates.Add(new WeakReference<Action>(handler)); return wre; } public static WeakReferenceEvent operator -(WeakReferenceEvent wre, Action handler) { foreach (var del in wre._delegates) if (del.Target == handler) { wre._delegates.Remove(del); return wre; } return wre; } HashSet<WeakReference<Action>> _delegates = new HashSet<WeakReference<Action>>(); internal void Invoke() { HashSet<WeakReference<Action>> toRemove = null; foreach (var del in _delegates) { if (del.IsAlive) del.Target(); else { if (toRemove == null) toRemove = new HashSet<WeakReference<Action>>(); toRemove.Add(del); } } if (toRemove != null) foreach (var del in toRemove) _delegates.Remove(del); } } public class WeakReference<T> : IDisposable { private GCHandle handle; private bool trackResurrection; public WeakReference(T target) : this(target, false) { } public WeakReference(T target, bool trackResurrection) { this.trackResurrection = trackResurrection; this.Target = target; } ~WeakReference() { Dispose(); } public void Dispose() { handle.Free(); GC.SuppressFinalize(this); } public virtual bool IsAlive { get { return (handle.Target != null); } } public virtual bool TrackResurrection { get { return this.trackResurrection; } } public virtual T Target { get { object o = handle.Target; if ((o == null) || (!(o is T))) return default(T); else return (T)o; } set { handle = GCHandle.Alloc(value, this.trackResurrection ? GCHandleType.WeakTrackResurrection : GCHandleType.Weak); } } public override bool Equals(object obj) { var other = obj as WeakReference<T>; return other != null && Target.Equals(other.Target); } public override int GetHashCode() { return Target.GetHashCode(); } } It's functionality is trivial. I override operator + and - to get the += and -= syntactic sugar matching events. These create WeakReferences to the Action delegate. This allows the garbage collector to free the event target object (Bar in this example) when nobody else is holding on to it. In the Invoke() method, simply run through the weak references and call their Target Action. If any dead (i.e., garbage collected) references are found, remove them from the list. Of course, this only works with delegates of type Action. I tried making this generic, but ran into the missing where T : delegate in C#! As an alternative, simply modify class WeakReferenceEvent to be a WeakReferenceEvent, and replace the Action with Action. Fix the compiler errors and you have a class that can be used like so: class Foo { public WeakReferenceEvent<int> AnEvent = new WeakReferenceEvent<int>(); internal void DoEvent() { AnEvent.Invoke(5); } } Hopefully this will help someone else when they run into the mystery .NET event memory leak!

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• Reading xml document in firefox

  - by Searock

  I am trying to read customers.xml using javascript. My professor has taught us to read xml using `ActiveXObjectand he has given us an assignment to create a sample login page which checks username and password by reading customers.xml. I am trying to use DOMParser so that it works with firefox. But when I click on Login button I get this error. Error: syntax error Source File: file:///C:/Users/Searock/Desktop/home/project/project/login.html Line: 1, Column: 1 Source Code: customers.xml Here's my code. login.js var xmlDoc = 0; function checkUser() { var user = document.login.txtLogin.value; var pass = document.login.txtPass.value; //xmlDoc = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLDOM"); /* xmlDoc = document.implementation.createDocument("","",null); xmlDoc.async = "false"; xmlDoc.onreadystatechange = redirectUser; xmlDoc.load("customers.xml"); */ var parser = new DOMParser(); xmlDoc = parser.parseFromString("customers.xml", "text/xml"); alert(xmlDoc.documentElement.nodeName); xmlDoc.async = "false"; xmlDoc.onreadystatechange = redirectUser; } function redirectUser() { alert(''); var user = document.login.txtLogin.value; var pass = document.login.txtPass.value; var log = 0; if(xmlDoc.readyState == 4) { xmlObj = xmlDoc.documentElement; var len = xmlObj.childNodes.length; for(i = 0; i < len; i++) { var nodeElement = xmlObj.childNodes[i]; var userXml = nodeElement.childNodes[0].firstChild.nodeValue; var passXml = nodeElement.childNodes[1].firstChild.nodeValue; var idXML = nodeElement.attributes[0].value if(userXml == user && passXml == pass) { log = 1; document.cookie = escape(idXML); document.login.submit(); } } } if(log == 0) { var divErr = document.getElementById('Error'); divErr.innerHTML = "<b>Login Failed</b>"; } } customers.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <customers> <customer custid="CU101"> <user>jack</user> <pwd>PW101</pwd> <email>[email protected]</email> </customer> <customer custid="CU102"> <user>jill</user> <pwd>PW102</pwd> <email>[email protected]</email> </customer> <customer custid="CU103"> <user>john</user> <pwd>PW103</pwd> <email>[email protected]</email> </customer> <customer custid="CU104"> <user>jeff</user> <pwd>PW104</pwd> <email>[email protected]</email> </customer> </customers> I get parsererror message on line alert(xmlDoc.documentElement.nodeName); I don't know what's wrong with my code. Can some one point me in a right direction? Edit : Ok, I found a solution. var xmlDoc = 0; var xhttp = 0; function checkUser() { var user = document.login.txtLogin.value; var pass = document.login.txtPass.value; var err = ""; if(user == "" || pass == "") { if(user == "") { alert("Enter user name"); } if(pass == "") { alert("Enter Password"); } return; } if (window.XMLHttpRequest) { xhttp=new XMLHttpRequest(); } else // IE 5/6 { xhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } xhttp.onreadystatechange = redirectUser; xhttp.open("GET","customers.xml",true); xhttp.send(); } function redirectUser() { var log = 2; var user = document.login.txtLogin.value; var pass = document.login.txtPass.value; if (xhttp.readyState == 4) { log = 0; xmlDoc = xhttp.responseXML; var xmlUsers = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName('user'); var xmlPasswords = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName('pwd'); var userLen = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName('customer').length; var xmlCustomers = xmlDoc.getElementsByTagName('customer'); for (var i = 0; i < userLen; i++) { var xmlUser = xmlUsers[i].childNodes[0].nodeValue; var xmlPass = xmlPasswords[i].childNodes[0].nodeValue; var xmlId = xmlCustomers.item(i).attributes[0].nodeValue; if(xmlUser == user && xmlPass == pass) { log = 1; document.cookie = xmlId; document.login.submit(); break; } } } if(log == 0) { alert("Login failed"); } } Thanks.

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• NSStream sockets missing data

  - by Chris T.

  I am trying to pull some sample data from FreeDB as a proof of concept, but I am having a tough time retrieving all of the data off the incoming stream (I am only getting the last bits for the final query listed here (if handshakeCode = 3) I think this may be something with the threading on the main runloop, but I am not sure. Odd thing is when the buffer size is larger than 1-2 bytes (which works as expected), I seem to be losing access to the data programmatically (the totalOutput variable on the first set of data is incomplete). I set up a packet capture, and it looks like those 1024 bytes are coming across the wire, but the app just isn't working with it. It looks like the next event is coming through and basically taking over. I tried using an NSLock to no avail as well. If I drop the buffer size down to 1 or 2, things seem to be reading just fine. This is probably obvious to someone who does this all the time, but this is my first foray into this with something I am familiar with, technology wise in other languages / platforms. The following code will show you what is happening. Run with the buffer set to 1024, and you will see a short final string, but once you set it to 1, you will see the amount of data I was expecting (I was even expecting it to be split, so that's not a big worry) #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> #import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h> //STACK OVERFLOW CODE: @interface stackoverflow : NSObject <NSStreamDelegate> { NSInputStream *iStream; NSOutputStream *oStream; int handshakeCode; NSString *selectedDiscId; NSString *selectedGenre; } -(void)getMatchesFromFreeDB; -(void)sendToOutputStream:(NSString*)command; @end @implementation stackoverflow -(void)getMatchesFromFreeDB { NSHost *host = [NSHost hostWithName:@"freedb.freedb.org"]; [NSStream getStreamsToHost:host port:8880 inputStream:&iStream outputStream:&oStream]; [iStream retain]; [oStream retain]; [iStream setDelegate:self]; [oStream setDelegate:self]; [iStream scheduleInRunLoop:[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode]; [oStream scheduleInRunLoop:[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode]; [iStream open]; [oStream open]; handshakeCode = 0; //not done any processing } -(void)stream:(NSStream *)aStream handleEvent:(NSStreamEvent)eventCode { switch(eventCode) { case NSStreamEventOpenCompleted: { NSLog(@"Stream open completed"); break; } case NSStreamEventHasBytesAvailable: { NSLog(@"Stream has bytes available"); if (aStream == iStream) { NSMutableString *totalOutput = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@""]; //read data uint8_t buffer[1024]; int len; while ([iStream hasBytesAvailable]) { len = [iStream read:buffer maxLength:sizeof(buffer)]; if (len 0) { NSString *output = [[NSString alloc] initWithBytes:buffer length:len encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; //this could have also been put into an NSData object if (nil != output) { //append to the total output [totalOutput appendString:output]; } } } NSLog(@"OUTPUT , %i:\n\n%@", [totalOutput lengthOfBytesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding], totalOutput); NSArray *outputComponents = [totalOutput componentsSeparatedByString:@" "]; //Attempt to get handshake code, since we haven't done it yet: if (handshakeCode == 1) { //we are just getting the sign-on banner: //let's move on: handshakeCode = 2; } else if (handshakeCode == 2) { handshakeCode = [[outputComponents objectAtIndex:0] intValue]; if (handshakeCode == 200) { NSLog(@"---Handshake OK %i", handshakeCode); NSMutableString *query = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"cddb query f3114b11 17 225 19915 36489 54850 69425 87025 103948 123242 136075 152817 178335 192850 211677 235104 262090 284882 308658 4430\n"]; handshakeCode = 3; [self sendToOutputStream:query]; } } else if (handshakeCode == 3) { //now, we are reading out the matches: if ([[outputComponents objectAtIndex:0] intValue] == 200) //found exact match: { NSLog(@"Found exact match"); selectedGenre = [outputComponents objectAtIndex:1] ; selectedDiscId = [outputComponents objectAtIndex:2]; if (selectedGenre && selectedDiscId) { //send off the request to get the entry: NSString *query = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"cddb read %@ %@\n", selectedGenre, selectedDiscId]; [self sendToOutputStream:query]; handshakeCode = 4; } } } } break; } case NSStreamEventEndEncountered: { NSLog(@"Stream event end encountered"); break; } case NSStreamEventErrorOccurred: { NSLog(@"Stream error occurred"); break; } case NSStreamEventHasSpaceAvailable: { NSLog(@"Stream has space available"); if (aStream == oStream) { if (handshakeCode == 0) { handshakeCode = 1; [self sendToOutputStream:@"cddb hello stackoverflow localhost.localdomain test .01BETA\n"]; } } break; } } } -(void)sendToOutputStream:(NSString*)command { const uint8_t *rawCommand = (const uint8_t *)[command UTF8String]; [oStream write:rawCommand maxLength:strlen(rawCommand)]; NSLog(@"Sent command: %@",command); } @end int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) { NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; stackoverflow *test = [[stackoverflow alloc] init]; [test getMatchesFromFreeDB]; NSRunLoop *runLoop = [NSRunLoop currentRunLoop]; [runLoop run]; [pool drain]; return 0; } Any help is much appreciated! Thanks

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• Get CoreLocation Update before TableView population?

  - by Clemens

  hi, i have the corelocation stuff in an uitableview controller. i actually want to get a distance from two locations and print that distance in a tableview cell. the problem is, that the tableview is filled before all the corelocation stuff happens. how can i make corelocation makes all updates before the table is filled? heres my class: // // EntriesListViewController.m // OEAW_App // // Created by Clemens on 6/6/10. // Copyright 2010 MyCompanyName. All rights reserved. // import "EntriesListViewController.h" import "EntryDetailController.h" @implementation EntriesListViewController @synthesize locationManager; @synthesize delegate; NSMutableDictionary *entries; NSMutableDictionary *dictionary; CLLocation *coords; /- (id) init { self = [super init]; if (self != nil) { self.locationManager = [[[CLLocationManager alloc] init] autorelease]; self.locationManager.delegate = self; } return self; }/ (CLLocationManager *)locationManager { if (locationManager != nil) { return locationManager; } locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init]; locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyNearestTenMeters; locationManager.delegate = self; return locationManager; } (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateToLocation:(CLLocation *)newLocation fromLocation:(CLLocation *)oldLocation { //coords.longitude = newLocation.coordinate.longitude; //coords.latitude = newLocation.coordinate.latitude; coords = newLocation; NSLog(@"Location: %@", [newLocation description]); } (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didFailWithError:(NSError *)error { NSLog(@"Error: %@", [error description]); } (void)viewDidLoad { //[[MyCLController alloc] init]; //[locationManager startUpdatingLocation]; [[self locationManager] startUpdatingLocation]; //---initialize the array--- //entries = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; //---add items--- //NSString *Path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] bundlePath]; //NSString *DataPath = [Path stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Memorials.plist"]; dictionary = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString: @"http://akm.madison.at/memorials.xml"]]; /*NSDictionary *dssItem = [dictionary objectForKey:@"1"]; NSString *text = [dssItem objectForKey:@"text"]; */ //entries = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init]; NSLog(@"%@", dictionary); //Path get the path to MyTestList.plist NSString *path=[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"Memorials" ofType:@"plist"]; //Next create the dictionary from the contents of the file. NSDictionary *dict=[NSDictionary dictionaryWithContentsOfFile:path]; //now we can use the items in the file. // self.name.text = [dict valueForKey:@"Name"] ; NSLog(@"%@",[dict valueForKey:@"Name"]); //---set the title--- self.navigationItem.title = @"Türkendenkmäler"; [super viewDidLoad]; } (NSInteger)numberOfSectionsInTableView:(UITableView *)tableView { // Return the number of sections. return 1; } (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section { // Return the number of rows in the section. return [dictionary count]; } // Customize the appearance of table view cells. - (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { static NSString *CellIdentifier = @"Cell"; UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:CellIdentifier]; if (cell == nil) { cell = [[[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:UITableViewCellStyleValue1 reuseIdentifier:CellIdentifier] autorelease]; } // Configure the cell... NSArray *keys = [dictionary allKeys]; id key = [keys objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; NSDictionary *tmp = [dictionary objectForKey:key]; NSString *name = [tmp objectForKey:@"name"]; cell.textLabel.text = name; cell.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"Helvetica" size:12.0]; CLLocation *location = [[CLLocation alloc] initWithLatitude:[[tmp valueForKey:@"coords_x"] floatValue] longitude:[[tmp valueForKey:@"coords_y"] floatValue]]; /*CLLocation *newLoc = [[CLLocation alloc] initWithLatitude:coords.latitude longitude:coords.longitude];*/ //locationController = [[MyCLController alloc] init]; int distance = [coords distanceFromLocation:location]; NSLog(@"%@",distance); cell.detailTextLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@m",distance]; //NSLog(@"%@", [getLocation newLoc]); return cell; } (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { EntryDetailController *detailViewController = [[EntryDetailController alloc] initWithNibName:@"EntryDetailController" bundle:nil]; //detailViewController.entrySelected = [dictionary objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; NSArray *keys = [dictionary allKeys]; id key = [keys objectAtIndex:indexPath.row]; NSDictionary *tmp = [dictionary objectForKey:key]; NSString *name = [tmp objectForKey:@"name"]; detailViewController.entrySelected_name = name; NSString *location = [tmp objectForKey:@"location"]; detailViewController.entrySelected_location = location; NSString *type = [tmp objectForKey:@"type"]; detailViewController.entrySelected_type = type; NSString *slug = [tmp objectForKey:@"slug"]; detailViewController.entrySelected_slug = slug; [self.navigationController pushViewController:detailViewController animated:YES]; [detailViewController release]; } (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; } (void)dealloc { [entries release]; [super dealloc]; } @end

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• Problem deploying servlets in JBoss 5.1 on eclipse.

  - by Jeremy Goodell

  Yesterday I created a simple image servlet and attempted to deploy it. I am getting an error on JBoss startup, and then further errors on trying to invoke the servlet. I spent about 8 hours yesterday searching the web for answers and trying different scenarios. I ended up making my JBoss problems worse and then fixing them, but I never did get the servlet to work. The servlet is com.controller.MyImageServlet, and looks like this: package com.controller; import javax.servlet.http.*; /** * Servlet implementation class MyImageServlet */ public class MyImageServlet extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; public MyImageServlet() { super(); } // Process the HTTP Get request public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { /* ... */ } } The tags I've added to web.xml looks like this: <servlet> <servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.controller.MyImageServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/CERTIMAGE/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> On server startup, this is the only indication in the log that something is amiss: 01:59:25,328 WARN [JAXWSDeployerHookPreJSE] Cannot load servlet class: com.controller.MyImageServlet When I try the URL pattern (http://localhost:9980/CERTIMAGE/1), I get the following stack trace in the log (and in the Browser): 01:59:39,640 INFO [[/]] Marking servlet ImageServlet as unavailable 01:59:39,640 ERROR [[ImageServlet]] Allocate exception for servlet ImageServlet java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.controller.MyImageServlet at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:202) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:248) at org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.TomcatInjectionContainer.newInstance(TomcatInjectionContainer.java:262) at org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.TomcatInjectionContainer.newInstance(TomcatInjectionContainer.java:256) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1006) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.allocate(StandardWrapper.java:777) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:129) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191) at org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.SecurityAssociationValve.invoke(SecurityAssociationValve.java:190) at org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.JaccContextValve.invoke(JaccContextValve.java:92) at org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.SecurityContextEstablishmentValve.process(SecurityContextEstablishmentValve.java:126) at org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.SecurityContextEstablishmentValve.invoke(SecurityContextEstablishmentValve.java:70) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102) at org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.jca.CachedConnectionValve.invoke(CachedConnectionValve.java:158) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:330) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:829) at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:598) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:447) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619) If I try the URL pattern again, I get the following message in the log: 09:33:32,390 INFO [[ImageServlet]] Servlet ImageServlet is currently unavailable I have verified that MyImageServlet.class is in the WAR at WEB-INF/classes/com/controller/images. As a matter of fact, I even added some code to one of my JSPs to attempt to instantiate the Servlet and call the doGet method. This actually works and outputs the correct debug sequences to the log indicating that the Servlet constructor and doGet methods were called. I also tried following some instructions for creating/deploying a very simple HelloWorld servlet, and that has exactly the same problem. Note that web.xml already contained a servlet put there by JBoss: org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.StatusServlet -- that Servlet does not give any errors in the log. As an experiment, I removed ".web" from that path and ended up getting exactly the same error as I'm getting on my Servlet. So it would appear that JBoss is not able to locate my Servlet given the specified path. Just for kicks, I've tried all sorts of other paths, like just plain MyImageServlet, controller.MyImageServlet, and more. Also, the servlet was originally named ImageServlet, but I attempted the name change thinking maybe there was some conflict with an existing ImageServlet. In all cases, the behavior is the same. After all of my research yesterday, I would say that this appears to be a problem with the JBoss servlet container, and I also learned that JBoss 5.1.0.GA should come bundled with a tomcat servlet container. I installed JBoss on my PC (Windows XP) myself less than 2 months ago (from jboss.org) and used it pretty much as is. Note that I am running on JDK 1.6, so I did use the jboss-jdk6 installation version. I am running on Windows, but I also deploy to a Linux virtual dedicated server. I deployed the current version of my program, including the servlet to the Linux box, but I get the exact same errors. I'm reluctant to just try reinstalling JBoss, since it's hard to place the blame on the JBoss installation when I get the same errors on two completely different installations. I am a bit suspicious of the bundled tomcat servlet container, because using eclipse, I haven't been able to locate any indication that there is a tomcat bundled into JBoss. I did locate servlet-api.jar in the JBoss common/lib directory. This is on the eclipse build path. One possibly useful note: I had previously used a standalone tomcat server for other projects using the same eclipse, so maybe it's some sort of eclipse issue? But, as I said, I do get the same errors when I deploy to the Linux server, and that deployment process just involves ftping files to the server and then putting them into the deployed war package and restarting JBoss. Thanks for any help you can provide.

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• NSOutlineView not refreshing when objects added to managed object context from NSOperations

  - by John Gallagher

  Background Cocoa app using core data Two processes - daemon and a main UI Daemon constantly writing to a data store UI process reads from same data store NSOutlineView in UI is bound to an NSTreeController which is bound to Application with key path of delegate.interpretedMOC What I want When the UI is activated, the outline view should update with the latest data inserted by the daemon. The Problem Main Thread Approach I fetch all the entities I'm interested in, then iterate over them, doing refreshObject:mergeChanges:YES. This works OK - the items get refreshed correctly. However, this is all running on the main thread, so the UI locks up for 10-20 seconds whilst it refreshes. Fine, so let's move these refreshes to NSOperations that run in the background instead. NSOperation Multithreaded Approach As soon as I move the refreshObject:mergeChanges: call into an NSOperation, the refresh no longer works. When I add logging messages, it's clear that the new objects are loaded in by the NSOperation subclass and refreshed. Not only that, but they are What I've tried I've messed around with this for 2 days solid and tried everything I can think of. Passing objectIDs to the NSOperation to refresh instead of an entity name. Resetting the interpretedMOC at various points - after the data refresh and before the outline view reload. I'd subclassed NSOutlineView. I discarded my subclass and set the view back to being an instance of NSOutlineView, just in case there was any funny goings on here. Added a rearrangeObjects call to the NSTreeController before reloading the NSOutlineView data. Made sure I had set the staleness interval to 0 on all managed object contexts I was using. I've got a feeling this problem is somehow related to caching core data objects in memory. But I've totally exhausted all my ideas on how I get this to work. I'd be eternally grateful of any ideas anyone else has. Code Main Thread Approach // In App Delegate -(void)applicationDidBecomeActive:(NSNotification *)notification { // Delay to allow time for the daemon to save [self performSelector:@selector(refreshTrainingEntriesAndGroups) withObject:nil afterDelay:3]; } -(void)refreshTrainingEntriesAndGroups { NSSet *allTrainingGroups = [[[NSApp delegate] interpretedMOC] fetchAllObjectsForEntityName:kTrainingGroup]; for(JGTrainingGroup *thisTrainingGroup in allTrainingGroups) [interpretedMOC refreshObject:thisTrainingGroup mergeChanges:YES]; NSError *saveError = nil; [interpretedMOC save:&saveError]; [windowController performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(refreshTrainingView) withObject:nil waitUntilDone:YES]; } // In window controller class -(void)refreshTrainingView { [trainingViewTreeController rearrangeObjects]; // Didn't really expect this to have any effect. And it didn't. [trainingView reloadData]; } NSOperation Multithreaded Approach // In App Delegate -(void)refreshTrainingEntriesAndGroups { JGRefreshEntityOperation *trainingGroupRefresh = [[JGRefreshEntityOperation alloc] initWithEntityName:kTrainingGroup]; NSOperationQueue *refreshQueue = [[NSOperationQueue alloc] init]; [refreshQueue setMaxConcurrentOperationCount:1]; [refreshQueue addOperation:trainingGroupRefresh]; while ([[refreshQueue operations] count] > 0) { [[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] runUntilDate:[NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:0.05]]; [windowController performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(refreshTrainingView) withObject:nil waitUntilDone:YES]; } // JGRefreshEntityOperation.m @implementation JGRefreshEntityOperation @synthesize started; @synthesize executing; @synthesize paused; @synthesize finished; -(void)main { [self startOperation]; NSSet *allEntities = [imoc fetchAllObjectsForEntityName:entityName]; for(id thisEntity in allEntities) [imoc refreshObject:thisEntity mergeChanges:YES]; [self finishOperation]; } -(void)startOperation { [self willChangeValueForKey:@"isExecuting"]; [self willChangeValueForKey:@"isStarted"]; [self setStarted:YES]; [self setExecuting:YES]; [self didChangeValueForKey:@"isExecuting"]; [self didChangeValueForKey:@"isStarted"]; imoc = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] init]; [imoc setStalenessInterval:0]; [imoc setUndoManager:nil]; [imoc setPersistentStoreCoordinator:[[NSApp delegate] interpretedPSC]]; [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(mergeChanges:) name:NSManagedObjectContextDidSaveNotification object:imoc]; } -(void)finishOperation { saveError = nil; [imoc save:&saveError]; if (saveError) { NSLog(@"Error saving. %@", saveError); } imoc = nil; [self willChangeValueForKey:@"isExecuting"]; [self willChangeValueForKey:@"isFinished"]; [self setExecuting:NO]; [self setFinished:YES]; [self didChangeValueForKey:@"isExecuting"]; [self didChangeValueForKey:@"isFinished"]; } -(void)mergeChanges:(NSNotification *)notification { NSManagedObjectContext *mainContext = [[NSApp delegate] interpretedMOC]; [mainContext performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(mergeChangesFromContextDidSaveNotification:) withObject:notification waitUntilDone:YES]; } -(id)initWithEntityName:(NSString *)entityName_ { [super init]; [self setStarted:false]; [self setExecuting:false]; [self setPaused:false]; [self setFinished:false]; [NSThread setThreadPriority:0.0]; entityName = entityName_; return self; } @end // JGRefreshEntityOperation.h @interface JGRefreshEntityOperation : NSOperation { NSString *entityName; NSManagedObjectContext *imoc; NSError *saveError; BOOL started; BOOL executing; BOOL paused; BOOL finished; } @property(readwrite, getter=isStarted) BOOL started; @property(readwrite, getter=isPaused) BOOL paused; @property(readwrite, getter=isExecuting) BOOL executing; @property(readwrite, getter=isFinished) BOOL finished; -(void)startOperation; -(void)finishOperation; -(id)initWithEntityName:(NSString *)entityName_; -(void)mergeChanges:(NSNotification *)notification; @end

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• Fragment shaders on a texture

  - by Snowangelic

  Hello stack overflow. I am trying to add some post-processing capabilities to a program. The rendering is done using openGL. I just want to allow the program to load some home made fragment shader and use them on the video stream. I wrote a little piece of shader using "OpenGL Shader Builder" that just turns a texture in grayscale. The shaders works well in the shader builder but I can't make it work in the main program. The screens stays all black. Here is the setup : @implementation PluginGLView - (id) initWithCoder: (NSCoder *) coder { const GLubyte * strExt; if ((self = [super initWithCoder:coder]) == nil) return nil; glLock = [[NSLock alloc] init]; if (nil == glLock) { [self release]; return nil; } // Init pixel format attribs NSOpenGLPixelFormatAttribute attrs[] = { NSOpenGLPFAAccelerated, NSOpenGLPFANoRecovery, NSOpenGLPFADoubleBuffer, 0 }; // Get pixel format from OpenGL NSOpenGLPixelFormat* pixFmt = [[NSOpenGLPixelFormat alloc] initWithAttributes:attrs]; if (!pixFmt) { NSLog(@"No Accelerated OpenGL pixel format found\n"); NSOpenGLPixelFormatAttribute attrs2[] = { NSOpenGLPFANoRecovery, 0 }; // Get pixel format from OpenGL pixFmt = [[NSOpenGLPixelFormat alloc] initWithAttributes:attrs2]; if (!pixFmt) { NSLog(@"No OpenGL pixel format found!\n"); [self release]; return nil; } } [self setPixelFormat:[pixFmt autorelease]]; /* long swapInterval = 1 ; [[self openGLContext] setValues:&swapInterval forParameter:NSOpenGLCPSwapInterval]; */ [glLock lock]; [[self openGLContext] makeCurrentContext]; // Init object members strExt = glGetString (GL_EXTENSIONS); texture_range = gluCheckExtension ((const unsigned char *)"GL_APPLE_texture_range", strExt) ? GL_TRUE : GL_FALSE; texture_hint = GL_STORAGE_SHARED_APPLE ; client_storage = gluCheckExtension ((const unsigned char *)"GL_APPLE_client_storage", strExt) ? GL_TRUE : GL_FALSE; rect_texture = gluCheckExtension((const unsigned char *)"GL_EXT_texture_rectangle", strExt) ? GL_TRUE : GL_FALSE; // Setup some basic OpenGL stuff glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1); glTexEnvi(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_REPLACE); glColor4f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); // Loads the shaders shader=LoadShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER,"/Users/alexandremathieu/fragment.fs"); program=glCreateProgram(); glAttachShader(program, shader); glLinkProgram(program); glUseProgram(program); [NSOpenGLContext clearCurrentContext]; [glLock unlock]; image_width = 1024; image_height = 512; image_depth = 16; image_type = GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_1_5_5_5_REV; image_base = (GLubyte *) calloc(((IMAGE_COUNT * image_width * image_height) / 3) * 4, image_depth >> 3); if (image_base == nil) { [self release]; return nil; } // Create and load textures for the first time [self loadTextures:GL_TRUE]; // Init fps timer //gettimeofday(&cycle_time, NULL); drawBG = YES; // Call for a redisplay noDisplay = YES; PSXDisplay.Disabled = 1; [self setNeedsDisplay:true]; return self; } And here is the "render screen" function wich basically...renders the screen. - (void)renderScreen { int bufferIndex = whichImage; glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE_EXT, bufferIndex+1); glUseProgram(program); int loc=glGetUniformLocation(program, "texture"); glUniform1i(loc,bufferIndex+1); glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE_EXT, 0, 0, 0, image_width, image_height, GL_BGRA, image_type, image[bufferIndex]); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glTexCoord2f(0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex2f(-1.0f, 1.0f); glTexCoord2f(0.0f, image_height); glVertex2f(-1.0f, -1.0f); glTexCoord2f(image_width, image_height); glVertex2f(1.0f, -1.0f); glTexCoord2f(image_width, 0.0f); glVertex2f(1.0f, 1.0f); glEnd(); [[self openGLContext] flushBuffer]; [NSOpenGLContext clearCurrentContext]; //[glLock unlock]; } and finally here's the shader. uniform sampler2DRect texture; void main() { vec4 color, texel; color = gl_Color; texel = texture2DRect(texture, gl_TexCoord[0].xy); color *= texel; // Begin Shader float gray=0.0; gray+=(color.r + color.g + color.b)/3.0; color=vec4(gray,gray,gray,color.a); // End Shader gl_FragColor = color; } The loading and using of shaders works since I am able to turn the screen all red with this shader void main(){ gl_FragColor=vec4(1.0,0.0,0.0,1.0); } If the shader contains a syntax error I get an error message from the LoadShader function etc. If I remove the use of the shader, everything works normally. I think the problem comes from the "passing the texture as a uniform parameter" thing. But these are my very firsts step with openGL and I cant be sure of anything. Don't hesitate to ask for more info. Thank you Stack O.

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• Modelling boost::Lockable with semaphore rather than mutex (previously titled: Unlocking a mutex fr

  - by dan

  I'm using the C++ boost::thread library, which in my case means I'm using pthreads. Officially, a mutex must be unlocked from the same thread which locks it, and I want the effect of being able to lock in one thread and then unlock in another. There are many ways to accomplish this. One possibility would be to write a new mutex class which allows this behavior. For example: class inter_thread_mutex{ bool locked; boost::mutex mx; boost::condition_variable cv; public: void lock(){ boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex> lck(mx); while(locked) cv.wait(lck); locked=true; } void unlock(){ { boost::lock_guard<boost::mutex> lck(mx); if(!locked) error(); locked=false; } cv.notify_one(); } // bool try_lock(); void error(); etc. } I should point out that the above code doesn't guarantee FIFO access, since if one thread calls lock() while another calls unlock(), this first thread may acquire the lock ahead of other threads which are waiting. (Come to think of it, the boost::thread documentation doesn't appear to make any explicit scheduling guarantees for either mutexes or condition variables). But let's just ignore that (and any other bugs) for now. My question is, if I decide to go this route, would I be able to use such a mutex as a model for the boost Lockable concept. For example, would anything go wrong if I use a boost::unique_lock< inter_thread_mutex for RAII-style access, and then pass this lock to boost::condition_variable_any.wait(), etc. On one hand I don't see why not. On the other hand, "I don't see why not" is usually a very bad way of determining whether something will work. The reason I ask is that if it turns out that I have to write wrapper classes for RAII locks and condition variables and whatever else, then I'd rather just find some other way to achieve the same effect. EDIT: The kind of behavior I want is basically as follows. I have an object, and it needs to be locked whenever it is modified. I want to lock the object from one thread, and do some work on it. Then I want to keep the object locked while I tell another worker thread to complete the work. So the first thread can go on and do something else while the worker thread finishes up. When the worker thread gets done, it unlocks the mutex. And I want the transition to be seemless so nobody else can get the mutex lock in between when thread 1 starts the work and thread 2 completes it. Something like inter_thread_mutex seems like it would work, and it would also allow the program to interact with it as if it were an ordinary mutex. So it seems like a clean solution. If there's a better solution, I'd be happy to hear that also. EDIT AGAIN: The reason I need locks to begin with is that there are multiple master threads, and the locks are there to prevent them from accessing shared objects concurrently in invalid ways. So the code already uses loop-level lock-free sequencing of operations at the master thread level. Also, in the original implementation, there were no worker threads, and the mutexes were ordinary kosher mutexes. The inter_thread_thingy came up as an optimization, primarily to improve response time. In many cases, it was sufficient to guarantee that the "first part" of operation A, occurs before the "first part" of operation B. As a dumb example, say I punch object 1 and give it a black eye. Then I tell object 1 to change it's internal structure to reflect all the tissue damage. I don't want to wait around for the tissue damage before I move on to punch object 2. However, I do want the tissue damage to occur as part of the same operation; for example, in the interim, I don't want any other thread to reconfigure the object in such a way that would make tissue damage an invalid operation. (yes, this example is imperfect in many ways, and no I'm not working on a game) So we made the change to a model where ownership of an object can be passed to a worker thread to complete an operation, and it actually works quite nicely; each master thread is able to get a lot more operations done because it doesn't need to wait for them all to complete. And, since the event sequencing at the master thread level is still loop-based, it is easy to write high-level master-thread operations, as they can be based on the assumption that an operation is complete when the corresponding function call returns. Finally, I thought it would be nice to use inter_thread mutex/semaphore thingies using RAII with boost locks to encapsulate the necessary synchronization that is required to make the whole thing work.

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• Integrate openid4java to GWT Project

  - by Slyker

  Hi, I created an GWT project in eclipse. Now I tried to implement openId with using the openid4java library. I imported the .jar files via properties--java build path: openid4java-0.9.5.jar lib/*.jar In addition I copied the .jar files into the war/WEB-INF/lib directory. The problem at hand comes up when I call the authenticate() method. Then I get a: HTTP ERROR 500 Problem accessing /openid/openid. Reason: access denied (java.lang.RuntimePermission modifyThreadGroup)Caused by:java.security.AccessControlException: access denied (java.lang.RuntimePermission modifyThreadGroup) at java.security.AccessControlContext.checkPermission(Unknown Source) at java.security.AccessController.checkPermission(Unknown Source) at java.lang.SecurityManager.checkPermission(Unknown Source) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.DevAppServerFactory$CustomSecurityManager.checkPermission(DevAppServerFactory.java:166) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.DevAppServerFactory$CustomSecurityManager.checkAccess(DevAppServerFactory.java:191) at java.lang.ThreadGroup.checkAccess(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Thread.init(Unknown Source) at java.lang.Thread.<init>(Unknown Source) at org.apache.commons.httpclient.MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager$ReferenceQueueThread.<init>(MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager.java:1039) at org.apache.commons.httpclient.MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager.storeReferenceToConnection(MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager.java:164) at org.apache.commons.httpclient.MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager.access$900(MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager.java:64) at org.apache.commons.httpclient.MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager$ConnectionPool.createConnection(MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager.java:750) at org.apache.commons.httpclient.MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager.doGetConnection(MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager.java:469) at org.apache.commons.httpclient.MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager.getConnectionWithTimeout(MultiThreadedHttpConnectionManager.java:394) at org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpMethodDirector.executeMethod(HttpMethodDirector.java:152) at org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient.executeMethod(HttpClient.java:396) at org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient.executeMethod(HttpClient.java:324) at org.openid4java.util.HttpCache.head(HttpCache.java:296) at org.openid4java.discovery.yadis.YadisResolver.retrieveXrdsLocation(YadisResolver.java:360) at org.openid4java.discovery.yadis.YadisResolver.discover(YadisResolver.java:229) at org.openid4java.discovery.yadis.YadisResolver.discover(YadisResolver.java:221) at org.openid4java.discovery.yadis.YadisResolver.discover(YadisResolver.java:179) at org.openid4java.discovery.Discovery.discover(Discovery.java:134) at org.openid4java.discovery.Discovery.discover(Discovery.java:114) at org.openid4java.consumer.ConsumerManager.discover(ConsumerManager.java:527) at auth.openid.server.OpenIDServlet.authenticate(OpenIDServlet.java:138) at auth.openid.server.OpenIDServlet.doGet(OpenIDServlet.java:101) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:693) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:806) at org.mortbay.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.handle(ServletHolder.java:511) at org.mortbay.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler$CachedChain.doFilter(ServletHandler.java:1166) at com.google.appengine.api.blobstore.dev.ServeBlobFilter.doFilter(ServeBlobFilter.java:51) at org.mortbay.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler$CachedChain.doFilter(ServletHandler.java:1157) at com.google.apphosting.utils.servlet.TransactionCleanupFilter.doFilter(TransactionCleanupFilter.java:43) at org.mortbay.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler$CachedChain.doFilter(ServletHandler.java:1157) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.StaticFileFilter.doFilter(StaticFileFilter.java:122) at org.mortbay.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler$CachedChain.doFilter(ServletHandler.java:1157) at org.mortbay.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler.handle(ServletHandler.java:388) at org.mortbay.jetty.security.SecurityHandler.handle(SecurityHandler.java:216) at org.mortbay.jetty.servlet.SessionHandler.handle(SessionHandler.java:182) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.ContextHandler.handle(ContextHandler.java:765) at org.mortbay.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext.handle(WebAppContext.java:418) at com.google.apphosting.utils.jetty.DevAppEngineWebAppContext.handle(DevAppEngineWebAppContext.java:70) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.HandlerWrapper.handle(HandlerWrapper.java:152) at com.google.appengine.tools.development.JettyContainerService$ApiProxyHandler.handle(JettyContainerService.java:349) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.HandlerWrapper.handle(HandlerWrapper.java:152) at org.mortbay.jetty.Server.handle(Server.java:326) at org.mortbay.jetty.HttpConnection.handleRequest(HttpConnection.java:542) at org.mortbay.jetty.HttpConnection$RequestHandler.headerComplete(HttpConnection.java:923) at org.mortbay.jetty.HttpParser.parseNext(HttpParser.java:547) at org.mortbay.jetty.HttpParser.parseAvailable(HttpParser.java:212) at org.mortbay.jetty.HttpConnection.handle(HttpConnection.java:404) at org.mortbay.io.nio.SelectChannelEndPoint.run(SelectChannelEndPoint.java:409) at org.mortbay.thread.QueuedThreadPool$PoolThread.run(QueuedThreadPool.java:582) Here my servlet source: import com.google.gwt.user.client.rpc.RemoteService; import org.openid4java.OpenIDException; import org.openid4java.consumer.ConsumerException; import org.openid4java.consumer.ConsumerManager; import org.openid4java.consumer.VerificationResult; import org.openid4java.discovery.DiscoveryInformation; import org.openid4java.discovery.Identifier; import org.openid4java.message.AuthRequest; import org.openid4java.message.ParameterList; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.IOException; import java.text.MessageFormat; import java.util.List; public final class OpenIDServlet extends HttpServlet implements RemoteService { private final ConsumerManager manager; public OpenIDServlet() { try { manager = new ConsumerManager(); } catch (ConsumerException e) { throw new RuntimeException("Error creating consumer manager", e); } } ... private void authenticate(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException, ServletException { final String loginString = request.getParameter(nameParameter); try { // perform discovery on the user-supplied identifier List discoveries = manager.discover(loginString); // attempt to associate with the OpenID provider // and retrieve one service endpoint for authentication DiscoveryInformation discovered = manager.associate(discoveries); // obtain a AuthRequest message to be sent to the OpenID provider AuthRequest authReq = manager.authenticate(discovered, "openid", null); // redirect to OpenID for authentication response.sendRedirect(authReq.getDestinationUrl(true)); } catch (OpenIDException e) { throw new ServletException("Login string probably caused an error. loginString = " + loginString, e); } } My question now is: What could be my fault? Did I make any mistakes in importing the openid4java library? (which?) All other methods in the servlet which do not use the openid4java implementation work fine. Thanks, Andreas

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• collision with moving objects

  - by blacksheep

  tried to write a collision with the moving "floats" but did not succeed. maybe wrong place of the "collision" code? thanx 4 help! // // FruitsView.m // import "FruitsView.h" import "Constants.h" import "Utilities.h" define kFloat1Speed 0.15 define kFloat2Speed 0.3 define kFloat3Speed 0.2 @interface FruitsView (Private) - (void) stopTimer; @end @implementation FruitsView @synthesize apple, float1, float2, float3, posFloat1, posFloat2, posFloat3; -(void)onTimer { float1.center = CGPointMake(float1.center.x+posFloat1.x,float1.cen ter.y+posFloat1.y); if(float1.center.x 380 || float1.center.x < -60) posFloat1.x = -posFloat1.x; if(float1.center.y 100 || float1.center.y < -40) posFloat1.y = -posFloat1.y; float2.center = CGPointMake(float2.center.x+posFloat2.x,float2.cen ter.y+posFloat2.y); if(float2.center.x 380 || float2.center.x < -50) posFloat2.x = -posFloat2.x; if(float2.center.y 150 || float2.center.y < -30) posFloat2.y = -posFloat2.y; float3.center = CGPointMake(float3.center.x+posFloat3.x,float3.cen ter.y+posFloat3.y); if(float3.center.x 380 || float3.center.x < -70) posFloat3.x = -posFloat3.x; if(float3.center.y 100 || float3.center.y < -20) posFloat3.y = -posFloat3.y; if(CGRectIntersectsRect(apple.frame,float1.frame)) { if(apple.center.y float1.center.y) { posApple.y = -posApple.y; } } if(CGRectIntersectsRect(apple.frame,float2.frame)) { if(apple.center.y float2.center.y) { posFloat2.y = -posFloat2.y; } } if(CGRectIntersectsRect(apple.frame,float3.frame)) { if(apple.center.y float3.center.y) { posFloat3.y = -posFloat3.y; } } } pragma mark Initialisation/destruction (void)awakeFromNib { [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:0.0001 target:self selector:@selector(onTimer) userInfo:nil repeats:YES]; posFloat1 = CGPointMake(kFloat1Speed, 0); posFloat2 = CGPointMake(kFloat2Speed, 0); posFloat3 = CGPointMake(kFloat3Speed, 0); timer = nil; modeLock = lockNotYetChosen; defaultSize = self.bounds.size.width; modal = self.tag; [[UIAccelerometer sharedAccelerometer] setDelegate:self]; [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:nil]; [UIView setAnimationRepeatCount:1]; eadbea.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(0.5,0.5); [UIView commitAnimations]; [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:nil]; [UIView setAnimationRepeatCount:1]; apple.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(0.5,0.5); [UIView commitAnimations]; } pragma mark Background animation processing (void) startTimer { if (!timer) { timer = [[NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:1.0/60.0 target:self selector:@selector(timerTick:) userInfo:nil repeats:YES] retain]; } } (void) stopTimer { [timer invalidate]; [timer release]; timer = nil; } (void) check:(CGPoint*)position delta:(CGSize*)delta halfSize:(CGSize)halfSize forBouncingAgainst:(CGSize)containerSize { if ((position-x - halfSize.width)<0) { delta-width = fabsf(delta-width)*BOUNCE_DAMPING; position-x = halfSize.width; } if ((position-x + halfSize.width)containerSize.width) { delta-width = fabsf(delta-width)*-BOUNCE_DAMPING; position-x = containerSize.width - halfSize.width; } if ((position-y - halfSize.height)<0) { delta-height = fabsf(delta-height)*BOUNCE_DAMPING; position-y = halfSize.height; } if ((position-y + halfSize.height)containerSize.height) { delta-height = fabsf(delta-height)*-BOUNCE_DAMPING; position-y = containerSize.height - halfSize.height; } } (void) timerTick: (NSTimer*)timer { dragDelta = CGSizeScale(dragDelta, INERTIAL_DAMPING); if ((fabsf(dragDelta.width)DELTA_ZERO_THRESHOLD) || (fabsf(dragDelta.height)DELTA_ZERO_THRESHOLD)) { CGPoint ctr = CGPointApplyDelta(self.center, dragDelta); CGSize halfSize = CGSizeMake(self.bounds.size.width/4, self.bounds.size.height/4); [self check:&ctr delta:&dragDelta halfSize:halfSize forBouncingAgainst:self.superview.bounds.size]; self.center = ctr; } else { [self stopTimer]; } } pragma mark Input Handling (void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent )event { NSSet allTouches = [event touchesForView:self]; if ([allTouches count]==1) { if (modeLocklockNotYetChosen) return; UITouch* anyTouch = [touches anyObject]; lastMove = anyTouch.timestamp; CGPoint now = [anyTouch locationInView: self.superview]; CGPoint then = [anyTouch previousLocationInView: self.superview]; dragDelta = CGPointDelta(now, then); self.center = CGPointApplyDelta(self.center, dragDelta); [self stopTimer]; } } (void)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { NSSet* allTouches = [event touchesForView:self]; if ([touches count]==[allTouches count]) { modeLock = lockNotYetChosen; if ((event.timestamp - lastMove) MOVEMENT_PAUSE_THRESHOLD) return; if ((fabsf(dragDelta.width)INERTIA_THRESHOLD) || (fabsf(dragDelta.height)INERTIA_THRESHOLD)) { [self startTimer]; } } } (void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { modeLock = lockNotYetChosen; [self stopTimer]; } (void)dealloc { [float1 release]; [float2 release]; [float3 release]; [apple release]; [bear_head release]; [self stopTimer]; [super dealloc]; } @end

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• Graphics.MeasureCharacterRanges giving wrong size calculations in C#.Net?

  - by Owen Blacker

  I'm trying to render some text into a specific part of an image in a Web Forms app. The text will be user entered, so I want to vary the font size to make sure it fits within the bounding box. I have code that was doing this fine on my proof-of-concept implementation, but I'm now trying it against the assets from the designer, which are larger, and I'm getting some odd results. I'm running the size calculation as follows: StringFormat fmt = new StringFormat(); fmt.Alignment = StringAlignment.Center; fmt.LineAlignment = StringAlignment.Near; fmt.FormatFlags = StringFormatFlags.NoClip; fmt.Trimming = StringTrimming.None; int size = __startingSize; Font font = __fonts.GetFontBySize(size); while (GetStringBounds(text, font, fmt).IsLargerThan(__textBoundingBox)) { context.Trace.Write("MyHandler.ProcessRequest", "Decrementing font size to " + size + ", as size is " + GetStringBounds(text, font, fmt).Size() + " and limit is " + __textBoundingBox.Size()); size--; if (size < __minimumSize) { break; } font = __fonts.GetFontBySize(size); } context.Trace.Write("MyHandler.ProcessRequest", "Writing " + text + " in " + font.FontFamily.Name + " at " + font.SizeInPoints + "pt, size is " + GetStringBounds(text, font, fmt).Size() + " and limit is " + __textBoundingBox.Size()); I then use the following line to render the text onto an image I'm pulling from the filesystem: g.DrawString(text, font, __brush, __textBoundingBox, fmt); where: __fonts is a PrivateFontCollection, PrivateFontCollection.GetFontBySize is an extension method that returns a FontFamily RectangleF __textBoundingBox = new RectangleF(150, 110, 212, 64); int __minimumSize = 8; int __startingSize = 48; Brush __brush = Brushes.White; int size starts out at 48 and decrements within that loop Graphics g has SmoothingMode.AntiAlias and TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias set context is a System.Web.HttpContext (this is an excerpt from the ProcessRequest method of an IHttpHandler) The other methods are: private static RectangleF GetStringBounds(string text, Font font, StringFormat fmt) { CharacterRange[] range = { new CharacterRange(0, text.Length) }; StringFormat myFormat = fmt.Clone() as StringFormat; myFormat.SetMeasurableCharacterRanges(range); using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(new Bitmap( (int) __textBoundingBox.Width - 1, (int) __textBoundingBox.Height - 1))) { g.SmoothingMode = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.SmoothingMode.AntiAlias; g.TextRenderingHint = System.Drawing.Text.TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias; Region[] regions = g.MeasureCharacterRanges(text, font, __textBoundingBox, myFormat); return regions[0].GetBounds(g); } } public static string Size(this RectangleF rect) { return rect.Width + "×" + rect.Height; } public static bool IsLargerThan(this RectangleF a, RectangleF b) { return (a.Width > b.Width) || (a.Height > b.Height); } Now I have two problems. Firstly, the text sometimes insists on wrapping by inserting a line-break within a word, when it should just fail to fit and cause the while loop to decrement again. I can't see why it is that Graphics.MeasureCharacterRanges thinks that this fits within the box when it shouldn't be word-wrapping within a word. This behaviour is exhibited irrespective of the character set used (I get it in Latin alphabet words, as well as other parts of the Unicode range, like Cyrillic, Greek, Georgian and Armenian). Is there some setting I should be using to force Graphics.MeasureCharacterRanges only to be word-wrapping at whitespace characters (or hyphens)? This first problem is the same as post 2499067. Secondly, in scaling up to the new image and font size, Graphics.MeasureCharacterRanges is giving me heights that are wildly off. The RectangleF I am drawing within corresponds to a visually apparent area of the image, so I can easily see when the text is being decremented more than is necessary. Yet when I pass it some text, the GetBounds call is giving me a height that is almost double what it's actually taking. Using trial and error to set the __minimumSize to force an exit from the while loop, I can see that 24pt text fits within the bounding box, yet Graphics.MeasureCharacterRanges is reporting that the height of that text, once rendered to the image, is 122px (when the bounding box is 64px tall and it fits within that box). Indeed, without forcing the matter, the while loop iterates to 18pt, at which point Graphics.MeasureCharacterRanges returns a value that fits. The trace log excerpt is as follows: Decrementing font size to 24, as size is 193×122 and limit is 212×64 Decrementing font size to 23, as size is 191×117 and limit is 212×64 Decrementing font size to 22, as size is 200×75 and limit is 212×64 Decrementing font size to 21, as size is 192×71 and limit is 212×64 Decrementing font size to 20, as size is 198×68 and limit is 212×64 Decrementing font size to 19, as size is 185×65 and limit is 212×64 Writing VENNEGOOR of HESSELINK in DIN-Black at 18pt, size is 178×61 and limit is 212×64 So why is Graphics.MeasureCharacterRanges giving me a wrong result? I could understand it being, say, the line height of the font if the loop stopped around 21pt (which would visually fit, if I screenshot the results and measure it in Paint.Net), but it's going far further than it should be doing because, frankly, it's returning the wrong damn results. Any and all help gratefully received. Thanks!

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• HttpTransportSE requestDump gives NullPointerException

  - by Chamila

  Hi, I'm trying to access a webservice in Android via Ksoap2 for android. The SoapObject is created ok, the S.o.p of the bodyOut outputs the desired strings. But when I do a requestDump of the HttpTransportSE object I create to make the call, a NullPointerException happens. In other words, the transport object is null. How can this happen? Web Service is at http://srilanka.lk:9080/services/CropServiceProxy?wsdl This service works very well with SoapUI. SoapUI Request <soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope" xmlns:v1="http://schemas.icta.lk/xsd/crop/handler/v1/"> <soap:Header/> <soap:Body> <v1:getCropDataList> <v1:code>ABK</v1:code> </v1:getCropDataList> </soap:Body> </soap:Envelope> SoapUI Response <soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope"> <soapenv:Body> <ns1:getCropDataListResponse xmlns:ns1="http://schemas.icta.lk/xsd/crop/handler/v1/"> <ns1:cropInfo> <ns1:name>Ambul Kesel</ns1:name> <ns1:price>35.0</ns1:price> <ns1:location>Dambulla</ns1:location> </ns1:cropInfo> <ns1:cropInfo> <ns1:name>Ambul Kesel</ns1:name> <ns1:price>40.0</ns1:price> <ns1:location>Dambulla</ns1:location> </ns1:cropInfo> </ns1:getCropDataListResponse> </soapenv:Body> </soapenv:Envelope> Client Side Complex Type KvmSerializable implementation public class CropInfo implements KvmSerializable { private String name; private float price; private String location; @Override public Object getProperty(int arg0) { switch (arg0){ case 0: return name; case 1: return price; case 2: return location; default: return null; } } @Override public int getPropertyCount() { return 3; } @Override public void getPropertyInfo(int arg0, Hashtable arg1, PropertyInfo arg2) { switch (arg0){ case 0: arg2.type = PropertyInfo.STRING_CLASS; arg2.name = "Name"; break; case 1: arg2.type = Float.class; arg2.name = "Price"; break; case 2: arg2.type = PropertyInfo.STRING_CLASS; arg2.name = "Location"; break; default: break; } } @Override public void setProperty(int arg0, Object arg1) { switch(arg0){ case 0: name = arg1.toString(); break; case 1: price = Float.parseFloat(arg1.toString()); case 2: location = arg1.toString(); default: break; } } } Web Service Call public void btnOnClick(View v){ String NAMESPACE = "http://schemas.icta.lk/xsd/crop/handler/v1/"; String URL = "http://220.247.225.202:9080/services/CropServiceProxy.CropServiceProxyHttpSoap12Endpoint"; String method_name = "getCropDataList"; String SOAP_ACTION = "http://schemas.icta.lk/xsd/crop/handler/v1/getCropDataList"; SoapObject soap_request = new SoapObject(NAMESPACE, method_name); soap_request.addProperty("code", "ABK" ); SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER12); envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soap_request); envelope.addMapping(NAMESPACE, "cropInfo", CropInfo.class); //envelope.dotNet=true; Marshal floatMarshal = new MarshalFloat(); floatMarshal.register(envelope); System.out.println("body out : " + envelope.bodyOut.toString()); //AndroidHttpTransport http_transport = new AndroidHttpTransport(URL); HttpTransportSE http_transport = new HttpTransportSE(URL); try { //NullPointerException HERE System.out.println(http_transport.requestDump); http_transport.call(SOAP_ACTION, envelope); //because we should expect a vector, two kinds of prices are given Vector<CropInfo> result_array = (Vector<CropInfo>)envelope.getResponse(); if(result_array != null){ for (CropInfo current_crop: result_array){ System.out.println(current_crop.getName()); System.out.println(Float.toString(current_crop.getPrice())); } } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); answer.setText("error caught"); //System.out.println(http_transport.responseDump); } // String result_string[] = (String[])result; //answer.setText("returned"); } Can anyone explain this?

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• Problem with entityForName & ManagedObjectContext when extending tutorial material

  - by Martin KS

  Afternoon all, I tried to add a second data entity to the persistent store in the (locations) coredata tutorial code, and then access this in a new view. I think that I've followed the tutorial, and checked that I'm doing a clean build etc, but can't see what to change to prevent it crashing. I'm afraid I'm at my wits end with this one, and can't seem to find the step that I've missed. I've pasted the header and code files below, please let me know if I need to share any more of the code. The crash seems to happen on the line: NSEntityDescription *entity = [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"Album" inManagedObjectContext:[self managedObjectContext]]; There is one other line in the code that refers to galleryviewcontroller at the moment, and that's in the main application delegate: galleryViewController.managedObjectContext = [self managedObjectContext]; GalleryViewController.h #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface GalleryViewController : UIViewController { NSManagedObjectContext *managedObjectContext; int rowNumber; IBOutlet UILabel *lblMessage; UIBarButtonItem *addButton; NSMutableArray *imagesArray; } @property (readwrite) int rowNumber; @property (nonatomic,retain) UILabel *lblMessage; @property (nonatomic,retain) NSMutableArray *imagesArray; @property (nonatomic, retain) NSManagedObjectContext *managedObjectContext; @property (nonatomic, retain) UIBarButtonItem *addButton; -(void)updateRowNumber:(int)theIndex; -(void)addImage; @end GalleryViewController.m #import "RootViewController.h" #import "LocationsAppDelegate.h" #import "Album.h" #import "GalleryViewController.h" #import "Image.h" @implementation GalleryViewController @synthesize lblMessage,rowNumber,addButton,managedObjectContext; @synthesize imagesArray; /* // The designated initializer. Override if you create the controller programmatically and want to perform customization that is not appropriate for viewDidLoad. - (id)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil { if ((self = [super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil])) { // Custom initialization } return self; } */ -(void)updateRowNumber:(int)theIndex{ rowNumber=theIndex; LocationsAppDelegate *mainDelegate =(LocationsAppDelegate *)[[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate]; Album *anAlbum = [mainDelegate.albumsArray objectAtIndex:rowNumber]; lblMessage.text = anAlbum.uniqueAlbumIdentifier; } // Implement viewDidLoad to do additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib. - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; addButton = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemAdd target:self action:@selector(addImage)]; addButton.enabled = YES; self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = addButton; /* Found this in another answer, adding it to the code didn't help. if (managedObjectContext == nil) { managedObjectContext = [[[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate] managedObjectContext]; } */ NSFetchRequest *request = [[NSFetchRequest alloc] init]; NSEntityDescription *entity = [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"Album" inManagedObjectContext:[self managedObjectContext]]; [request setEntity:entity]; // Order the albums by creation date, most recent first. NSSortDescriptor *sortDescriptor = [[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:@"imagePath" ascending:NO]; NSArray *sortDescriptors = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:sortDescriptor, nil]; [request setSortDescriptors:sortDescriptors]; [sortDescriptor release]; [sortDescriptors release]; // Execute the fetch -- create a mutable copy of the result. NSError *error = nil; NSMutableArray *mutableFetchResults = [[managedObjectContext executeFetchRequest:request error:&error] mutableCopy]; if (mutableFetchResults == nil) { // Handle the error. } [self setImagesArray:mutableFetchResults]; int a = 5; int b = 10; for( int i=0; i<[imagesArray count]; i++ ) { if( a == 325 ) { a = 5; b += 70; } UIImageView *any = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(a,b,70,60)]; any.image = [imagesArray objectAtIndex:i]; any.tag = i; [self.view addSubview:any]; [any release]; a += 80; } } -(void)addImage{ NSString *msg = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%i",rowNumber]; UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"Add image to" message:msg delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"No" otherButtonTitles:@"Yes", nil]; [alert show]; [alert release]; } - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { // Releases the view if it doesn't have a superview. [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; // Release any cached data, images, etc that aren't in use. } - (void)viewDidUnload { [super viewDidUnload]; } - (void)dealloc { [lblMessage release]; [managedObjectContext release]; [super dealloc]; } @end

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• Neural Network Always Produces Same/Similar Outputs for Any Input

  - by l33tnerd

  I have a problem where I am trying to create a neural network for Tic-Tac-Toe. However, for some reason, training the neural network causes it to produce nearly the same output for any given input. I did take a look at Artificial neural networks benchmark, but my network implementation is built for neurons with the same activation function for each neuron, i.e. no constant neurons. To make sure the problem wasn't just due to my choice of training set (1218 board states and moves generated by a genetic algorithm), I tried to train the network to reproduce XOR. The logistic activation function was used. Instead of using the derivative, I multiplied the error by output*(1-output) as some sources suggested that this was equivalent to using the derivative. I can put the Haskell source on HPaste, but it's a little embarrassing to look at. The network has 3 layers: the first layer has 2 inputs and 4 outputs, the second has 4 inputs and 1 output, and the third has 1 output. Increasing to 4 neurons in the second layer didn't help, and neither did increasing to 8 outputs in the first layer. I then calculated errors, network output, bias updates, and the weight updates by hand based on http://hebb.mit.edu/courses/9.641/2002/lectures/lecture04.pdf to make sure there wasn't an error in those parts of the code (there wasn't, but I will probably do it again just to make sure). Because I am using batch training, I did not multiply by x in equation (4) there. I am adding the weight change, though http://www.faqs.org/faqs/ai-faq/neural-nets/part2/section-2.html suggests to subtract it instead. The problem persisted, even in this simplified network. For example, these are the results after 500 epochs of batch training and of incremental training. Input |Target|Output (Batch) |Output(Incremental) [1.0,1.0]|[0.0] |[0.5003781562785173]|[0.5009731800870864] [1.0,0.0]|[1.0] |[0.5003740346965251]|[0.5006347214672715] [0.0,1.0]|[1.0] |[0.5003734471544522]|[0.500589332376345] [0.0,0.0]|[0.0] |[0.5003674110937019]|[0.500095157458231] Subtracting instead of adding produces the same problem, except everything is 0.99 something instead of 0.50 something. 5000 epochs produces the same result, except the batch-trained network returns exactly 0.5 for each case. (Heck, even 10,000 epochs didn't work for batch training.) Is there anything in general that could produce this behavior? Also, I looked at the intermediate errors for incremental training, and the although the inputs of the hidden/input layers varied, the error for the output neuron was always +/-0.12. For batch training, the errors were increasing, but extremely slowly and the errors were all extremely small (x10^-7). Different initial random weights and biases made no difference, either. Note that this is a school project, so hints/guides would be more helpful. Although reinventing the wheel and making my own network (in a language I don't know well!) was a horrible idea, I felt it would be more appropriate for a school project (so I know what's going on...in theory, at least. There doesn't seem to be a computer science teacher at my school). EDIT: Two layers, an input layer of 2 inputs to 8 outputs, and an output layer of 8 inputs to 1 output, produces much the same results: 0.5+/-0.2 (or so) for each training case. I'm also playing around with pyBrain, seeing if any network structure there will work. Edit 2: I am using a learning rate of 0.1. Sorry for forgetting about that. Edit 3: Pybrain's "trainUntilConvergence" doesn't get me a fully trained network, either, but 20000 epochs does, with 16 neurons in the hidden layer. 10000 epochs and 4 neurons, not so much, but close. So, in Haskell, with the input layer having 2 inputs & 2 outputs, hidden layer with 2 inputs and 8 outputs, and output layer with 8 inputs and 1 output...I get the same problem with 10000 epochs. And with 20000 epochs. Edit 4: I ran the network by hand again based on the MIT PDF above, and the values match, so the code should be correct unless I am misunderstanding those equations. Some of my source code is at http://hpaste.org/42453/neural_network__not_working; I'm working on cleaning my code somewhat and putting it in a Github (rather than a private Bitbucket) repository. All of the relevant source code is now at https://github.com/l33tnerd/hsann.

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• Problem implementing Blinn–Phong shading model

  - by Joe Hopfgartner

  I did this very simple, perfectly working, implementation of Phong Relflection Model (There is no ambience implemented yet, but that doesn't bother me for now). The functions should be self explaining. /** * Implements the classic Phong illumination Model using a reflected light * vector. */ public class PhongIllumination implements IlluminationModel { @RGBParam(r = 0, g = 0, b = 0) public Vec3 ambient; @RGBParam(r = 1, g = 1, b = 1) public Vec3 diffuse; @RGBParam(r = 1, g = 1, b = 1) public Vec3 specular; @FloatParam(value = 20, min = 1, max = 200.0f) public float shininess; /* * Calculate the intensity of light reflected to the viewer . * * @param P = The surface position expressed in world coordinates. * * @param V = Normalized viewing vector from surface to eye in world * coordinates. * * @param N = Normalized normal vector at surface point in world * coordinates. * * @param surfaceColor = surfaceColor Color of the surface at the current * position. * * @param lights = The active light sources in the scene. * * @return Reflected light intensity I. */ public Vec3 shade(Vec3 P, Vec3 V, Vec3 N, Vec3 surfaceColor, Light lights[]) { Vec3 surfaceColordiffused = Vec3.mul(surfaceColor, diffuse); Vec3 totalintensity = new Vec3(0, 0, 0); for (int i = 0; i < lights.length; i++) { Vec3 L = lights[i].calcDirection(P); N = N.normalize(); V = V.normalize(); Vec3 R = Vec3.reflect(L, N); // reflection vector float diffuseLight = Vec3.dot(N, L); float specularLight = Vec3.dot(V, R); if (diffuseLight > 0) { totalintensity = Vec3.add(Vec3.mul(Vec3.mul( surfaceColordiffused, lights[i].calcIntensity(P)), diffuseLight), totalintensity); if (specularLight > 0) { Vec3 Il = lights[i].calcIntensity(P); Vec3 Ilincident = Vec3.mul(Il, Math.max(0.0f, Vec3 .dot(N, L))); Vec3 intensity = Vec3.mul(Vec3.mul(specular, Ilincident), (float) Math.pow(specularLight, shininess)); totalintensity = Vec3.add(totalintensity, intensity); } } } return totalintensity; } } Now i need to adapt it to become a Blinn-Phong illumination model I used the formulas from hearn and baker, followed pseudocodes and tried to implement it multiple times according to wikipedia articles in several languages but it never worked. I just get no specular reflections or they are so weak and/or are at the wrong place and/or have the wrong color. From the numerous wrong implementations I post some little code that already seems to be wrong. So I calculate my Half Way vector and my new specular light like so: Vec3 H = Vec3.mul(Vec3.add(L.normalize(), V), Vec3.add(L.normalize(), V).length()); float specularLight = Vec3.dot(H, N); With theese little changes it should already work (maby not with correct intensity but basically it should be correct). But the result is wrong. Here are two images. Left how it should render correctly and right how it renders. If i lower the shininess factor you can see a little specular light at the top right: Altough I understand the concept of Phong illumination and also the simplified more performant adaptaion of blinn phong I am trying around for days and just cant get it to work. Any help is appriciated. Edit: I was made aware of an error by this answer, that i am mutiplying by |L+V| instead of dividing by it when calculating H. I changed to deviding doing so: Vec3 H = Vec3.mul(Vec3.add(L.normalize(), V), 1/Vec3.add(L.normalize(), V).length()); Unfortunately this doesnt change much. The results look like this: and if I rise the specular constant and lower the shininess You can see the effects more clearly in a smilar wrong way: However this division just the normalisation. I think I am missing one step. Because the formulas like this just dont make sense to me. If you look at this picture: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Blinn-Phong_vectors.svg The projection of H to N is far less than V to R. And if you imagine changing the vector V in the picture the angle is the same when the viewing vector is "on the left side". and becomes more and more different when going to the right. I pesonally would multiply the whole projection by two to become something similiar (and the hole point is to avoid the calculation of R). Altough I didnt read anythinga bout that anywehre i am gonna try this out... Result: The intension of the specular light is far too much (white areas) and the position is still wrong. I think I am messing something else up because teh reflection are just at the wrong place. But what? Edit: Now I read on wikipedia in the notes that the angle of N/H is in fact approximalty half or V/R. To compensate that i should multiply my shineness exponent by 4 rather than my projection. If i do that I end up with this: Far to intense but still one thing. The projection is at the wrong place. Where could i mess up my vectors?

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• Choosing a scripting language for game and implementing it

  - by Radius

  Hello, I am currently developing a 3D Action/RPG game in C++, and I would like some advice in choosing a scripting language to program the AI of the game. My team comes from a modding background, and in fact we are still finishing work on a mod of the game Gothic. In that game (which we also got our inspiration from) the language DAEDALUS (created by Piranha Bytes, the makers of the game) is used. Here is a full description of said language. The main thing to notice about this is that it uses instances moreso than classes. The game engine is closed, and so one can only guess about the internal implementation of this language, but the main thing I am looking for in a scripting language (which ideally would be quite similar but preferably also more powerful than DAEDALUS) is the fact that there are de facto 3 'separations' of classes - ie classes, instances and (instances of instances?). I think it will be easier to understand what I want if I provide an example. Take a regular NPC. First of all you have a class defined which (I understand) mirrors the (class or structure) inside the engine: CLASS C_NPC { VAR INT id ; // absolute ID des NPCs VAR STRING name [5] ; // Namen des NPC VAR STRING slot ; VAR INT npcType ; VAR INT flags ; VAR INT attribute [ATR_INDEX_MAX] ; VAR INT protection [PROT_INDEX_MAX]; VAR INT damage [DAM_INDEX_MAX] ; VAR INT damagetype ; VAR INT guild,level ; VAR FUNC mission [MAX_MISSIONS] ; var INT fight_tactic ; VAR INT weapon ; VAR INT voice ; VAR INT voicePitch ; VAR INT bodymass ; VAR FUNC daily_routine ; // Tagesablauf VAR FUNC start_aistate ; // Zustandsgesteuert // ********************** // Spawn // ********************** VAR STRING spawnPoint ; // Beim Tod, wo respawnen ? VAR INT spawnDelay ; // Mit Delay in (Echtzeit)-Sekunden // ********************** // SENSES // ********************** VAR INT senses ; // Sinne VAR INT senses_range ; // Reichweite der Sinne in cm // ********************** // Feel free to use // ********************** VAR INT aivar [50] ; VAR STRING wp ; // ********************** // Experience dependant // ********************** VAR INT exp ; // EXerience Points VAR INT exp_next ; // EXerience Points needed to advance to next level VAR INT lp ; // Learn Points }; Then, you can also define prototypes (which set some default values). But how you actually define an NPC is like this: instance BAU_900_Ricelord (Npc_Default) //Inherit from prototype Npc_Default { //-------- primary data -------- name = "Ryzowy Ksiaze"; npctype = NPCTYPE_GUARD; guild = GIL_BAU; level = 10; voice = 12; id = 900; //-------- abilities -------- attribute[ATR_STRENGTH] = 50; attribute[ATR_DEXTERITY] = 10; attribute[ATR_MANA_MAX] = 0; attribute[ATR_MANA] = 0; attribute[ATR_HITPOINTS_MAX]= 170; attribute[ATR_HITPOINTS] = 170; //-------- visuals -------- // animations Mdl_SetVisual (self,"HUMANS.MDS"); Mdl_ApplyOverlayMds (self,"Humans_Arrogance.mds"); Mdl_ApplyOverlayMds (self,"HUMANS_DZIDA.MDS"); // body mesh ,bdytex,skin,head mesh ,headtex,teethtex,ruestung Mdl_SetVisualBody (self,"Hum_Body_CookSmith",1,1,"Hum_Head_FatBald",91 , 0,-1); B_Scale (self); Mdl_SetModelFatness(self,2); fight_tactic = FAI_HUMAN_STRONG; //-------- Talente -------- Npc_SetTalentSkill (self,NPC_TALENT_1H,1); //-------- inventory -------- CreateInvItems (self, ItFoRice,10); CreateInvItem (self, ItFoWine); CreateInvItems(self, ItMiNugget,40); EquipItem (self, Heerscherstab); EquipItem (self, MOD_AMULETTDESREISLORDS); CreateInvItem (self, ItMi_Alchemy_Moleratlubric_01); //CreateInvItem (self,ItKey_RB_01); EquipItem (self, Ring_des_Lebens); //-------------Daily Routine------------- daily_routine = Rtn_start_900; }; FUNC VOID Rtn_start_900 () { TA_Boss (07,00,20,00,"NC_RICELORD"); TA_SitAround (20,00,24,00,"NC_RICELORD_SIT"); TA_Sleep (24,00,07,00,"NC_RICEBUNKER_10"); }; As you can see, the instance declaration is more like a constructor function, setting values and calling functions from within. This still wouldn't pose THAT much of a problem, if not for one more thing: multiple copies of this instance. For example, you can spawn multiple BAU_900_Ricelord's, and each of them keeps track of its own AI state, hitpoints etc. Now I think the instances are represented as ints (maybe even as the id of the NPC) inside the engine, as whenever (inside the script) you use the expression BAU_900_Ricelord it can be only assigned to an int variable, and most functions that operate on NPCs take that int value. However to directly modify its hitpoints etc you have to do something like var C_NPC npc = GetNPC(Bau_900_Ricelord); npc.attribute[ATR_HITPOINTS] = 10; ie get the actual C_NPC object that represents it. To finally recap - is it possible to get this kind of behaviour in any scripting languages you know of, or am I stuck with having to make my own? Or maybe there is an even better way of representing NPC's and their behaviours that way. The IDEAL language for scripting for me would be C#, as I simply adore that language, but somehow I doubt it is possible or indeed feasible to try and implement a similar kind of behaviour in C#. Many thanks

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• Delphi - Using DeviceIoControl passing IOCTL_DISK_GET_LENGTH_INFO to get flash media physical size (Not Partition)

  - by SuicideClutchX2

  Alright this is the result of a couple of other questions. It appears I was doing something wrong with the suggestions and at this point have come up with an error when using the suggested API to get the media size. Those new to my problem I am working at the physical disk level, not within the confines of a partition or file system. Here is the pastebin code for the main unit (Delphi 2009) - http://clutchx2.pastebin.com/iMnq8kSx Here is the application source and executable with a form built to output the status of whats going on - http://www.mediafire.com/?js8e6ci8zrjq0de Its probably easier to use the download, unless your just looking for problems within the code. I will also paste the code here. unit Main; interface uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs, StdCtrls; type TfrmMain = class(TForm) edtDrive: TEdit; lblDrive: TLabel; btnMethod1: TButton; btnMethod2: TButton; lblSpace: TLabel; edtSpace: TEdit; lblFail: TLabel; edtFail: TEdit; lblError: TLabel; edtError: TEdit; procedure btnMethod1Click(Sender: TObject); private { Private declarations } public { Public declarations } end; TDiskExtent = record DiskNumber: Cardinal; StartingOffset: Int64; ExtentLength: Int64; end; DISK_EXTENT = TDiskExtent; PDiskExtent = ^TDiskExtent; TVolumeDiskExtents = record NumberOfDiskExtents: Cardinal; Extents: array[0..0] of TDiskExtent; end; VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS = TVolumeDiskExtents; PVolumeDiskExtents = ^TVolumeDiskExtents; var frmMain: TfrmMain; const FILE_DEVICE_DISK = $00000007; METHOD_BUFFERED = 0; FILE_ANY_ACCESS = 0; IOCTL_DISK_BASE = FILE_DEVICE_DISK; IOCTL_VOLUME_BASE = DWORD('V'); IOCTL_DISK_GET_LENGTH_INFO = $80070017; IOCTL_VOLUME_GET_VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS = ((IOCTL_VOLUME_BASE shl 16) or (FILE_ANY_ACCESS shl 14) or (0 shl 2) or METHOD_BUFFERED); implementation {$R *.dfm} function GetLD(Drive: Char): Cardinal; var Buffer : String; begin Buffer := Format('\\.\%s:',[Drive]); Result := CreateFile(PChar(Buffer),GENERIC_READ Or GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_READ,nil,OPEN_EXISTING,0,0); If Result = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE Then begin Result := CreateFile(PChar(Buffer),GENERIC_READ,FILE_SHARE_READ,nil,OPEN_EXISTING,0,0); end; end; function GetPD(Drive: Byte): Cardinal; var Buffer : String; begin If Drive = 0 Then begin Result := INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE; Exit; end; Buffer := Format('\\.\PHYSICALDRIVE%d',[Drive]); Result := CreateFile(PChar(Buffer),GENERIC_READ Or GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_READ,nil,OPEN_EXISTING,0,0); If Result = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE Then begin Result := CreateFile(PChar(Buffer),GENERIC_READ,FILE_SHARE_READ,nil,OPEN_EXISTING,0,0); end; end; function GetPhysicalDiskNumber(Drive: Char): Byte; var LD : DWORD; DiskExtents : PVolumeDiskExtents; DiskExtent : TDiskExtent; BytesReturned : Cardinal; begin Result := 0; LD := GetLD(Drive); If LD = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE Then Exit; Try DiskExtents := AllocMem(Max_Path); DeviceIOControl(LD,IOCTL_VOLUME_GET_VOLUME_DISK_EXTENTS,nil,0,DiskExtents,Max_Path,BytesReturned,nil); If DiskExtents^.NumberOfDiskExtents > 0 Then begin DiskExtent := DiskExtents^.Extents[0]; Result := DiskExtent.DiskNumber; end; Finally CloseHandle(LD); end; end; procedure TfrmMain.btnMethod1Click(Sender: TObject); var PD : DWORD; CardSize: Int64; BytesReturned: DWORD; CallSuccess: Boolean; begin PD := GetPD(GetPhysicalDiskNumber(edtDrive.Text[1])); If PD = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE Then Begin ShowMessage('Invalid Physical Disk Handle'); Exit; End; CallSuccess := DeviceIoControl(PD, IOCTL_DISK_GET_LENGTH_INFO, nil, 0, @CardSize, SizeOf(CardSize), BytesReturned, nil); if not CallSuccess then begin edtError.Text := IntToStr(GetLastError()); edtFail.Text := 'True'; end else edtFail.Text := 'False'; CloseHandle(PD); end; end. I placed a second method button on the form so I can write a different set of code into the app if I feel like it. Only minimal error handling and safeguards are there is nothing that wasn't necessary for debugging this via source. I tried this on a Sony Memory Stick using a PSP as the reader because I cant find the adapter for using a duo in my machine. The target is an MS and half of my users use a PSP for a reader half dont. However this should work fine on SD cards and that is a secondary target for my work as well. I tried this on a usb memory card reader and several SD cards. Now that I have fixed my attempt I get an error returned. 50 ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED The request is not supported. I have found an application that uses this API as well as alot of related functions for what I am trying todo. I am getting ready to look into it the application is called DriveImage and its source is here - http://sourceforge.net/projects/diskimage/ The only thing I have really noticed from that application is there use of TFileStream and using that to get a handle on the physical disk.

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