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• How to migrate a running KVM (with full disk copy) to another node?

  - by klipz

  I'm doing tests on KVM, and I'd like to see if I can make a hot migration, I mean the virtual machine won't stop running during the migration (but a few seconds of freeze is ok). I use a small cluster for my test : kvm1, kvm2, and kvmnfs. kvm1 and kvm2 runs the virtual machines kvmnfs is a NFS server, and it's mounted on /KVM on both kvm1 and kvm2 To migrate a VM (only RAM in fact) from kvm1 to kvm2, I run the same kvm command on kvm2 (with -incoming tcp:0:4444) that on kvm1, then I use "migrate -d tcp:kvm2:4444" : It works great, since the VM file is common to both machines. Now, I wan't to make a full migration (RAM + disk) of a local VM file (no more NFS) of kvm1 to kvm2. I tried to create an empty file, with touch, on kvm2 and use the same kvm command line + the "-incoming ..."). Then on kvm1 I use "migrate -d tcp:kvm2:4444" : It copies everything, then... the VM fails (any I/O disk gives an I/O error) ! And my VM file on kvm2, the one I created with touch, as still a size of 0 bytes. What am I doing wrong ? What is the exact command to use on kvm2 ? And what is the command to launch, in the monitoring mode, on kvm1 ?

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• How can I sort out Xephyr's keyboard mapping?

  - by qedi

  When I start up Xephyr inside of X, my keyboard map becomes wonky mostly just for non-printing characters. I can't use arrow keys. According to xev, The down arrow gets mapped to Super_R. The up arrow is Print Screen. PgDown is mapped to "Menu". My keyboard works fine in the original X display (:0), but in the Xephyr subdisplay (:1), nothing else quite works right. I don't have any funky xmodmap things going on in my main X display that I'm aware of. All I really do is setxkbmap -option ctrl:swapcaps.

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• How to execute with /bin/false shell

  - by Amar

  I am trying to setup per-user fastcgi scripts that will run each on a different port and with a different user. Here is example of my script: #!/bin/bash BIND=127.0.0.1:9001 USER=user PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN=2 PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS=10000 etc... However, if I add user with /bin/false (which I want, since this is about to be something like shared hosting and I don't want users to have shell access), the script is run under 1001, 1002 'user' which, as my Google searches showed, might be a security hole. My question is: Is it possible to allow user(s) to execute shell scripts but disable them so they cannot log in via SSH?

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• How to tell if PAE is hurting me?

  - by James

  I have a couple of servers with 20-30 GB RAM that are running (a variant of) RHEL4. They are currently running the SMP i386 kernel, not x64, not even the hugemem kernel. This means LowMem is confined to < 1G, and thus dentry_cache and ext3_inode_cache to 100M or so each. How can I tell if this is a problem? Here's a typical vmstat report while it's compiling some Java: $ vmstat 10 procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- ----cpu---- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa 1 1 0 19493816 394740 922420 0 0 1058 2292 1491 1020 6 3 80 12 2 1 0 19519480 395244 850156 0 0 1179 1412 1329 1195 9 4 75 12 1 1 0 19557368 392616 828344 0 0 1783 1680 1498 1756 14 5 72 9 I don't like the way bi is nonzero when there is so much memory free. I imagine slabtop could point more directly to the problem but I don't really understand how to interpret its output.

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• Windows 7 doesn't boot when second hard disk is connected

  - by kenshin9786

  I'm sorry for my bad english on beforehand. I have two hard disks, one SATA and another IDE. I have windows XP and 7 on the SATA one, and Ubuntu on the IDE. Both of them boots and works, bios recognizes them, just works. After I installed Windows 7, and connected the IDE drive, it freezes on "Starting Windows" (the black screen with the Windows logo). I unplug the IDE drive, and it starts normally. Windows XP starts normally on both situations (with or without the IDE one connected), same for Ubuntu (it works with both disks connected or just the IDE where it is). The IDE drive is on good status according to SMART. The IDE is first on boot order. It goes to the Ubuntu's grub first, then by default it goes to the Windows 7 bootloader, and then to XP. I think the problem is not about the bootloader or grub. I just read that it can be solved formatting the "problematic" hard disk because Windows 7 cannot handle so many active partitions or something like that. But that's not an option for me, I don't want to lose my Ubuntu nor have it unbootable. How can I solve this without this consecuences I mentioned? Any help would be appreciated.

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• What does the -P option do to mount?

  - by Simon

  I'm migrating from an archaic version of Red Hat to Ubuntu 9. When going through my old nfs mount script, I found that it contained the -P option. So my script looks like: sudo mount -t nfs -o -P ... It looks like the -P is one of the -o options. My question is: what does the -P option do? I've searched every man page I can find, with no luck. Could it have to do with privileged ports?

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• Read only bind-mount?

  - by depesz

  I use mount -o bind to mount directories inside chroots, which works really well. The problem is that I'd like some of these bind-mounted directories to be read only in chroot. Is it possible? If not - any other way to achieve it? I was thinking about using NFS for localhost mounts, but it looks like overkill.

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• See all output from commands performed inside screen

  - by user1032531

  I am using screen (http://www.gnu.org/software/screen/manual/screen.html) to access my minecraft console. I created a server in /etc/init.d, and have minecraft running in the background. Then, to access the minecraft console, I just type # screen -r in bash. I can now do commands in the screen shell. The problem is if I do some command which exports a bunch of text, it exceeds the size of the screen and pushes the begging output off the page. And I cannot seem to scroll up and see it. How can I scroll back and view all the output? How can I pause the output (maybe something like more or less)?

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• Moving symlinks into a folder based on id3 tags.

  - by Reti

  I'm trying to get my music folder into something sensible. Right now, I have all my music stored in /home/foo so I have all of the albums soft linked to ~/music. I want the structure to be ~/music/<artist>/<album> I've got all of the symlinks into ~/music right now so I just need to get the symlinks into the proper structure. I'm trying to do this by delving into the symlinked album, getting the artist name with id3info. I can do this, but I can't seem to get it to work correctly. for i in $( find -L $i -name "*.mp3" -printf "%h\n") do echo "$i" #testing purposes #find its artist #the stuff after read file just cuts up id3info to get just the artist name #$artist = find -L $i -name "*.mp3" | read file; id3info $file | grep TPE | sed "s|.*: \(.*\)|\1|"|head -n1 #move it to correct artist folder #mv "$i" "$artist" done Now, it does find the correct folder, but every time there is a space in the dir name it makes it a newline. Here's a sample of what I'm trying to do $ ls DJ Exortius/ The Trance Mix 3 Wanderlust - DJ Exortius [TRANCE DEEP VOCAL TECH]@ I'm trying to mv The Trance Mix 3 Wanderlust - DJ Exortius [TRANCE DEEP VOCAL TECH]@ into the real directory DJ Exortius. DJ Exortius already exists, so it's just a matter of moving it into the correct directory that's based on the id3 tag of the mp3 inside. Thanks! PS: I've tried easytag, but when I restructure the album, it moves it from /home/foo which is not what I want.

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• Cannot SVN checkout when anon-access = none

  - by sKIPper76

  When I have anon-access = write Everything works fine. When I change svnserve.conf to: anon-access = none auth-access = write And uncomment password-db and authz-db AND add user in authz with rw AND put username/password in passwd, nothing works. Eclipse keeps giving me a "Cannot map the project with svn provider" error. I have given all the files under conf 777. Any ideas what's wrong?

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• Is it possible to mount a hot-swappable drive when it is turned on?

  - by John

  In my PC, I have a hot-swap drive. Usually I keep it off to save power. I only really use it when accessing from another PC on the network. Is it possible to configure /etc/fstab to mount this drive when I turn it on (without having to shake the mouse, open file manager and click the drive to have it mounted? Currently, I have: UUID=a869e5ca-7d3b-4d64-91e2-eadbecd8c9e5 /media/i-TVShows ext4 rw,nosuid,nodev,auto,user,uhelper=udisks 0 0 in my /etc/fstab file but it doesn't seem to do the trick. I want the drive to be user-mountable, on power on, with RW access, and I'm thinking of adding 'nofail'...this is my first time writing to the fstab file, and a lot of the parameters I took from the output of 'mount' so feel free to correct any oddness you find. Thanks

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• Error with Apache2 on Debian Lenny: "Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domai

  - by user40245

  I installed apache2 in Debian Lenny but when I give the command sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 reload it gives me a statement saying "Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName". How can I change the server name? And how can I make it accessible from another system?

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• Log Analyzer for Apache

  - by madphp

  Hi, Two related questions. Is there any good apache log analyzer other than awstats and webalizer? and is there any error log analyzers? --Mark

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• I had a power outage. Now MySQL's lock file won't go away. What do you suggest?

  - by jasonspiro

  I do freelance IT consulting for various clients, both in Toronto, Canada, and worldwide. A client recently experienced a power failure. Now they've been having various problems with a Slackware 12.0.0 machine which also acts as a DNS server. One problem is that they can't log into phpMyAdmin. I tried stopping and restarting MySQL. But even when MySQL is stopped, the lock file stays around. jasonspiro@cybertron:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS! jasonspiro@cybertron:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop ERROR! MySQL manager or server PID file could not be found! jasonspiro@cybertron:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysql status ERROR! MySQL is not running, but lock exists jasonspiro@cybertron:~$ ls -l /var/lock/subsys/mysql -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 2012-07-05 16:18 /var/lock/subsys/mysql Why is MySQL's lock file hanging around despite the fact that MySQL isn't running? Can I simply stop MySQL, delete the lock file, and start MySQL again? Are there any other steps that I should take next, or nothing?

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• Forensic Analysis of the OOM-Killer

  - by Oddthinking

  Ubuntu's Out-Of-Memory Killer wreaked havoc on my server, quietly assassinating my applications, sendmail, apache and others. I've managed to learn what the OOM Killer is, and about its "badness" rules. While my machine is small, my applications are even smaller, and typically only half of my physical memory is in use, let alone swap-space, so I was surprised. I am trying to work out the culprit, but I don't know how to read the OOM-Killer logs. Can anyone please point me to a tutorial on how to read the data in the logs (what are ve, free and gen?), or help me parse these logs? Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): selecting to kill, queued 0, seq 1, exc 2326 0 goal 2326 0... Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): task ebb0c6f0, thg d33a1b00, sig 1 Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): selected 1, signalled 1, queued 1, seq 1, exc 2326 0 red 61795 745 Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): selecting to kill, queued 0, seq 2, exc 122 0 goal 383 0... Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): task ebb0c6f0, thg d33a1b00, sig 1 Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): selected 1, signalled 1, queued 1, seq 2, exc 383 0 red 61795 745 Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): task ebb0c6f0, thg d33a1b00, sig 2 Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process watchdog (pid=14490, ve=13516) exited, free=43104 gen=24501. Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process tail (pid=4457, ve=13516) exited, free=43104 gen=24502. Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process ntpd (pid=10816, ve=13516) exited, free=43104 gen=24503. Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process tail (pid=27401, ve=13516) exited, free=43104 gen=24504. Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process tail (pid=29009, ve=13516) exited, free=43104 gen=24505. Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process apache2 (pid=10557, ve=13516) exited, free=49552 gen=24506. Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process apache2 (pid=24983, ve=13516) exited, free=53117 gen=24507. Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process apache2 (pid=29129, ve=13516) exited, free=68493 gen=24508. Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process sendmail-mta (pid=941, ve=13516) exited, free=68803 gen=24509. Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process tail (pid=12418, ve=13516) exited, free=69330 gen=24510. Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process python (pid=22953, ve=13516) exited, free=72275 gen=24511. Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process apache2 (pid=6624, ve=13516) exited, free=76398 gen=24512. Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process python (pid=23317, ve=13516) exited, free=94285 gen=24513. Apr 20 20:03:27 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process tail (pid=29030, ve=13516) exited, free=95339 gen=24514. Apr 20 20:03:28 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process apache2 (pid=20583, ve=13516) exited, free=101663 gen=24515. Apr 20 20:03:28 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process logger (pid=12894, ve=13516) exited, free=101694 gen=24516. Apr 20 20:03:28 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process bash (pid=21119, ve=13516) exited, free=101849 gen=24517. Apr 20 20:03:28 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process atd (pid=991, ve=13516) exited, free=101880 gen=24518. Apr 20 20:03:28 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process apache2 (pid=14649, ve=13516) exited, free=102748 gen=24519. Apr 20 20:03:28 EL135 kernel: OOM killed process grep (pid=21375, ve=13516) exited, free=132167 gen=24520. Apr 20 20:03:57 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): selecting to kill, queued 0, seq 4, exc 4215 0 goal 4826 0... Apr 20 20:03:57 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): task ede29370, thg df98b880, sig 1 Apr 20 20:03:57 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): selected 1, signalled 1, queued 1, seq 4, exc 4826 0 red 189481 331 Apr 20 20:03:57 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): task ede29370, thg df98b880, sig 2 Apr 20 20:04:53 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): selecting to kill, queued 0, seq 5, exc 3564 0 goal 3564 0... Apr 20 20:04:53 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): task c6c90110, thg cdb1a100, sig 1 Apr 20 20:04:53 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): selected 1, signalled 1, queued 1, seq 5, exc 3564 0 red 189481 331 Apr 20 20:04:53 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): task c6c90110, thg cdb1a100, sig 2 Apr 20 20:07:14 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): selecting to kill, queued 0, seq 6, exc 8071 0 goal 8071 0... Apr 20 20:07:14 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): task d7294050, thg c03f42c0, sig 1 Apr 20 20:07:14 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): selected 1, signalled 1, queued 1, seq 6, exc 8071 0 red 189481 331 Apr 20 20:07:14 EL135 kernel: kill_signal(13516.0): task d7294050, thg c03f42c0, sig 2 Watchdog is a watchdog task, that was idle; nothing in the logs to suggest it had done anything for days. Its job is to restart one of the applications if it dies, so a bit ironic that it is the first to get killed. Tail was monitoring a few logs files. Unlikely to be consuming memory madly. The apache web-server only serves pages to a little old lady who only uses it to get to church on Sundays a couple of developers who were in bed asleep, and hadn't visited a page on the site for a few weeks. The only traffic it might have had is from the port-scanners; all the content is password-protected and not linked from anywhere, so no spiders are interested. Python is running two separate custom applications. Nothing in the logs to suggest they weren't humming along as normal. One of them was a relatively recent implementation, which makes suspect #1. It doesn't have any data-structures of any significance, and normally uses only about 8% of the total physical RAW. It hasn't misbehaved since. The grep is suspect #2, and the one I want to be guilty, because it was a once-off command. The command (which piped the output of a grep -r to another grep) had been started at least 30 minutes earlier, and the fact it was still running is suspicious. However, I wouldn't have thought grep would ever use a significant amount of memory. It took a while for the OOM killer to get to it, which suggests it wasn't going mad, but the OOM killer stopped once it was killed, suggesting it may have been a memory-hog that finally satisfied the OOM killer's blood-lust.

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• Changing VolumeID inside wine

  - by Oleksandr Bolotov

  How can I change disk volume id in wine? There is vol command in windows which shows volume id and VolumeID (from Sysinternals) which can change VolumeID in windows but not in wine.

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• How do I enable SELinux when booting a ramdisk from a CD/DVD?

  - by JeffG

  I have a bootable DVD which boots the same Kernel as the Hard Drive (which uses SELinux). I have copied /etc/selinux and all kernel modules to my ramdisk, and have tried various combinations of selinux=1 and selinux 1 with enforcing 1 and enforcing 0. as Kernel boot parameters. All files contained in the checkpolicy, libselinux, policycoreutils, selinux-policy and selinux-policy-targeted rpms have also been copied into the ramdisk tree. After the system boots from the ramdisk, I check dmesg: % dmesg | grep -i selinux Kernel command line: initrd=idrd.img ramdisk_size=110476 selinux=1 SELinux: Initializing. SELinux: Starting in permissive mode selinux_register_security: Registering secondary module capability SElinux: Registering netfilter hooks But SELinux isn't running: % /usr/sbin/getenforce Disabled % /usr/sbin/setenforce 1 /usr/sbin/setenforce: SELinux is disabled Neither /var/log/messages nor /proc/kmsg hold clues.

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• awstats parse of postfix mail log drops all records

  - by accidental admin

  I'm trying to get awstats to parse the postfix mail log, but it drops allmost all entries with messages like: Corrupted record (date 20091204042837 lower than 20091211065829-20000): 2009-12-04 04:28:37 root root localhost 127.0.0.1 SMTP - 1 17480 Few more are dropped with an invalid LogFormat: Corrupted record line 24 (record format does not match LogFormat parameter): 2009-11-16 04: 28:22 root root localhost 127.0.0.1 SMTP - 14755 My conf LogFormat="%time2 %email %email_r %host %host_r %method %url %code %bytesd" I believe matches the log format (and besides is the log format I've seen everywhere for awstats mail parsing). Besides, is the same entry format as all the other entries in the mail log. Whatever is left is dropped too: Dropped record (host localhost and 127.0.0.1 not qualified by SkipHosts): 2009-12-07 04:28:36 root root localhost 127.0.0.1 SMTP - 1 17152 I added SkipHosts="" to the .conf file but to no avail. I feel like awstats really has some personal quarrel with me today.

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• pxelinux hanging when booting client machine

  - by Blasphemophagher

  I'm kind of new to all of this, so please forgive any vagueness/misunderstandings on my part. I'm using pxelinux and VMs to create CentOS 6.0 machines that have the same install every time. I have a new VM set to boot from network, but in the process of booting up it gets stuck at "Loading 10.1.1.20:/pxelinux.0" (10.1.1.20 is the address of the server it's getting info from). pxelinux conf: http://pastebin.com/4XfZZPY1 I'm pretty sure all my config files are correct, could it be VirtualBox related? I have both the building server and the new client set to Host-only adapter and PCNET-FAST.

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• Why is (free_space + used_space) != total_size in df? [migrated]

  - by Timothy Jones

  I have a ~2TB ext4 USB external disk which is about half full: $ df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sdc 1922860848 927384456 897800668 51% /media/big I'm wondering why the total size (1922860848) isn't the same as Used+Available (1825185124)? From this answer I see that 5% of the disk might be reserved for root, but that would still only take the total used to 1921328166, which is still off. Is it related to some other filesystem overhead? In case it's relevant, lsof -n | grep deleted shows no deleted files on this disk, and there are no other filesystems mounted inside this one.

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• How to remove USB dependency form the boot process?

  - by vijay.shad

  Hi friend, I have just installed the centos 5.3 on my server machine. It looks for a USB media to boot. But I am not able to figure it out what i have done wrong. Why does it asks for USB media? If I have created a dependency of USB to boot, Is there any way i can remove this dependency. Or I have to reinstall the OS again? Regards, Vijay Shanker Dubey

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• All my files uploaded have unusable permissions

  - by cosmicbdog

  I've just moved to a new server and have come across some strange permissions issues. Every file I upload has permissions of 600, owned by the user account and is also in the same group. With this permission, the server is unable to make changes to these files. The folder I'm uploading to (via regular ftp) has permissions of 755. Why are any new files I upload here given this permission of 600? And how do I change it so that files added are given permissions so they can be modified by the webserver?

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• Mounted HDD not having enough permissions from Apache/PHP

  - by Dan

  Piwigo gallery, on apache and php. The root system is a RAID 128GB. /var/www/html is on the root file system. Mounted the 320GB hdd to /var/www/html/320 using defaults, it's an ext4 fs. Put a symlink to it in /var/www/html/galleries which is read by the gallery script so I can upload images to there, then click sync. It gives me the error: [./galleries/] PWG-ERROR-NO-FS (File/directory read error) PWG-ERROR-NO-FS: The file or directory cannot be accessed (either it does not exist or the access is denied) chmod 777 set on /dev/sdb1, /var/www/html, and /var/www/html/320 as well as the symlink galleries too. All recursive. chown apache:apache to everything too. PHP just can't read/write to it. I tried with and without the symlink, I've tried everything I can think of. Nothing. Any ideas how I can give apache/php permission to read/write to this drive? With 777 permissions all around it should already be able to.

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• Fixing Poor Email

  - by Tiffany Walker

  I'm having an issue with SenderBase. My IPs are not blocked in any BLs but people who use SenderBase/Ciscos stuff do not get my emails. Is this because my email system is setup poorly? They list the following: Your email server or a computer in your network may be infected with malware and may be used to send spam. You may have an insecure network which is allowing other parties to use your network to send spam. Your email server may be misconfigured and might relay spam. You may be utilizing a dynamic IP that is not allowed to relay email directly to the Internet. I have just my site running CPanel. As far as I know there is no spam or abuse. What should I check to ensure that the mail systems (Exim) are up to standards? I have the server pretty well configured so I just can't see the system being abused without me knowing it. What standards should I be ensuring my e-mail server aligns up to?

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• Tunning scrolling in urxvt

  - by Ivan Petrushev

  Hello, I'm using rxvt-unicode version 9.06 at Ubuntu 9.10. I was used to aterm, where you can use SHIFT + up/down arrow to scroll the printed output with a line up or down. You can also use SHIFT + pgup/pgdown to scroll one screen up or down. In urxvt I can use the pgup/pgdown combination as well, but can't use the up/down arrow combination. It is very useful to be able to scroll by single lines. Do you have any idea how to enable the up/down arrow scrolling? This is my ~/.inputrc: set show-all-if-ambiguous on And this is my ~/.Xdefaults: URxvt*geometry:80x35 URxvt*transparent:true URxvt*shading:40 URxvt*saveLines:12000 URxvt*foreground:White URxvt*background:Blue URxvt*font: -*-terminus-*-*-*-*-14-*-*-*-*-*-*-* URxvt*color4:RoyalBlue URxvt*color12:RoyalBlue URxvt*scrollBar:true URxvt*scrollBar_right:false URxvt*scrollstyle:rxvt

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