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• Facebook Payments & Credits vs. Real-World & Charities

  - by Adam Tannon

  I am having a difficult time understanding Facebook's internal "e-commerce microcosm" and what it allows Facebook App developers to do (and what it restricts them from doing). Two use cases: I'm an e-com retailer selling clothes and coffee mugs (real-world goods) on my website; I want to write a Facebook App that allows Facebook users to buy my real-world goods from inside of Facebook using real money ($ USD) I'm highschool student trying to raise money for my senior class trip and want to build a Facebook App that allows Facebook users to donate to our class using real money ($ USD) Are these two scenarios possible? If not, why (what Facebook policies prohibit me from doing so)? If so, what APIs do I use: Payments or Credits? And how (specifically) would it work? Do Facebook Users have to first buy "credits" (which are mapped to $ USD values under the hood) and pay/donate with credits, or can they whip out their credit card and pay/donate right through my Facebook App? I think that last question really summarizes my confusion: can Facebook users enter their credit card info directly into Facebook Apps, or do you have to go through Payments/Credits APIs as a "middleman"?

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• What if globals make sense?

  - by Greg

  I've got a value that many objects need. For example, a financial application with different investments as objects, and most of them need the current interest rate. I was hoping to encapsulate my "financial environment" as an object, with the interest rate as a property. But, sibling objects that need that value can't get to it. So how do I share values among many objects without over-coupling my design? Obviously I'm thinking about this wrong.

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• Which VCS is more applicable for our workflow?

  - by Thomas Mancini

  Currently we have code stored on a shared network drive and do not use any kind of VCS. The code stored on our shared network drive is always being backed up. We would like to keep things as close to they are now as possible, while using some kind of VCS software. I am envisioning a centralized workflow with each developer having a local copy of the code on his/her machine. We don't do any branching or working offline. Typically when we spin off a new version we would just copy the current working directory to a new directory. I believe we would continue doing this and just create a repository for the new version. I would rather not get into an argument over which VCS is better, just hoping to get some opinions for which is best suited and most applicable for what we are trying to do.

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• Should you salary reflect how much work there is for you or does that not matter? [closed]

  - by Kevin Simper

  I am working in a consulting company, where the company mostly do IT support. The website is also only focused on IT support, and we do not therefore capture leads for the Web Department. We aim for Small busniess, which needs new computers and firewalls. We were having a performance conversation and talked about salary and my employer told that he was not impressed by the revenue I was generating. I told that I did not have enough work and I would like to get more tasks and project so that i could reach the goal, but that i did not think it was my fault that there was not enough work. He said that it was not his fault either, but he could not pay me more. Is he right that I should not get paid more just because my employee can not get enough Web projects, or should i be paid what i am worth not based on the work amount the sales generate?

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• Why does Zend discourage "floating functions"?

  - by kojiro

  Zend's Coding Standard Naming Convention says Functions in the global scope (a.k.a "floating functions") are permitted but discouraged in most cases. Consider wrapping these functions in a static class. The common wisdom in Python says practically the opposite: Finally, use staticmethod sparingly! There are very few situations where static-methods are necessary in Python, and I've seen them used many times where a separate "top-level" function would have been clearer. (Not only does the above StackOverflow answer warn against overuse of static methods, but more than one Python linter will warn the same.) Is this something that can be generalized across programming languages, and if so, why does Python differ so from PHP? If it's not something that can be generalized, what is the basis for one approach or the other, and is there a way to immediately recognize in a language whether you should prefer bare functions or static methods?

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• How can I be prepared to join a company?

  - by Aerovistae

  There's more to it than that, but this title was the best way I could think of to sum it up. I'm a senior in a good computer science program, and I'm graduating early. About to start interviews and all whatnot. I'm not a super-experienced programmer, not one of those people who started in middle school. I'm decent at this, but I'm not among the best, not nearly. I have to do an awful lot of googling. So today I'm meeting some fellow for lunch at a campus cafe to discuss some front-end details when this tall, good-looking guy begs pardon, says he's new to campus, says he's wondering if we know where he can go to sign up for recruiting developers. Quickly evolves into long conversation: he's the CEO of a seems-to-be-doing-well start-up. Hiring passionate interns and full-times. Sounds great! I take one look at his site on my own computer later, immediately spot a major bug. No idea how to fix it, but I see it. I go over to the page code, and good god. It's the standard amount of code you would expect from a full-scale web application, a couple dozen pages of HTML and scripts. I don't even know where to start reading it. I've built sites from scratch, but obviously never on that scale, nor have I ever worked on one of that scale. I have no idea which bit might generate the bug. But that sets me thinking: How could someone like me possibly settle into an environment like that? A start-up is a very high-pressure working environment. I don't know if I can work at that pace under those constraints-- I would hate to let people down. And with only 10 employees, it's not like anyone has much time to help you get your bearings. Somewhere in there is a question. Can you see it? I'm asking for general advice here. Maybe even anecdotal advice. Is joining a start-up right out of college a scary process? Am I overestimating what it would take to figure out the mass of code behind this site? What's the likelihood a decent but only moderately-experienced coder could earn his pay at such a place? For instance, I know nothing of server-side/back-end programming. Never touched it. That scares me.

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• Software Usability analysis

  - by Afnan

  i am unable to find the answers to the following questions.Please help me resolve (a) Name quantitative and qualitative techniques for analysing the usability of a software product. (b) Compare the costs and bene?ts of the quantitative techniques. (c) Compare the costs and bene?ts of the qualitative techniques. (d ) If restricted to a single one of these techniques when designing a new online banking system, which would you choose and why?

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• What do developers want to learn at their next startup?

  - by William Pietri

  As a developer, i know how much I like learning new stuff. Now that I'm hiring developers for my startup, I know I can't compete with Google's zillion-dollar bonuses and fancy cafeterias, but we are rich with opportunities for curious people to learn. I want to set things up to support that. So if you're a developer likely to join a startup, what do you want to learn? Product things? Business things? User research, design, or tech ops things? Or if it's more technical learning you're after, do you want to go deeper in what you know (e.g., back end learning back end) or cross-train (e.g., front end learning back end)? Or is there something else entirely?

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• Is Silverlight only for eye-candy, or does it have a use in business?

  - by Cyberherbalist

  Granted that Silverlight may make eye-popping websites of great beauty, is there any justification for using it to make practical web applications that have serious business purposes? I'd like to use it (to learn it) for a new assignment I have, which is to build a web-based application that keeps track of the data interfaces used in our organization, but I'm not sure how to justify it, even to myself. Any thoughts on this? If I can't justify it then I will have to build the app using the same old tired straight ASP.NET approach I've used (it seems) a hundred times already.

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• Do you contribute to open-source software?

  - by pablo

  Recently John Resig (creator of the jQuery library) wrote on his twitter that "When it comes to hiring, I'll take a Github commit log over a resume any day.". As much as I respect that (motivating developers to give back to the community), it also puzzles me, as not all of us have the opportunity to do so, for a number of reasons (family, employer agreements, etc). How would you make a case for the non-contributor developer? Do you think that developers that do not contribute to open-source software are doomed from certain kinds of organizations?

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• How to minimize the usage of static variables and objects

  - by Peter Penzov

  I'm trying to implement this JavaFX code where I want to call remote Java class and pass boolean flag: final CheckMenuItem toolbarSubMenuNavigation = new CheckMenuItem("Navigation"); toolbarSubMenuNavigation.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() { @Override public void handle(ActionEvent e) { //DataTabs.renderTab = toolbarSubMenuNavigation.isSelected(); DataTabs.setRenderTab(toolbarSubMenuNavigation.isSelected()); // call here the getter setter and send boolean flag System.out.println("subsystem1 #1 Enabled!"); } }); Java class which I want to call: public class DataTabs { private static boolean renderTab; // make members *private* private static TabPane tabPane; public static boolean isRenderTab() { return DataTabs.renderTab; } public static void setRenderTab(boolean renderTab) { DataTabs.renderTab = renderTab; tabPane.setVisible(renderTab); } // somewhere below // set visible the tab pane TabPane tabPane = DataTabs.tabPane = new TabPane(); tabPane.setVisible(renderTab); } This implementation works but I want to optimize it to use less static variables and objects. Can you tell me which sections of the code how can be optimized?

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• Which architecture should I choose for this project?

  - by Jichao

  I have a project. The server which based on a phone PCI-board is responsible for received phone calls from the customer and then redirect the phone calls to the operators. I have decided to code the server using c++ programming language and qt framework because the PCI-board SDK's interface is c/c++ originated and for the sake of portability. The server need to send the information of the the customer to the operator while ringing the operator and the ui interface of the operator client should be browser-based. Now the key problem is how could the server notify the operator that there is a phone call for he/she. One architecture I have considered is like this, The operator browser client use ajax pooling the web server to check whether there is call to the client; the web server pooling the database server to check whether there is call; the desktop server(c++) wait for the phone calls and set the information in the database. The other operations such as hang up the phone call from the client, retransfer the phone call to the other operator also use this architecture. Then, is there any way other than pooling the server(js code setInterval('getDail', 1000)) to decide whether there is a call to the operator? Is this architecture feasible or should I use some terrific techniques that I do know such as web services,xml-rpc, soap???

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• Name for Osherove's modified singleton pattern?

  - by Kazark

  I'm pretty well sold on the "singletons are evil" line of thought. Nevertheless, there are limited occurrences when you want to limit the creation of an object. Roy Osherove advises, If you're planning to use a singleton in your design, separate the logic of the singleton class and the logic that makes it a singleton (the part that initializes a static variables, for example) into two separate classes. That way, you can keep the single responsibility principle (SRP) and also have a way to override singleton logic. (The Art of Unit Testing 261-262) This pattern still perpetuates the global state. However, it does result in a testable design, so it seems to me to be a good pattern for mitigating the damage of a singleton. However, Osherove does not give a name to this pattern; but naming a pattern, according to the Gang of Four, is important: Naming a pattern immediately increases our design vocabulary. It lets us design at a higher level of abstraction. (3) Is there a standard name for this pattern? It seems different enough from a standard singleton to deserve a separate name. Decoupled Singleton, perhaps?

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• Can higher-order functions in FP be interpreted as some kind of dependency injection?

  - by Giorgio

  According to this article, in object-oriented programming / design dependency injection involves a dependent consumer, a declaration of a component's dependencies, defined as interface contracts, an injector that creates instances of classes that implement a given dependency interface on request. Let us now consider a higher-order function in a functional programming language, e.g. the Haskell function filter :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a] from Data.List. This function transforms a list into another list and, in order to perform its job, it uses (consumes) an external predicate function that must be provided by its caller, e.g. the expression filter (\x -> (mod x 2) == 0) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] selects all even numbers from the input list. But isn't this construction very similar to the pattern illustrated above, where the filter function is the dependent consumer, the signature (a -> Bool) of the function argument is the interface contract, the expression that uses the higher-order is the injector that, in this particular case, injects the implementation (\x -> (mod x 2) == 0) of the contract. More in general, can one relate higher-order functions and their usage pattern in functional programming to the dependency injection pattern in object-oriented languages? Or in the inverse direction, can dependency injection be compared to using some kind of higher-order function?

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• Is it a good practice to use smaller data types for variables to save memory?

  - by ThePlan

  When I learned the C++ language for the first time I learned that besides int, float etc, smaller or bigger versions of these data types existed within the language. For example I could call a variable x int x; or short int x; The main difference being that short int takes 2 bytes of memory while int takes 4 bytes, and short int has a lesser value, but we could also call this to make it even smaller: int x; short int x; unsigned short int x; which is even more restrictive. My question here is if it's a good practice to use separate data types according to what values your variable take within the program. Is it a good idea to always declare variables according to these data types?

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• If the model is validating the data, shouldn't it throw exceptions on bad input?

  - by Carlos Campderrós

  Reading this SO question it seems that throwing exceptions for validating user input is frowned upon. But who should validate this data? In my applications, all validations are done in the business layer, because only the class itself really knows which values are valid for each one of its properties. If I were to copy the rules for validating a property to the controller, it is possible that the validation rules change and now there are two places where the modification should be made. Is my premise that validation should be done on the business layer wrong? What I do So my code usually ends up like this: <?php class Person { private $name; private $age; public function setName($n) { $n = trim($n); if (mb_strlen($n) == 0) { throw new ValidationException("Name cannot be empty"); } $this->name = $n; } public function setAge($a) { if (!is_int($a)) { if (!ctype_digit(trim($a))) { throw new ValidationException("Age $a is not valid"); } $a = (int)$a; } if ($a < 0 || $a > 150) { throw new ValidationException("Age $a is out of bounds"); } $this->age = $a; } // other getters, setters and methods } In the controller, I just pass the input data to the model, and catch thrown exceptions to show the error(s) to the user: <?php $person = new Person(); $errors = array(); // global try for all exceptions other than ValidationException try { // validation and process (if everything ok) try { $person->setAge($_POST['age']); } catch (ValidationException $e) { $errors['age'] = $e->getMessage(); } try { $person->setName($_POST['name']); } catch (ValidationException $e) { $errors['name'] = $e->getMessage(); } ... } catch (Exception $e) { // log the error, send 500 internal server error to the client // and finish the request } if (count($errors) == 0) { // process } else { showErrorsToUser($errors); } Is this a bad methodology? Alternate method Should maybe I create methods for isValidAge($a) that return true/false and then call them from the controller? <?php class Person { private $name; private $age; public function setName($n) { $n = trim($n); if ($this->isValidName($n)) { $this->name = $n; } else { throw new Exception("Invalid name"); } } public function setAge($a) { if ($this->isValidAge($a)) { $this->age = $a; } else { throw new Exception("Invalid age"); } } public function isValidName($n) { $n = trim($n); if (mb_strlen($n) == 0) { return false; } return true; } public function isValidAge($a) { if (!is_int($a)) { if (!ctype_digit(trim($a))) { return false; } $a = (int)$a; } if ($a < 0 || $a > 150) { return false; } return true; } // other getters, setters and methods } And the controller will be basically the same, just instead of try/catch there are now if/else: <?php $person = new Person(); $errors = array(); if ($person->isValidAge($age)) { $person->setAge($age); } catch (Exception $e) { $errors['age'] = "Invalid age"; } if ($person->isValidName($name)) { $person->setName($name); } catch (Exception $e) { $errors['name'] = "Invalid name"; } ... if (count($errors) == 0) { // process } else { showErrorsToUser($errors); } So, what should I do? I'm pretty happy with my original method, and my colleagues to whom I have showed it in general have liked it. Despite this, should I change to the alternate method? Or am I doing this terribly wrong and I should look for another way?

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• Tournament bracket method to put distance between teammates

  - by Fred Thomsen

  I am using a proper binary tree to simulate a tournament bracket. It's preferred any competitors in the bracket that are teammates don't meet each other until the later rounds. What is an efficient method in which I can ensure that teammates in the bracket have as much distance as possible from each other? Are there any other data structures besides a tree that would be better for this purpose? EDIT: There can be more than 2 teams represented in a bracket.

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• Referencing external javascript vs. hosting my own copy

  - by Mr. Jefferson

  Say I have a web app that uses jQuery. Is it better practice to host the necessary javascript files on my own servers along with my website files, or to reference them on jQuery's CDN (example: http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.7.1.min.js)? I can see pros for both sides: If it's on my servers, that's one less external dependency; if jQuery went down or changed their hosting structure or something like that, then my app breaks. But I feel like that won't happen often; there must be lots of small-time sites doing this, and the jQuery team will want to avoid breaking them. If it's on my servers, that's one less external reference that someone could call a security issue If it's referenced externally, then I don't have to worry about the bandwidth to serve the files (though I know it's not that much). If it's referenced externally and I'm deploying this web site to lots of servers that need to have their own copies of all the files, then it's one less file I have to remember to copy/update.

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• Useful versioning scheme for a git project?

  - by Oliver Weiler

  I have a small github project, which I need to add an option to to output some version number on the commandline. The problem is I have no idea how to "compute" the version number. Is this some random process? Should I just start at 1.0 (probably creating a tag or something), and put a number after . for fixes? I know this question is a bit vague... I just had never to deal with this, and want to use some sane versioning scheme. EDIT Im also interested into how to update this version number automatically, maybe using something like a git hook.

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• Handling SMS/email convergence: how does a good business app do it?

  - by Tim Cooper

  I'm writing a school administration software package, but it strikes me that many developers will face this same issue: when communicating with users, should you use email or SMS or both, and should you treat them as fundamentally equivalent channels such that any message can get sent using any media, (with long and short forms of the message template obviously) or should different business functions be specifically tailored to each of the 3? This question got kicked off "StackOverflow" for being overly general, so I'm hoping it's not too general for this site - the answers will no doubt be subjective but "you don't need to write a whole book to answer the question". I'm particularly interested in people who have direct experience of having written comparable business applications. Sub-questions: Do I treat SMS as "moderately secure" and email as less secure? (I'm thinking about booking tokens for parent/teacher nights, permission slips for excursions, absence explanation notes - so high security is not a requirement for us, although medium security is) Is it annoying for users to receive the same message on multiple channels? Should we have a unified framework that reports on delivery or lack thereof of emails and SMS's?

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• Is MVC now the only way to write PHP?

  - by JasonS

  Hey... its XMAS Eve and something is bugging me... yes, I have work on my mind even when I am on holiday. The vast amount of frameworks available for PHP now use MVC. Even ASP.net has its own MVC module. I can see the attraction of MVC, I really can and I use it frequently. The only downside that I can see is that you have to fire up the whole system to execute a page request. Depending on your task this can be a little wasteful. So the question. In a professional environment is this the only way to use PHP nowadays or are their other design methods which have alternative benefits?

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• easy visualization of usage statistics (web app)

  - by sova

  I have some usage queries for my web app's database, the results of which I want to display graphically. Is there an easy-to-use api that exists for this purpose? I want to show things like average query-time per user (a small user-base), average query time per day, and things like that. I think it would be cool to show these on a two-axis graph. I am displaying this data on my site, so a jQuery/javascript/html solution for rendering information into graphs would be ideal. Thank you :) P.S. I wasn't sure if I should ask this on SO, but I am looking more for which product to use, not how to program with it.

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• License for Opensource project

  - by asterisk

  I am newbie in the open source community world. I am planning to develop a open source project, hosted on github. The project would be using other open source components like- NHibernate, FNH, Log4net, CommonLibrary, Autofac, Quartz.Net Scheduler etc etc My questions are: Would there be any restrictions on using above OSS components? for example: I plan to use MIT license, but Quartz.Net Scheduler uses Apache license, would there be any restrictions? How do I get a license for my own project? Do I need to register my project somewhere? What is the best practice to mention credits to the OSS compoenents used? Many thanks,

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• Are the technologies used in an application part of the architecture, or do they represent implementation/detailed design details?

  - by m3th0dman

  When designing and writing documentation for a project an architecture needs to be clearly defined: what are the high-level modules of the system, what are their responsibilities, how do they communicate with each other, what protocols are used etc. But in this list, should the concrete technologies be specified or this is actually an implementation detail and need to be specified at a lower level? For example, consider a distributed application that has two modules which communicate asynchronously via AMQP protocol, mediated by a message broker. The fact that these modules use the Spring AMQP library for sending and receiving messages is a fact that needs to be specified in the architecture or is a lower-level detailed design/implementation detail?

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• s expression representation for c

  - by wirrbel

  Experimenting with various lisps lately (clojure especially) i have wondered if there are any s expression based representations of (subsets) of c, so you could use lisp/closure to write macros and then convert the s-expression c tree to pure c. I am not asking for a to-c-compilers of lisp/scheme/clojure but more of using lisps to transform a c syntax tree. Little background to why i am asking this question: i find myself to really enjoy certain clojure macros like the threading macros -> doto etc. And i feel that they would be great in a non FP environment as well.

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