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• July, the 31 Days of SQL Server DMO’s – Day 22 (sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats)

  - by Tamarick Hill

  The sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats Dynamic Management Function is used to return information about the fragmentation levels, page counts, depth, number of levels, record counts, etc. about the indexes on your database instance. One row is returned for each level in a given index, which we will discuss more later. The function takes a total of 5 input parameters which are (1) database_id, (2) object_id, (3) index_id, (4) partition_number, and (5) the mode of the scan level that you would like to run. Let’s use this function with our AdventureWorks2012 database to better illustrate the information it provides. SELECT * FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(db_id('AdventureWorks2012'), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL) As you can see from the result set, there is a lot of beneficial information returned from this DMF. The first couple of columns in the result set (database_id, object_id, index_id, partition_number, index_type_desc, alloc_unit_type_desc) are either self-explanatory or have been explained in our previous blog sessions so I will not go into detail about these at this time. The next column in the result set is the index_depth which represents how deep the index goes. For example, If we have a large index that contains 1 root page, 3 intermediate levels, and 1 leaf level, our index depth would be 5. The next column is the index_level which refers to what level (of the depth) a particular row is referring to. Next is probably one of the most beneficial columns in this result set, which is the avg_fragmentation_in_percent. This column shows you how fragmented a particular level of an index may be. Many people use this column within their index maintenance jobs to dynamically determine whether they should do REORG’s or full REBUILD’s of a given index. The fragment count represents the number of fragments in a leaf level while the avg_fragment_size_in_pages represents the number of pages in a fragment. The page_count column tells you how many pages are in a particular index level. From my result set above, you see the the remaining columns all have NULL values. This is because I did not specify a ‘mode’ in my query and as a result it used the ‘LIMITED’ mode by default. The LIMITED mode is meant to be lightweight so it does collect information for every column in the result set. I will re-run my query again using the ‘DETAILED’ mode and you will see we now have results for these rows. SELECT * FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(db_id('AdventureWorks2012'), NULL, NULL, NULL, ‘DETAILED’)   From the remaining columns, you see we get even more detailed information such as how many records are in a particular index level (record_count). We have a column for ghost_record_count which represents the number of records that have been marked for deletion, but have not physically been removed by the background ghost cleanup process. We later see information on the MIN, MAX, and AVG record size in bytes. The forwarded_record_count column refers to records that have been updated and now no longer fit within the row on the page anymore and thus have to be moved. A forwarded record is left in the original location with a pointer to the new location. The last column in the result set is the compressed_page_count column which tells you how many pages in your index have been compressed. This is a very powerful DMF that returns good information about the current indexes in your system. However, based on the mode you select, it could be a very resource intensive function so be careful with how you use it. For more information on this Dynamic Management Function, please see the below Books Online link: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms188917.aspx Follow me on Twitter @PrimeTimeDBA

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• OWB 11gR2 - Early Arriving Facts

  - by Dawei Sun

  A common challenge when building ETL components for a data warehouse is how to handle early arriving facts. OWB 11gR2 introduced a new feature to address this for dimensional objects entitled Orphan Management. An orphan record is one that does not have a corresponding existing parent record. Orphan management automates the process of handling source rows that do not meet the requirements necessary to form a valid dimension or cube record. In this article, a simple example will be provided to show you how to use Orphan Management in OWB. We first import a sample MDL file that contains all the objects we need. Then we take some time to examine all the objects. After that, we prepare the source data, deploy the target table and dimension/cube loading map. Finally, we run the loading maps, and check the data in target dimension/cube tables. OK, let’s start… 1. Import MDL file and examine sample project First, download zip file from here, which includes a MDL file and three source data files. Then we open OWB design center, import orphan_management.mdl by using the menu File->Import->Warehouse Builder Metadata. Now we have several objects in BI_DEMO project as below: Mapping LOAD_CHANNELS_OM: The mapping for dimension loading. Mapping LOAD_SALES_OM: The mapping for cube loading. Dimension CHANNELS_OM: The dimension that contains channels data. Cube SALES_OM: The cube that contains sales data. Table CHANNELS_OM: The star implementation table of dimension CHANNELS_OM. Table SALES_OM: The star implementation table of cube SALES_OM. Table SRC_CHANNELS: The source table of channels data, that will be loaded into dimension CHANNELS_OM. Table SRC_ORDERS and SRC_ORDER_ITEMS: The source tables of sales data that will be loaded into cube SALES_OM. Sequence CLASS_OM_DIM_SEQ: The sequence used for loading dimension CHANNELS_OM. Dimension CHANNELS_OM This dimension has a hierarchy with three levels: TOTAL, CLASS and CHANNEL. Each level has three attributes: ID (surrogate key), NAME and SOURCE_ID (business key). It has a standard star implementation. The orphan management policy and the default parent setting are shown in the following screenshots: The orphan management policy options that you can set for loading are: Reject Orphan: The record is not inserted. Default Parent: You can specify a default parent record. This default record is used as the parent record for any record that does not have an existing parent record. If the default parent record does not exist, Warehouse Builder creates the default parent record. You specify the attribute values of the default parent record at the time of defining the dimensional object. If any ancestor of the default parent does not exist, Warehouse Builder also creates this record. No Maintenance: This is the default behavior. Warehouse Builder does not actively detect, reject, or fix orphan records. While removing data from a dimension, you can select one of the following orphan management policies: Reject Removal: Warehouse Builder does not allow you to delete the record if it has existing child records. No Maintenance: This is the default behavior. Warehouse Builder does not actively detect, reject, or fix orphan records. (More details are at http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/owb.112/e10935/dim_objects.htm#insertedID1) Cube SALES_OM This cube is references to dimension CHANNELS_OM. It has three measures: AMOUNT, QUANTITY and COST. The orphan management policy setting are shown as following screenshot: The orphan management policy options that you can set for loading are: No Maintenance: Warehouse Builder does not actively detect, reject, or fix orphan rows. Default Dimension Record: Warehouse Builder assigns a default dimension record for any row that has an invalid or null dimension key value. Use the Settings button to define the default parent row. Reject Orphan: Warehouse Builder does not insert the row if it does not have an existing dimension record. (More details are at http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/owb.112/e10935/dim_objects.htm#BABEACDG) Mapping LOAD_CHANNELS_OM This mapping loads source data from table SRC_CHANNELS to dimension CHANNELS_OM. The operator CHANNELS_IN is bound to table SRC_CHANNELS; CHANNELS_OUT is bound to dimension CHANNELS_OM. The TOTALS operator is used for generating a constant value for the top level in the dimension. The CLASS_FILTER operator is used to filter out the “invalid” class name, so then we can see what will happen when those channel records with an “invalid” parent are loading into dimension. Some properties of the dimension operator in this mapping are important to orphan management. See the screenshot below: Create Default Level Records: If YES, then default level records will be created. This property must be set to YES for dimensions and cubes if one of their orphan management policies is “Default Parent” or “Default Dimension Record”. This property is set to NO by default, so the user may need to set this to YES manually. LOAD policy for INVALID keys/ LOAD policy for NULL keys: These two properties have the same meaning as in the dimension editor. The values are set to the same as the dimension value when user drops the dimension into the mapping. The user does not need to modify these properties. Record Error Rows: If YES, error rows will be inserted into error table when loading the dimension. REMOVE Orphan Policy: This property is used when removing data from a dimension. Since the dimension loading type is set to LOAD in this example, this property is disabled. Mapping LOAD_SALES_OM This mapping loads source data from table SRC_ORDERS and SRC_ORDER_ITEMS to cube SALES_OM. This mapping seems a little bit complicated, but operators in the red rectangle are used to filter out and generate the records with “invalid” or “null” dimension keys. Some properties of the cube operator in a mapping are important to orphan management. See the screenshot below: Enable Source Aggregation: Should be checked in this example. If the default dimension record orphan policy is set for the cube operator, then it is recommended that source aggregation also be enabled. Otherwise, the orphan management processing may produce multiple fact rows with the same default dimension references, which will cause an “unstable rowset” execution error in the database, since the dimension refs are used as update match attributes for updating the fact table. LOAD policy for INVALID keys/ LOAD policy for NULL keys: These two properties have the same meaning as in the cube editor. The values are set to the same as in the cube editor when the user drops the cube into the mapping. The user does not need to modify these properties. Record Error Rows: If YES, error rows will be inserted into error table when loading the cube. 2. Deploy objects and mappings We now can deploy the objects. First, make sure location SALES_WH_LOCAL has been correctly configured. Then open Control Center Manager by using the menu Tools->Control Center Manager. Expand BI_DEMO->SALES_WH_LOCAL, click SALES_WH node on the project tree. We can see the following objects: Deploy all the objects in the following order: Sequence CLASS_OM_DIM_SEQ Table CHANNELS_OM, SALES_OM, SRC_CHANNELS, SRC_ORDERS, SRC_ORDER_ITEMS Dimension CHANNELS_OM Cube SALES_OM Mapping LOAD_CHANNELS_OM, LOAD_SALES_OM Note that we deployed source tables as well. Normally, we import source table from database instead of deploying them to target schema. However, in this example, we designed the source tables in OWB and deployed them to database for the purpose of this demonstration. 3. Prepare and examine source data Before running the mappings, we need to populate and examine the source data first. Run SRC_CHANNELS.sql, SRC_ORDERS.sql and SRC_ORDER_ITEMS.sql as target user. Then we check the data in these three tables. Table SRC_CHANNELS SQL> select rownum, id, class, name from src_channels; Records 1~5 are correct; they should be loaded into dimension without error. Records 6,7 and 8 have null parents; they should be loaded into dimension with a default parent value, and should be inserted into error table at the same time. Records 9, 10 and 11 have “invalid” parents; they should be rejected by dimension, and inserted into error table. Table SRC_ORDERS and SRC_ORDER_ITEMS SQL> select rownum, a.id, a.channel, b.amount, b.quantity, b.cost from src_orders a, src_order_items b where a.id = b.order_id; Record 178 has null dimension reference; it should be loaded into cube with a default dimension reference, and should be inserted into error table at the same time. Record 179 has “invalid” dimension reference; it should be rejected by cube, and inserted into error table. Other records should be aggregated and loaded into cube correctly. 4. Run the mappings and examine the target data In the Control Center Manager, expand BI_DEMO-> SALES_WH_LOCAL-> SALES_WH-> Mappings, right click on LOAD_CHANNELS_OM node, click Start. Use the same way to run mapping LOAD_SALES_OM. When they successfully finished, we can check the data in target tables. Table CHANNELS_OM SQL> select rownum, total_id, total_name, total_source_id, class_id,class_name, class_source_id, channel_id, channel_name,channel_source_id from channels_om order by abs(dimension_key); Records 1,2 and 3 are the default dimension records for the three levels. Records 8, 10 and 15 are the loaded records that originally have null parents. We see their parents name (class_name) is set to DEF_CLASS_NAME. Those records whose CHANNEL_NAME are Special_4, Special_5 and Special_6 are not loaded to this table because of the invalid parent. Error Table CHANNELS_OM_ERR SQL> select rownum, class_source_id, channel_id, channel_name,channel_source_id, err$$$_error_reason from channels_om_err order by channel_name; We can see all the record with null parent or invalid parent are inserted into this error table. Error reason is “Default parent used for record” for the first three records, and “No parent found for record” for the last three. Table SALES_OM SQL> select a.*, b.channel_name from sales_om a, channels_om b where a.channels=b.channel_id; We can see the order record with null channel_name has been loaded into target table with a default channel_name. The one with “invalid” channel_name are not loaded. Error Table SALES_OM_ERR SQL> select a.amount, a.cost, a.quantity, a.channels, b.channel_name, a.err$$$_error_reason from sales_om_err a, channels_om b where a.channels=b.channel_id(+); We can see the order records with null or invalid channel_name are inserted into error table. If the dimension reference column is null, the error reason is “Default dimension record used for fact”. If it is invalid, the error reason is “Dimension record not found for fact”. Summary In summary, this article illustrated the Orphan Management feature in OWB 11gR2. Automated orphan management policies improve ETL developer and administrator productivity by addressing an important cause of cube and dimension load failures, without requiring developers to explicitly build logic to handle these orphan rows.

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• Action button: only true once per press

  - by Sidar

  I'm using SFML2.0 and am trying to make a wrapper class for my controller/joystick. I read all the input data from my controller and send it off to my controllable object. I want to have two types of buttons per button press, one that is continues(true false state ) and one that is an action and is set to false after the next frame update. Here is an example of how I set my button A to true or false with the SFML api. Whereas data is my struct of buttons, and A holds my true/false state every update. data.A = sf::Joystick::isButtonPressed(i,st::input::A); But I've also added "data.actionA" which represents the one time action state. Basically what I want is for actionA to be set false after the update its been set to true. I'm trying to keep track of the previous state. But I seem to fall into this loop where it toggles between true and false every update. Anyone an idea? Edit: Since I can't answer my own question yet here is my solution: data.actionA = data.A = sf::Joystick::isButtonPressed(i,st::input::A); if(prev.A) data.actionA = false; First I always set the actionA to the value of the button state. Then I check if the previous state of A is true. If so we negate the value.

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• Log shipping and shrinking transaction logs

  - by DavidWimbush

  I just solved a problem that had me worried for a bit. I'm log shipping from three primary servers to a single secondary server, and the transaction log disk on the secondary server was getting very full. I established that several primary databases had unused space that resulted from big, one-off updates so I could shrink their logs. But would this action be log shipped and applied to the secondary database too? I thought probably not. And, more importantly, would it break log shipping? My secondary databases are in a Standby / Read Only state so I didn't think I could shrink their logs. I RTFMd, Googled, and asked on a Q&A site (not the evil one) but was none the wiser. So I was facing a monumental round of shrink, full backup, full secondary restore and re-start log shipping (which would leave us without a disaster recovery facility for the duration). Then I thought it might be worthwhile to take a non-essential database and just make absolutely sure a log shrink on the primary wouldn't ship over and occur on the secondary as well. So I did a DBCC SHRINKFILE and kept an eye on the secondary. Bingo! Log shipping didn't blink and the log on the secondary shrank too. I just love it when something turns out even better than I dared to hope. (And I guess this highlights something I need to learn about what activities are logged.)

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• How to Automate your Database Documentation

  - by Jonathan Hickford

  In my previous post, “Automating Deployments with SQL Compare command line” I looked at how teams can automate the deployment and post deployment validation of SQL Server databases using the command line versions of Red Gate tools. In this post I’m looking at another use for the command line tools, namely using them to generate up-to-date documentation with every database change. There are many reasons why up-to-date documentation is valuable. For example when somebody new has to work on or administer a database for the first time, or when a new database comes into service. Having database documentation reduces the risks of making incorrect decisions when making changes. Documentation is very useful to business intelligence analysts when writing reports, for example in SSRS. There are a couple of great examples talking about why up to date documentation is valuable on this site:  Database Documentation – Lands of Trolls: Why and How? and Database Documentation Using SQL Doc. The short answer is that it can save you time and reduce risk when you need that most! SQL Doc is a fast simple tool that automatically generates database documentation. It can create documents in HTML, Word or pdf files. The documentation contains information about object definitions and dependencies, along with any other information you want to associate with each object. The SQL Doc GUI, which is included in Red Gate’s SQL Developer Bundle and SQL Toolbelt, allows you to add additional notes to objects, and customise which objects are shown in the docs.  These settings can be saved as a .sqldoc project file. The SQL Doc command line can use this project file to automatically update the documentation every time the database is changed, ensuring that documentation that is always up to date. The simplest way to keep documentation up to date is probably to use a scheduled task to run a script every day. However if you have a source controlled database, or are using a Continuous Integration (CI) server or a build server, it may make more sense to use that instead. If  you’re using SQL Source Control or SSDT Database Projects to help version control your database, you can automatically update the documentation after each change is made to the source control repository that contains your database. To get this automation in place,  you can use the functionality of a Continuous Integration (CI) server, which can trigger commands to run when a source control repository has changed. A CI server will also capture and save the documentation that is created as an artifact, so you can always find the exact documentation for a specific version of the database. This forms an always up to date data dictionary. If you don’t already have a CI server in place there are several you can use, such as the free open source Jenkins or the free starter editions of TeamCity. I won’t cover setting these up in this article, but there is information about using CI servers for automating database tasks on the Red Gate Database Delivery webpage. You may be interested in Red Gate’s SQL CI utility (part of the SQL Automation Pack) which is an easy way to update a database with the latest changes from source control. The PowerShell example below shows how to create the documentation from a database. That database might be your integration database or a shared development database that is always up to date with the latest changes. $serverName = "server\instance" $databaseName = "databaseName" # If you want to document multiple databases use a comma separated list $userName = "username" $password = "password" # Path to SQLDoc.exe $SQLDocPath = "C:\Program Files (x86)\Red Gate\SQL Doc 3\SQLDoc.exe" $arguments = @( "/server:$($serverName)", "/database:$($databaseName)", "/username:$($userName)", "/password:$($password)", "/filetype:html", "/outputfolder:.", # "/project:$args[0]", # If you already have a .sqldoc project file you can pass it as an argument to this script. Values in the project will be overridden with any options set on the command line "/name:$databaseName Report", "/copyrightauthor:$([Environment]::UserName)" ) write-host $arguments & $SQLDocPath $arguments There are several options you can set on the command line to vary how your documentation is created. For example, you can document multiple databases or exclude certain types of objects. In the example above, we set the name of the report to match the database name, and use the current Windows user as the documentation author. For more examples of how you can customise the report from the command line please see the SQL Doc command line documentation If you already have a .sqldoc project file, or wish to further customise the report by including or excluding specific objects, you can use this project on the command line. Any settings you specify on the command line will override the defaults in the project. For details of what you can customise in the project please see the SQL Doc project documentation. In the example above, the line to use a project is commented out, but you can uncomment this line and then pass a path to a .sqldoc project file as an argument to this script.  Conclusion Keeping documentation about your databases up to date is very easy to set up using SQL Doc and PowerShell. By using a CI server to run this process you can trigger the documentation to be run on every change to a source controlled database, and keep historic documentation available. If you are considering more advanced database automation, e.g. database unit testing, change script generation, deploying to large numbers of targets and backup/verification, please email me at [email protected] for further script samples or if you have any questions.

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• FREE Online Azure Workshop includes a **FREE Azure Account**

  - by Jim Duffy

  My friend and all around good guy, Microsoft Developer Evangelist for the Carolinas, Brian Hitney, along with fellow Microsofties Jim O’Neil and John McClelland will be presenting a FREE Windows Azure online workshop tomorrow, Tuesday, May 4th from 7pm-9pm. What? You can’t make it Tuesday evening? Not to worry. This webcast will be repeated again a number of times over the next month or so. Taken from Brian’s blog post about it: “Elevate your skills with Windows Azure in this hands-on workshop! In this event we’ll guide you through the process of building and deploying a large scale Azure application. Forget about “hello world”! In less than two hours we’ll build and deploy a real cloud app that leverages the Azure data center and helps make a difference in the world. Yes, in addition to building an application that will leave you with a rock-solid understanding of the Azure platform, the solution you deploy will contribute back to Stanford’s Folding@home distributed computing project. There’s no cost to you to participate in this session; each attendee will receive a temporary, self-expiring, full-access account to work with Azure for a period of 2-weeks.” Did you catch that last sentence??  “each attendee will receive a temporary, self-expiring, full-access account to work with Azure for a period of 2-weeks.” A FREE, full-access, Windows Azure account to experiment and learn with? Now we’re talking. For more information check out Brian’s blog post or head here. Have a day. :-|

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• Why does Mac OS X ignore my Windows NTFS and Share permissions?

  - by Michael

  Mac OS X Snow Leopard Windows Server 2003 Windows Folder "Videos" Share Permissions on Videos - Everyone NTFS Permissions on Videos - System (Full Control) - Domain Users (Modify) - Domain Admins (Full Control) Mac user Michael is a part of the Domain Users group. He connects to Videos using cifs://server/Videos and authenticates with his username Michael. Michael copies over a file "dance dance baby.avi". User Jon opens the Videos folder but cannot see the dance dance baby.avi file. Checking the dance dance baby.avi file permissions here is what I see: Everyone - Read, Write Domain Admins - Full Control Michael - Read, Write Owner of File - Michael So here's my question, how come when Michael copies a file over from a Mac, the permissions on the file get changed even though Michael has no rights to change permissions? If the same file is copied over from a Windows machine, it just inherits the proper permissions from the parent Video folder. Am I missing something? Are my permissions wrong? Thanks. Michael

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• A Closer Look at the HiddenInput Attribute in MVC 2

  - by Steve Michelotti

  MVC 2 includes an attribute for model metadata called the HiddenInput attribute. The typical usage of the attribute looks like this (line #3 below): 1: public class PersonViewModel 2: { 3: [HiddenInput(DisplayValue = false)] 4: public int? Id { get; set; } 5: public string FirstName { get; set; } 6: public string LastName { get; set; } 7: } So if you displayed your PersonViewModel with Html.EditorForModel() or Html.EditorFor(m => m.Id), the framework would detect the [HiddenInput] attribute metadata and produce HTML like this: 1: <input id="Id" name="Id" type="hidden" value="21" /> This is pretty straight forward and allows an elegant way to keep the technical key for your model (e.g., a Primary Key from the database) in the HTML so that everything will be wired up correctly when the form is posted to the server and of course not displaying this value visually to the end user. However, when I was giving a recent presentation, a member of the audience asked me (quite reasonably), “When would you ever set DisplayValue equal to true when using a HiddenInput?” To which I responded, “Well, it’s an edge case. There are sometimes when…er…um…people might want to…um…display this value to the user.” It was quickly apparent to me (and I’m sure everyone else in the room) what a terrible answer this was. I realized I needed to have a much better answer here. First off, let’s look at what is produced if we change our view model to use “true” (which is equivalent to use specifying [HiddenInput] since “true” is the default) on line #3: 1: public class PersonViewModel 2: { 3: [HiddenInput(DisplayValue = true)] 4: public int? Id { get; set; } 5: public string FirstName { get; set; } 6: public string LastName { get; set; } 7: } Will produce the following HTML if rendered from Htm.EditorForModel() in your view: 1: <div class="editor-label"> 2: <label for="Id">Id</label> 3: </div> 4: <div class="editor-field"> 5: 21<input id="Id" name="Id" type="hidden" value="21" /> 6: <span class="field-validation-valid" id="Id_validationMessage"></span> 7: </div> The key is line #5. We get the text of “21” (which happened to be my DB Id in this instance) and also a hidden input element (again with “21”). So the question is, why would one want to use this? The best answer I’ve found is contained in this MVC 2 whitepaper: When a view lets users edit the ID of an object and it is necessary to display the value as well as to provide a hidden input element that contains the old ID so that it can be passed back to the controller. Well, that actually makes sense. Yes, it seems like something that would happen *rarely* but, for those instances, it would enable them easily. It’s effectively equivalent to doing this in your view: 1: <%: Html.LabelFor(m => m.Id) %> 2: <%: Model.Id %> 3: <%: Html.HiddenFor(m => m.Id) %> But it’s allowing you to specify it in metadata on your view model (and thereby take advantage of templated helpers like Html.EditorForModel() and Html.EditorFor()) rather than having to explicitly specifying everything in your view.

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• SQL SERVER – Solution of Puzzle – Swap Value of Column Without Case Statement

  - by pinaldave

  Earlier this week I asked a question where I asked how to Swap Values of the column without using CASE Statement. Read here: SQL SERVER – A Puzzle – Swap Value of Column Without Case Statement. I have proposed 3 different solutions in the blog posts itself. I had requested the help of the community to come up with alternate solutions and honestly I am stunned and amazed by the qualified entries. I will be not able to cover every single solution which is posted as a comment, however, I would like to for sure cover few interesting entries. However, I am selecting 5 solutions which are different (not necessary they are most optimal or best – just different and interesting). Just for clarity I am involving the original problem statement here. USE tempdb GO CREATE TABLE SimpleTable (ID INT, Gender VARCHAR(10)) GO INSERT INTO SimpleTable (ID, Gender) SELECT 1, 'female' UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'male' UNION ALL SELECT 3, 'male' GO SELECT * FROM SimpleTable GO -- Insert Your Solutions here -- Swap value of Column Gender SELECT * FROM SimpleTable GO DROP TABLE SimpleTable GO Here are the five most interesting and different solutions I have received. Solution by Roji P Thomas UPDATE S SET S.Gender = D.Gender FROM SimpleTable S INNER JOIN SimpleTable D ON S.Gender != D.Gender I really loved the solutions as it is very simple and drives the point home – elegant and will work pretty much for any values (not necessarily restricted by the option in original question ‘male’ or ‘female’). Solution by Aneel CREATE TABLE #temp(id INT, datacolumn CHAR(4)) INSERT INTO #temp VALUES(1,'gent'),(2,'lady'),(3,'lady') DECLARE @value1 CHAR(4), @value2 CHAR(4) SET @value1 = 'lady' SET @value2 = 'gent' UPDATE #temp SET datacolumn = REPLACE(@value1 + @value2,datacolumn,'') Aneel has very interesting solution where he combined both the values and replace the original value. I personally liked this creativity of the solution. Solution by SIJIN KUMAR V P UPDATE SimpleTable SET Gender = RIGHT(('fe'+Gender), DIFFERENCE((Gender),SOUNDEX(Gender))*2) Sijin has amazed me with Difference and Soundex function. I have never visualized that above two functions can resolve the problem. Hats off to you Sijin. Solution by Nikhildas UPDATE St SET St.Gender = t.Gender FROM SimpleTable St CROSS Apply (SELECT DISTINCT gender FROM SimpleTable WHERE St.Gender != Gender) t I was expecting that someone will come up with this solution where they use CROSS APPLY. This is indeed very neat and for sure interesting exercise. If you do not know how CROSS APPLY works this is the time to learn. Solution by mistermagooo UPDATE SimpleTable SET Gender=X.NewGender FROM (VALUES('male','female'),('female','male')) AS X(OldGender,NewGender) WHERE SimpleTable.Gender=X.OldGender As per author this is a slow solution but I love how syntaxes are placed and used here. I love how he used syntax here. I will say this is the most beautifully written solution (not necessarily it is best). Bonus: Solution by Madhivanan Somehow I was confident Madhi – SQL Server MVP will come up with something which I will be compelled to read. He has written a complete blog post on this subject and I encourage all of you to go ahead and read it. Now personally I wanted to list every single comment here. There are some so good that I am just amazed with the creativity. I will write a part of this blog post in future. However, here is the challenge for you. Challenge: Go over 50+ various solutions listed to the simple problem here. Here are my two asks for you. 1) Pick your best solution and list here in the comment. This exercise will for sure teach us one or two things. 2) Write your own solution which is yet not covered already listed 50 solutions. I am confident that there is no end to creativity. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Function, SQL Puzzle, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• Why does setting a geometry shader cause my sprites to vanish?

  - by ChaosDev

  My application has multiple screens with different tasks. Once I set a geometry shader to the device context for my custom terrain, it works and I get the desired results. But then when I get back to the main menu, all sprites and text disappear. These sprites don't dissappear when I use pixel and vertex shaders. The sprites are being drawn through D3D11, of course, with specified view and projection matrices as well an input layout, vertex, and pixel shader. I'm trying DeviceContext->ClearState() but it does not help. Any ideas? void gGeometry::DrawIndexedWithCustomEffect(gVertexShader*vs,gPixelShader* ps,gGeometryShader* gs=nullptr) { unsigned int offset = 0; auto context = mp_D3D->mp_Context; //set topology context->IASetPrimitiveTopology(m_Topology); //set input layout context->IASetInputLayout(mp_inputLayout); //set vertex and index buffers context->IASetVertexBuffers(0,1,&mp_VertexBuffer->mp_Buffer,&m_VertexStride,&offset); context->IASetIndexBuffer(mp_IndexBuffer->mp_Buffer,mp_IndexBuffer->m_DXGIFormat,0); //send constant buffers to shaders context->VSSetConstantBuffers(0,vs->m_CBufferCount,vs->m_CRawBuffers.data()); context->PSSetConstantBuffers(0,ps->m_CBufferCount,ps->m_CRawBuffers.data()); if(gs!=nullptr) { context->GSSetConstantBuffers(0,gs->m_CBufferCount,gs->m_CRawBuffers.data()); context->GSSetShader(gs->mp_D3DGeomShader,0,0);//after this call all sprites disappear } //set shaders context->VSSetShader( vs->mp_D3DVertexShader, 0, 0 ); context->PSSetShader( ps->mp_D3DPixelShader, 0, 0 ); //draw context->DrawIndexed(m_indexCount,0,0); } //sprites void gSpriteDrawer::Draw(gTexture2D* texture,const RECT& dest,const RECT& source, const Matrix& spriteMatrix,const float& rotation,Vector2d& position,const Vector2d& origin,const Color& color) { VertexPositionColorTexture* verticesPtr; D3D11_MAPPED_SUBRESOURCE mappedResource; unsigned int TriangleVertexStride = sizeof(VertexPositionColorTexture); unsigned int offset = 0; float halfWidth = ( float )dest.right / 2.0f; float halfHeight = ( float )dest.bottom / 2.0f; float z = 0.1f; int w = texture->Width(); int h = texture->Height(); float tu = (float)source.right/(w); float tv = (float)source.bottom/(h); float hu = (float)source.left/(w); float hv = (float)source.top/(h); Vector2d t0 = Vector2d( hu+tu, hv); Vector2d t1 = Vector2d( hu+tu, hv+tv); Vector2d t2 = Vector2d( hu, hv+tv); Vector2d t3 = Vector2d( hu, hv+tv); Vector2d t4 = Vector2d( hu, hv); Vector2d t5 = Vector2d( hu+tu, hv); float ex=(dest.right/2)+(origin.x); float ey=(dest.bottom/2)+(origin.y); Vector4d v4Color = Vector4d(color.r,color.g,color.b,color.a); VertexPositionColorTexture vertices[] = { { Vector3d( dest.right-ex, -ey, z),v4Color, t0}, { Vector3d( dest.right-ex, dest.bottom-ey , z),v4Color, t1}, { Vector3d( -ex, dest.bottom-ey , z),v4Color, t2}, { Vector3d( -ex, dest.bottom-ey , z),v4Color, t3}, { Vector3d( -ex, -ey , z),v4Color, t4}, { Vector3d( dest.right-ex, -ey , z),v4Color, t5}, }; auto mp_context = mp_D3D->mp_Context; // Lock the vertex buffer so it can be written to. mp_context->Map(mp_vertexBuffer, 0, D3D11_MAP_WRITE_DISCARD, 0, &mappedResource); // Get a pointer to the data in the vertex buffer. verticesPtr = (VertexPositionColorTexture*)mappedResource.pData; // Copy the data into the vertex buffer. memcpy(verticesPtr, (void*)vertices, (sizeof(VertexPositionColorTexture) * 6)); // Unlock the vertex buffer. mp_context->Unmap(mp_vertexBuffer, 0); //set vertex shader mp_context->IASetVertexBuffers( 0, 1, &mp_vertexBuffer, &TriangleVertexStride, &offset); //set texture mp_context->PSSetShaderResources( 0, 1, &texture->mp_SRV); //set matrix to shader mp_context->UpdateSubresource(mp_matrixBuffer, 0, 0, &spriteMatrix, 0, 0 ); mp_context->VSSetConstantBuffers( 0, 1, &mp_matrixBuffer); //draw sprite mp_context->Draw( 6, 0 ); }

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• SharePoint Apps and Windows Azure

  - by ScottGu

  Last Monday I had an opportunity to present as part of the keynote of this year’s SharePoint Conference.  My segment of the keynote covered the new SharePoint Cloud App Model we are introducing as part of the upcoming SharePoint 2013 and Office 365 releases.  This new app model for SharePoint is additive to the full trust solutions developers write today, and is built around three core tenants: Simplifying the development model and making it consistent between the on-premises version of SharePoint and SharePoint Online provided with Office 365. Making the execution model loosely coupled – and enabling developers to build apps and write code that can run outside of the core SharePoint service. This makes it easy to deploy SharePoint apps using Windows Azure, and avoid having to worry about breaking SharePoint and the apps within it when something is upgraded.  This new loosely coupled model also enables developers to write SharePoint applications that can leverage the full capabilities of the .NET Framework – including ASP.NET Web Forms 4.5, ASP.NET MVC 4, ASP.NET Web API, EF 5, Async, and more. Implementing this loosely coupled model using standard web protocols – like OAuth, JSON, and REST APIs – that enable developers to re-use skills and tools, and easily integrate SharePoint with Web and Mobile application architectures. A video of my talk + demos is now available to watch online: In the talk I walked through building an app from scratch – it showed off how easy it is to build solutions using new SharePoint application, and highlighted a web + workflow + mobile scenario that integrates SharePoint with code hosted on Windows Azure (all built using Visual Studio 2012 and ASP.NET 4.5 – including MVC and Web API). The new SharePoint Cloud App Model is something that I think is pretty exciting, and it is going to make it a lot easier to build SharePoint apps using the full power of both Windows Azure and the .NET Framework.  Using Windows Azure to easily extend SaaS based solutions like Office 365 is also a really natural fit and one that is going to offer a bunch of great developer opportunities.  Hope this helps, Scott  P.S. In addition to blogging, I am also now using Twitter for quick updates and to share links. Follow me at: twitter.com/scottgu

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• Why would the 'show processlist' command speed up normally slow requests to my remote DB? (connected via VPN)

  - by Hakan B.

  I am running a local Django development server that connects to a remote MySQL server via a VPN (IPSec). Request times are awfully slow and I consistently see timeouts. Attempting to diagnose the problem, I logged in to the remote database and ran: show full processlist Immediately, the local server went from idle to working. The page had not yet completely loaded, but progress had been made (debug logs confirm this). When I ran 'show full processlist' several times more in succession, the request completed quickly. I can currently reproduce this - unless I run 'show full processlist' over and over on the remote server, my local request usually times out. Does anyone have any idea why this would happen? I'm running Django 1.3 and OS X 10.7. Note: I realize this may be entirely not be a question with a clear-cut answer and is probably my fault, but it is odd and reproducable, so I hope someone can at least point me the right direction. Thanks in advance.

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• Bulgogi to Beignets

  - by Randy Walker

  While it’s still a full month away, I’m getting super excited about my upcoming trips. May and June are chock full of events, two of which I’ll have full announcements for within the week.  In mid May I’ll be driving to Dallas to take my 2nd trip to Korea (the bulgogi part).  Seeing a bunch of old friends from my first trip as well as taking a week for some deeper personal things. While in my absence, June 1st-4th, I’ve setup a tour across Arkansas and Texas for two Microsoft employees who work on the Visual Studio & Visual Basic team to talk at various user groups and companies.  Look for my announcement within the next couple of days. As soon as I get back from Korea, I’m off to New Orleans!  It’s been years since I’ve been there (pre-Katrina), and I have a hankering for some Beignets and Cafe Ole from Cafe Du Monde.  The big news?  I’m hosting a PARTY on Bourbon Street!  The party will be very exclusive, featuring a crawfish and shrimp boil, various Cajun dishes, and an open bar.  Huge thanks to Infragistics for putting up the initial sponsor money.  See you guys at Microsoft’s TechEd 2010!

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• IIS MIME type for XML content

  - by Rodolfo

  recently a third party plugin I'm using to display online magazines stopped working on mobile devices. According to their help page, this happens for people serving with IIS. Their solution is to set the MIME type .xml to "application/xml". It's by default set to "text/xml". Changing it does work, but would that have unintended side effects or is it actually the correct way and IIS just set it wrong?

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• Auto DOP and Concurrency

  - by jean-pierre.dijcks

  After spending some time in the cloud, I figured it is time to come down to earth and start discussing some of the new Auto DOP features some more. As Database Machines (the v2 machine runs Oracle Database 11.2) are effectively selling like hotcakes, it makes some sense to talk about the new parallel features in more detail. For basic understanding make sure you have read the initial post. The focus there is on Auto DOP and queuing, which is to some extend the focus here. But now I want to discuss the concurrency a little and explain some of the relevant parameters and their impact, specifically in a situation with concurrency on the system. The goal of Auto DOP The idea behind calculating the Automatic Degree of Parallelism is to find the highest possible DOP (ideal DOP) that still scales. In other words, if we were to increase the DOP even more  above a certain DOP we would see a tailing off of the performance curve and the resource cost / performance would become less optimal. Therefore the ideal DOP is the best resource/performance point for that statement. The goal of Queuing On a normal production system we should see statements running concurrently. On a Database Machine we typically see high concurrency rates, so we need to find a way to deal with both high DOP’s and high concurrency. Queuing is intended to make sure we Don’t throttle down a DOP because other statements are running on the system Stay within the physical limits of a system’s processing power Instead of making statements go at a lower DOP we queue them to make sure they will get all the resources they want to run efficiently without trashing the system. The theory – and hopefully – practice is that by giving a statement the optimal DOP the sum of all statements runs faster with queuing than without queuing. Increasing the Number of Potential Parallel Statements To determine how many statements we will consider running in parallel a single parameter should be looked at. That parameter is called PARALLEL_MIN_TIME_THRESHOLD. The default value is set to 10 seconds. So far there is nothing new here…, but do realize that anything serial (e.g. that stays under the threshold) goes straight into processing as is not considered in the rest of this post. Now, if you have a system where you have two groups of queries, serial short running and potentially parallel long running ones, you may want to worry only about the long running ones with this parallel statement threshold. As an example, lets assume the short running stuff runs on average between 1 and 15 seconds in serial (and the business is quite happy with that). The long running stuff is in the realm of 1 – 5 minutes. It might be a good choice to set the threshold to somewhere north of 30 seconds. That way the short running queries all run serial as they do today (if it ain’t broken, don’t fix it) and allows the long running ones to be evaluated for (higher degrees of) parallelism. This makes sense because the longer running ones are (at least in theory) more interesting to unleash a parallel processing model on and the benefits of running these in parallel are much more significant (again, that is mostly the case). Setting a Maximum DOP for a Statement Now that you know how to control how many of your statements are considered to run in parallel, lets talk about the specific degree of any given statement that will be evaluated. As the initial post describes this is controlled by PARALLEL_DEGREE_LIMIT. This parameter controls the degree on the entire cluster and by default it is CPU (meaning it equals Default DOP). For the sake of an example, let’s say our Default DOP is 32. Looking at our 5 minute queries from the previous paragraph, the limit to 32 means that none of the statements that are evaluated for Auto DOP ever runs at more than DOP of 32. Concurrently Running a High DOP A basic assumption about running high DOP statements at high concurrency is that you at some point in time (and this is true on any parallel processing platform!) will run into a resource limitation. And yes, you can then buy more hardware (e.g. expand the Database Machine in Oracle’s case), but that is not the point of this post… The goal is to find a balance between the highest possible DOP for each statement and the number of statements running concurrently, but with an emphasis on running each statement at that highest efficiency DOP. The PARALLEL_SERVER_TARGET parameter is the all important concurrency slider here. Setting this parameter to a higher number means more statements get to run at their maximum parallel degree before queuing kicks in.  PARALLEL_SERVER_TARGET is set per instance (so needs to be set to the same value on all 8 nodes in a full rack Database Machine). Just as a side note, this parameter is set in processes, not in DOP, which equates to 4* Default DOP (2 processes for a DOP, default value is 2 * Default DOP, hence a default of 4 * Default DOP). Let’s say we have PARALLEL_SERVER_TARGET set to 128. With our limit set to 32 (the default) we are able to run 4 statements concurrently at the highest DOP possible on this system before we start queuing. If these 4 statements are running, any next statement will be queued. To run a system at high concurrency the PARALLEL_SERVER_TARGET should be raised from its default to be much closer (start with 60% or so) to PARALLEL_MAX_SERVERS. By using both PARALLEL_SERVER_TARGET and PARALLEL_DEGREE_LIMIT you can control easily how many statements run concurrently at good DOPs without excessive queuing. Because each workload is a little different, it makes sense to plan ahead and look at these parameters and set these based on your requirements.

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• Implementing an Interceptor Using NHibernate’s Built In Dynamic Proxy Generator

  - by Ricardo Peres

  NHibernate 3.2 came with an included proxy generator, which means there is no longer the need – or the possibility, for that matter – to choose Castle DynamicProxy, LinFu or Spring. This is actually a good thing, because it means one less assembly to deploy. Apparently, this generator was based, at least partially, on LinFu. As there are not many tutorials out there demonstrating it’s usage, here’s one, for demonstrating one of the most requested features: implementing INotifyPropertyChanged. This interceptor, of course, will still feature all of NHibernate’s functionalities that you are used to, such as lazy loading, and such. We will start by implementing an NHibernate interceptor, by inheriting from the base class NHibernate.EmptyInterceptor. This class does not do anything by itself, but it allows us to plug in behavior by overriding some of its methods, in this case, Instantiate: 1: public class NotifyPropertyChangedInterceptor : EmptyInterceptor 2: { 3: private ISession session = null; 4:  5: private static readonly ProxyFactory factory = new ProxyFactory(); 6:  7: public override void SetSession(ISession session) 8: { 9: this.session = session; 10: base.SetSession(session); 11: } 12:  13: public override Object Instantiate(String clazz, EntityMode entityMode, Object id) 14: { 15: Type entityType = Type.GetType(clazz); 16: IProxy proxy = factory.CreateProxy(entityType, new _NotifyPropertyChangedInterceptor(), typeof(INotifyPropertyChanged)) as IProxy; 17: 18: _NotifyPropertyChangedInterceptor interceptor = proxy.Interceptor as _NotifyPropertyChangedInterceptor; 19: interceptor.Proxy = this.session.SessionFactory.GetClassMetadata(entityType).Instantiate(id, entityMode); 20:  21: this.session.SessionFactory.GetClassMetadata(entityType).SetIdentifier(proxy, id, entityMode); 22:  23: return (proxy); 24: } 25: } Then we need a class that implements the NHibernate dynamic proxy behavior, let’s place it inside our interceptor, because it will only need to be used there: 1: class _NotifyPropertyChangedInterceptor : NHibernate.Proxy.DynamicProxy.IInterceptor 2: { 3: private PropertyChangedEventHandler changed = delegate { }; 4:  5: public Object Proxy 6: { 7: get; 8: set;} 9:  10: #region IInterceptor Members 11:  12: public Object Intercept(InvocationInfo info) 13: { 14: Boolean isSetter = info.TargetMethod.Name.StartsWith("set_") == true; 15: Object result = null; 16:  17: if (info.TargetMethod.Name == "add_PropertyChanged") 18: { 19: PropertyChangedEventHandler propertyChangedEventHandler = info.Arguments[0] as PropertyChangedEventHandler; 20: this.changed += propertyChangedEventHandler; 21: } 22: else if (info.TargetMethod.Name == "remove_PropertyChanged") 23: { 24: PropertyChangedEventHandler propertyChangedEventHandler = info.Arguments[0] as PropertyChangedEventHandler; 25: this.changed -= propertyChangedEventHandler; 26: } 27: else 28: { 29: result = info.TargetMethod.Invoke(this.Proxy, info.Arguments); 30: } 31:  32: if (isSetter == true) 33: { 34: String propertyName = info.TargetMethod.Name.Substring("set_".Length); 35: this.changed(this.Proxy, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName)); 36: } 37:  38: return (result); 39: } 40:  41: #endregion 42: } What this does for every interceptable method (those who are either virtual or from the INotifyPropertyChanged) is: For methods that came from the INotifyPropertyChanged interface, add_PropertyChanged and remove_PropertyChanged (yes, events are methods ), we add an implementation that adds or removes the event handlers to the delegate which we declared as changed; For all the others, we direct them to the place where they are actually implemented, which is the Proxy field; If the call is setting a property, it fires afterwards the PropertyChanged event. In order to use this, we need to add the interceptor to the Configuration before building the ISessionFactory: 1: using (ISessionFactory factory = cfg.SetInterceptor(new NotifyPropertyChangedInterceptor()).BuildSessionFactory()) 2: { 3: using (ISession session = factory.OpenSession()) 4: using (ITransaction tx = session.BeginTransaction()) 5: { 6: Customer customer = session.Get<Customer>(100); //some id 7: INotifyPropertyChanged inpc = customer as INotifyPropertyChanged; 8: inpc.PropertyChanged += delegate(Object sender, PropertyChangedEventArgs e) 9: { 10: //fired when a property changes 11: }; 12: customer.Address = "some other address"; //will raise PropertyChanged 13: customer.RecentOrders.ToList(); //will trigger the lazy loading 14: } 15: } Any problems, questions, do drop me a line!

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• WLST Script changing logfile location

  - by JuergenKress

  by Marc Keldermann Twitter & LinkedIn While I was migrating Forms6i to Forms11g patch set #5, the configuration tool of Forms11g is a bit strict. In the silent install it is not possible to set de locations of the log files. Here is the script that will set new filename locations of all the Managed Server s and Admin Server in the domain. It also set the filename location of all the ODL logging. Read the full article by Marc. WebLogic Partner Community For regular information become a member in the WebLogic Partner Community please visit: http://www.oracle.com/partners/goto/wls-emea ( OPN account required). If you need support with your account please contact the Oracle Partner Business Center. Blog Twitter LinkedIn Mix Forum Wiki Technorati Tags: WLST script,Marc Keldermann,WebLogic,WebLogic Community,Oracle,OPN,Jürgen Kress

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• Liskov Substitution Principle and the Oft Forgot Third Wheel

  - by Stacy Vicknair

  Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP) is a principle of object oriented programming that many might be familiar with from the SOLID principles mnemonic from Uncle Bob Martin. The principle highlights the relationship between a type and its subtypes, and, according to Wikipedia, is defined by Barbara Liskov and Jeanette Wing as the following principle:   Let be a property provable about objects of type . Then should be provable for objects of type where is a subtype of .   Rectangles gonna rectangulate The iconic example of this principle is illustrated with the relationship between a rectangle and a square. Let’s say we have a class named Rectangle that had a property to set width and a property to set its height. 1: Public Class Rectangle 2: Overridable Property Width As Integer 3: Overridable Property Height As Integer 4: End Class   We all at some point here that inheritance mocks an “IS A” relationship, and by gosh we all know square IS A rectangle. So let’s make a square class that inherits from rectangle. However, squares do maintain the same length on every side, so let’s override and add that behavior. 1: Public Class Square 2: Inherits Rectangle 3:  4: Private _sideLength As Integer 5:  6: Public Overrides Property Width As Integer 7: Get 8: Return _sideLength 9: End Get 10: Set(value As Integer) 11: _sideLength = value 12: End Set 13: End Property 14:  15: Public Overrides Property Height As Integer 16: Get 17: Return _sideLength 18: End Get 19: Set(value As Integer) 20: _sideLength = value 21: End Set 22: End Property 23: End Class   Now, say we had the following test: 1: Public Sub SetHeight_DoesNotAffectWidth(rectangle As Rectangle) 2: 'arrange 3: Dim expectedWidth = 4 4: rectangle.Width = 4 5:  6: 'act 7: rectangle.Height = 7 8:  9: 'assert 10: Assert.AreEqual(expectedWidth, rectangle.Width) 11: End Sub   If we pass in a rectangle, this test passes just fine. What if we pass in a square?   This is where we see the violation of Liskov’s Principle! A square might "IS A” to a rectangle, but we have differing expectations on how a rectangle should function than how a square should! Great expectations Here’s where we pat ourselves on the back and take a victory lap around the office and tell everyone about how we understand LSP like a boss. And all is good… until we start trying to apply it to our work. If I can’t even change functionality on a simple setter without breaking the expectations on a parent class, what can I do with subtyping? Did Liskov just tell me to never touch subtyping again? The short answer: NO, SHE DIDN’T. When I first learned LSP, and from those I’ve talked with as well, I overlooked a very important but not appropriately stressed quality of the principle: our expectations. Our inclination is to want a logical catch-all, where we can easily apply this principle and wipe our hands, drop the mic and exit stage left. That’s not the case because in every different programming scenario, our expectations of the parent class or type will be different. We have to set reasonable expectations on the behaviors that we expect out of the parent, then make sure that those expectations are met by the child. Any expectations not explicitly expected of the parent aren’t expected of the child either, and don’t register as a violation of LSP that prevents implementation. You can see the flexibility mentioned in the Wikipedia article itself: A typical example that violates LSP is a Square class that derives from a Rectangle class, assuming getter and setter methods exist for both width and height. The Square class always assumes that the width is equal with the height. If a Square object is used in a context where a Rectangle is expected, unexpected behavior may occur because the dimensions of a Square cannot (or rather should not) be modified independently. This problem cannot be easily fixed: if we can modify the setter methods in the Square class so that they preserve the Square invariant (i.e., keep the dimensions equal), then these methods will weaken (violate) the postconditions for the Rectangle setters, which state that dimensions can be modified independently. Violations of LSP, like this one, may or may not be a problem in practice, depending on the postconditions or invariants that are actually expected by the code that uses classes violating LSP. Mutability is a key issue here. If Square and Rectangle had only getter methods (i.e., they were immutable objects), then no violation of LSP could occur. What this means is that the above situation with a rectangle and a square can be acceptable if we do not have the expectation for width to leave height unaffected, or vice-versa, in our application. Conclusion – the oft forgot third wheel Liskov Substitution Principle is meant to act as a guidance and warn us against unexpected behaviors. Objects can be stateful and as a result we can end up with unexpected situations if we don’t code carefully. Specifically when subclassing, make sure that the subclass meets the expectations held to its parent. Don’t let LSP think you cannot deviate from the behaviors of the parent, but understand that LSP is meant to highlight the importance of not only the parent and the child class, but also of the expectations WE set for the parent class and the necessity of meeting those expectations in order to help prevent sticky situations.   Code examples, in both VB and C# Technorati Tags: LSV,Liskov Substitution Principle,Uncle Bob,Robert Martin,Barbara Liskov,Liskov

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• Calculating Screen Resolutions Using WPF

  - by Jeff Ferguson

  WPF measures all elements in device independent pixels (DIPs). These DIPs equate to device pixels if the current display monitor is set to the default of 96 DPI. However, for monitors set to a DPI setting that is different than 96 DPI, then WPF DIPs will not correspond directly to monitor pixels. Consider, for example, the WPF properties SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenHeight and SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenWidth. If your monitor resolution is set to 1024 pixels wide by 768 pixels high, and your monitor is set to 96 DPI, then WPF will report the value of SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenHeight as 768 and the value of SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenWidth as 1024. No problem. This aligns nicely because the WPF device independent pixel value (96) matches your monitor's DPI setting (96). However, if your monitor is not set to display pixels at 96 DPI, then SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenHeight and SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenWidth will not return what you expect. The values returned by these properties may be greater than or less than what you expect, depending on whether or not your monitor's DPI value is less than or greater than 96. Since the SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenHeight and SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenWidth properties are WPF properties, their values are measured in WPF DIPs, rather than taking monitor DPI into effect. Once again: WPF measures all elements in device independent pixels (DIPs). To combat this issue, you must take your monitor's DPI settings into effect if you're looking for the monitor's width and height using the monitor's DPI settings. The handy code block below will help you calculate these values regardless of the DPI setting on your monitor: Window MainWindow = Application.Current.MainWindow; PresentationSource MainWindowPresentationSource = PresentationSource.FromVisual(MainWindow); Matrix m = MainWindowPresentationSource.CompositionTarget.TransformToDevice; DpiWidthFactor = m.M11; DpiHeightFactor = m.M22; double ScreenHeight = SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenHeight * DpiHeightFactor; double ScreenWidth = SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenWidth * DpiWidthFactor; The values of ScreenHeight and ScreenWidth should, after this code is executed, match the resolution that you see in the display's Properties window.

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• SOLVED Install MythTV & 11.10 on Lenovo S12 (Intel atom) with wireless

  - by keepitsimpleengineer

  This is how I installed Ubuntu 11.10 and MythTV client on my Lenovo S12 (Intel Atom) laptop and use it using WiFi (see additional notes at end). I did this because the upgrade from 11.04 bricked the laptop. Note that the partitions on the Lenovo standard disk were already in place for this installation. Also note that my LAN is setup for fixed IP addresses. Downloaded and burned 11.10 x86 Desktop Ubuntu CD Connected the power supply cord, LAN wire and the external DVD USB drive. Ran Windows XP and made sure performance level "Performance" was set and "Wireless" was enabled. Booted S12 from CD Disabled Networking from icon on upper left panel icon Edited Connections… "Wired connection 1" ? Set IP address, accepted default netmask and set gateway. Also set DNS server. Good idea to check "Connection Information" here to verify everything's O.K. Selected Install Ubuntu from the initial "Install" window Verified the three items were checked (required disk space available, plugged into a power source, & connected to the Internet) Selected Download updates while installing and third party software. Hit Continue… At wireless selected don't want to connect…WiFi…now. Continue… At Installation type, selected Something else. Continue… At partition tale, selected the ext4 Linux partition, set the mount point as "/", and marked for formatting. Here I selected the main disk (/sda) for installing the boot manager. Continue… Selected or verified my Time zone. Continue… Selected my keyboard layout. Continue… Filled in the who are you fields. Make sure password is required to sign in is checked. Continue… Chose a picture. Continue… I selected import no accounts. Continue… Wait as the Install creeps along. If your screen goes blank, tap the space bar ? apparently the screen saver/power plan does this. There are several progress bars. The longest was "Installing system", and it was the next to the last one. Installation Complete window appears, Restart Now… Wait as it stops, The screen blanks then the message "…remove…media…close tray…press enter" I just unplugged the USB DVD and hit enter… It was disheartening but the screen turned Ubuntu Purple-beige and nothing happened, so I help down the power key until it shut down, the pressed it again and the Grub Boot screen appeared. Select Ubuntu… 25.The screen went blank with the little flashing underscore cursor on it and the disk light would occasionally flash. I hit the enter key and eventuality Ubuntu started. After a somewhat long time the unity desktop appeared. 11.10, unlike earlier versions, retains the connection information. Check this by checking the network icon on the upper left applet panel. Here the touch-pad·mouse quit working and I had to reboot. It takes and extremely long time to boot, sometimes requiring several power off/ power on (cold boot). You can try to get the default network manager to work, but it might not, it didn't on mine for WiFi. Thanks to: Chris at URL here's what to do… disconnect your wired Internet connection. input your wireless information into network manager open a terminal (unity dash, top of icon totem, open, and make sure the ruler&pen icon on the bottom is selected, 2nd from left) type in "terminal". Might be a good idea to drag and drop the terminal icon to the terminal, it's easy to get rid of later. click to open a terminal, and type in: sudo rmmod acer_wmi && echo "blacklist acer_wmi" >> /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf and hit enter. type in your password as asked. if you have correctly entered your WiFi information and you are near your AP, you should connect immediately if not, see the URL above ? you might need to replace "network manager" with "wicd" ? I did with 11.04. Update the new 11.10, in the upper left panel applet weird·gear icon is menu with a line about updating. It's the new way to invoke Update Manager. Your lenovo S12 (intel atom) should now run the new unity Ubuntu. Point your elbow at the ceiling and pat yourself on the back. Installing Mythbuntu Client 24.1 Open mythbuntu.org/repos (I urge you not to directly use Ubuntu Software Center for this) Install Mythbuntu Repos Save the file (in ~/Downloads, the default) Run the file ? it will update your repositories so that you will get the proper installation sources ? it will start Ubuntu Software Center to do this ? Click Install… You will need your password. Debconf window will open, select by making sure check mark is in the little box "Would you like to activate…". Forward… Which version? At the time of writing the current "Stable" version was 24.1, select 0.24.x… Forward… Read the message, then forward… Delete the downloaded file. Install synaptic (unity dash, top of icon totem, open, and make sure the ruler&pen icon on the bottom is selected, 2nd from left) type in "synaptic". Click on the synaptic icon. Ubuntu Software Center will open and allow you to install synaptic package manager. Open Synaptic (unity dash, top of icon totem, open, and make sure the ruler&pen icon on the bottom is selected, 2nd from left) type in "Synaptic". Might be a good idea to drag and drop the terminal icon to the terminal, it's easy to get rid of later. Run synaptic, read the intro, and close the intro window. Type in mythbuntu-control-centre in the Quick filter text box, and then select it "Mark for installation" by clicking on the box next to it's name. Marvel at the additional to be installed items, then select "?Mark"… At the top of the synaptic window click on the "? Apply" button. Marvel at the amount of stuff to be installed, the click on "Apply". When finished, close finished window and synaptic. Open mythbuntu-control-centre (unity dash, top of icon totem, open, and make sure the ruler&pen icon on the bottom is selected, 2nd from left) type in "mythbuntu". Might be a good idea to drag and drop the mythbuntu-control-centre icon to the terminal, it's easy to get rid of later. You can now configure and install the frontend. Go down the icon totem on the right side of the window and click as needed… System roles. ? No Backend, Desktop Frontend, and Ubuntu Desktop. Apply… & Apply changes… & Password… MySQL Configuration ? from backend ? Setup General Alt-N(ext) Alt-N(ext) Stetting Access Setup PIN code: ~~~~ Input Security key and click "Test Connection", if ?, then Apply… & Apply… {note: for some inexplicable reason, control centre hung on this, but when I restarted it, it was set properly} Graphics drivers, When I did this, only the Broadcom wireless driver showed up. I closed without doing anything. Services. I enabled SSH & Samba. Apply… & Apply… Repositories. Asked & Answered. MythExport. Pass, I believe it requires backend on the same system. Proprietary Codec Support. Check to enable, Apply… & Apply… System Updates. No action necessary, will be a part of the Ubuntu update mechanism. Themes and Artwork. For themes, I selected Enable/Update all. Apply… & Apply… Infrared & Startup behavior and Plugins. Defer until you know more. Close software centre. Open mythTV (unity dash, top of icon totem, open, and make sure the ruler&pen icon on the bottom is selected, 2nd from left) type in "mythTV". Might be a good idea to drag and drop the mythTV icon to the terminal, it's easy to get rid of later. Incorrect Group Membership. Fix this by clicking "Yes"… Log out/end. Do this by clicking "Yes"… For my Lenovo S12, I had to manually restart Ubuntu - and still with the very long restart…/no start/cold boot/reboot/pressing the shift key required Open mythTV (unity dash, top of icon totem, open, and make sure the ruler&pen icon on the bottom is selected, 2nd from left) type in "mythTV". Might be a good idea to drag and drop the mythTV icon to the terminal, it's easy to get rid of later. Will open with Select country & language. Do so. then get message with "No", hit "Ok" and arrive at the data base Configuration 1/2 screen. You will need your brackend password, from backend ? Setup General Database Configuration 1/2 Password:~? Enter this Hit Alt-n to go to the next page. Select "Use custom id…", then enter a custom ID, I use the machine's name. Hit finish, and MythTV should start up with all default settings. For the lenovo S12, the first thing you want to do is to set Playback profiles to "Normal". From Setup TV Settings Playback Alt-N(ext) Alt-N(ext) Playback Profiles (3/8) : Change Current Video Playback Profile to "Normal". You can fiddle with this setting later. For the lenovo S12, the second thing is to get the sound going. From Setup General Alt-N(ext) Alt-N(ext) Alt-N(ext) Audio System: The top of the screen is a button title "Scan for audio devices", move the highlight there and press the Space bar. Then Tab down to Audio Output Device: and left-right arrow until "ALSA:hw:Card=Intel,DEV=0" is selected. Then Alt-N(ext) until "Finish". Now you should have sound. You should now have MythTV working nicely on the Lenovo S12 Notes about wireless: Running Lenovo S12 on wireless is demanding on both power and WiFi connection. Best results will be obtained when running on power and wired connection. I run my S12 on wireless, actually two serial connections with two access points, something that is not easy to achieve. Here Mythbuntu client-server (in den) <? wireless link 1 <?office LAN? wireless link 2 <? Lenovo S12 Ubuntu 11.10 The office LAN is fixed IP behind an Untangle firewall router. There is another MythTV client on Ubuntu 10.10 computer in the office (which has always worked well). ProblemMythbuntu\Win7 client hangs with frozen frames, short segment of audio repeating. Hardware Rosewill RNX-G300EX IEEE 802.11b/g PCI Wireless Card on client-server 2 Linksys WRT54GL wireless broadband routers on LAN for link1 and link 2 WRT54GL FirmwareDD-WRT v24-sp2(07/22/09) voip set up to act as an access point. Note? many people advised this was an unworkable scheme, and in probably most cases it will be. Solution? Set up DD-WRT with the following Wireless settings… Basic Channel: Different fixed channels at least 4 difference, I use 6 & 11 Basic Sensitivity Range (ACK timing): 50 MAC filter use filter: Enable, Selected Permit only clients listed to access… Requires adding MAC addresses in "Edit MAC Filter List" This causes the 54GL's to ignore any but the listed MAC address, down side, no "guest" capability. Advanced Basic rate: All Advanced CTS Protection Mode: Off Advanced Frame Burst: Enable Advanced Max associate clients: 4 for client link 2, 1 for client-server link 1 Advanced AP isolation: Enable Advanced Preamble: Short Advanced Afterburner: On Advanced Wireless GUI access: Off Advanced WMM support: Off Other settings: default for supplied firmware. Why I suspect this worked? The 54GL Access Points's with the firmware's setting are set to handle a multiple client, wide area situation. With these mods I reconfigured them for a small area, few client situation, disabling Advanced WMM probably the most important. In addition, the client mythtv when used all other users of its access point are turned off except for a Skype phone. Also, the client-server is set up to allow other connections though it's LAN connection, and these are used to connect the TV and disc players, not used when client is being used.

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• "Never hide" Unity launcher via CCSM & gconf doesn't work

  - by Jim Holman

  All: I am running Unity 3D and I want to set my launcher to never hide. I first ran ccsm, and set "Hide Launcher" to "Never". I rebooted then logged back in and it was still auto-hiding. I then ran gconf-editor, I navigated to /apps/compiz-1/plugins/unityshell/screen0/options and then set launcher_hide_mode to 0. I again rebooted and logged back in. The launcher is still auto-hiding. Checking gconf-editor, launcher_hide_mode is set to 0, but this setting isn't active however. What can I do to get the launcher to Never hide? Thanks, Jim

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• How do i use a USB wifi device properly?

  - by acidzombie24

  I'll just say a few random things One usb wifi device i notice only worked when it plugged into my usb hub Another one worked but couldnt get full speed. It came with an extention cord and when i had it a few feet away i was able to (usually) get full speed I had a wifi card in a tower in the past and just about all laptops have it built in How do i use a USB wifi adapter properly? The first device didnt come with an extention cord and made no mention of bringing it away from the computer. When someone else tested the device he said he was getting full speed while it was plugged into his tower so i was pretty surpised. How do i use USB wifi devices properly?

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• Exporting SWF With Transparent Background For Scaleform/UDK

  - by Alex Shepard

  After looking all over in the UDN and forums I have yet to find a solution for this: I am currently using Flash CS3 and Actionscript 2.0 to build my scaleform menus and I can use them in the UDK. For various reasons I can't use the handy plugin Autodesk supplies to enable this export so I publish my flash documents to swf the old fassioned way and manually use the gfxexport.exe tool to get my .gfx file. I can then import into the UDK the normal way. My problem is that the flash movies that I import will not alpha blend even if the material is set to blend in the alpha channel of the target render texture. My project images are set up to export properly. My classpath for Actionscript 2.0 is set to the correct location. My HTML publish settings have window mode set to Transparent Windowless. Is it possible to export without the scaleform flash extension and still get the desired effects and if so how might I do so? Am I merely missing something from my project setup?

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• How to use Ajax : CollapsiblePanelExtender in ASP.NET

  - by SAMIR BHOGAYTA

  //It is simple method, Other properties will be set which you want Step 1: Take one panel and all the content you want to collapse put into this panel. Step 2: Set the Collapsed Property true. Step 3: ExpandControlID/CollapseControlID : The Controls that will expand or collapse the panel on a click, respectively. If these values are the same, the panel will automatically toggle its state on each click. Step 4: TargetControlID is PanelID Step 5: Select Panel and Set the Property SuppressPostBack="True"

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• Two-state script monitor not auto-resolving in SCOM

  - by DeliriumTremens

  This script runs, and if it returns 'erro' an alert is generated in SCOM. The alert is set to resolve when the monitor returns to healthy state. I have tested the script with cscript and it returns the correct values in each state. I'm baffled as to why it generates an alert on 'erro' but will not auto-resolve on 'ok': Option Explicit On Error Resume Next Dim objFSO Dim TargetFile Dim objFile Dim oAPI, oBag Dim StateDataType Dim FileSize Set oAPI = CreateObject("MOM.ScriptAPI") Set oBag = oAPI.CreatePropertyBag() TargetFile = "\\server\share\file.zip" Set objFSO = CreateObject("scripting.filesystemobject") Set objFile = objFSO.GetFile(TargetFile) FileSize = objFile.Size / 1024 If FileSize < 140000 Then Call oBag.AddValue("State", "erro") Else Call oBag.AddValue("State", "ok") End If Call oAPI.AddItem(oBag) Call oAPI.Return(oBag) Unhealthy expression: Property[@Name='State'] Equals erro Health expression: Property[@Name='State'] Equals ok If anyone can shed some light onto what I might be missing, that would be great!

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