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  • Correct approach to validate attributes of an instance of class

    - by systempuntoout
    Having a simple Python class like this: class Spam(object): __init__(self, description, value): self.description = description self.value = value Which is the correct approach to check these constraints: "description cannot be empty" "value must be greater than zero" Should i: 1.validate data before creating spam object ? 2.check data on __init__ method ? 3.create an is_valid method on Spam class and call it with spam.isValid() ? 4.create an is_valid static method on Spam class and call it with Spam.isValid(description, value) ? 5.check data on setters declaration ? 6.... Could you recommend a well designed\Pythonic\not verbose (on class with many attributes)\elegant approach?

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  • making a programming language

    - by None
    I was wondering which way would create a faster programming language, because I have tried both. Writing code that takes the text, splits it by whitespace or newlines or something, then processes each line and has a dictionary for variables. Or writing code that takes text and converts it to another programming language. This is an example of how a very simple version of the first way would be programmed in python: def run(code): text = code.split(";") for t in text: if t == "hello": print "hi" second: def run(code): rcode = "" text = code.split(";") for t in text: if t == "hello": rcode += "print 'hi'"

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  • How can I evaluate variable to another variable before assigning?

    - by HH
    #!/usr/bin/python # # Description: trying to evaluate array -value to variable before assignment # but it overwrites the variable # # How can I evaluate before assigning on the line 16? #Initialization, dummy code? x=0 y=0 variables = [x, y] data = ['2,3,4', '5,5,6'] # variables[0] should be evaluted to `x` here, i.e. x = data[0], how? variables[0] = data[0] if ( variables[0] != x ): print("It does not work, why?"); else: print("It works!");

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  • Installing OSQA on windows(Local system)

    - by Pankaj Khurana
    Hi I want to install osqa on windows local system for this i have downloaded bitnami-djangostack-1.1.1-2-windows-installer.exe which has in built django,python,mysql & apache. I have run a django example given on the django website. Its working fine. But i am confused how to install osqa. I have downloaded the source code available on osqa site and readed the installation instruction(requires django 1.1.1). But how to make it working? Please help me on this Thanks

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  • Are there libraries or techniques for collecting and weighing keywords from a block of text?

    - by Soviut
    I have a field in my database that can contain large blocks of text. I need to make this searchable but don't have the ability to use full text searching. Instead, on update, I want my business layer to process the block of text and extract keywords from it which I can save as searchable metadata. Ideally, these keywords could then be weighed based on the number of times they appear in the block of text. Naturally, words like "the", "and", "of", etc. should be discarded as they just add a lot of noise to the search. Are there tools or libraries in Python that can do this filtering or should I roll my own?

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  • How to find hidden properties/methods in Javascript objects?

    - by ramanujan
    I would like to automatically determine all of the properties (including the hidden ones) in a given Javascript object, via a generalization of this function: function keys(obj) { var ll = []; for(var pp in obj) { ll.push(pp); } return ll; } This works for user defined objects but fails for many builtins: repl> keys({"a":10,"b":2}); // ["a","b"] repl> keys(Math) // returns nothing! Basically, I'd like to write equivalents of Python's dir() and help(), which are really useful in exploring new objects. My understanding is that only the builtin objects have hidden properties (user code evidently can't set the "enumerable" property till HTML5), so one possibility is to simply hardcode the properties of Math, String, etc. into a dir() equivalent (using the lists such as those here). But is there a better way?

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  • averaging matrix efficiently

    - by user248237
    in Python, given an n x p matrix, e.g. 4 x 4, how can I return a matrix that's 4 x 2 that simply averages the first two columns and the last two columns for all 4 rows of the matrix? e.g. given: a = array([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 11, 12], [13, 14, 15, 16]]) return a matrix that has the average of a[:, 0] and a[:, 1] and the average of a[:, 2] and a[:, 3]. I want this to work for an arbitrary matrix of n x p assuming that the number of columns I am averaging of n is obviously evenly divisible by n. let me clarify: for each row, I want to take the average of the first two columns, then the average of the last two columns. So it would be: 1 + 2 / 2, 3 + 4 / 2 <- row 1 of new matrix 5 + 6 / 2, 7 + 8 / 2 <- row 2 of new matrix, etc. which should yield a 4 by 2 matrix rather than 4 x 4. thanks.

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  • sqlite3.OperationalError

    - by fixxxer
    Hi, The "python manage.py syncdb" command is giving me the following error: sqlite3.OperationalError: unable to open database file I'm following the step by step instructions in Practical Django Projects, so I think this has to do something with the Windows Operating system acting quirky! Things I've checkde: 1.The path is updated in settings.py is absolutely correcto! 2. Path is : C:\Documents and Settings\fixavier\Desktop\Django\Database\cms\cms.txt So the entire folder - Database, has sharing and security permissions. I'm pretty much at the bottom of the ocean for not being able to follow and successfully execute simple instructions, so could you please help me out here!

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  • send commands to a backgrounded jobs stdin

    - by dpcd
    I have a java server application that, when its running, you can interact with it sending commands via stdin. I want to write a web interface that can send these commands to it. In order to do that I need some way of getting commands from php to the stdin for this backgrounded job. Is there a way to do this from console? or possibly write some kind of wrapper that controls the server job and can access its stdin ? could this be done in python?

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  • Matching id's in BeautifulSoup

    - by Ockonal
    Hello, I'm using BeautifulSoup - python module. I have to find any reference to the div's with id like: 'post-#'. For example: <div id="post-45">...</div> <div id="post-334">...</div> How can I filter this? html = '<div id="post-45">...</div> <div id="post-334">...</div>' soupHandler = BeautifulSoup(html) print soupHandler.findAll('div', id='post-*') > []

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  • Twisted Matrix and telnet server implementation

    - by ypercube
    I have a project which is essentially a game server where users connect and send text commands via telnet. The code is in C and really old and unmodular and has several bugs and missing features. The main function alone is half the code. I came to the conclusion that rewriting it in TwistedMachine could actually result in faster completement, besides other benefits. So, here is the questions: What packages and modules I should use? I see a "telnet" module inside "protocols" package. I also see "cronch" package with "ssh" and another "telnet" module. I'm a complete novice regarding Python.

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  • Giving users a "reputation system" - Should I... ?

    - by RadiantHex
    Hi folks, I'm thinking of adding a reputation system to a web application, the site is already being used so I'm trying to be careful about my choices. I'm developing in Django/Python, thought this would be important. Reputation is generated in all actions that contribute to the site, similar to Stackoverflow's system. I know there are literally millions of ways of implementing this, and this is why I feel quite lost. Two alternatives I am not sure about are: Keep track of reasons why reputation was incremented Ignore reasons in order to reduce complexity of the site and overhead Would be happy with a few pointers, and directions. Would be very much appreciated!

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  • AppEngine Outage? What's happening?

    - by Albert
    I'm getting a lot of 500 errors recently (both static and dynamic requests). Making my application unavailable. The logs say the following: A problem was encountered with the process that handled this request, causing it to exit. This is likely to cause a new process to be used for the next request to your application. (Error code 121) The same code has been working well for quite some time. What's happening now? I'm using the High Replication Datastore and Python 2.5.

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  • How to reduce latency of data sent through a REST api

    - by Sid
    I have an application which obtains data in JSON format from one of our other servers. The problem I am facing is, there is is significant delay when when requesting for this information. Since a lot of data is passed (approx 1000 records per request where each record is pretty huge) is there a way that compression would help reducing the speed. If so which compression scheme would you recommend. I read on another thread that they pattern of data also matters a lot on they type of compression that needs to be used. The pattern of data is consistent and resembles the following :desc=>some_description :url=>some_url :content=>some_content :score=>some_score :more_attributes=>more_data Can someone recommend a solution to how I could reduce this delay. They delay is approx 6-8 seconds. I'm using Ruby on Rails to develop this application and the server providing the data uses Python for the most part.

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  • creating events in my classes, and allowing others to hook into them in my django app

    - by Blankman
    I want to create events for my classes. Say I create a CMS application that has a Article object. I create events like: OnEdit OnCreate OnDelete PreCreate PreDelete Now I want someone to be able to hook into these events, and add their custom functionality at each event they wish. I don't want them touching the core source code, so they would have to wire these custom methods to fire somewhere else. I'm new to both python and django so please be as detailed as possible if you can.

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  • What host do I have to bind a listening socket to?

    - by herrturtur
    I used python's socket module and tried to open a listening socket using import socket import sys def getServerSocket(host, port): for r in socket.getaddrinfo(host, port, socket.AF_UNSPEC, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 0, socket.AI_PASSIVE): af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = r try: s = socket.socket(af, socktype, proto) except socket.error, msg: s = None continue try: s.bind(sa) s.listen(1) except socket.error, msg: s.close() s = None continue break if s is None: print 'could not open socket' sys.exit(1) return s Where host was None and port was 15000. The program would then accept connections, but only from connections on the same machine. What do I have to do to accept connections from the internet?

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  • Capture subprocess output

    - by schneck
    Hi there, I learned that when executing commands in Python, I should use subprocess. What I'm trying to achieve is to encode a file via ffmpeg and observe the program output until the file is done. Ffmpeg logs the progress to stderr. If I try something like this: child = subprocess.Popen(command, shell=True, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) complete = False while not complete: stderr = child.communicate() # Get progress print "Progress here later" if child.poll() is not None: complete = True time.sleep(2) the programm does not continue after calling child.communicate() and waits for the command to complete. Is there any other way to follow the output?

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  • Some confusion with a class variable, but with a twist...

    - by Omega
    I have a class called MyPackage.WebServer and it has a property called DBEngine. I am also dynamically loading a module and class using load_module. Inside this class, it attempts to reference MyPackage.WebServer. When it does though, DBEngine is not set to the value given when WebServer is instantiated. It's the default (None). Would the fact that I'm using load_module cause a different object graph to be created and thus isolate my dynamically loaded class from the rest of my python app?

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  • remove the spaces...

    - by tekknolagi
    !/usr/bin/python import random lower_a = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z'] upper_a = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z'] num = ['0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9'] all = [] all = " ".join("".join(lower_a) + "".join(upper_a) + "".join(num)) all = all.split() x = 0 while x < 10: for i in range(7): a = random.choice(all) print a, print x += 1 what i want to do is remove the spaces from the output what it gives now is Z 3 a A I K R G B i N 9 c E v g E r A N 8 e B 6 d v H O c a V 8 c x y b g 2 W a T T f 8 H T r 6 E p D K l 5 p u x q 8 P Z 9 T n I W X n B Q

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  • Protocols/Interfaces in Ruby

    - by fifigyuri
    While coding in Ruby I did not really miss the type-orientedness of Java or C++ so far, but for some cases I think it is useful to have them. For Python there was a project PyProtocols which defined interfaces and protocols for objects. Does a similar initiative also exist for Ruby? I would like to be able to declare the expected parameters for some methods for some objects (for the entire code I find such think useless). It the method during the execution receives an unexpected input, it tries to adapt it or if it cannot, it throws an exception. Does something similar exist for Ruby? Introducing types for a type-less language like Ruby might sound freak, but I think types are sometimes useful. Thanks for help.

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  • Iterate over the lines of a string

    - by Space_C0wb0y
    I have a multi-line string defined like this: foo = """ this is a multi-line string. """ I need an iterator that iterates over the individual lines of that string. I could of course do it like this: lineiterator = iter(foo.splitlines()) Is there a more direct way of doing this? In this scenario the string has to traversed once for the splitting, and then again by the parser. It doesn't matter in my test-case, since the string is very short there, I am just asking out of curiosity. Python has so many useful and efficient built-ins for such stuff, but I could find nothing that suits this need.

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  • Error reading file with accented vowels

    - by Daniel Dcs
    The following statement to fill a list from a file : action = [] with open (os.getcwd() + "/files/" + "actions.txt") as temp:          action = list (temp) gives me the following error: (result, consumed) = self._buffer_decode (data, self.errors, end) UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can not decode byte 0xf1 in position 67: invalid continuation byte if I add errors = 'ignore': action = [] with open (os.getcwd () + "/ files /" + "actions.txt", errors = 'ignore') as temp:          action = list (temp) Is read the file but not the ñ and vowels accented á-é-í-ó-ú being that python 3 works, as I have understood, default to 'utf-8' I'm looking for a solution for two or more days, and I'm getting more confused. In advance thank you very much for any suggestions.

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  • Building a financial app with Django

    - by mfalcon
    Hi guys, I'm building an app for a small business so I've to work with currencies, decimal numbers, etc... My goal is to create something like pulseapp.com. I've searched for opensource projects to look and the only thing I had found was django-cashflow. This app uses python-money. I've read some of the code and the ways it's coded seems a bit weird to me and it's not fully complete. Is the app worth to take a deep look? Does anyone know about another similar app? Is the task difficult or a begginer like me could find a way to code it himself?

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  • Parse text of element with empty element inside

    - by Mando
    I'm trying to convert an XHTML document that uses lots of tables into a semantic XML document in Python using xml.etree. However, I'm having some trouble converting this XHTML <TD> Textline1<BR/> Textline2<BR/> Textline3 </TD> into something like this <lines> <line>Textline1</line> <line>Textline2</line> <line>Textline3</line> </lines> The problem is that I don't know how to get the text after the BR elements.

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