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  • non blocking TCP-acceptor not reading from socket

    - by Abruzzo Forte e Gentile
    I have the code below implementing a NON-Blocking TCP acceptor. Clients are able to connect without any problem and the writing seems occurring as well, but the acceptor doesn't read anything from the socket and the call to read() blocks indefinitely. Am I using some wrong setting for the acceptor? Kind Regards AFG int main(){ create_programming_socket(); poll_programming_connect(); while(1){ poll_programming_read(); } } int create_programming_socket(){ int cnt = 0; p_listen_socket = socket( AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0 ); if( p_listen_socket < 0 ){ return 1; } int flags = fcntl( p_listen_socket, F_GETFL, 0 ); if( fcntl( p_listen_socket, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK ) == -1 ){ return 1; } bzero( (char*)&p_serv_addr, sizeof(p_serv_addr) ); p_serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; p_serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; p_serv_addr.sin_port = htons( p_port ); if( bind( p_listen_socket, (struct sockaddr*)&p_serv_addr , sizeof(p_serv_addr) ) < 0 ) { return 1; } listen( p_listen_socket, 5 ); return 0; } int poll_programming_connect(){ int retval = 0; static socklen_t p_clilen = sizeof(p_cli_addr); int res = accept( p_listen_socket, (struct sockaddr*)&p_cli_addr, &p_clilen ); if( res > 0 ){ p_conn_socket = res; int flags = fcntl( p_conn_socket, F_GETFL, 0 ); if( fcntl( p_conn_socket, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK ) == -1 ){ retval = 1; }else{ p_connected = true; } }else if( res == -1 && ( errno == EWOULDBLOCK || errno == EAGAIN ) ) { //printf( "poll_sock(): accept(c_listen_socket) would block\n"); }else{ retval = 1; } return retval; } int poll_programming_read(){ int retval = 0; bzero( p_buffer, 256 ); int numbytes = read( p_conn_socket, p_buffer, 255 ); if( numbytes > 0 ) { fprintf( stderr, "poll_sock(): read() read %d bytes\n", numbytes ); pkt_struct2_t tx_buf; int fred; int i; } else if( numbytes == -1 && ( errno == EWOULDBLOCK || errno == EAGAIN ) ) { //printf( "poll_sock(): read() would block\n"); } else { close( p_conn_socket ); p_connected = false; retval = 1; } return retval; }

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  • Benchmark of Java Try/Catch Block

    - by hectorg87
    I know that going into a catch block has some significance cost when executing a program, however, I was wondering if entering a try{} block also had any impact so I started looking for an answer in google with many opinions, but no benchmarking at all. Some answers I found were: Java try/catch performance, is it recommended to keep what is inside the try clause to a minimum? Try Catch Performance Java Java try catch blocks However they didn't answer my question with facts, so I decided to try it for myself. Here's what I did. I have a csv file with this format: host;ip;number;date;status;email;uid;name;lastname;promo_code; where everything after status is optional and will not even have the corresponding ; , so when parsing a validation has to be done to see if the value is there, here's where the try/catch issue came to my mind. The current code that in inherited in my company does this: StringTokenizer st=new StringTokenizer(line,";"); String host = st.nextToken(); String ip = st.nextToken(); String number = st.nextToken(); String date = st.nextToken(); String status = st.nextToken(); String email = ""; try{ email = st.nextToken(); }catch(NoSuchElementException e){ email = ""; } and it repeats what it's done for email with uid, name, lastname and promo_code. and I changed everything to: if(st.hasMoreTokens()){ email = st.nextToken(); } and in fact it performs faster. When parsing a file that doesn't have the optional columns. Here are the average times: --- Trying:122 milliseconds --- Checking:33 milliseconds however, here's what confused me and the reason I'm asking: When running the example with values for the optional columns in all 8000 lines of the CSV, the if() version still performs better than the try/catch version, so my question is Does really the try block does not have any performance impact on my code? The average times for this example are: --- Trying:105 milliseconds --- Checking:43 milliseconds Can somebody explain what's going on here? Thanks a lot

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  • Vector iterators in for loops, return statements, warning, c++

    - by Crystal
    Had 3 questions regarding a hw assignment for C++. The goal was to create a simple palindrome method. Here is my template for that: #ifndef PALINDROME_H #define PALINDROME_H #include <vector> #include <iostream> #include <cmath> template <class T> static bool palindrome(const std::vector<T> &input) { std::vector<T>::const_iterator it = input.begin(); std::vector<T>::const_reverse_iterator rit = input.rbegin(); for (int i = 0; i < input.size()/2; i++, it++, rit++) { if (!(*it == *rit)) { return false; } } return true; } template <class T> static void showVector(const std::vector<T> &input) { for (std::vector<T>::const_iterator it = input.begin(); it != input.end(); it++) { std::cout << *it << " "; } } #endif Regarding the above code, can you have more than one iterator declared in the first part of the for loop? I tried defining both the "it" and "rit" in the palindrome() method, and I kept on getting an error about needing a "," before rit. But when I cut and paste outside the for loop, no errors from the compiler. (I'm using VS 2008). Second question, I pretty much just brain farted on this one. But is the way I have my return statements in the palindrome() method ok? In my head, I think it works like, once the *it and *rit do not equal each other, then the function returns false, and the method exits at this point. Otherwise if it goes all the way through the for loop, then it returns true at the end. I totally brain farted on how return statements work in if blocks and I tried looking up a good example in my book and I couldn't find one. Finally, I get this warnings: \palindrome.h(14) : warning C4018: '<' : signed/unsigned mismatch Now is that because I run my for loop until (i < input.size()/2) and the compiler is telling me that input can be negative? Thanks!

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  • Getting up to speed on modern architecture

    - by Matt Thrower
    Hi, I don't have any formal qualifications in computer science, rather I taught myself classic ASP back in the days of the dotcom boom and managed to get myself a job and my career developed from there. I was a confident and, I think, pretty good programmer in ASP 3 but as others have observed one of the problems with classic ASP was that it did a very good job of hiding the nitty-gritty of http so you could become quite competent as a programmer on the basis of relatively poor understanding of the technology you were working with. When I changed on to .NET at first I treated it like classic ASP, developing stand-alone applications as individual websites simply because I didn't know any better at the time. I moved jobs at this point and spent the next several years working on a single site whose architecture relied heavily on custom objects: in other words I gained a lot of experience working with .NET as a middle-tier development tool using a quite old-fashioned approach to OO design along the lines of the classic "car" class example that's so often used to teach OO. Breaking down programs into blocks of functionality and basing your classes and methods around that. Although we worked under an Agile approach to manage the work the whole setup was classic client/server stuff. That suited me and I gradually got to grips with .NET and started using it far more in the manner that it should be, and I began to see the power inherent in the technology and precisely why it was so much better than good old ASP 3. In my latest job I have found myself suddenly dropped in at the deep end with two quite young, skilled and very cutting-edge programmers. They've built a site architecture which is modelling along a lot of stuff which is new to me and which, in truth I'm having a lot of trouble understanding. The application is built on a cloud computing model with multi-tenancy and the architecture is all loosely coupled using a lot of interfaces, factories and the like. They use nHibernate a lot too. Shortly after I joined, both these guys left and I'm now supposedly the senior developer on a system whose technology and architecture I don't really understand and I have no-one to ask questions of. Except you, the internet. Frankly I feel like I've been pitched in at the deep end and I'm sinking. I'm not sure if this is because I lack the educational background to understand this stuff, if I'm simply not mathematically minded enough for modern computing (my maths was never great - my approach to design is often to simply debug until it works, then refactor until it looks neat), or whether I've simply been presented with too much of too radical a nature at once. But the only way to find out which it is is to try and learn it. So can anyone suggest some good places to start? Good books, tutorials or blogs? I've found a lot of internet material simply presupposes a level of understanding that I just don't have. Your advice is much appreciated. Help a middle-aged, stuck in the mud developer get enthusastic again! Please!

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  • Strange Java Socket Behavior (Connects, but Doesn't Send)

    - by Donald Campbell
    I have a fairly complex project that boils down to a simple Client / Server communicating through object streams. Everything works flawlessly for two consecutive connections (I connect once, work, disconnect, then connect again, work, and disconnect). The client connects, does its business, and then closes. The server successfully closes both the object output stream and the socket, with no IO errors. When I try to connect a third time, the connection appears to go through (the ServerSocket.accept() method goes through and an ObjectOutputStream is successfully created). No data is passed, however. The inputStream.readUnshared() method simply blocks. I have taken the following memory precautions: When it comes time to close the sockets, all running threads are stopped, and all objects are nulled out. After every writeUnshared() method call, the ObjectOutputBuffer is flushed and reset. Has anyone encountered a similar problem, or does anyone have any suggestions? I'm afraid my project is rather large, and so copying code is problematic. The project boils down to this: SERVER MAIN ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port); while (true) { new WorkThread(serverSocket.accept()).start(); } WORK THREAD (SERVER) public void run() { ObjectInputBuffer inputBuffer = new ObjectInputBuffer(new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream())); while (running) { try { Object myObject = inputBuffer.readUnshared(); // do work is not specified in this sample doWork(myObject); } catch (IOException e) { running = false; } } try { inputBuffer.close(); socket.close(); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("Could not close."); } } CLIENT public Client() { Object myObject; Socket mySocket = new Socket(address, port); try { ObjectOutputBuffer output = new ObjectOutputBuffer(new BufferedOutputStream(mySocket.getOutputStream())); output.reset(); output.flush(); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("Could not get an input."); mySocket.close(); return; } // get object data is not specified in this sample. it simply returns a serializable object myObject = getObjectData(); while (myObject != null) { try { output.writeUnshared(myObject); output.reset(); output.flush(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); break; } // catch } // while try { output.close(); socket.close(); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("Could not close."); } } Thank you to everyone who may be able to help!

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  • How can I prevent page-break in CFDocument from occuring in middle of content?

    - by Dan Roberts
    I am generating a PDF file dynamically from html/css using the cfdocument tag. There are blocks of content that I don't want to span multiple pages. After some searching I found that the style "page-break-inside" is supported according to the docs. However in my testing the declaration "page-break-inside: avoid" does no good. Any suggestions on getting this style declaration to work, or have alternative suggestions? Here is an example. I would expect the content in the div tag not to span a page break but it does. The style "page-break-inside: avoid" is not being honored. <cfdocument format="flashpaper"> <cfloop from="1" to="10" index="i"> <div style="page-break-inside: avoid"> <h1>Table Label</h1> <table> <tr><td>label</td><td>data</td></tr> <tr><td>label</td><td>data</td></tr> <tr><td>label</td><td>data</td></tr> <tr><td>label</td><td>data</td></tr> <tr><td>label</td><td>data</td></tr> <tr><td>label</td><td>data</td></tr> <tr><td>label</td><td>data</td></tr> <tr><td>label</td><td>data</td></tr> <tr><td>label</td><td>data</td></tr> </table> </div> </cfloop> </cfdocument>

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  • How should I smooth the transition between these two states in flex/flashbuilder

    - by Joshua
    I have an item in which has two states, best described as open and closed, and they look like this: and And what I'd like to do is is smooth the transition between one state and the other, effectively by interpolating between the two points in a smooth manner (sine) to move the footer/button-block and then fade in the pie chart. However this is apparently beyond me and after wrestling with my inability to do so for an hour+ I'm posting it here :D So my transition block looks as follows <s:transitions> <s:Transition id="TrayTrans" fromState="*" toState="*"> <s:Sequence> <s:Move duration="400" target="{footer}" interpolator="{Sine}"/> <s:Fade duration="300" targets="{body}"/> </s:Sequence> </s:Transition> <s:Transition> <s:Rotate duration="3000" /> </s:Transition> </s:transitions> where {body} refers to the pie chart and {footer} refers to the footer/button-block. However this doesn't work so I don't really know what to do... Additional information which may be beneficial: The body block is always of fixed height (perhaps of use for the Xby variables in some effects?). It needs to work in both directions. Oh and the Sine block is defined above in declarations just as <s:Sine id="Sine">. Additionally! How would I go about setting the pie chart to rotate continually using these transition blocks? (this would occur without the labels on) Or is that the wrong way to go about it as it's not a transition as such? The effect I'm after is one where the pie chart rotates slowly without labels prior to a selection of a button below, but on selection the rotation stops and labels appear... Thanks a lot in advance! And apologies on greyscale, but I can't really decide on a colour scheme. Any suggestions welcome.

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  • MySQL Query to find consecutive available times of variable lenth

    - by Armaconn
    I have an events table that has user_id, date ('2013-10-01'), time ('04:15:00'), and status_id; What I am looking to find is a solution similar to http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2665574/find-consecutive-rows-calculate-duration but I need I need two additional components: 1) Take date into consideration, so 10/1/2013 at 11:00 PM - 10/2/2013 at 3:00AM. Feel free to just put in a fake date range (like '2013-10-01' to '2013-10-31') 2) Limit output to only include when there are 4+ consecutive times (each event is 15 minutes and I want it to display minimum blocks of an hour, but would also like to be able to switch this restriction to 1.5 hours or some other duration if possible). SUMMARY - Looking for a query that provides the start and end times for a set of events that have the same user_id, status_id, and are in a continuous series based on date and time. For which I can restrict results based on date range and minimum series duration. So the output should have: user_id, date_start, time_start, date_end, time_end, status_id, duration CREATE TABLE `events` ( `event_id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment COMMENT 'ID', `user_id` int(11) NOT NULL, `date` date NOT NULL, `time` time NOT NULL, `status_id` int(11) default NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`event_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=1568 ; INSERT INTO `events` VALUES(1, 101, '2013-08-14', '23:00:00', 2); INSERT INTO `events` VALUES(2, 101, '2013-08-14', '23:15:00', 2); INSERT INTO `events` VALUES(3, 101, '2013-08-14', '23:30:00', 2); INSERT INTO `events` VALUES(4, 101, '2013-08-14', '23:45:00', 2); INSERT INTO `events` VALUES(5, 101, '2013-08-15', '00:00:00', 2); INSERT INTO `events` VALUES(6, 101, '2013-08-15', '00:15:00', 1); INSERT INTO `events` VALUES(7, 500, '2013-08-14', '23:45:00', 1); INSERT INTO `events` VALUES(8, 500, '2013-08-15', '00:00:00', 1); INSERT INTO `events` VALUES(9, 500, '2013-08-15', '00:15:00', 2); INSERT INTO `events` VALUES(10, 500, '2013-08-15', '00:30:00', 2); INSERT INTO `events` VALUES(11, 500, '2013-08-15', '00:45:00', 1); Desired output row |user_id | date_start | time_start | date_end | time_end | status_id | duration 1 |101 |'2013-08-14'| '23:00:00' |'2013-08-15'|'00:15:00'| 2 | 5 2 |101 |'2013-08-15'| '00:00:15' |'2013-08-15'|'00:30:00'| 1 | 1 3 |500 |'2013-08-14'| '00:23:45' |'2013-08-15'|'00:15:00'| 1 | 2 4 |500 |'2013-08-15'| '00:00:15' |'2013-08-15'|'00:45:00'| 2 | 2 5 |500 |'2013-08-15'| '00:00:45' |'2013-08-15'|'01:00:00'| 2 | 1 *except that rows 2 and 5 wouldn't appear if duration had to be greater than 30 minutes Thanks for any help that you can provide! And please let me know if there is anything I can further clarify!!

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  • Is there a Silverlight equivalent to "Application.OpenForms"?

    - by lightmeetsdark
    Basically, I'm trying to take information entered by the user on one page and print it out to another page via a "printer friendly" version, or report, of something. I have a MainPage.xaml that is, as the name suggests, my main page, but in a window there is the subpage AdCalculator.xaml where the user enters the information and PrintEstimate.xaml that is navigated to via a button on AdCalculator. I would like to be able to transfer the information entered in the textboxes from AdCalculator and print it out via text blocks in PrintEstimate. So in order to do that I have the following code: Views.AdCalculator AdCalc = new Views.AdCalculator(); string PrintCompanyName = AdCalc.CompanyName; string PrintContactName = AdCalc.txt_CustomerName.Text; string PrintBillingAddress1 = AdCalc.txt_BillingAddress.Text; string PrintBillingAddress2 = AdCalc.txt_BillingAddressLine2.Text; string PrintPhoneNumber = AdCalc.txt_PhoneNumber.Text; string PrintNumOfAds = AdCalc.txt_NumofAds.Text; string PrintRateOfPlay = AdCalc.Cmb_Rate.SelectedValue.ToString(); string PrintNumOfMonths = AdCalc.txt_NumofMonths.Text; string PrintTotalDue = AdCalc.txt_InvoiceSummary_TotalDue.Text; PrintEstimate PrintEstimatePage = new PrintEstimate(); PrintEstimatePage.txt_CompanyName.Text = PrintCompanyName; PrintEstimatePage.txt_CustomerName.Text = PrintContactName; PrintEstimatePage.txt_BillingAddress.Text = PrintBillingAddress1; PrintEstimatePage.txt_BillingAddressLine2.Text = PrintBillingAddress2; PrintEstimatePage.txt_PhoneNumber.Text = PrintPhoneNumber; PrintEstimatePage.txt_InvoiceSummary_NumofAds.Text = PrintNumOfAds; PrintEstimatePage.txt_InvoiceSummary_RateofPlay.Text = PrintRateOfPlay; PrintEstimatePage.txt_InvoiceSummary_NumOfMonths.Text = PrintNumOfMonths; PrintEstimatePage.txt_EstimateTotal.Text = PrintTotalDue; Only problem is, when I instantiate the new AdCalculator page, it clears the values, so nothing is actually retained as far as user-input goes. Following a lead from a colleague, I believe all I need to do is change the line Views.AdCalculator AdCalc = new Views.AdCalculator(); to Views.AdCalculator AdCalc = (AdCalculator)Application.OpenForms["AdCalculator"]; except the "Apllication.OpenForms" doesn't register. I know there are a lot of differences in the way C# code-behind is laid out for silverlight applications, so I didn't know if there was an equivalent that anyone knew about to "Application.OpenForms" that would help solve my issue or if there was any other way to go about getting my task done. Thank you very much!

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  • sigwait in Linux (Fedora 13) vs OS X

    - by Silas
    So I'm trying to create a signal handler using pthreads which works on both OS X and Linux. The code below works on OS X but doesn't work on Fedora 13. The application is fairly simple. It spawns a pthread, registers SIGHUP and waits for a signal. After spawning the signal handler I block SIGHUP in the main thread so the signal should only be sent to the signal_handler thread. On OS X this works fine, if I compile, run and send SIGHUP to the process it prints "Got SIGHUP". On Linux it just kills the process (and prints Hangup). If I comment out the signal_handler pthread_create the application doesn't die. I know the application gets to the sigwait and blocks but instead of return the signal code it just kills the application. I ran the test using the following commands: g++ test.cc -lpthread -o test ./test & PID="$!" sleep 1 kill -1 "$PID" test.cc #include <pthread.h> #include <signal.h> #include <iostream> using namespace std; void *signal_handler(void *arg) { int sig; sigset_t set; sigemptyset(&set); sigaddset(&set, SIGHUP); while (true) { cout << "Wait for signal" << endl; sigwait(&set, &sig); if (sig == SIGHUP) { cout << "Got SIGHUP" << endl; } } } int main() { pthread_t handler; sigset_t set; // Create signal handler pthread_create(&handler, NULL, signal_handler, NULL); // Ignore SIGHUP in main thread sigfillset(&set); sigaddset(&set, SIGHUP); pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, &set, NULL); for (int i = 1; i < 5; i++) { cout << "Sleeping..." << endl; sleep(1); } pthread_join(handler, NULL); return 0; }

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  • Do While loop breaks after incorrect input?

    - by Daminkz
    I am trying to have a loop continue to prompt the user for an option. When I get a string of characters instead of an int, the program loops indefinitely. I have tried setting the variable result to NULL, clearing the input stream, and have enclosed in try{}catch blocks (not in this example). Can anyone explain to me why this is? #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <string> using namespace std; int menu(string question, vector<string> options) { int result; cout << question << endl; for(int i = 0; i < options.size(); i++) { cout << '[' << i << ']' << options[i] << endl; } bool ans = false; do { cin >> result; cin.ignore(1000, 10); if (result < options.size() ) { ans = true; } else { cout << "You must enter a valid option." << endl; result = NULL; ans = false; } } while(!ans); return result; } int main() { string menuQuestion = "Welcome to my game. What would you like to do?"; vector<string> mainMenu; mainMenu.push_back("Play Game"); mainMenu.push_back("Load Game"); mainMenu.push_back("About"); mainMenu.push_back("Exit"); int result = menu(menuQuestion, mainMenu); cout << "You entered: " << result << endl; return 0; }

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  • php: parsing and converting array structure

    - by mwb
    I need to convert one array structure into another array structure. I hope someone will find it worthy their time to show how this could be done in a simple manner. It's a little above my array manipulation skills. The structure we start out with looks like this: $cssoptions = array( array( 'group' => 'Measurements' , 'selector' => '#content' , 'rule' => 'width' , 'value' => '200px' ) // end data set , array( 'group' => 'Measurements' , 'selector' => '#content' , 'rule' => 'margin-right' , 'value' => '20px' ) // end data set , array( 'group' => 'Colors' , 'selector' => '#content' , 'rule' => 'color' , 'value' => '#444' ) // end data set , array( 'group' => 'Measurements' , 'selector' => '.sidebar' , 'rule' => 'margin-top' , 'value' => '10px' ) // end data set ); // END $cssoptions It's a collection of discreet datasets, each consisting of an array that holds two key = value pairs describing a 'css-rule' and a 'css-rule-value'. Further, each dataset holds a key = value pair describing the 'css-selector-group' that the 'css-rule' should blong to, and a key = value pair describing a 'rule-group' that should be used for structuring the rendering of the final css into a neat css code block arranged by the kind of properties they describe (colors, measurement, typography etc..) Now, I need to parse that, and turn it into a new structure, where the: 'rule' => 'rule-name' , 'value' => 'value-string' for each dataset is converted into: 'rule-name' => 'value-string' ..and then placed into a new array structure where all 'rule-name' = 'value-string' pairs should be aggregated under the respective 'selector-values' Like this: '#content' => array( 'width' => '200px' , 'margin-right' => '20px' ) // end selecor block ..and finally all those blocks should be grouped under their respective 'style-groups', creating a final resulting array structure like this: $css => array( 'Measurements' => array( '#content' => array( 'width' => '200px' , 'margin-right' => '20px' ) // end selecor block , '.sidebar' => array( 'margin-top' => '10px' ) // end selector block ) // end rule group , 'Colors' => array( '#content' => array( 'color' => '#444' ) // end selector block ) // end rule group ); // end css

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  • SSIS - user variable used in derived column transform is not available - in some cases

    - by soo
    Unfortunately I don't have a repro for my issue, but I thought I would try to describe it in case it sounds familiar to someone... I am using SSIS 2005, SP2. My package has a package-scope user variable - let's call it user_var first step in the control flow is an Execute SQL task which runs a stored procedure. All that SP does is insert a record in a SQL table (with an identity column) and then go back and get the max ID value. The Execute SQL task saves this output into user_var the control flow then has a Data Flow Task - it goes and gets some source data, has a derived column which sets a column called run_id to user_var - and saves the data to a SQL destination In most cases (this template is used for many packages, running every day) this all works great. All of the destination records created get set with a correct run_id. However, in some cases, there is a set of the destination data that does not get run_id equal to user_var, but instead gets a value of 0 (0 is the default value for user_var). I have 2 instances where this has happened, but I can't make it happen. In both cases, it was just less that 10,000 records that have run_id = 0. Since SSIS writes data out in 10,000 record blocks, this really makes me think that, for the first set of data written out, user_var was not yet set. Then, after that first block, for the rest of the data, run_id is set to a correct value. But control passed on to my data flow from the Execute SQL task - it would have seemed reasonable to me that it wouldn't go on until the SP has completed and user_var is set. Maybe it just runs the SP, but doesn't wait for it to complete? In both cases where this has happened there seemed to be a few packages hitting the table to get a new user_var at about the same time. And in both cases lots of data was written (40 million rows, 60 million rows) - my thinking is that that means the writes were happening for a while. Sorry to be both long-winded AND vague. A winning combination! Does this sound familiar to anyone? Thanks.

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  • Postfix - am I sending spam?

    - by olrehm
    today I received like 30 messages within 5 minutes telling me that some mail I send could not be delivered, mostly to *.ru email addresses which I did not send any mail to. I have my own webserver (postfix/dovecot) set up using this guide (http://workaround.org/ispmail/lenny) but adjusted a little bit for Ubuntu. I tested whether I am an Open Relay which I am apparently not. Now there are two possible reasons for the above mentioned emails: Either I am sending out spam, or somebody wants me to think that, correct? How can I check this? I selected one particular address that I supposedly send spam to. Then I searched my mail.log for this entry. I found two blocks that record that somebody from the server connected to my server and delivered some message to two different users. I cannot find an entry reporting that anyone from my server send an email to that server. Does this mean its just some mail to scare me or could it still have been send by me in the first place? Here is one such block from the log (I replaced some confidential stuff): Jun 26 23:23:28 mycustomernumber postfix/smtpd[29970]: connect from mx.webstyle.ru[195.144.251.97] Jun 26 23:23:29 mycustomernumber postfix/smtpd[29970]: 044991528995: client=mx.webstyle.ru[195.144.251.97] Jun 26 23:23:29 mycustomernumber postfix/cleanup[29974]: 044991528995: message-id=<[email protected]> Jun 26 23:23:29 mycustomernumber postfix/qmgr[3369]: 044991528995: from=<>, size=2198, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Jun 26 23:23:29 mycustomernumber amavis[28598]: (28598-11) ESMTP::10024 /var/lib/amavis/tmp/amavis-20110626T223137-28598: <> -> <[email protected]> SIZE=2198 Received: from mycustomernumber.stratoserver.net ([127.0.0.1]) by localhost (rehmsen.de [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP for <[email protected]>; Sun, 26 Jun 2011 23:23:29 +0200 (CEST) Jun 26 23:23:29 mycustomernumber amavis[28598]: (28598-11) Checking: YakjkrdFq6A8 [195.144.251.97] <> -> <[email protected]> Jun 26 23:23:29 mycustomernumber postfix/smtpd[29970]: disconnect from mx.webstyle.ru[195.144.251.97] Jun 26 23:23:29 mycustomernumber amavis[28598]: (28598-11) lookup_sql_field(id) (WARN: no such field in the SQL table), "[email protected]" result=undef Jun 26 23:23:32 mycustomernumber postfix/smtpd[29979]: connect from localhost.localdomain[127.0.0.1] Jun 26 23:23:32 mycustomernumber postfix/smtpd[29979]: 0A1FA1528A21: client=localhost.localdomain[127.0.0.1] Jun 26 23:23:32 mycustomernumber postfix/cleanup[29974]: 0A1FA1528A21: message-id=<[email protected]> Jun 26 23:23:32 mycustomernumber postfix/qmgr[3369]: 0A1FA1528A21: from=<>, size=2841, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Jun 26 23:23:32 mycustomernumber postfix/smtpd[29979]: disconnect from localhost.localdomain[127.0.0.1] Jun 26 23:23:32 mycustomernumber amavis[28598]: (28598-11) FWD via SMTP: <> -> <[email protected]>,BODY=7BIT 250 2.0.0 Ok, id=28598-11, from MTA([127.0.0.1]:10025): 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 0A1FA1528A21 Jun 26 23:23:32 mycustomernumber amavis[28598]: (28598-11) Passed CLEAN, [195.144.251.97] [195.144.251.97] <> -> <[email protected]>, Message-ID: <[email protected]>, mail_id: YakjkrdFq6A8, Hits: 2.249, size: 2197, queued_as: 0A1FA1528A21, 2882 ms Jun 26 23:23:32 mycustomernumber postfix/smtp[29975]: 044991528995: to=<[email protected]>, relay=127.0.0.1[127.0.0.1]:10024, delay=3.3, delays=0.39/0.01/0.01/2.9, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 Ok, id=28598-11, from MTA([127.0.0.1]:10025): 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 0A1FA1528A21) Jun 26 23:23:32 mycustomernumber postfix/qmgr[3369]: 044991528995: removed Jun 26 23:23:33 mycustomernumber postfix/smtp[29980]: 0A1FA1528A21: to=<[email protected]>, orig_to=<[email protected]>, relay=mx3.hotmail.com[65.54.188.110]:25, delay=1.2, delays=0.15/0.02/0.51/0.55, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 <[email protected]> Queued mail for delivery) Jun 26 23:23:33 mycustomernumber postfix/qmgr[3369]: 0A1FA1528A21: removed Jun 26 23:26:49 mycustomernumber postfix/anvil[29972]: statistics: max connection rate 1/60s for (smtp:195.144.251.97) at Jun 26 23:23:28 Jun 26 23:26:49 mycustomernumber postfix/anvil[29972]: statistics: max connection count 1 for (smtp:195.144.251.97) at Jun 26 23:23:28 Jun 26 23:26:49 mycustomernumber postfix/anvil[29972]: statistics: max cache size 1 at Jun 26 23:23:28 I can provide more info if you tell me what you need to know. Thank you for you help!

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  • How do I stop and repair a RAID 5 array that has failed and has I/O pending?

    - by Ben Hymers
    The short version: I have a failed RAID 5 array which has a bunch of processes hung waiting on I/O operations on it; how can I recover from this? The long version: Yesterday I noticed Samba access was being very sporadic; accessing the server's shares from Windows would randomly lock up explorer completely after clicking on one or two directories. I assumed it was Windows being a pain and left it. Today the problem is the same, so I did a little digging; the first thing I noticed was that running ps aux | grep smbd gives a lot of lines like this: ben 969 0.0 0.2 96088 4128 ? D 18:21 0:00 smbd -F root 1708 0.0 0.2 93468 4748 ? Ss 18:44 0:00 smbd -F root 1711 0.0 0.0 93468 1364 ? S 18:44 0:00 smbd -F ben 3148 0.0 0.2 96052 4160 ? D Mar07 0:00 smbd -F ... There are a lot of processes stuck in the "D" state. Running ps aux | grep " D" shows up some other processes including my nightly backup script, all of which need to access the volume mounted on my RAID array at some point. After some googling, I found that it might be down to the RAID array failing, so I checked /proc/mdstat, which shows this: ben@jack:~$ cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active raid5 sdb1[3](F) sdc1[1] sdd1[2] 2930271872 blocks level 5, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/2] [_UU] unused devices: <none> And running mdadm --detail /dev/md0 gives this: ben@jack:~$ sudo mdadm --detail /dev/md0 /dev/md0: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Sat Oct 31 20:53:10 2009 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 2930271872 (2794.53 GiB 3000.60 GB) Used Dev Size : 1465135936 (1397.26 GiB 1500.30 GB) Raid Devices : 3 Total Devices : 3 Preferred Minor : 0 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Mon Mar 7 03:06:35 2011 State : active, degraded Active Devices : 2 Working Devices : 2 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 64K UUID : f114711a:c770de54:c8276759:b34deaa0 Events : 0.208245 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 3 8 17 0 faulty spare rebuilding /dev/sdb1 1 8 33 1 active sync /dev/sdc1 2 8 49 2 active sync /dev/sdd1 I believe this says that sdb1 has failed, and so the array is running with two drives out of three 'up'. Some advice I found said to check /var/log/messages for notices of failures, and sure enough there are plenty: ben@jack:~$ grep sdb /var/log/messages ... Mar 7 03:06:35 jack kernel: [4525155.384937] md/raid:md0: read error NOT corrected!! (sector 400644912 on sdb1). Mar 7 03:06:35 jack kernel: [4525155.389686] md/raid:md0: read error not correctable (sector 400644920 on sdb1). Mar 7 03:06:35 jack kernel: [4525155.389686] md/raid:md0: read error not correctable (sector 400644928 on sdb1). Mar 7 03:06:35 jack kernel: [4525155.389688] md/raid:md0: read error not correctable (sector 400644936 on sdb1). Mar 7 03:06:56 jack kernel: [4525176.231603] sd 0:0:1:0: [sdb] Unhandled sense code Mar 7 03:06:56 jack kernel: [4525176.231605] sd 0:0:1:0: [sdb] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Mar 7 03:06:56 jack kernel: [4525176.231608] sd 0:0:1:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] [descriptor] Mar 7 03:06:56 jack kernel: [4525176.231623] sd 0:0:1:0: [sdb] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed Mar 7 03:06:56 jack kernel: [4525176.231627] sd 0:0:1:0: [sdb] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 17 e1 5f bf 00 01 00 00 To me it is clear that device sdb has failed, and I need to stop the array, shutdown, replace it, reboot, then repair the array, bring it back up and mount the filesystem. I cannot hot-swap a replacement drive in, and don't want to leave the array running in a degraded state. I believe I am supposed to unmount the filesystem before stopping the array, but that is failing, and that is where I'm stuck now: ben@jack:~$ sudo umount /storage umount: /storage: device is busy. (In some cases useful info about processes that use the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1)) It is indeed busy; there are some 30 or 40 processes waiting on I/O. What should I do? Should I kill all these processes and try again? Is that a wise move when they are 'uninterruptable'? What would happen if I tried to reboot? Please let me know what you think I should do. And please ask if you need any extra information to diagnose the problem or to help!

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  • What free space thresholds/limits are advisable for 640 GB and 2 TB hard disk drives with ZEVO ZFS on OS X?

    - by Graham Perrin
    Assuming that free space advice for ZEVO will not differ from advice for other modern implementations of ZFS … Question Please, what percentages or amounts of free space are advisable for hard disk drives of the following sizes? 640 GB 2 TB Thoughts A standard answer for modern implementations of ZFS might be "no more than 96 percent full". However if apply that to (say) a single-disk 640 GB dataset where some of the files most commonly used (by VirtualBox) are larger than 15 GB each, then I guess that blocks for those files will become sub optimally spread across the platters with around 26 GB free. I read that in most cases, fragmentation and defragmentation should not be a concern with ZFS. Sill, I like the mental picture of most fragments of a large .vdi in reasonably close proximity to each other. (Do features of ZFS make that wish for proximity too old-fashioned?) Side note: there might arise the question of how to optimise performance after a threshold is 'broken'. If it arises, I'll keep it separate. Background On a 640 GB StoreJet Transcend (product ID 0x2329) in the past I probably went beyond an advisable threshold. Currently the largest file is around 17 GB –  – and I doubt that any .vdi or other file on this disk will grow beyond 40 GB. (Ignore the purple masses, those are bundles of 8 MB band files.) Without HFS Plus: the thresholds of twenty, ten and five percent that I associate with Mobile Time Machine file system need not apply. I currently use ZEVO Community Edition 1.1.1 with Mountain Lion, OS X 10.8.2, but I'd like answers to be not too version-specific. References, chronological order ZFS Block Allocation (Jeff Bonwick's Blog) (2006-11-04) Space Maps (Jeff Bonwick's Blog) (2007-09-13) Doubling Exchange Performance (Bizarre ! Vous avez dit Bizarre ?) (2010-03-11) … So to solve this problem, what went in 2010/Q1 software release is multifold. The most important thing is: we increased the threshold at which we switched from 'first fit' (go fast) to 'best fit' (pack tight) from 70% full to 96% full. With TB drives, each slab is at least 5GB and 4% is still 200MB plenty of space and no need to do anything radical before that. This gave us the biggest bang. Second, instead of trying to reuse the same primary slabs until it failed an allocation we decided to stop giving the primary slab this preferential threatment as soon as the biggest allocation that could be satisfied by a slab was down to 128K (metaslab_df_alloc_threshold). At that point we were ready to switch to another slab that had more free space. We also decided to reduce the SMO bonus. Before, a slab that was 50% empty was preferred over slabs that had never been used. In order to foster more write aggregation, we reduced the threshold to 33% empty. This means that a random write workload now spread to more slabs where each one will have larger amount of free space leading to more write aggregation. Finally we also saw that slab loading was contributing to lower performance and implemented a slab prefetch mechanism to reduce down time associated with that operation. The conjunction of all these changes lead to 50% improved OLTP and 70% reduced variability from run to run … OLTP Improvements in Sun Storage 7000 2010.Q1 (Performance Profiles) (2010-03-11) Alasdair on Everything » ZFS runs really slowly when free disk usage goes above 80% (2010-07-18) where commentary includes: … OpenSolaris has changed this in onnv revision 11146 … [CFT] Improved ZFS metaslab code (faster write speed) (2010-08-22)

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  • nginx: How can I set proxy_* directives only for matching URIs?

    - by Artem Russakovskii
    I've been at this for hours and I can't figure out a clean solution. Basically, I have an nginx proxy setup, which works really well, but I'd like to handle a few urls more manually. Specifically, there are 2-3 locations for which I'd like to set proxy_ignore_headers to Set-Cookie to force nginx to cache them (nginx doesn't cache responses with Set-Cookie as per http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpProxyModule#proxy_ignore_headers). So for these locations, all I'd like to do is set proxy_ignore_headers Set-Cookie; I've tried everything I could think of outside of setting up and duplicating every config value, but nothing works. I tried: Nesting location directives, hoping the inner location which matches on my files would just set this value and inherit the rest, but that wasn't the case - it seemed to ignore anything set in the outer location, most notably proxy_pass and I end up with a 404). Specifying the proxy_cache_valid directive in an if block that matches on $request_uri, but nginx complains that it's not allowed ("proxy_cache_valid" directive is not allowed here). Specifying a variable equal to "Set-Cookie" in an if block, and then trying to set proxy_cache_valid to that variable later, but nginx isn't allowing variables for this case and throws up. It should be so simple - modifying/appending a single directive for some requests, and yet I haven't been able to make nginx do that. What am I missing here? Is there at least a way to wrap common directives in a reusable block and have multiple location blocks refer to it, after adding their own unique bits? Thank you. Just for reference, the main location / block is included below, together with my failed proxy_ignore_headers directive for a specific URI. location / { # Setup var defaults set $no_cache ""; # If non GET/HEAD, don't cache & mark user as uncacheable for 1 second via cookie if ($request_method !~ ^(GET|HEAD)$) { set $no_cache "1"; } if ($http_user_agent ~* '(iphone|ipod|ipad|aspen|incognito|webmate|android|dream|cupcake|froyo|blackberry|webos|s8000|bada)') { set $mobile_request '1'; set $no_cache "1"; } # feed crawlers, don't want these to get stuck with a cached version, especially if it caches a 302 back to themselves (infinite loop) if ($http_user_agent ~* '(FeedBurner|FeedValidator|MediafedMetrics)') { set $no_cache "1"; } # Drop no cache cookie if need be # (for some reason, add_header fails if included in prior if-block) if ($no_cache = "1") { add_header Set-Cookie "_mcnc=1; Max-Age=17; Path=/"; add_header X-Microcachable "0"; } # Bypass cache if no-cache cookie is set, these are absolutely critical for Wordpress installations that don't use JS comments if ($http_cookie ~* "(_mcnc|comment_author_|wordpress_(?!test_cookie)|wp-postpass_)") { set $no_cache "1"; } if ($request_uri ~* wpsf-(img|js)\.php) { proxy_ignore_headers Set-Cookie; } # Bypass cache if flag is set proxy_no_cache $no_cache; proxy_cache_bypass $no_cache; # under no circumstances should there ever be a retry of a POST request, or any other request for that matter proxy_next_upstream off; proxy_read_timeout 86400s; # Point nginx to the real app/web server proxy_pass http://localhost; # Set cache zone proxy_cache microcache; # Set cache key to include identifying components proxy_cache_key $scheme$host$request_method$request_uri$mobile_request; # Only cache valid HTTP 200 responses for this long proxy_cache_valid 200 15s; #proxy_cache_min_uses 3; # Serve from cache if currently refreshing proxy_cache_use_stale updating timeout; # Send appropriate headers through proxy_set_header Host $host; # no need for this proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; # no need for this proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; # Set files larger than 1M to stream rather than cache proxy_max_temp_file_size 1M; access_log /var/log/nginx/androidpolice-microcache.log custom; }

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  • Windows: what is the difference between DEP always on and DEP opt-out with no exceptions?

    - by Peter Mortensen
    What is the difference between DEP always on ("/NoExecute=AlwaysOn" in boot.ini) and DEP opt-out ( "/NoExecute=OptOut" in boot.ini) with no exceptions? "no exceptions" = empty list of programs for which DEP does not apply. DEP = Data Execution Prevention (hardware). One would expect it to work the same way, but it makes a difference for some applications. E.g. for all versions of UltraEdit 14 (14.2). It crashes at startup for DEP always on, at least on Microsoft Windows XP Professional Edition x64 edition. (2010-03-11: this problem has been fixed with UltraEdit 15.2 and later.) Update 1: I think this difference is caused by the backdoors that Microsoft has put into hardware DEP for OptOut, according to Fabrice Roux (see below). In the case of IrfanView, for which Steve Gibson observed the same difference as I did for UltraEdit (see below), the difference is caused by a non-DEP aware EXE packer (ASPack) that Microsoft coded a backdoor for. Is there a difference between Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7 ? Is there a difference between 32 bit and 64 bit versions of Windows ? Sources: From [http://blog.fabriceroux.com/index.php/2007/02/26/hardware_dep_has_a_backdoor?blog=1], "Hardware DEP has a backdoor" by Fabrice Roux. 2007-02-26. "IrfanView was not using any trick to evade DEP ... Microsoft just coded a backdoor used only in OPTOUT. Bascially Microsoft checks the executable header for a section matching one of the 3 strings. If one these strings is found, DEP will be turned OFF for this application by windows. ... 'aspack', 'pcle', 'sforce'" From [http://www.grc.com/sn/sn-078.htm], by Steve Gibson. "I can’t find any documentation on Microsoft’s site anywhere, because we’re seeing a difference between always-on and opt-out. That is, you would imagine that always-on mode would be the same as opting out if you weren’t having any opt-out programs. It turns out it’s not the case. For example ... the IrfanView file viewer ... runs fine in opt-out mode, even if it has not been opted out. But it won’t launch, Windows blocks it from launching ... in always-on mode." From [http://www.grc.com/sn/sn-083.htm], by Steve Gibson. "... IrfanView ... won’t run with DEP turned on. It’s because it uses an EXE packer, an executable compression program called ASPack. And it makes sense that it wouldn’t because naturally an executable compressor has got to decompress the executable, so it allocates a bunch of data memory into which it decompresses the compressed executable, and then it runs it. Well, it’s running a data allocation, which is exactly what DEP is designed to stop. On the other hand, UPX, which is actually the leading and most popular EXE compressor, it’s DEP- compatible because those guys realized, hey, when we allocate this memory, we should mark the pages as executable."

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  • Varnish + Nginx + multiple IP addresses

    - by adnan
    This is my first shot at making Varnish work on my dedicated server which hosts 2 domains with 2 separate IP-addresses. My simplified setup is as follows: Nginx conf server { listen ip-address-1:8080; } server { listen ip-address-2:8080; } Varnish vcl backend default { .host = "127.0.0.1"; .port = "80"; } And in the varnish conf I have defined VARNISH_LISTEN_PORT=80 Varnish and Nginx (and php-fpm) are running properly but when I try to go to my website it shows the welcome to nginx page. The headers don't have the x-varnish in it. It seems that for some reason varnish is not listening to port 80. I'm suspecting this has to do with the vcl file where it is listening to the 127.0.0.1 host. I'm running two wordpress sites. Where should I look for to get Varnish working properly? Cheers, Adnan EDIT: Nginx seems to be in 8080 correctly but Varnish is not listening to the right ip address. Using Jens multiple varnish ip addresses netstat -lnp yields: Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 46.105.40.241:8080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 21610/nginx tcp 0 0 5.135.166.39:8080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 21610/nginx tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 21610/nginx tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2544/named tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:21 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1195/vsftpd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1184/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:953 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2544/named tcp 0 0 46.105.40.241:443 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 21610/nginx tcp 0 0 5.135.166.39:443 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 21610/nginx tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6082 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 21350/varnishd tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 21351/varnishd tcp 0 0 ::1:53 :::* LISTEN 2544/named tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1184/sshd tcp 0 0 ::1:953 :::* LISTEN 2544/named udp 0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* 2544/named udp 0 0 ::1:53 :::* 2544/named default.vcl backend ikhebeenbril { .host = "5.135.166.39"; .port = "8080"; } backend sunculture { .host = "46.105.40.241"; .port = "8080"; } sub vcl_recv { if (server.ip == "5.135.166.39") { set req.backend = ikhebeenbril; } else { set req.backend = sunculture; } ... } sub vcl_hash { hash_data(server.ip); if (req.http.host) { hash_data(req.http.host); } hash_data(req.url); if (req.http.Accept-Encoding) { hash_data(req.http.Accept-Encoding); } return (hash); } nginx server blocks server { listen 5.135.166.39:80; listen 5.135.166.39:443 default ssl spdy; server_name www.ikhebeenbril.nl; } server { listen 46.105.40.241:80; listen 46.105.40.241:443 default ssl spdy; server_name www.thesunculture.com; }

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  • iptables DNS resolution

    - by Favolas
    I have a virtual machine with Fedora 19 acting as a router. This machine as an interface (p8p1) with the IP 172.16.1.254 that is connected to another machine (IP 172.16.1.1) that's simulating the external network. I've installed snort 2.9.2.2, applied the snortsam-2.9.2.2.diff.gz patch and installed snortsam 2.70 on the routermachine In snort.conf besides altering some RULE_PATH I believe I've only added the following line to the file. output alert_fwsam: 127.0.0.1:898/password After doing this two comands: ifconfig p8p1 promisc /usr/local/snort/bin/snort -v -i p8p1 If I ping from the external network to the router IP, I can see the info about the pings. One of the rules that I have is icmp-info.rules that as this single line: alert icmp $EXTERNAL_NET any -> $HOME_NET any (msg:"ICMP-INFO Echo Reply"; icode:0; itype:0; classtype:misc-activity; sid:408; rev:6;fwsam: src, 5 minutes;) snortsam.conf as this data: defaultkey password accept localhost keyinterval 30 minutes dontblock 192.168.1.1 # rede local rollbackhosts 50 rollbackthreshold 20 / 30 secs rollbacksleeptime 1 minute logfile /var/log/snort/snortsam.log loglevel 3 daemon nothreads # linha importante para gerar os bloqueios via iptables iptables p8p1 LOG bindip 127.0.0.1 Now I run this command: /usr/local/snort/bin/snort -u snort -i p8p1 -c /etc/snort/snort.conf -l /var/log/snort -Dq Terminal gives this message: Spawning daemon child... My daemon child 2080 lives... Daemon parent exiting (0) and when I runsnortsam in terminal i got this: SnortSam, v 2.70. Copyright (c) 2001-2009 Frank Knobbe . All rights reserved. Plugin 'fwsam': v 2.5, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'fwexec': v 2.7, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'pix': v 2.9, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'ciscoacl': v 2.12, by Ali Basel <[email protected]> Plugin 'cisconullroute': v 2.5, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'cisconullroute2': v 2.2, by Wouter de Jong <[email protected]> Plugin 'netscreen': v 2.10, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'ipchains': v 2.8, by Hector A. Paterno <[email protected]> Plugin 'iptables': v 2.9, by Fabrizio Tivano <[email protected]>, Luis Marichal <[email protected]> Plugin 'ebtables': v 2.4, by Bruno Scatolin <[email protected]> Plugin 'watchguard': v 2.7, by Thomas Maier <[email protected]> Plugin 'email': v 2.12, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'email-blocks-only': v 2.12, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'snmpinterfacedown': v 2.3, by Ali BASEL <[email protected]> Plugin 'forward': v 2.8, by Frank Knobbe Parsing config file /etc/snortsam.conf... Linking plugin 'iptables'... Checking for existing state file "/var/db/snortsam.state". Found. Reading state file. Starting to listen for Snort alerts. and snortsam.log as an entry like this 2013/10/25, 10:15:17, -, 1, snortsam, Starting to listen for Snort alerts. Now, from the external machine I do ping 172.16.1.254 and it starts showing the info and an alert file is created in /var/log/snort/ that as the info about the PINGS. Something like: [**] [1:408:6] ICMP-INFO Echo Reply [**] [Classification: Misc activity] [Priority: 3] 10/25-10:35:16.061319 172.16.1.254 -> 172.16.1.1 ICMP TTL:64 TOS:0x0 ID:38720 IpLen:20 DgmLen:84 Type:0 Code:0 ID:1389 Seq:1 ECHO REPLY Also, if I run instead /usr/local/snort/bin/snort snort -v -i p8p1 i got this message: Running in packet dump mode --== Initializing Snort ==-- Initializing Output Plugins! Snort BPF option: snort pcap DAQ configured to passive. The DAQ version does not support reload. Acquiring network traffic from "p8p1". ERROR: Can't set DAQ BPF filter to 'snort' (pcap_daq_set_filter: pcap_compile: syntax error)! Fatal Error, Quitting.. So, this are my questions: Shouldn't snortsam block the PING? Is that DAQ error causing the problem? If so, How can I solve it?

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  • Disk operations freeze Debian

    - by Grzenio
    Hi, I have just installed Debian testing on my new desktop and I am not very happy with performance - when I perform a disk intensive operation, e.g. upgrade packages in the system, everything seems to freeze, e.g. changing tabs in Iceweasel takes 3 seconds. I run the Debian on my 3 year old Thinkpad X60 ultra-portable, and I don't have these issues. (every single parameter of the laptop is much worse than the desktop). I am using the default packaged kernel and scripts. I run hdparm -t /dev/sda1 And I got around 96GB/s, which is expected. What else can I try to make it work better? EDIT: grzes:/home/ga# hdparm -i /dev/sda /dev/sda: Model=WDC WD15EARS-00Z5B1, FwRev=80.00A80, SerialNo=WD-WMAVU1362357 Config={ HardSect NotMFM HdSw>15uSec SpinMotCtl Fixed DTR>5Mbs FmtGapReq } RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=50 BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=unknown, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=16 CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAsects=2930277168 IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120} PIO modes: pio0 pio3 pio4 DMA modes: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6 AdvancedPM=no WriteCache=enabled Drive conforms to: Unspecified: ATA/ATAPI-1,2,3,4,5,6,7 * signifies the current active mode EDIT2: Even my wife said "on this new computer I can't do anything when I copy the photos from the camera and its much worse than on the old one". So it must be serious. EDIT3: Updated to 2.6.32, but still no improvement EDIT4: I forgot to mention that the new disk is ext4, the old was ext3. EDIT5: Still not solved. I have a P43 ASUS P5QL-E board. Lines from dmesg that seem relevant: [ 0.370850] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 253) [ 0.370852] io scheduler noop registered [ 0.370853] io scheduler anticipatory registered [ 0.370854] io scheduler deadline registered [ 0.370876] io scheduler cfq registered (default) ... [ 0.908233] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.2: version 2.13 [ 0.908243] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.2: PCI INT B -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19 [ 0.908246] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.2: MAP [ P0 P2 P1 P3 ] [ 0.908275] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.2: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.908316] scsi0 : ata_piix [ 0.908374] scsi1 : ata_piix [ 0.909180] ata1: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xa000 ctl 0x9c00 bmdma 0x9480 irq 19 [ 0.909183] ata2: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0x9880 ctl 0x9800 bmdma 0x9488 irq 19 [ 0.909199] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.5: PCI INT B -> GSI 19 (level, low) -> IRQ 19 [ 0.909202] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.5: MAP [ P0 -- P1 -- ] [ 0.909228] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.5: setting latency timer to 64 [ 0.909279] scsi2 : ata_piix [ 0.909326] scsi3 : ata_piix [ 0.910021] ata3: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xb000 ctl 0xac00 bmdma 0xa480 irq 19 [ 0.910024] ata4: SATA max UDMA/133 cmd 0xa880 ctl 0xa800 bmdma 0xa488 irq 19 [ 0.915575] FDC 0 is a post-1991 82077 ... [ 1.716062] ata1.00: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300) [ 1.716074] ata1.01: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300) [ 1.724318] ata1.00: ATA-8: WDC WD15EARS-00Z5B1, 80.00A80, max UDMA/133 [ 1.724322] ata1.00: 2930277168 sectors, multi 16: LBA48 NCQ (depth 0/32) [ 1.740339] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133 [ 1.740428] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA WDC WD15EARS-00Z 80.0 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 [ 1.746788] scsi 6:0:0:0: CD-ROM ASUS DRW-1608P 1.17 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 ... [ 1.925981] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 2930277168 512-byte logical blocks: (1.50 TB/1.36 TiB) [ 1.926005] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off [ 1.926007] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 [ 1.926020] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA [ 1.926092] sda:sr0: scsi3-mmc drive: 40x/40x writer cd/rw xa/form2 cdda tray [ 1.931106] Uniform CD-ROM driver Revision: 3.20 [ 1.931191] sr 6:0:0:0: Attached scsi CD-ROM sr0 ... [ 1.941936] sda1 sda2 sda3 sda4 < sda5 sda6 > [ 1.967691] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk [ 1.970938] sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0 [ 1.970959] sr 6:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 5 ... [ 2.500086] EXT4-fs (sda3): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode ... [ 7.150468] EXT4-fs (sda6): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode

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  • mod evasive not working properly on ubuntu 10.04

    - by Joe Hopfgartner
    I have an ubuntu 10.04 server where I installed mod_evasive using apt-get install libapache2-mod-evasive I already tried several configurations, the result stays the same. The blocking does work, but randomly. I tried with low limis and long blocking periods as well as short limits. The behaviour I expect is that I can request websites until either page or site limit is reached per given interval. After that I expect to be blocked until I did not make another request for as long as the block period. However the behaviour is that I can request sites and after a while I get random 403 blocks, which increase and decrase in percentage, however they are very scattered. This is an output of siege, so you get an idea: HTTP/1.1 200 0.09 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 403 0.08 secs: 242 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 200 0.08 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 403 0.08 secs: 242 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 200 0.11 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 403 0.08 secs: 242 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 200 0.08 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 403 0.09 secs: 242 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 200 0.08 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 200 0.09 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 200 0.08 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 200 0.09 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 403 0.08 secs: 242 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 200 0.08 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 403 0.08 secs: 242 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 200 0.10 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 403 0.08 secs: 242 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 200 0.08 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 403 0.09 secs: 242 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 200 0.10 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 403 0.09 secs: 242 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 200 0.09 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 200 0.08 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 200 0.09 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 200 0.08 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 200 0.10 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt HTTP/1.1 200 0.08 secs: 75 bytes ==> /robots.txt The exac limits in place during this test run were: DOSHashTableSize 3097 DOSPageCount 10 DOSSiteCount 100 DOSPageInterval 10 DOSSiteInterval 10 DOSBlockingPeriod 120 DOSLogDir /var/log/mod_evasive DOSEmailNotify ***@gmail.com DOSWhitelist 127.0.0.1 So I would expect to be blocked at least 120 seconds after being blocked once. Any ideas aobut this? I also tried adding my configuration at different places (vhost, server config, directory context) and with of without ifmodule directive... This doesnt change anything.

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  • Where's the Swap File/Partition?

    - by chrisbunney
    I'm investigating the virtual memory configuration of a Debian based Amazon EC2 instance, and as my background isn't in system admin, I'm slightly confused by what I'm seeing. We're using MongoDB, and the monitoring server we have indicates that the Mongo process is using about 20GB of swap space, however I can't figure out where this is located on the server. As far as I can tell from using the various suggested methods from Google, there is either a much smaller amount, or none at all. top indicates that there is 1.8GB of swap memory: top - 15:35:21 up 6 days, 3:23, 1 user, load average: 1.60, 1.43, 1.37 Tasks: 47 total, 2 running, 45 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 1.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 14.7%id, 83.8%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.1%st Mem: 3928924k total, 2855572k used, 1073352k free, 640564k buffers Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 1887788k cached swapon -s doesn't seem to think there's any swap space: Filename Type Size Used Priority free -m doesn't think there's any swap either: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3836 3663 172 0 626 2701 -/+ buffers/cache: 336 3500 Swap: 0 0 0 And neither does vmstat: procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ----cpu---- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa 0 3 0 66224 641372 2874744 0 0 21 5012 21 33 2 2 76 19 But cat /etc/fstab thinks there is a swap partition: /dev/xvda1 / ext3 defaults 1 1 /dev/xvda2 /mnt ext3 defaults 0 0 /dev/xvda3 swap swap defaults 0 0 none /proc proc defaults 0 0 none /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 However df -k gives no indication of the xvda3 partition: Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/xvda1 16513960 15675324 0 100% / tmpfs 1964460 8 1964452 1% /lib/init/rw udev 1914148 28 1914120 1% /dev tmpfs 1964460 4 1964456 1% /dev/shm So I really don't know what to make of this, because I appear to have a process using about 10 times more virtual memory than what might be available, and I have no idea where this virtual memory is on the system. I'm probably misinterpreting the output of the tools, so I'd be grateful if someone would be able to set me straight: What have I got wrong, what's the right interpretation, and how do you reach that interpretation? EDIT0: We use 10gen's MMS for monitoring the database, the relevant section for memory from the last data point is: "mem": { "virtual": 20749, "bits": 64, "supported": true, "mappedWithJournal": 20376, "mapped": 10188, "resident": 1219 }, This JSON is specific to the database process (I believe) rather than the system as a whole. fdisk -l /dev/xvda outputs... nothing? I tried each of the 3 xvda entries in /etc/fstab as well: root@ip:~# fdisk -l /dev/xvda1 Disk /dev/xvda1: 34.4 GB, 34359738368 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4177 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/xvda1 doesn't contain a valid partition table root@ip:~# fdisk -l /dev/xvda2 root@ip:~# fdisk -l /dev/xvda3 root@ip:~# Edit1: Output of cat /proc/meminfo for the sake of completeness: MemTotal: 3928924 kB MemFree: 726600 kB Buffers: 648368 kB Cached: 2216556 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 1945100 kB Inactive: 994016 kB Active(anon): 60476 kB Inactive(anon): 12952 kB Active(file): 1884624 kB Inactive(file): 981064 kB Unevictable: 0 kB Mlocked: 0 kB SwapTotal: 0 kB SwapFree: 0 kB Dirty: 387180 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 73380 kB Mapped: 1188260 kB Shmem: 48 kB Slab: 149768 kB SReclaimable: 146076 kB SUnreclaim: 3692 kB KernelStack: 1104 kB PageTables: 16096 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 1964460 kB Committed_AS: 305572 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 16760 kB VmallocChunk: 34359721448 kB HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB DirectMap4k: 3932160 kB DirectMap2M: 0 kB

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  • dvd drive I/O error?

    - by bobby
    i get dis error evry time i burn a cd/dvd thru my dvd drive...!! Nero Burning ROM bobby 4C85-200E-4005-0004-0000-7660-0800-35X3-0000-407M-MX37-**** (*) Windows XP 6.1 IA32 WinAspi: - NT-SPTI used Nero Version: 7.11.3. Internal Version: 7, 11, 3, (Nero Express) Recorder: Version: UL01 - HA 1 TA 1 - 7.11.3.0 Adapter driver: HA 1 Drive buffer : 2048kB Bus Type : default CD-ROM: Version: 52PP - HA 1 TA 0 - 7.11.3.0 Adapter driver: HA 1 === Scsi-Device-Map === === CDRom-Device-Map === ATAPI-CD ROM-DRIVE-52MAX F: CdRom0 HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-H12N G: CdRom1 ======================= AutoRun : 1 Excluded drive IDs: WriteBufferSize: 83886080 (0) Byte BUFE : 0 Physical memory : 958MB (981560kB) Free physical memory: 309MB (317024kB) Memory in use : 67 % Uncached PFiles: 0x0 Use Inquiry : 1 Global Bus Type: default (0) Check supported media : Disabled (0) 11.6.2010 CD Image 10:43:02 AM #1 Text 0 File SCSIPTICommands.cpp, Line 450 LockMCN - completed sucessfully for IOCTL_STORAGE_MCN_CONTROL 10:43:02 AM #2 Text 0 File Burncd.cpp, Line 3186 HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-H12N Buffer underrun protection activated 10:43:02 AM #3 Text 0 File Burncd.cpp, Line 3500 Turn on Disc-At-Once, using CD-R/RW media 10:43:02 AM #4 Text 0 File DlgWaitCD.cpp, Line 307 Last possible write address on media: 359848 ( 79:59.73) Last address to be written: 318783 ( 70:52.33) 10:43:02 AM #5 Text 0 File DlgWaitCD.cpp, Line 319 Write in overburning mode: NO (enabled: CD) 10:43:02 AM #6 Text 0 File DlgWaitCD.cpp, Line 2988 Recorder: HL-DT-ST DVDRAM G SA-H12N; CDR co de: 00 97 27 18; O SJ entry from: Pla smon Data systems Ltd. ATIP Data: Special Info [hex] 1: D0 00 A0, 2: 61 1B 12 (LI 97:27.18), 3: 4F 3B 4A ( LO 79:59.74) Additional Info [hex] 1: 00 00 00 (invalid), 2: 00 00 00 (invalid), 3: 00 0 0 00 (invalid) 10:43:02 AM #7 Text 0 File DlgWaitCD.cpp, Line 493 Protocol of DlgWaitCD activities: TRM_DATA_MODE1, 2048, config 0, wanted index0 0 blocks, length 318784 blo cks [G: HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-H12N] -------------------------------------------------------------- 10:43:02 AM #9 Text 0 File ThreadedTransferInterface.cpp, Line 986 Prepare [G: HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-H12N] for write in CUE-sheet-DAO DAO infos: ========== MCN: "" TOCType: 0x00; Se ssion Clo sed, disc fixated Tracks 1 to 1: Idx 0 Idx 1 Next T rk 1: TRM_DATA_MODE1, 2048/0x00, FilePos 0 307200 6531768 32, ISRC "" DAO layout: =========== ___Start_|____Track_|_Idx_|_CtrlAdr_|_____Size_|______NWA_|_RecDep__________ -150 | lead-in | 0 | 0x41 | 0 | 0 | 0x00 -150 | 1 | 0 | 0x41 | 0 | 0 | 0x00 0 | 1 | 1 | 0x41 | 318784 | 318784 | 0x00 318784 | lead-out | 1 | 0x41 | 0 | 0 | 0x00 10:43:02 AM #10 Text 0 File SCSIPTICommands.cpp, Line 240 SPTILockVolume - completed successfully for FSCTL_LOCK_VOLUME 10:43:02 AM #11 Text 0 File Burncd.cpp, Line 4286 Caching options: cache CDRom or Network-Yes, small files-Yes ( ON 10:43:03 AM #19 Text 0 File MMC.cpp, Line 18034 CueData, Len=32 41 00 00 14 00 00 00 00 41 01 00 10 00 00 00 00 41 01 01 10 00 00 02 00 41 aa 01 14 00 46 34 22 10:43:03 AM #20 Text 0 File ThreadedTransfer.cpp, Line 268 Pipe memory size 83836800 10:43:16 AM #21 Text 0 File Cdrdrv.cpp, Line 1405 10:43:16.806 - G: HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-H12N : Queue again later 10:43:42 AM #22 SPTI -1502 File SCSIPassThrough.cpp, Line 181 CdRom1: SCSIStatus(x02) WinError(0) NeroError(-1502) Sense Key: 0x04 (KEY_HARDWARE_ERROR) Nero Report 2 Nero Burning ROM Sense Code: 0x08 Sense Qual: 0x03 CDB Data: 0x2A 00 00 00 4D 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 Sense Area: 0x70 00 04 00 00 00 00 10 53 29 A1 80 08 03 Buffer x0c7d9a40: Len x10000 0xDC 87 EB 41 6E AC 61 5A 07 B2 DB 78 B5 D4 D9 24 0x8D BC 51 38 46 56 0F EE 16 15 5C 5B E3 B0 10 16 0x14 B1 C3 6E 30 2B C4 78 15 AB D5 92 09 B7 81 23 10:43:42 AM #23 CDR -1502 File Writer.cpp, Line 306 DMA-driver error, CRC error G: HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-H12N 10:43:55 AM #24 Phase 38 File dlgbrnst.cpp, Line 1767 Burn process failed at 48x (7,200 KB/s) 10:43:55 AM #25 Text 0 File SCSIPTICommands.cpp, Line 287 SPTIDismountVolume - completed successfully for FSCTL_DISMOUNT_VOLUME 10:44:01 AM #26 Text 0 File Cdrdrv.cpp, Line 11412 DriveLocker: UnLockVolume completed 10:44:01 AM #27 Text 0 File SCSIPTICommands.cpp, Line 450 UnLockMCN - completed sucessfully for IOCTL_STORAGE_MCN_CONTROL Existing drivers: Registry Keys: HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\WinLogon Nero Report 3

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  • Windows 7 / Ubuntu Dualboot GRUB Problem.

    - by Tek
    I'd like to first say ahead of time that I'm running a RAID-0 Setup. 1.First of all, I'm glad Ubuntu 9.10 installed flawlessly and detected my RAID-0 setup just fine. The issue I'm having now is that I already had Windows 7 installed and made a small 12GB partition for Linux/Swap. I grabbed EasyBCD 2.0 to edit the W7 bootloader and configured it to use dual boot Grub2 because before it didn't even show the option for Ubuntu. The bootloader points to a file made in the windows directory made by EasyBCD called "C:\NST\AutoNeoGrub0.mbr" which is what I'm guessing grub is booting from. After that I got the option for booting Ubuntu. The problem is that it's sending me to the Grub prompt (probably because it's pointing to \NST|AutoNeoGrub0.mbr?), at first I didn't know what to do but I researched and have to type grub commands to manually boot into Ubuntu Linux. Ex: grubroot (hd0,4) grubkernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6... root=/dev/disk/by-uuid/24624-2424... grubinitrd boot/initrd.img-2.6... grubboot After all that Ubuntu boots just fine, but how do I fix it permanently? Do I need to edit the bootloader manually (since Easy BCD "autoconfigures")? Some insight on this would rock! Also, it sucks to type the actual uuid since it's REALLY long. I tried getting the name of the drive via fdisk -l but since it's raid 0 I'm guessing I can't do that. How can I get a shorter name of the drive? like /dev/sda, /dev/sdb etc? I've also tried to update to the latest GRUB and I got this: Creating config file /etc/default/grub with new version Generating core.img error: cannot seek /dev/sdc' error: cannot seek/dev/sdc' grub-probe: error: no mapping exists for nvidia_dbedfcca5' Auto-detection of a filesystem module failed. Please specify the module with the option--modules' explicitly. dpkg: error processing grub-pc (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of grub2: grub2 depends on grub-pc; however: Package grub-pc is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing grub2 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) I've also tried: b@dnb:~$ sudo update-grub error: cannot seek /dev/sdc' error: cannot seek/dev/sdc' Generating grub.cfg ... Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.31-14-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-2.6.31-14-generic error: cannot seek /dev/sdc' grub-probe: error: no mapping exists fornvidia_dbedfcca5' error: cannot seek /dev/sdc' grub-probe: error: no mapping exists fornvidia_dbedfcca5' Found memtest86+ image: /boot/memtest86+.bin Found Windows 7 (loader) on /dev/mapper/nvidia_dbedfcca1 error: cannot seek /dev/sdc' grub-probe: error: no mapping exists fornvidia_dbedfcca1' done To no avail. Any idea what I can do to fix this mess? :( Edit: This is my disk configuration. b@dnb:~$ sudo df -l Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/nvidia_dbedfcca5 12302232 2744788 8932520 24% / udev 1030288 268 1030020 1% /dev none 1030288 964 1029324 1% /dev/shm none 1030288 92 1030196 1% /var/run none 1030288 0 1030288 0% /var/lock none 1030288 0 1030288 0% /lib/init/rw /dev/sr0 706532 706532 0 100% /media/cdrom0 Note: /dev/mapper/nvidia_dbedfcca5 is my Linux boot partition

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