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  • Select only the first rows for each unique value of a column in R

    - by dmvianna
    From a dataframe like this test <- data.frame('id'= rep(1:5,2), 'string'= LETTERS[1:10]) test <- test[order(test$id), ] rownames(test) <- 1:10 > test id string 1 1 A 2 1 F 3 2 B 4 2 G 5 3 C 6 3 H 7 4 D 8 4 I 9 5 E 10 5 J I want to create a new one with the first appearance of each id / string pair. If sqldf accepted R code within it, the query could look like this: res <- sqldf("select id, min(rownames(test)), string from test group by id, string") > res id string 1 1 A 3 2 B 5 3 C 7 4 D 9 5 E Is there a solution short of creating a new column like test$row <- rownames(test) and running the same sqldf query with min(row)?

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  • Exit code 3 (not my return value, looking for source)

    - by Kathoz
    Greetings, my program exits with the code 3. No error messages, no exceptions, and the exit is not initiated by my code. The problem occurs when I am trying to read extremely long integer values from a text file (the text file is present and correctly opened, with successful prior reading). I am using very large amounts of memory (in fact, I think that this might be the cause, as I am nearly sure I go over the 2GB per process memory limit). I am also using the GMP (or, rather, MPIR) library to multiply bignums. I am fairly sure that this is not a file I/O problem as I got the same error code on a previous program version that was fully in-memory. System: MS Visual Studio 2008 MS Windows Vista Home Premium x86 MPIR 2.1.0 rc2 4GB RAM Where might this error code originate from? EDIT: this is the procedure that exits with the code void condenseBinSplitFile(const char *sourceFilename, int partCount){ //condense results file into final P and Q std::string tempFilename; std::string inputFilename(sourceFilename); std::string outputFilename(BIN_SPLIT_FILENAME_DATA2); mpz_class *P = new mpz_class(0); mpz_class *Q = new mpz_class(0); mpz_class *PP = new mpz_class(0); mpz_class *QQ = new mpz_class(0); FILE *sourceFile; FILE *resultFile; fpos_t oldPos; int swapCount = 0; while (partCount > 1){ std::cout << partCount << std::endl; sourceFile = fopen(inputFilename.c_str(), "r"); resultFile = fopen(outputFilename.c_str(), "w"); for (int i=0; i<partCount/2; i++){ //Multiplication order: //Get Q, skip P //Get QQ, mul Q and QQ, print Q, delete Q //Jump back to P, get P //Mul P and QQ, delete QQ //Skip QQ, get PP //Mul P and PP, delete P and PP //Get Q, skip P mpz_inp_str(Q->get_mpz_t(), sourceFile, CALC_BASE); fgetpos(sourceFile, &oldPos); skipLine(sourceFile); skipLine(sourceFile); //Get QQ, mul Q and QQ, print Q, delete Q mpz_inp_str(QQ->get_mpz_t(), sourceFile, CALC_BASE); (*Q) *= (*QQ); mpz_out_str(resultFile, CALC_BASE, Q->get_mpz_t()); fputc('\n', resultFile); (*Q) = 0; //Jump back to P, get P fsetpos(sourceFile, &oldPos); mpz_inp_str(P->get_mpz_t(), sourceFile, CALC_BASE); //Mul P and QQ, delete QQ (*P) *= (*QQ); (*QQ) = 0; //Skip QQ, get PP skipLine(sourceFile); skipLine(sourceFile); mpz_inp_str(PP->get_mpz_t(), sourceFile, CALC_BASE); //Mul P and PP, delete PP, print P, delete P (*P) += (*PP); (*PP) = 0; mpz_out_str(resultFile, CALC_BASE, P->get_mpz_t()); fputc('\n', resultFile); (*P) = 0; } partCount /= 2; fclose(sourceFile); fclose(resultFile); //swap filenames tempFilename = inputFilename; inputFilename = outputFilename; outputFilename = tempFilename; swapCount++; } delete P; delete Q; delete PP; delete QQ; remove(BIN_SPLIT_FILENAME_RESULTS); if (swapCount%2 == 0) rename(sourceFilename, BIN_SPLIT_FILENAME_RESULTS); else rename(BIN_SPLIT_FILENAME_DATA2, BIN_SPLIT_FILENAME_RESULTS); }

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  • Using reshape + cast to aggregate over multiple columns

    - by DamonJW
    In R, I have a data frame with columns for Seat (factor), Party (factor) and Votes (numeric). I want to create a summary data frame with columns for Seat, Winning party, and Vote share. For example, from the data frame df <- data.frame(party=rep(c('Lab','C','LD'),times=4), votes=c(1,12,2,11,3,10,4,9,5,8,6,15), seat=rep(c('A','B','C','D'),each=3)) I want to get the output seat winner voteshare 1 A C 0.8000000 2 B Lab 0.4583333 3 C C 0.5000000 4 D LD 0.5172414 I can figure out how to achieve this. But I'm sure there must be a better way, probably a cunning one-liner using Hadley Wickham's reshape package. Any suggestions? For what it's worth, my solution uses a function from my package djwutils_2.10.zip and is invoked as follows. But there are all sorts of special cases it doesn't deal with, so I'd rather rely on someone else's code. aggregateList(df, by=list(seat=seat), FUN=list(winner=function(x) x$party[which.max(x$votes)], voteshare=function(x) max(x$votes)/sum(x$votes)))

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  • Best way to search for a saturation value in a sorted list

    - by AB Kolan
    A question from Math Battle. This particular question was also asked to me in one of my job interviews. " A monkey has two coconuts. It is fooling around by throwing coconut down from the balconies of M-storey building. The monkey wants to know the lowest floor when coconut is broken. What is the minimal number of attempts needed to establish that fact? " Conditions: if a coconut is broken, you cannot reuse the same. You are left with only with the other coconut Possible approaches/strategies I can think of are Binary break ups & once you find the floor on which the coconut breaks use upcounting from the last found Binary break up lower index. Window/Slices of smaller sets of floors & use binary break up within the Window/Slice (but on the down side this would require a Slicing algorithm of it's own.) Wondering if there are any other way to do this.

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  • how to delete multiple folders,desktop and start menu shortcut using vbscript

    - by user1756858
    I never did any vbscript before, so i don't know if my question is very easy one. Following is the flow of steps that has to be done : Check if exist and delete a folder at c:\test1 if found and continue. If not found continue. Check if exist and delete a folder at c:\programfiles\test2 if found and continue. If not found continue. Check if a desktop shortcut and start menu shortcut exist and delete if found. If not exit. I could delete 2 folders with the following code: strPath1 = "C:\test1" strPath1 = "C:\test1" DeleteFolder strPath1 DeleteFolder strPath1 Function DeleteFolder(strFolderPath1) Dim objFSO, objFolder Set objFSO = CreateObject ("Scripting.FileSystemObject") If objFSO.FolderExists(strFolderPath) Then objFSO.DeleteFolder strFolderPath, True End If Set objFSO = Nothing But i need to run one script to delete 2 folders in different paths, 2 shortcuts one in start menu and one on desktop. I was experimenting with this code to delete the shortcut on my desktop: Dim WSHShell, DesktopPath Set WSHShell = WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell") DesktopPath = WSHShell.SpecialFolders("Desktop") on error resume next Icon = DesktopPath & "\sample.txt" Set fs = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") Set A = fs.GetFile(Icon) A.Delete WScript.Quit It works fine for txt file on desktop, but how do i delete a shortcut for an application from desktop as well as start menu.

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  • Working with multiple jQuery libraries and Prototype.

    - by Derek
    Ok, i saw some other posts about this sort of thing, but not exactly related. This is not what I want to do, but need to do unfortunately. We have in this order right now Prototype 1.6 jQuery 1.2.6 with noConflict on jQuery with j I need to add jQuery 1.4.2 in that mix as well. It will always be the last one loaded. No option. Is there anyway i can do this currently? I know this is not good, yada, yada, but it has to be done for now unfortunately. Thanks, Derek

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  • Adding Value into an Input Field

    - by McCrum
    Hey, I am working on an iPhone Web App using HTML & CSS. I have currently got the JavaScript/HTML5 Geolocation picking up my current location and showing me it on a Google Map using Lat & Long values. I also want to add these Lat & Long Values into the 'address' text field on the page so I can submit the details. Here is the link: http://m.belfi.co.uk/form.html When I click 'find me' I would like the lat and long to be added to the 'address' input field. Have no idea how to do this though :(

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  • Refactoring multiple if statements for user authentication with subdomains

    - by go minimal
    I'm building a typical web app where once a user signs up they access the app through their own subdomain (company.myapp.com). The "checking what kind of user if any is logged in" piece is starting to get very hairy and it obviously needs to be well-written because its run so often so I was wondering how you guys would re-factor this stuff. Here are the different states: A user must be logged in, the user must not have a company name, and the sub-domain must be blank A user must be logged in, the user must have a company name, that company name must match the current sub-domain A user must be logged in, the user must have a company name, that company name must match the current sub-domain, and the user's is_admin boolean is true if !session[:user_id].nil? @user = User.find(session[:user_id]) if @user.company.nil? && request.subdomains.first.nil? return "state1" elsif [email protected]? if @user.company.downcase == request.subdomains.first.downcase && [email protected]_admin return "state2" elsif @user.company.downcase == request.subdomains.first.downcase && @user.is_admin return "state3" end end end

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  • need to upload multiple files each with different parameters

    - by OM The Eternity
    I have a form in which there are total eight fields, name, address, age and 5 other file/photo upload fields such that at a time one upload field is visible.. Now here every time I upload a file i need to fill the "name, address and age" as well. at this point I dont want to submit the form, but I just want to save these values in any variable and get back to same form with information of previous file ready to be submitted, now again user can upload new file with new values in... and so on... as user is done with the 5 files he should not be allowed to upload more but he should be allowed to submit all the 5 files to DB along with there supporting fields.. How should I proceed further ...?

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  • Performing multiple fetches in Core Data within the same view

    - by yesimarobot
    I have my CD store setup and everything is working. Once my initial fetch is performed, I need to perform several fetches based on calculations using the data from my first fetch. The examples provided from Apple are great, and helped me get everything going but I'm struggling with executing successive fetches. Any suggestions, or tutorial links are appreciated. Table View loads data from CD store. When a user taps a row it pushes a detail view The detail view loads details from CD. [THE ABOVE STEPS ARE ALL WORKING] I perform several calculations on the data fetched in the detail view. I need to then perform several other fetches based on the results of my calculations.

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  • Aligning multiple images into one image?

    - by Gerald Kaszuba
    What is a good method to align images together that may have different rotations, exposures, etc, but have the same background or other fixed reference? Adobe Photoshop can do this with its "Photomerge" feature. How can I do this programatically? Is there an Open Source application that does it?

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  • Multiple has_many's of the same model

    - by Koning Baard
    I have these models: Person has_many :messages_form_person, :foreign_key => :from_user_id, :class_name => :messages has_many :messages_to_person, :foreign_key => :to_user_id, :class_name => :messages Message belongs_to :to_person, :foreign_key => :to_user_id, :class_name => :person belongs_to :from_person, :foreign_key => :to_user_id, :class_name => :person And this view: person#show <% @person.messages_to_person.each do |message| %> <%=h message.title %> <% end %> But I get this error: TypeError in People#show Showing app/views/people/show.html.erb where line #26 raised: can't convert Symbol into String Extracted source (around line #26): 23: <%=h @person.biography %> 24: </p> 25: 26: <% @person.messages_to_person.each do |message| %> 27: 28: <% end %> 29: I basicly want that people can send eachother messages. Can anyone help me? Thanks.

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  • Freetype2 (error-)return value documentation

    - by Awaki
    In short, I'm looking for documentation that would limit the error situations to check for after a Freetype library function failed, much like the OpenGL and Win32 APIs document the error codes generated by their respective functions. I can't seem to find such documentation though, so I was wondering how to best handle translation of Freetype errors to typed exceptions. Background: I am currently in the process of implementing font-rendering capability (using Freetype) for my GUI framework, which makes strong use of typed exceptions to indicate error situations. However, the Freetype docs seem to completely omit what errors can be expected from what functions. That, if such documentation does indeed not exist, would basically leave me with two options: either guessing which errors make sense for a certain Freetype function (obviously prone to mistakes on my part), or considering every error code for translation into appropriate exceptions (less verbose since I would have to write the translation only once). Performance isn't really critical in the code that calls the Freetype library, so even the latter option would probably be acceptable, but surely there must be some kind of documentation on which library calls may return what Freetype error? Is there any such documentation which I just somehow managed to not find? Should I go the route of generically expecting every error code for translation? Or are there other ways to approach this problem? By the way, I wanted to avoid introducing some kind of generic FreetypeException (containing a description of the Freetype error) since I intended to completely hide what libraries I'm using (not from a legal point-of-view, mind you), but I guess I can be convinced to do this anyway if the consensus is that it would be the best option. I don't think it matters for this question, but I'm writing in C++.

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  • java multiple operations depending on the type of the object passed

    - by mixm
    assuming i create a method which is passed an object, and that method would perform an action depending on the object passed. how should i identify the object? i thought of using the class name to identify the object, but may be impractical since i could easily change the class name of objects, and generate headaches during future development. am i right?

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  • Conditional value for ActiveRecord create method only

    - by Steve Wright
    I have a form where I have an administrator creating new users. The form uses the User model I created (login, password, first_name, etc...). For the last field on the form, I want to have a checkbox that doesn't need to be stored as part of the User record, but it is needed for the controller. This will control whether or not the newly created user will receive a welcome email or not. def create @user = User.new(params[:user]) if @user.save if @user.send_welcome_email UserMailer.welcome_email(@user).deliver end redirect_to(admin_users_url, :notice => "User #{@user.name} was successfully created.") else render :action => "new" end end In my view (haml) I am trying to access it like this: %p Send Welcome Email? = f.check_box :send_welcome_email I tried to make this an attr_accessible: :send_welcome_email but the controller does not recognize it. I get an undefined method 'send_welcome_email' for #&lt;User:0x00000100d080a8&gt; I would like it to look like this: What is the best way to get this working:

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  • Is possible to generate constant value during compilation?

    - by AOI Karasu
    I would like my classes to be identified each type by an unique hash code. But I don't want these hashed to be generated every time a method, eg. int GetHashCode(), is invoked during runtime. I'd like to use already generated constants and I was hoping there is a way to make the compiler do some come computing and set these constants. Can it be done using templates? Could you give me some example, if it is possible.

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  • Javascript not reading value from hidden textBox - JQuery C#

    - by Paul van Valkenburgh
    I'm a non-specialist with JavaScript / JQuery and I'm having trouble figuring out why my script doesn't work. When my C# page loads, I have a hidden textBox txtHiddenKeywordArray which gets dynamically filled with comma separated values like... horse, buggy, track I'm trying to use the highlight functionality in jquery.highlight-3.js where I have a label text field that will contain and highlight the words in the keywords list. I'm using the script <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> var myString = document.getElementById('<%=txtHiddenKeywordArray.ClientID%>').val() myArray = myString.split(" "); $(document).ready(function () { for (i = 0; i < myArray.length; i++) $("p").highlight(myArray[i]) }); </script> Here is the textBox declaration : <asp:TextBox ID="txtHiddenKeywordArray" ClientIDMode="Static" runat="server" Visible="false"></asp:TextBox> It worked great when I hard coded the values of var myString. I've tried researching it and keep seeing the same example of the way I have it done. The page does use a MasterPage. Could this affect it? Any idea how I can get the script to see the values from the textbox? Do I need a RegisterStartUpScript or something? Thanks for any help you can provide.

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  • Java ME scorecard with vector and multiple input fields/screens

    - by proximity
    I have made a scorecard with 5 holes, for each a input field (shots), and a image is shown. The input should be saved into a vector and shown on each hole, eg. hole 2: enter shots, underneath it "total shots: 4" (if you have made 4 shots on hole 1). In the end I would need a sum up of all shots, eg. Hole 1: 4 Hole 2: 3 Hole 3: 2 ... Total: 17 Could someone please help me with this task? { f = new Form("Scorecard"); d = Display.getDisplay(this); mTextField = new TextField("Shots:", "", 2, TextField.NUMERIC); f.append(mTextField); mStatus = new StringItem("Hole 1:", "Par 3, 480m"); f.append(mStatus); try { Image j = Image.createImage("/hole1.png"); ImageItem ii = new ImageItem("", j, 3, "Hole 1"); f.append(ii); } catch (java.io.IOException ioe) {} catch (Exception e) {} f.addCommand(mBackCommand); f.addCommand(mNextCommand); f.addCommand(mExitCommand); f.setCommandListener(this); Display.getDisplay(this).setCurrent(f); } public void startApp() { mBackCommand = new Command("Back", Command.BACK, 0); mNextCommand = new Command("Next", Command.OK, 1); mExitCommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 2); } public void pauseApp() { } public void destroyApp(boolean unconditional) { } public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable d) { if (c == mExitCommand) { destroyApp(true); notifyDestroyed(); } else if ( c == mNextCommand) { // -> go to next hole input! save the mTextField input into a vector. } } } ------------------------------ Full code --------------------------------- import java.util.; import javax.microedition.midlet.; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; public class ScorerMIDlet extends MIDlet implements CommandListener { private Command mExitCommand, mBackCommand, mNextCommand; private Display d; private Form f; private TextField mTextField; private Alert a; private StringItem mHole1; private int b; // repeat holeForm for all five holes and add the input into a vector or array. Display the values in the end after asking for todays date and put todays date in top of the list. Make it possible to go back in the form, eg. hole 3 - hole 2 - hole 1 public void holeForm(int b) { f = new Form("Scorecard"); d = Display.getDisplay(this); mTextField = new TextField("Shots:", "", 2, TextField.NUMERIC); f.append(mTextField); mHole1 = new StringItem("Hole 1:", "Par 5, 480m"); f.append(mHole1); try { Image j = Image.createImage("/hole1.png"); ImageItem ii = new ImageItem("", j, 3, "Hole 1"); f.append(ii); } catch (java.io.IOException ioe) {} catch (Exception e) {} // Set date&time in the end long now = System.currentTimeMillis(); DateField df = new DateField("Playing date:", DateField.DATE_TIME); df.setDate(new Date(now)); f.append(df); f.addCommand(mBackCommand); f.addCommand(mNextCommand); f.addCommand(mExitCommand); f.setCommandListener(this); Display.getDisplay(this).setCurrent(f); } public void startApp() { mBackCommand = new Command("Back", Command.BACK, 0); mNextCommand = new Command("OK-Next", Command.OK, 1); mExitCommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 2); b = 0; holeForm(b); } public void pauseApp() {} public void destroyApp(boolean unconditional) {} public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable d) { if (c == mExitCommand) { destroyApp(true); notifyDestroyed(); } else if ( c == mNextCommand) { holeForm(b); } } }

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  • Cannot output json from MySQL - getting null value

    - by sky
    I'm using following code but cannot return data from MySQL. This is the output: <script type="text/javascript"> var somethings= [null,null,null]; </script> It does have three post, but I couldn't get the title(message) output. EDIT: this is the code I'm using: <?php $session = mysql_connect('localhost','name','pass'); mysql_select_db('dbname', $session); $result= mysql_query('SELECT * FROM posts', $session); $somethings= array(); while ($row= mysql_fetch_assoc($result)) { $somethings[]= $row['something']; } ?> <script type="text/javascript"> var somethings= <?php echo json_encode($somethings); ?>; </script>

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  • Multiple calls to /dev/stdin using python subprocess (*nix)

    - by Alex Leach
    Hi, I have a python subprocess call which I would like to link up to three pipes (two standard in and one standard out). I know that there is only one /dev/stdin, but there's all those other devices in /dev I don't know about, and don't know of any python os, sys or subprocess modules that will utilise them in a manner which allows me to give the device path to subprocess.Popen. The reason I ask is because I would like to pipe information from a mysql database or tar archive rather than a directory structure I currently have which has 28,000 directories in. The directory names alone uses a LOT of space! The alternative is to tar / gunzip the entire directory structure and manoeuvre through the compressed archive. With either solution, mysql or tar, I would still like to have two pipes into subprocess.Popen and one out, so that I can bypass the HDD. Any need for an example??

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