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  • Resetting Objects vs. Constructing New Objects

    - by byronh
    Is it considered better practice and/or more efficient to create a 'reset' function for a particular object that clears/defaults all the necessary member variables to allow for further operations, or to simply construct a new object from outside? I've seen both methods employed a lot, but I can't decide which one is better. Of course, for classes that represent database connections, you'd have to use a reset method rather than constructing a new one resulting in needless connecting/disconnecting, but I'm talking more in terms of abstraction classes. Can anyone give me some real-world examples of when to use each method? In my particular case I'm thinking mostly in terms of ORM or the Model in MVC. For example, if I would want to retrieve a bunch of database objects for display and modify them in one operation.

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  • friendship database schema

    - by Daniel Hertz
    I'm creating a db schema that involves users that can be friends, and I was wondering what the best way to model the ability for these friends to have friendships. Should it be its own table that simply has two columns that each represent a user? Thanks!

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  • sql select with exact outcome

    - by Shiro
    Asking a simple question, just want everyone have fun to solve it. I got 2 tables. 1. Student 2. Course Student +----+--------+ | id | name | +----+--------+ | 1 | User1 | | 2 | User2 | +----+--------+ Course +----+------------+------------+ | id | student_id | course_name| +----+------------+------------+ | 1 | 1 | English | | 2 | 1 | Chinese | | 3 | 2 | English | | 4 | 2 | Japanese | +----+------------+------------+ I would like to get the result all student, who have taken English and Chinese, NOT English or Chinese. Expected result: +----+------------+------------+ | id | student_id | course_name| +----+------------+------------+ | 1 | 1 | English | | 2 | 1 | Chinese | +----+------------+------------+ What we normally do is select * from student join course on (student.id = course.student_id) WHERE course_name = 'English' OR course_name = 'Chinese' but in this result I can get User2 record which is not my expected result. I want the record only display the User take the course English+Chinese only.

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  • multi-shop orders table and sequential order numbers based on shop

    - by imanc
    Hey, I am looking at building a shop solution that needs to be scalable. Currently it retrieves 1-2000 orders on average per day across multiple country based shops (e.g. uk, us, de, dk, es etc.) but this order could be 10x this amount in two years. I am looking at either using separate country-shop databases to store the orders tables, or looking to combine all into one order table. If all orders exist in one table with a global ID (auto num) and country ID (e.g uk,de,dk etc.), each countries orders would also need to have sequential ordering. So in essence, we'd have to have a global ID and a country order ID, with the country order ID being sequential for countries only, e.g. global ID = 1000, country = UK, country order ID = 1000 global ID = 1001, country = DE, country order ID = 1000 global ID = 1002, country = DE, country order ID = 1001 global ID = 1003, country = DE, country order ID = 1002 global ID = 1004, country = UK, country order ID = 1001 THe global ID would be DB generated and not something I would need to worry about. But I am thinking that I'd have to do a query to get the current country order based ID+1 to find the next sequential number. Two things concern me about this: 1) query times when the table has potentially millions of rows of data and I'm doing a read before a write, 2) the potential for ID number clashes due to simultaneous writes/reads. With a MyISAM table the entire table could be locked whilst the last country order + 1 is retrieved, to prevent ID number clashes. I am wondering if anyone knows of a more elegant solution? Cheers, imanc

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  • [Ruby on Rails] Data Structure

    - by siulamvictor
    I am building a online form, with about 20 multiple choice checkboxes. I can get the nested data with this command. raise params.to_yaml I need to store these data and call them again later. I want to sort out which user chose which specific checkbox, i.e. who chose checkbox no.2? What's the best way to store these data in database?

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  • status update error (null field)

    - by ejah85
    hai guys... i .ve the problem that i cannot be recovered yet... i have one form where admin need to approve or reject the booking request... i've set the b_status field in table usage IN PROCESS default value... i want to update the b_status value BOOKING APPROVED when user click APPROVE button.. otherwise, the b_status will update the value as BOOKING REJECTED when user click on the REJECT button here's is the form code: <?php $db = mysql_connect('localhost','root') or die ("unable to connect"); mysql_select_db('fyp',$db) or die ("able to select"); $sql="SELECT * FROM vehicle WHERE v_status='READY'"; $result = mysql_query($sql) or die ("Query failed!"); ?> <tr><td>&nbsp;</td></tr> <tr> <tr> <td width="200"><font face="Arial" size="2" font color="#000000">Registration Number </font></td> <td><select name="regno"> <option value="" selected>--Registration No--</option> <?php while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result)){?> <option value="<?php echo $row['regno']; ?>"><?php echo $row['regno']; ?></option> <?php } ?> </select></td> <td><font face="Arial" size="2" font color="#000000">Reason</font></td> <td><textarea name="reason" rows="3" cols="50 "value = ""></textarea></td> </tr> <?php $db = mysql_connect('localhost','root') or die ("unable to connect"); mysql_select_db('fyp',$db) or die ("able to select"); $sql="SELECT * FROM driver WHERE d_status='READY'"; $result = mysql_query($sql) or die ("Query failed!"); ?> <tr> <td><font face="Arial" size="2" font color="#000000">Driver</font></td> <td><select id = "d_name" name="d_name"> <option value="" selected>--Driver Name--</option> <?php while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result)){?> <option value="<?php echo $row['d_name']; ?>"><?php echo $row['d_name']; ?></option> <?php } ?> </select></td> </tr> <tr> <?php mysql_close($db); ?> </table> <p></p> <center><input name="APPROVED" type="submit" id="APPROVED" value="APPROVED"> <input name="REJECT" type="submit" id="REJECT" value="REJECT"> </center> </div> </center> and this is the process page code: <?php $db = mysql_connect('localhost','root') or die ("unable to connect"); mysql_select_db('fyp',$db) or die ("able to select"); $bookingno=mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['bookingno']); $username=mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['username']); $name=mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['name']); $department=mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['department']); $g_date=mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['g_date']); $g_time=mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['g_time']); $r_date=mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['r_date']); $r_time=mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['r_time']); $destination=mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['destination']); $pass_num=mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['pass_num']); $trip_purpose=mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['trip_purpose']); $regno=mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['regno']); $d_name=mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['d_name']); $reason=mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['reason']); $b_status=mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['b_status']); $sql = "INSERT INTO `usage` VALUES('$bookingno','$username','$name','$department','$g_date','$g_time','$r_date','$r_time','$destination', '$pass_num','$trip_purpose','$regno','$d_name','$reason','$b_status')"; $query = "INSERT INTO `usage` VALUES b_status ='BOOKING APPROVED'"; $result = @mysql_query($query); $query1 = "UPDATE driver SET d_status ='OUT' WHERE '$d_name'=d_name"; $result1 = @mysql_query($query1); if(isset($_POST['APPROVED'])) { $query2 = "UPDATE `usage` SET b_status ='BOOKING APPROVED' WHERE '$b_status'='IN PROCESS'"; $result2 = @mysql_query($query2); } if (isset($_POST['REJECT'])) { $query3 = "UPDATE `usage` SET b_status ='BOOKING REJECTED' WHERE '$b_status'='IN PROCESS'"; $result3 = @mysql_query($query3); } //$result = mysql_query($sql) or die ("error!"); $result = mysql_query($sql) or trigger_error (mysql_error().' in '.$sql); i.ve the problem on the b_status field.. plz guys... help me ya :-)

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  • Indexing SET field

    - by Dienow
    I have two entities A and B. They are related with many to many relation. Entity A can be related up to 100 B entities. Entity B can be related up to 10000 A entities. I need quick way to select for example 30 A entities, that have relation with specified B entities, filtered and sorted by different attributes. Here how I see ideal solution: I put all information I know about A entities, including their relations with B entities into single row (Special table with SET field) then add all necessary indexes. The problem is that you can't use index while querying by SET field. What should I do? I can replace database with something different, if that'll help.

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  • How to get the answers version and use it in IF loop

    - by sai
    delimiter // DROP PROCEDURE `getData`// CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `getData`(IN templateName VARCHAR(45),IN templateVersion VARCHAR(45),IN userId VARCHAR(45)) BEGIN set @version = CONCAT("SELECT `saveOEMsData_answersVersion` FROM `saveOEMsData` WHERE `saveOEMsData_templateName` = '",templateName,"' AND `saveOEMsData_templateVersion` = ",templateVersion," AND `saveOEMsData_userId`= ",userId); PREPARE s1 from @version; EXECUTE S1; END // delimiter ; I am retreiving saveOEMsData_answersVersion, but I have to use it in an IF loop, as in if the version == 1, then I would use a query, else I would use something else. But I am not able to use the version. Could someone help with this?? I am only able to print but not able to use the version.

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  • How do I relate two models/tables in Django based on non primary non unique keys?

    - by wizard
    I've got two tables that I need to relate on a single field po_num. The data is imported from another source so while I have a little bit of control over what the tables look like but I can't change them too much. What I want to do is relate these two models so I can look up one from the other based on the po_num fields. What I really need to do is join the two tables so I can do a where on a count of the related table. I would like to do filter for all Order objects that have 0 related EDI856 objects. I tried adding a foreign key to the Order model and specified the db_column and to_fields as po_num but django didn't like that the fact that Edi856.po_num wasn't unique. Here are the important fields of my current models that let me display but not filter for the data that I want. class Edi856(models.Model): po_num = models.CharField(max_length=90, db_index=True ) class Order(models.Model): po_num = models.CharField(max_length=90, db_index=True) def in_edi(self): '''Has the edi been processed?''' return Edi856.objects.filter(po_num = self.po_num).count() Thanks for taking the time to read about my problem. I'm not sure what to do from here.

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  • How do I optimize this query?

    - by InnateDev
    SELECT DISTINCT wposts.* FROM wp_2_posts wposts, wp_2_postmeta wpostmeta, wp_2_postmeta wpostmeta1, wp_2_term_taxonomy, wp_2_terms, wp_2_term_relationships WHERE wposts.ID = wpostmeta.post_id AND wp_2_terms.term_id = '8' AND wp_2_term_taxonomy.term_id = wp_2_terms.term_id AND wp_2_term_taxonomy.term_taxonomy_id = wp_2_term_relationships.term_taxonomy_id AND wp_2_term_relationships.object_id = wposts.ID AND wpostmeta.meta_key = 'validity' AND wpostmeta.meta_value > '".$logic_date."' AND wpostmeta1.meta_key != 'permanent' AND wposts.post_status = 'publish' AND wposts.post_type = 'post' ORDER BY wposts.post_date DESC

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  • Converting a certain SQL query into relational algebra

    - by Fumler
    Just doing an assignment for my database course and I just want to double check that I've correctly wrapped my head around relational algebra. The SQL query: SELECT dato, SUM(pris*antall) AS total FROM produkt, ordre WHERE ordre.varenr = produkt.varenr GROUP BY dato HAVING total >= 10000 The relational algebra: stotal >= 10000( ?R(dato, total)( sordre.varenr = produkt.varenr( datoISUM(pris*antall(produkt x ordre)))) Is this the correct way of doing it?

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  • SQL Filter Multiple Tables Data

    - by Brad
    If it matters, I'm using Firebird 2.1 database. I have three tables, one with keywords, one with negative keywords, and the other with required keywords. I need to be able to filter the data so the output has just the keywords that meat the stipulation of not being in the negative keyword list, and IF there are any required words, then it will require the results to have those keywords in the end result. The tables are very similar, the field in the tables that I would be matching against are all called keyword. I don't know SQL very well at all. I'm guessing it would be something like SELECT keyword from keywordstable where keyword in requiredkeywordstable and where NOT in negativekeywordstable Just a side note, The required keywords table could be empty which would mean there are no required keywords. Any help would be appreciated. -Brad

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  • Contradictory MySqlReader errors

    - by Lazlo
    MySqlCommand command = connection.CreateCommand(); command.CommandText = string.Format("SELECT * FROM characters WHERE account_id = '{0}'", this.ID); MySqlDataReader reader = command.ExecuteReader(); while (filler.Reader.Read()) { ... } I get an error at the last line saying "Invalid attempt to Read when reader is closed." Now, if I add another line before it, as in: MySqlCommand command = connection.CreateCommand(); command.CommandText = string.Format("SELECT * FROM characters WHERE account_id = '{0}'", this.ID); MySqlDataReader reader = command.ExecuteReader(); reader = command.ExecuteReader(); // Here. while (filler.Reader.Read()) { ... } I get an error at that new line saying "There is already an open DataReader associated with this Connection which must be closed first." Alright, I don't want to get picky here, but is my reader open or closed?

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  • InnoDB or MyISAM - Why not both?

    - by Skoder
    Hey. I'm new to databases, and I've read various threads about which is better between InnoDB and MyISAM. It seems that the debates are to use or the other. Is it not possible to use both, depending on the table? What would be the disadvantages in doing this? As far as I can tell, the engine can be set during the CREATE TABLE command. Therefore, certain tables which are often read can be set to MyISAM, but tables that need transaction support can use InnoDB. I'm sure there must be a problem, otherwise this would be the ultimate answer :).

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  • Foreign key pointing to different tables

    - by Álvaro G. Vicario
    I'm implementing a table per subclass design I discussed in a previous question. It's a product database where products can have very different attributes depending on their type, but attributes are fixed for each type and types are not manageable at all. I have a master table that holds common attributes: product_type ============ product_type_id INT product_type_name VARCHAR E.g.: 1 'Magazine' 2 'Web site' product ======= product_id INT product_name VARCHAR product_type_id INT -> Foreign key to product_type.product_type_id valid_since DATETIME valid_to DATETIME E.g. 1 'Foo Magazine' 1 '1998-12-01' NULL 2 'Bar Weekly Review' 1 '2005-01-01' NULL 3 'E-commerce App' 2 '2009-10-15' NULL 4 'CMS' 2 '2010-02-01' NULL ... and one subtable for each product type: item_magazine ============= item_magazine_id INT title VARCHAR product_id INT -> Foreign key to product.product_id issue_number INT pages INT copies INT close_date DATETIME release_date DATETIME E.g. 1 'Foo Magazine Regular Issue' 1 89 52 150000 '2010-06-25' '2010-06-31' 2 'Foo Magazine Summer Special' 1 90 60 175000 '2010-07-25' '2010-07-31' 3 'Bar Weekly Review Regular Issue' 2 12 16 20000 '2010-06-01' '2010-06-02' item_web_site ============= item_web_site_id INT name VARCHAR product_id INT -> Foreign key to product.product_id bandwidth INT hits INT date_from DATETIME date_to DATETIME E.g. 1 'The Carpet Store' 3 10 90000 '2010-06-01' NULL 2 'Penauts R Us' 3 20 180000 '2010-08-01' NULL 3 'Springfield Cattle Fair' 4 15 150000 '2010-05-01' '2010-10-31' Now I want to add some fees that relate to one specific item. Since there are very little subtypes, it's feasible to do this: fee === fee_id INT fee_description VARCHAR item_magazine_id INT -> Foreign key to item_magazine.item_magazine_id item_web_site_id INT -> Foreign key to item_web_site.item_web_site_id net_price DECIMAL E.g.: 1 'Front cover' 2 NULL 1999.99 2 'Half page' 2 NULL 500.00 3 'Square banner' NULL 3 790.50 4 'Animation' NULL 3 2000.00 I have tight foreign keys to handle cascaded editions and I presume I can add a constraint so only one of the IDs is NOT NULL. However, my intuition suggests that it would be cleaner to get rid of the item_WHATEVER_id columns and keep a separate table: fee_to_item =========== fee_id INT -> Foreign key to fee.fee_id product_id INT -> Foreign key to product.product_id item_id INT -> ??? But I can't figure out how to create foreign keys on item_id since the source table varies depending on product_id. Should I stick to my original idea?

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  • How to generate a user role grid

    - by Svish
    I have the following tables: users (id, username, ... ) roles (id, name) roles_users (user_id, role_id) I am wondering how I can create a nice sort of user-role-grid from that which an admin can use to administer roles to users in a clear way. What I would like is basically a table full of checkboxes sort of like this: Login Editor Admin Alice ¦ ¦ ¦ Bob ¦ ? ? Carol ¦ ¦ ? [Apply] Generating the table isn't too much of a deal, but I am very unsure how to handle it when it comes to how to name all the checkboxes and especially how to read and update the database in a not too clumsy way. Does anyone have any good advice or pointers on how to do this in a mostly clean way? I'm using the Kohana 3 framework, if there is anything there that can make this even easier, but I of course welcome any answer.

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  • Getting dynamic childs for a parent in SQL

    - by Islam
    I have a table called Categories which contains category_Id and parent_category_Id, so each category can has a child and the child can has a child and so on (it is dynamic). So if i have category A and category A has child B and child B has child C and child C has child D. I want to get all the child tree of A using SQL so when I give this query the id of A its result will be the ids of A's child which is B,C & D.....any ideas. Thanks in regards,

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  • Getting the most recent post based on date

    - by camcim
    Hi guys, How do I go about displaying the most recent post when I have two tables, both containing a column called creation_date This would be simple if all I had to do was get the most recent post based on posts created_on value however if a post contains replies I need to factor this into the equation. If a post has a more recent reply I want to get the replies created_on value but also get the posts post_id and subject. The posts table structure: CREATE TABLE `posts` ( `post_id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment, `cat_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL, `user_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL, `subject` tinytext NOT NULL, `comments` text NOT NULL, `created_on` datetime NOT NULL, `status` varchar(10) NOT NULL default 'INACTIVE', `private_post` varchar(10) NOT NULL default 'PUBLIC', `db_location` varchar(10) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`post_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=7 ; The replies table structure: CREATE TABLE `replies` ( `reply_id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment, `post_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL, `user_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL, `comments` text NOT NULL, `created_on` datetime NOT NULL, `notify` varchar(5) NOT NULL default 'YES', `status` varchar(10) NOT NULL default 'INACTIVE', `db_location` varchar(10) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`reply_id`) ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=5 ; Here is my query so far. I've removed my attempt of extracting the dates. $strQuery = "SELECT posts.post_id, posts.created_on, replies.created_on, posts.subject "; $strQuery = $strQuery."FROM posts ,replies "; $strQuery = $strQuery."WHERE posts.post_id = replies.post_id "; $strQuery = $strQuery."AND posts.cat_id = '".$row->cat_id."'";

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  • what's wrong with this code?

    - by Piyush
    $child= array(); $i = 0; while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result, MYSQL_ASSOC)) { $child[i] = $row['userId']; $i++; } $i = 0; while($i<=5) { echo $child[i]; $i++; } It is printing same value.

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  • Do i need to dispose of MySqlCommand?

    - by acidzombie24
    I find it incredibly annoying to write a using statement on every one of my queries (which require its own command or write parameters.clear()) which sometimes require declaring variables outside of the using block. Its so incredibly annoying and looks much dirtier compared to the version without disposing the object. Do i need to dispose of it? what happens if i dont? I do know its good practice to dispose of an object when it has that interface.

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  • What are some methods to prevent double posting in a form? (PHP)

    - by jpjp
    I want to prevent users from accidentally posting a comment twice. I use the PRG (post redirect get) method, so that I insert the data on another page then redirect the user back to the page which shows the comment. This allows users to refresh as many times as they want. However this doesn't work when the user goes back and clicks submit again or when they click submit 100 times really fast. I don't want 100 of the same comments. I looked at related questions on SO and found that a token is best. But I am having trouble using it. //makerandomtoken(20) returns a random 20 length char. <form method="post" ... > <input type="text" id="comments" name="comments" class="commentbox" /><br/> <input type="hidden" name="_token" value="<?php echo $token=makerandomtoken(20); ?>" /> <input type="submit" value="submit" name="submit" /> </form> if (isset($_POST['submit']) && !empty($comments)) { $comments= mysqli_real_escape_string($dbc,trim($_POST['comments'])); //how do I make the if-statment to check if the token has been already set once? if ( ____________){ //don't insert comment because already clicked submit } else{ //insert the comment into the database } } So I have the token as a hidden value, but how do I use that to prevent multiple clicking of submit. METHODS: someone suggested using sessions. I would set the random token to $_SESSION['_token'] and check if that session token is equal to the $_POST['_token'], but how do I do that? When I tried, it still doesn't check

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  • SQL query to retrieve financial year data grouped by the year

    - by mlevit
    Hi, I have a database with lets assume two columns (service_date & invoice_amount). I would like to create an SQL query that would retrieve and group the data for each financial year (July to June). I have two years of data so that is two financial years (i.e. 2 results). I know I can do this manually by creating an SQL query to group by month then run the data through PHP to create the financial year data but I'd rather have an SQL query. All ideas welcome. Thanks

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  • Rails advanced queries with join and sum calculation

    - by Dustin Brewer
    I have two models: companies and expenses. Companies have many expenses and expenses belong to companies. My expense model has an 'amount' column. I was wondering if there is a way to perform a find based on a date range and the amount column of the expenses. Something like top 3 companies by total expense amounts over a 7 day period. I've tried for the better part of the day to get this to work, I've attempted joins, chaining named scopes, raw sql, etc. and I'm not having any luck. Thanks for the help.

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