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• How do I setup unison to sync a folder one way

  - by Rob

  I have a 1tb NAS that has a 1tb usb external hard attached I have prepared the file system on the usb disk and mounted it I want to 100% sync my data from my nas to the usb disk - but I want it to be incremental and only have the NAS as the 'master' - eg if a file changes on the usb external hard drive I want it to ignore this change as its not the live version (not that I think the files will change on the usb disk but im paranoid the live could get overwritten) Also if a file gets deleted on live I want to retain the deleted file on the usb disk Can unison sync one-way and achive the above for me? if so with simply unison sorce/ target/ Work? Thanks Rob

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• No architecture vs architecture-specific binaries

  - by Aaron

  From what I understand, the noarch suffix means that it's architecture independent and should work universally. If this is the case, why should I install architecture-specific packages at all? Why not just go straight for the noarch? Are there optimizations in the x86 or x64 binaries that aren't found in the noarch binaries? What's best for high performance applications? Folding@Home does this with their controller:

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• Cloning an LVM disk with dd?

  - by joeforker

  I would like to clone a smaller LVM-formatted disk onto a larger one using dd, and boot that disk in the same machine. Do I need to make any special considerations for LVM?

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• Why apache throws 403 on index file after install?

  - by den-javamaniac

  Hi. I've just installed apache and php from sources using next commands: ./configure --prefix="/mnt/workspace/servers/web/apache-2.2.17" \ --enable-info --enable-rewrite --enable-usertrack --enable-mime-magic for apache and ./configure --with-apxs2=/mnt/workspace/servers/web/apache-2.2.17/bin/apxs \ --prefix=/mnt/workspace/servers/web/apache-2.2.17/php \ --with-config-file-path=/mnt/workspace/servers/web/apache-2.2.17/php \ --with-mysql=mysqlnd for php. After adjusting configuration (httpd.conf) and starting apache it gives a 403 response on http://localhost:8060/index.html (presuming that 8060 is used) request. There are next directory settings in httpd.conf: <Directory "/mnt/workspace/servers/web/apache-2.2.17/htdocs"> ... Order allow,deny Allow from all ... </Directory> <IfModule dir_module> DirectoryIndex index.html index.php </IfModule> It should be noted that I've got apache on a mounted (default auto mount configured while installing ubuntu) partition. Log Files Access log: ::1 - - [12/Feb/2011:17:48:30 +0200] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 403 202 ::1 - - [12/Feb/2011:17:48:31 +0200] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 403 213 ::1 - - [12/Feb/2011:17:48:48 +0200] "GET /index.html HTTP/1.1" 403 212 ::1 - - [12/Feb/2011:17:48:48 +0200] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 403 213 ::1 - - [12/Feb/2011:17:49:03 +0200] "GET /index.html HTTP/1.1" 403 212 ::1 - - [12/Feb/2011:17:49:03 +0200] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 403 213 Error log: [Sat Feb 12 18:59:13 2011] [notice] Apache/2.2.17 (Unix) PHP/5.3.5 configured -- resuming normal operations [Sat Feb 12 18:59:22 2011] [error] [client ::1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Sat Feb 12 18:59:22 2011] [error] [client ::1] (13)Permission denied: access to /favicon.ico denied [Sat Feb 12 18:59:36 2011] [error] [client ::1] (13)Permission denied: access to /index.html denied

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• Redhat cpanel how to limit cpu for a perticular user.

  - by Ahmed M Fituri

  Hello, I have a web server with multiple users in it. one of these users uses mambo, and the cpu usage of this user is more than 90% which leads to a very slow performance of the machine, I have installed cpulimit version 1.1. but there is no particular command that limits the cpu per user. I need to limit this user for at least 50% . please help me ASAP. Thank you.

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• Noob proftpd questions

  - by Camran

  I have setup my VPS pretty much now, and want to upload some basic files to the server. How is this done in Ubuntu 9.10? I have PuTTY and use the terminal there... Is there any ftp program, like in regular managed hostings, to just upload files with? I was thinking about proftpd, but don't have a clue how to get it to work. I am using my home-laptop with windows xp to command the VPS. Thanks

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• Noob proftpd questions

  - by Camran

  I have setup my VPS pretty much now, and want to upload some basic files to the server. How is this done in Ubuntu 9.10? I have PuTTY and use the terminal there... Is there any ftp program, like in regular managed hostings, to just upload files with? I was thinking about proftpd, but don't have a clue how to get it to work. I am using my home-laptop with windows xp to command the VPS. Thanks

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• RTL8168B/8111B Lan card is not detected in RHEL5.1..Not finding Lan card driver for this particular

  - by Deepak Narwal

  Hello friends... In My computer Lan card model is Realtek RTL8168B/8111B PCI-E GIGABIT ETHERNET NIC (NDIS 6.20) My system is dual boot windows 7 and redhat 5.1 Now windows 7 automatically detected this lan card but in redhat lan card is not detected.I have tried to through evrywhere like network or through neat-tui but it is not showing lan card.. I tried google also but all of them providing windows software for this lan card . So please anyone can tell me the link so that i can download drivers for this and can use internet there.. Thanks a lot in advance Deepak Narwal

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• What is wrong with my Watcher (incron-like) daemon?

  - by eric01

  I have installed Watcher this way: both watcher.py and watcher.ini are located in /etc I also installed pyinotify and it does work when I use python -m pyinotify -v /var/www However, I want to use the daemon and when I start watcher.py, I get weird lines on my watcher.log (see below). I also included my watcher.ini file. Note: I have the latest version of Python. The watcher.py can be found here What is wrong with what I did? Also, do I really need pyinotify? Thanks a lot for your help watcher.ini: [DEFAULT] logfile=/var/log/watcher.log pidfile=/var/run/watcher.pid [job1] watch=/var/www events=create,delete,modify recursive=true command=mkdir /home/mockfolder ## just using this as test watcher.log: 2012-09-22 04:28:23.822029 Daemon started 2012-09-22 04:28:23.822596 job1: /var/www Traceback (most recent call last): File "/etc/watcher.py", line 359, in <module> daemon.start() File "/etc/watcher.py", line 124, in start self.run() File "/etc/watcher.py", line 256, in run autoadd = self.config.getboolean(section,'autoadd') File "/usr/lib/python2.7/ConfigParser.py", line 368, in getboolean v = self.get(section, option) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/ConfigParser.py", line 618, in get raise NoOptionError(option, section) ConfigParser.NoOptionError: No option 'autoadd' in section: 'job1'

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• Network problems with Ubuntu on VMware

  - by svick

  I'm running Ubuntu 10.04 inside VMware Player running under Windows Vista and I can't connect to the internet or the host computer from the Ubuntu. I have set all the VMware services to “manual” (like VMware DHCP Service), but starting them manually doesn't help. In VMware, the network seems to work (there is a green dot beside the network icon) and I have tried both Bridged and NAT settings. ifconfig doesn't show the eth1 interface, unless I give it as a parameter (or use -a). I think this means that Ubuntu thinks that the network isn't connected at all. How do I fix this? ifconvadmin@ubu1004:~$ ifconfig lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:56 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:56 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:4192 (4.1 KB) TX bytes:4192 (4.1 KB) vadmin@ubu1004:~$ ifconfig eth1 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0c:29:2d:a0:6f BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) Interrupt:18 Base address:0x2000

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• How do I enable TUN/TAP forwarding?

  - by rafal

  I have a program which writes packets (destination address 10.3.0.2) to the TUN/TAP interface. Network: host1|tun0----eth1(10.3.0.1)|-------------------host2|eth1(10.3.0.2)| Wireshark captures these packets from interface tun0 but they are not forwarded to interface eth1. Commands: sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 sysctl -p iptables -A INPUT -i tun+ -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i tun+ -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i tap+ -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -i tap+ -j ACCEPT /etc/init.d/networking restart /etc/init.d/openvpn restart

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• Using the link command to keep backups on another drive

  - by Xavier

  I have a folder that contains a not so large amount of space called /data/backup. I have been told that if I link that folder (/data/backup) to an even bigger folder area like /bigdata/backup for example, that I will be able to execute backups to the /data/backup folder. It will then just create a link, but the data will be seen in both folders and the latter one (/bigdata/backup) will contain the backup results but it will show on both folders. Since the /bigdata/backup has far more disk space then the backup will no longer fail because of space problems in the /data/backup one. Is this true?

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• when to use squid on server side?

  - by ajsie

  so i have set up apache serving my php pages. i read about squid but don't understand why/how i should use it to speed up my web server. from what i've learned squid is located in same network (or another) and caches content requested by the web browsers, and then when another web browser wants a same page, squid returns that page cached locally, so it never sends a request to the apache server (faster response time for the client, and reduced load for the server). so it seems that squid is for the client side (web browser), and has nothing to do with the server side (apache). but then some people tell others how they have speeded up apache using squid. so im confused. could squid be used on the server side too? and how will it work?

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• How to query a DHCP server to get the local DNS serves

  - by Dan Berlyoung

  I have a ClarkConnect (CentOS based) box running as my home router on a RR connection. I had the DNS servers set up to use Google's DNS server. I want to change them back to the local DNS servers but I can't find an obvious/easy way to get those address short of a)reconfiguring the router's network to DHCP them (would rather not interrupt everyone) or b)calling their T/S (kill me now!). Is there a command line tool/command I can use to query the DHCP server on the external NIC to see what DNS servers it would set me up with w/o munging my existing setup?

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• Start multiple Firefoxes; Xephyr rootless mode

  - by Vi

  How to have multiple independent instances of Mozilla Firefox 3.5 on the same X server, but started from different user accounts (consequently, different profiles)? Limited success was only with Xephyr :1, DISPLAY=:1 /usr/local/bin/firefox, but Xephyr has no Cygwin/X's "rootless" mode so it not comfortable. The idea is to have one Firefox instance for various "Serious Business" things and the other for regular browsing with dozens of add-ons securely isolated. /* Requested tags: xephyr rootless */

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• External routing for local interfaces in a virtualized network

  - by Arkaitz Jimenez

  Current setup: br0| |-- tun10 -pipe-tun0(192.240.240.1) |-- tun11 -pipe-tun1(192.240.240.2) |-- tun12 -pipe-tun2(192.240.240.3) The pipe program is a custom program that forwards data back2back between two tun interfaces. The idea is puting 2 programs in .2 and .3 while keeping .1 as the local interface in the current machine. The main problem is that I want to route packets to .2 and to .3 through .1 and br0, but as they are local interfaces, the kernel ignores any routing instruction, it just delivers the packet to the proper interface. Tried iptables, but the nat table doesn't even see ping packets to those ifaces. A "ping 192.240.240.2" delivers a icmp packet with source and dest .2 to tun1, ideally it should deliver a source .1 dest .2 at tun1 through tun0-br0-tun1 Any hint? Here the output of some commands: Output

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• Deployment and Ownership issues

  - by kylemac

  As an extreme newbie, I am having difficulty managing ownership and permissions on my first box. What I can't figure out is how to deploy using one user, we will call him deploy and operate my php application with www-data user. Currently as it stands, I know my server runs as www-data through this function <?php echo(exec("whoami")); ?> but I am having to chown between deploy and www-data every time I deploy. There has got to be an easier way to deploy with one user and still run as www-data. EDIT: Here is the output from ls- l on the folder in question. You will see user deploy and group www-pub, the group is from an attempt to add the two different users to a new group and chown one of them in the hopes that they both would have the permissions (newb alert) drwxrwxr-x 4 deploy www-pub 4096 Mar 7 01:41 example.com I am using capistrano for deployment under the user deploy then once its done i chown to www-data, otherwise I can't use php to manipulate files. I am also unsure how to even change which user apache is running.

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• fedora liveUSB fails, drops to debug shell

  - by evan

  Trying to install Fedora 15 via a live USB made with unetbootin. I get to the unetbootin boot menu, select Fedora-15-x86_64-Live-Desktop.is, I get to this screen, then it drops into a debug shell with the message sh: can't access tty: job control turned off. The last message is dmseg is dracut Warning: No root device "live:/dev/disk/by-label/Fedora-15-Beta-x86_64-Live-Desktop.is" found. Seems to be the same problem detailed here. Tried to try nk1eto's solution but there is no by-label directory in /dev/disk. There's by-id, by-path and by-uuid.

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• Run a script with Apache2 in a certain directory

  - by TheGatorade

  I am trying to run WebMCP on an Apache2 server. It's got 2 executable files, which I have in /opt/webmcp/cgi-bin/webmcp.lua and /opt/webmcp/cgi-bin/webmcp-wrapper.lua If I run the wrapper from a position that is not /opt/webmcp/cgi-bin it says it cannot find webmcp.lua and gives a 500 error. If I run it from the correct directory it works. My server has webmcp.lua set as directoryindex and it's giving 500 error. It may be because of this problem? /opt/webmcp/cgi-bin/ is already set as documentroot, and is accessible by www-data.

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• spoofing user agent in konqueror globally

  - by timbro

  there's browser identification menu for spoofing for specific sites, but i need to change user agent for all sites... how do i do it?

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• How to debug a kernel created using ubuntu-vm-builder?

  - by user265592

  Aim: Trying to perform a code walkthrough of what functions are getting called for sending and receiving packets over the network. I am building a kernel and using gdb for debugging/ tracing purposes. I have build a vm using the following command : time sudo ubuntu-vm-builder qemu precise --arch 'amd64' --mem '1024' --rootsize '4096' --swapsize '1024' --kernel-flavour 'generic' --hostname 'ubuntu' --components 'main' --name 'Bob' --user 'ubuntu' --pass 'ubuntu' --bridge 'br0' --libvirt 'qemu:///system' And I can run the VM successfully in qemu using the following command: qemu-system-x86_64 -smp 1 -drive file=tmpGgEOzK.qcow2 "$@" -net nic -net user -serial stdio -redir tcp:2222::22 Now, I want to debug the kernel using gdb. For this I need an executable with debug symbols(vmlinux), which apparently I don't have, as the vm-builder never asked for any such options and simply created a .qcow2 file. Question 1: Am I taking the correct approach to solve the problem and is there an easier way to do it? Question 2: Is there a way to debug this kernel using GDB? P.S: I don't have hardware support for KVM. Please correct me if I am wrong. Thanks.

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• idle proccesses and high memory bad? uwsgi/django

  - by JimJimThe3rd

  I have a VPS with 256MB of ram. I'm running nginx, uwsgi and postgresql on Ubuntu 12.04 for a soon to be Django site. About 200MB of ram are being used despite the website not being active, the uwsgi processes seem to just be idling. Is this bad? I once heard that having a bunch of free memory isn't necessarily a good metric because it is possible that the memory in use can easily be freed up. I mean, it is possible that the server is storing commonly used "stuff" in case it is accessed but is more than happy to dump it if the ram is needed. But I'm really not sure, hence me asking this question. If it is bad I could set some of the application loading options for uwsgi like "cheap" or "idle" mode. Screenshot of my htop

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• pthread-stubs for CentOS

  - by Rodnower

  Hello, I try to install Mesa 7.8 for CentOS 5. During installation of Mesa I required to install librdm, and during librdm (v. 2.4.19) installing I got error about missing pthread-stubs: checking for PTHREADSTUBS... configure: error: Package requirements (pthread-stubs) were not met: When I try: yum provides *pthread-stubs* I get nothing In other place I found that libxcb-devel is what I need, but yum not find this too. During searching in Google, I found rpm's for Fedora only. Any one know whether there is some packege which provides pthread-stubs for CentOS, or other, less expensive way to install Mesa? Thank you for ahead.

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• How to query a DHCP server to get the local DNS serves

  - by Dan Berlyoung

  I have a ClarkConnect (CentOS based) box running as my home router on a RR connection. I had the DNS servers set up to use Google's DNS server. I want to change them back to the local DNS servers but I can't find an obvious/easy way to get those address short of a)reconfiguring the router's network to DHCP them (would rather not interrupt everyone) or b)calling their T/S (kill me now!). Is there a command line tool/command I can use to query the DHCP server on the external NIC to see what DNS servers it would set me up with w/o munging my existing setup?

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• How to copy symlinks to target as normal folders

  - by Marek

  Hi i have a folder with symlinks: marek@marek$ ls -al /usr/share/solr/ razem 36 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 2010-11-30 08:25 . drwxr-xr-x 358 root root 12288 2010-11-26 12:25 .. drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 2010-11-24 14:29 admin lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 2010-11-24 14:29 conf -> /etc/solr/conf i want to copy it to ~/solrTest but i want to copy files from symlink as well when i try to cp -r /usr/share/solr/ ~/solrTest i will have symlink here: marek@marek$ ls -al ~/solrTest razem 36 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 2010-11-30 08:25 . drwxr-xr-x 358 root root 12288 2010-11-26 12:25 .. drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 2010-11-24 14:29 admin lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 2010-11-24 14:29 conf -> /etc/solr/conf

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