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  • Resources for game networking in Java

    - by pudelhund
    I am currently working on a Java multiplayer game. The game itself (single player) already works perfectly fine and so does the chat. The only thing that is really missing is the multiplayer part. Sadly I am absolutely clueless on where to start with that. I roughly know that I will have to work with packages, and I also know many things about streaming etc (chat is already working). Oh and it should - according to this article - be a UDP server. My problem is that I can't find any resources on how to do this. A tutorial (book or website) would be perfect, alternatively a good example of an open source client/server (in Java of course) would be fine as well. If you feel like doing something helpful I'd also really appreciate someone "privately" teaching me via email or some chat program :) Thank you!

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  • Adding Vertices to a dynamic mesh via Method Call

    - by Raven Dreamer
    I have a C# Struct with a static method, "Get Shape" which populates a List with the vertices of a polyhedron. Method Signature: public static void GetShape(Block b, int x, int y, int z, List<Vector3> vertices, List<int> triangles, List<Vector2> uvs, List<Vector2> uv2s) Adding directly to the vertices list (via vertices.Add(vector3) ), the code works as expected, and the new polyhedron appears when I trigger the method. However, I want to do some processing on the vertices I'm adding (a rotation), and the most sensible way I can think to do that is by creating a separate list of Vector3s, and then combining the lists when I'm done. However, vertices.AddRange(newVerts) does not add the shape to the mesh, nor does a foreach loop with verts.Add(vertices[i]). And this is before I've added in any of the processing! I have a feeling this might stem from passing the list of vertices in as a parameter, rather than returning a list and then adding to the vertices in the calling object, but since I'm filling 4 lists, I was trying to avoid having to create a data struct to return all four at once. Any ideas? The working version of the method is reprinted below, in full: public static void GetShape(Block b, int x, int y, int z, List<Vector3> vertices, List<int> triangles, List<Vector2> uvs, List<Vector2> uv2s) { //List<Vector3> vertices = new List<Vector3>(); int l_blockShape = b.blockShape; int l_blockType = b.blockType; //CheckFace checks if the block is empty //if this block is empty, don't draw anything. int vertexIndex; //only y faces need to be hidden. //if((l_blockShape & BlockShape.NegZFace) == BlockShape.NegZFace) { vertexIndex = vertices.Count; //top left, top right, bottom right, bottom left vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.2f, y + 1, z+.2f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.8f, y + 1, z+.2f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.8f, y , z+.2f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.2f, y , z+.2f)); // first triangle for the face triangles.Add(vertexIndex); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+1); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+3); // second triangle for the face triangles.Add(vertexIndex+1); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+2); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+3); //UVs for the face uvs.Add( new Vector2(0,1)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(1,1)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(1,0)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(0,0)); //UV2s (lightmapping?) uv2s.Add( new Vector2(0,1)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(1,1)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(1,0)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(0,0)); } //XY Z+1 face //if((l_blockShape & BlockShape.PosZFace) == BlockShape.PosZFace) { vertexIndex = vertices.Count; //top left, top right, bottom right, bottom left vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.8f, y + 1, z+.8f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.2f, y + 1, z+.8f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.2f, y , z+.8f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.8f, y , z+.8f)); // first triangle for the face triangles.Add(vertexIndex); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+1); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+3); // second triangle for the face triangles.Add(vertexIndex+1); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+2); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+3); //UVs for the face uvs.Add( new Vector2(0,1)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(1,1)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(1,0)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(0,0)); //UV2s (lightmapping?) uv2s.Add( new Vector2(0,1)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(1,1)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(1,0)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(0,0)); } //ZY face //if((l_blockShape & BlockShape.NegXFace) == BlockShape.NegXFace) { vertexIndex = vertices.Count; //top left, top right, bottom right, bottom left vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.2f, y + 1, z+.8f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.2f, y + 1, z+.2f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.2f, y , z+.2f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.2f, y , z+.8f)); // first triangle for the face triangles.Add(vertexIndex); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+1); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+3); // second triangle for the face triangles.Add(vertexIndex+1); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+2); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+3); //UVs for the face uvs.Add( new Vector2(0,1)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(1,1)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(1,0)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(0,0)); //UV2s (lightmapping?) uv2s.Add( new Vector2(0,1)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(1,1)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(1,0)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(0,0)); } //ZY X+1 face // if((l_blockShape & BlockShape.PosXFace) == BlockShape.PosXFace) { vertexIndex = vertices.Count; //top left, top right, bottom right, bottom left vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.8f, y + 1, z+.2f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.8f, y + 1, z+.8f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.8f, y , z+.8f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.8f, y , z+.2f)); // first triangle for the face triangles.Add(vertexIndex); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+1); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+3); // second triangle for the face triangles.Add(vertexIndex+1); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+2); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+3); //UVs for the face uvs.Add( new Vector2(0,1)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(1,1)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(1,0)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(0,0)); //UV2s (lightmapping?) uv2s.Add( new Vector2(0,1)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(1,1)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(1,0)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(0,0)); } //ZX face if((l_blockShape & BlockShape.NegYFace) == BlockShape.NegYFace) { vertexIndex = vertices.Count; //top left, top right, bottom right, bottom left vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.8f, y , z+.8f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.8f, y , z+.2f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.2f, y , z+.2f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.2f, y , z+.8f)); // first triangle for the face triangles.Add(vertexIndex+3); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+1); triangles.Add(vertexIndex); // second triangle for the face triangles.Add(vertexIndex+3); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+2); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+1); //UVs for the face uvs.Add( new Vector2(0,1)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(1,1)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(1,0)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(0,0)); //UV2s (lightmapping?) uv2s.Add( new Vector2(0,1)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(1,1)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(1,0)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(0,0)); } //ZX + 1 face if((l_blockShape & BlockShape.PosYFace) == BlockShape.PosYFace) { vertexIndex = vertices.Count; //top left, top right, bottom right, bottom left vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.8f, y+1 , z+.2f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.8f, y+1 , z+.8f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.2f, y+1 , z+.8f)); vertices.Add(new Vector3(x+.2f, y+1 , z+.2f)); // first triangle for the face triangles.Add(vertexIndex+3); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+1); triangles.Add(vertexIndex); // second triangle for the face triangles.Add(vertexIndex+3); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+2); triangles.Add(vertexIndex+1); //UVs for the face uvs.Add( new Vector2(0,1)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(1,1)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(1,0)); uvs.Add( new Vector2(0,0)); //UV2s (lightmapping?) uv2s.Add( new Vector2(0,1)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(1,1)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(1,0)); uv2s.Add( new Vector2(0,0)); } }

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  • extrapolating object state based on updates

    - by user494461
    I have a networked multi-user collaborative application. To maintain a consistent virtual world, I send updates for objects from a master peer to a guest peer. The update state contains x,y,z coordinates of object center and his rotation matrix(CHAI3d api used a 3x3 matrix) with 30Hz frequency. I want to reduce this update rate and want to send with a reduced update rate. I want a predictor on both peers. When the predicted value is outside, say a error value of 10% in comparison to master peers objects original state the master peer triggers a state update. Now for position I used velocity,position updates so that the guest peer can extrapolate position. Like velocity for position what parameter should I use for rotation extrapolition?

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  • How to Export Flash Animation Data

    - by charliep
    I'd love for my partner, the artist, to be able to animate using flash movieclips and timelines. Then I, the programmer, would like to read the raw Flash info and re-program it into my engine of choice (which happens to be Torque2D). The data I'd want is the bitmap images that were used in Flash, like the head and body the links between the images, like where the head connects to the body the motion data from the flash animation, like move, rotate (at what speed), shear, etc. for the head or arms or whatever. Is there any way to get this data? Here's what I know so far. There are tools like SWFSheet and Spriteloq that convert the entire flash animation into a frame by frame sprite animation (in a sprite sheet). This would take too much space in my case, so I'd like to avoid that. Re-animating on the fly would take much less texture memory. There is a PDF that describes the SWF file format but NOT the individual components like the movieclips. So anyone know of a library I can use, or how I can learn more about the movieclip components and whatnot? (more better tags: transform, export, convert)

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  • How to create water like in new super mario bros?

    - by user1103457
    I assume the water in New super mario bros works the same as in the first part of this tutorial: http://gamedev.tutsplus.com/tutorials/implementation/make-a-splash-with-2d-water-effects/ But in new super mario bros the water also has constant waves on the surface, and the splashes look very different. What's also a difference is that in the tutorial, if you create a splash, it first creates a deep "hole" in the water at the origin of the splash. In new super mario bros this hole is absent or much smaller. When I refer to the splashes in new super mario bros I am referring to the splashes that the player creates when jumping in and out of the water. For reference you could use this video: http://www.ign.com/videos/2012/11/17/new-super-mario-bros-u-3-star-coin-walkthrough-sparkling-waters-1-waterspout-beach just after 00:50, when the camera isn't moving you can get a good look at the water and the constant waves. there are also some good examples of the splashes during that time. How do they create the constant waves and the splashes? I am programming in XNA. (I have tried this myself but couldn't really get it all to work well together) (and as bonus questions: how do they create the light spots just under the surface of the waves, and how do they texture the deeper parts of the water? This is the first time I try to create water like this.)

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  • Blender DirectX exporter to Panda3D

    - by jakebird451
    I have been experimenting with Panda3D lately. I have a character made in Blender with various bones and currently with one animation that I wish to export to a *.x format for Panda3D. My current attempt was to export the model was to first export with bones [Armatures] by checking the "Export Armatures" button in the export menu (file name: char.x). Thanks to the *.x file format, I read the file and it seems to have the same bone structure format as the model (with parenting and matrix positional data). The second export was selecting Animations - Full Animation to provide just the animation (file name: char_idle.x). The models exported just fine. I am not sure about the animation yet, but the file seems to be just fine. This is my code for loading the model into python & Panda3D: self.model = Actor("char.x",{"char_idle.x"}) When I run the program the command line provides a couple of errors, the main errors of interest are: :Actor(warning): char.x is not a character! and ... File "C:\Panda3D-1.8.0\direct\actor\Actor.py", line 284, in __init__ if (type(anims[anims.keys()[0]])==type({})): AttributeError: 'set' object has no attribute 'keys' The first error is the most interesting to me. The model works if I leave the animation dictionary blank. With no animations loaded the character appears in its un-animated T position, however the actor warning still shows up. The character should include the various bones when I exported the model right? I am not that experienced with blender, I'm just a programmer. So if the problem lies in blender please try to keep that in mind when posting a reply. I'll try my best to keep up. I also tried to print out the bone structure without any animations loaded and it provides a similar error with the line print self.model.listJoints(): File "C:\Panda3D-1.8.0\direct\actor\Actor.py", line 410, in listJoints Actor.notify.error("no part named: %s" % (partName)) File "C:\Panda3D-1.8.0\direct\directnotify\Notifier.py", line 132, in error raise exception(errorString) StandardError: no part named: modelRoot I really hope it is a simple exporting fix.

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  • Can and should a game design be patented?

    - by Christian
    I have an idea for a game that I want to develop and I feel is unique, and I'm wondering if I should patent it. I read on the web that games can be patented, but just because it can be done doesn't mean that it makes sense to do it. I actually don't really want patent it (it's expensive, a hassle and I don't believe in patenting of ideas... unless it's something truly revolutionary). However, I'm concerned a bigger company could come along, with more experienced game designers and developers and steal the idea.

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  • Rotate sprite to face 3D camera

    - by omikun
    I am trying to rotate a sprite so it is always facing a 3D camera. shaders->setUniform("camera", gCamera.matrix()); glm::mat4 scale = glm::scale(glm::mat4(), glm::vec3(5e5, 5e5, 5e5)); glm::vec3 look = gCamera.position(); glm::vec3 right = glm::cross(gCamera.up(), look); glm::vec3 up = glm::cross(look, right); glm::mat4 newTransform = glm::lookAt(glm::vec3(0), gCamera.position(), up) * scale; shaders->setUniform("model", newTransform); In the vertex shader: gl_Position = camera * model * vec4(vert, 1); The object will track the camera if I move the camera up or down, but if I rotate the camera around it, it will rotate in the other direction so I end up seeing its front twice and its back twice as I rotate around it 360. What am I doing wrong?

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  • Rotating a view of a chunked 2d tilemap

    - by Danie Clawson
    I'm working on a top-down (oblique) tile-based engine. I would like for the tiles to have a definable height in the world, with Characters being occluded by them, etc. This has led to a desire to be able to "rotate" the view of the world, even though I'm using all hand-drawn graphics and blitting. Therefor, I need to rotate the actual world itself, or change how the Camera traverses these arrays. How can, or should, I create individual rotations of 90 degrees, when I have multi-dimensional arrays? Is it faster to actually rotate the array, to access it differently, or to create pre-computed accessor(?) arrays, something like how my chunks work? How can I rotate an individual chunk, or set of chunks? Currently I establish my tile grid like this (tile height not included): function Surface(WIDTH, HEIGHT) { WIDTH = Math.max(WIDTH-(WIDTH%TPC), TPC); HEIGHT = Math.max(HEIGHT-(HEIGHT%TPC), TPC); this.tiles = []; this.chunks = []; //Establish tiles for(var x = 0; x < WIDTH; x++) { var col = [], ch_x = Math.floor(x/TPC); if(!this.chunks[ch_x]) this.chunks.push([]); for(var y = 0; y < HEIGHT; y++) { var tile = new Tile(x, y), ch_y = Math.floor(y/TPC); if(!this.chunks[ch_x][ch_y]) this.chunks[ch_x].push([]); this.chunks[ch_x][ch_y].push(tile); col.push(tile); } this.tiles.push(col); } }; Even some basic advice on my data struct would be much appreciated.

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  • 2D Selective Gaussian Blur

    - by Joshua Thomas
    I am attempting to use Gaussian blur on a 2D platform game, selectively blurring specific types of platforms with different amounts. I am currently just messing around with simple test code, trying to get it to work correctly. What I need to eventually do is create three separate render targets, leave one normal, blur one slightly, and blur the last heavily, then recombine on the screen. Where I am now is I have successfully drawn into a new render target and performed the gaussian blur on it, but when I draw it back to the screen everything is purple aside from the platforms I drew to the target. This is my .fx file: #define RADIUS 7 #define KERNEL_SIZE (RADIUS * 2 + 1) //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Globals. //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- float weights[KERNEL_SIZE]; float2 offsets[KERNEL_SIZE]; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Textures. //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- texture colorMapTexture; sampler2D colorMap = sampler_state { Texture = <colorMapTexture>; MipFilter = Linear; MinFilter = Linear; MagFilter = Linear; }; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Pixel Shaders. //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- float4 PS_GaussianBlur(float2 texCoord : TEXCOORD) : COLOR0 { float4 color = float4(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); for (int i = 0; i < KERNEL_SIZE; ++i) color += tex2D(colorMap, texCoord + offsets[i]) * weights[i]; return color; } //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- // Techniques. //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- technique GaussianBlur { pass { PixelShader = compile ps_2_0 PS_GaussianBlur(); } } This is the code I'm using for the gaussian blur: public Texture2D PerformGaussianBlur(Texture2D srcTexture, RenderTarget2D renderTarget1, RenderTarget2D renderTarget2, SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { if (effect == null) throw new InvalidOperationException("GaussianBlur.fx effect not loaded."); Texture2D outputTexture = null; Rectangle srcRect = new Rectangle(0, 0, srcTexture.Width, srcTexture.Height); Rectangle destRect1 = new Rectangle(0, 0, renderTarget1.Width, renderTarget1.Height); Rectangle destRect2 = new Rectangle(0, 0, renderTarget2.Width, renderTarget2.Height); // Perform horizontal Gaussian blur. game.GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(renderTarget1); effect.CurrentTechnique = effect.Techniques["GaussianBlur"]; effect.Parameters["weights"].SetValue(kernel); effect.Parameters["colorMapTexture"].SetValue(srcTexture); effect.Parameters["offsets"].SetValue(offsetsHoriz); spriteBatch.Begin(0, BlendState.Opaque, null, null, null, effect); spriteBatch.Draw(srcTexture, destRect1, Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); // Perform vertical Gaussian blur. game.GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(renderTarget2); outputTexture = (Texture2D)renderTarget1; effect.Parameters["colorMapTexture"].SetValue(outputTexture); effect.Parameters["offsets"].SetValue(offsetsVert); spriteBatch.Begin(0, BlendState.Opaque, null, null, null, effect); spriteBatch.Draw(outputTexture, destRect2, Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); // Return the Gaussian blurred texture. game.GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null); outputTexture = (Texture2D)renderTarget2; return outputTexture; } And this is the draw method affected: public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { device.SetRenderTarget(maxBlur); spriteBatch.Begin(); foreach (Brick brick in blueBricks) brick.Draw(spriteBatch); spriteBatch.End(); blue = gBlur.PerformGaussianBlur((Texture2D) maxBlur, helperTarget, maxBlur, spriteBatch); spriteBatch.Begin(); device.SetRenderTarget(null); foreach (Brick brick in redBricks) brick.Draw(spriteBatch); foreach (Brick brick in greenBricks) brick.Draw(spriteBatch); spriteBatch.Draw(blue, new Rectangle(0, 0, blue.Width, blue.Height), Color.White); foreach (Brick brick in purpleBricks) brick.Draw(spriteBatch); spriteBatch.End(); } I'm sorry about the massive brick of text and images(or not....new user, I tried, it said no), but I wanted to get my problem across clearly as I have been searching for an answer to this for quite a while now. As a side note, I have seen the bloom sample. Very well commented, but overly complicated since it deals in 3D; I was unable to take what I needed to learn form it. Thanks for any and all help.

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  • Using Ogre particle point billboards with shaders

    - by Jay
    I'm learning about using Ogre particles and had some questions about how the point type particles work. Q. I believe point type particles are implemented as a single position. Is one single vertex is passed to the vertex shader? Q. If one vertex is passed to the vertex shader then what gets sent to the fragment shader? Q. Can I pass the particle size to the shader? Perhaps with a custom parameter?

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  • How does this game loop actually work?

    - by Nicolai
    I read this playfulJS post, about ray-casting: http://www.playfuljs.com/a-first-person-engine-in-265-lines/ It looks really interested, so I decided to look at his javascript. I am no expert in javascript, so I quickly got lost. It's the game loop "object" that really gets me. I simply don't understand how it works. From the code: function GameLoop() { this.frame = this.frame.bind(this); this.lastTime = 0; this.callback = function() {}; } GameLoop.prototype.start = function(callback) { this.callback = callback; requestAnimationFrame(this.frame); }; GameLoop.prototype.frame = function(time) { var seconds = (time - this.lastTime) / 1000; this.lastTime = time; if (seconds < 0.2) this.callback(seconds); requestAnimationFrame(this.frame); }; var loop = new GameLoop(); loop.start(function frame(seconds) { map.update(seconds); player.update(controls.states, map, seconds); camera.render(player, map); }); Now, what really confuses me here, is this bind stuff and how this actually loops. I am guessing, that if less than 0.2 seconds have passed, since the last time the loop was run, it simply goes back to re-check the time. If more than 0.2 seconds have passed, it leaves the frame function, and executes the 3 lines in the loop. But, if this is true, then how does the loop.start() get called again? And what on earth is the meaning of this.frame = this.frame.bind(this);? I've looked up prototypes bind() but I really don't understand it.

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  • JOGL hardware based shadow mapping - computing the texture matrix

    - by axel22
    I am implementing hardware shadow mapping as described here. I've rendered the scene successfully from the light POV, and loaded the depth buffer of the scene into a texture. This texture has correctly been loaded - I check this by rendering a small thumbnail, as you can see in the screenshot below, upper left corner. The depth of the scene appears to be correct - objects further away are darker, and that are closer to the light are lighter. However, I run into trouble while rendering the scene from the camera's point of view using the depth texture - the texture on the polygons in the scene is rendered in a weird, nondeterministic fashion, as shown in the screenshot. I believe I am making an error while computing the texture transformation matrix, but I am unsure where exactly. Since I have no matrix utilities in JOGL other then the gl[Load|Mult]Matrix procedures, I multiply the matrices using them, like this: void calcTextureMatrix() { glPushMatrix(); glLoadIdentity(); glLoadMatrixf(biasmatrix, 0); glMultMatrixf(lightprojmatrix, 0); glMultMatrixf(lightviewmatrix, 0); glGetFloatv(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, shadowtexmatrix, 0); glPopMatrix(); } I obtained these matrices by using the glOrtho and gluLookAt procedures: glLoadIdentity() val wdt = width / 45 val hgt = height / 45 glOrtho(wdt, -wdt, -hgt, hgt, -45.0, 45.0) glGetFloatv(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, lightprojmatrix, 0) glLoadIdentity() glu.gluLookAt( xlook + lightpos._1, ylook + lightpos._2, lightpos._3, xlook, ylook, 0.0f, 0.f, 0.f, 1.0f) glGetFloatv(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, lightviewmatrix, 0) My bias matrix is: float[] biasmatrix = new float[16] { 0.5f, 0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 0.5f, 0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 0.f, 0.5f, 0.f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 1.f } After applying the camera projection and view matrices, I do: glTexGeni(GL_S, GL_TEXTURE_GEN_MODE, GL_EYE_LINEAR) glTexGenfv(GL_S, GL_EYE_PLANE, shadowtexmatrix, 0) glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_GEN_S) for each component. Does anybody know why the texture is not being rendered correctly? Thank you.

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  • Cannot convert parameter 1 from 'short *' to 'int *' [closed]

    - by Torben Carrington
    I'm trying to learn pointers and since I recently learned that short int takes up less memory [2 bytes as apposed to the long int's memory usage of 4 which is the default for int] I wanted to create a pointer that uses the memory address of a short integer. I'm following a tutorial in my book about Pointers and it's using the Swap function. The problem is I receive this error the moment I change everything from int to short int: error C2664: 'Swap' : cannot convert parameter 1 from 'short *' to 'int *' 1 Types pointed to are unrelated; conversion requires reinterpret_cast, C-style cast or function-style cast Since my code is so small here is the whole thing: void Swap(short int *sipX, short int *sipY) { short int siTemp = *sipX; *sipX = *sipY; *sipY = siTemp; } int main() { short int siBig = 100; short int siSmall = 1; std::cout << "Pre-Swap: " << siBig << " " << siSmall << std::endl; Swap(&siBig, &siSmall); std::cout << "Post-Swap: " << siBig << " " << siSmall << std::endl; return 0; }

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  • Setting up cube map texture parameters in OpenGL

    - by KaiserJohaan
    I see alot of tutorials and sources use the following code snippet when defining each face of a cube map: for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X + i, 0, InternalFormat, size, size, 0, Format, Type, NULL); Is it safe to assume GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X + i will properly iterate the following cube map targets, GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_NEGATIVE_X, GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_Y, GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_NEGATIVE_Y etc?

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  • Resolution Independence in libGDX

    - by ashes999
    How do I make my libGDX game resolution/density independent? Is there a way to specify image sizes as "absolute" regardless of the underlying density? I'm making a very simple kids game; just a bunch of sprites displayed on-screen, and some text for menus (options menu primarily). What I want to know is: how do I make my sprites/fonts resolution independent? (I have wrapped them in my own classes to make things easier.) Since it's a simple kids game, I don't need to worry about the "playable area" of the game; I want to use as much of the screen space as possible. What I'm doing right now, which seems super incorrect, is to simply create images suitable for large resolutions, and then scale down (or rarely, up) to fit the screen size. This seems to work okay (in the desktop version), even with linear mapping on my textures, but the smaller resolutions look ugly. Also, this seems to fly in the face of Android's "device independent pixels" (DPs). Or maybe I'm missing something and libGDX already takes care of this somehow? What's the best way to tackle this? I found this link; is this a good way of solving the problem?: http://www.dandeliongamestudio.com/2011/09/12/android-fragmentation-density-independent-pixel-dip/ It mentions how to control the images, but it doesn't mention how to specify font/image sizes regardless of density.

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  • Matrix rotation of a rectangle to "face" a given point in 2d

    - by justin.m.chase
    Suppose you have a rectangle centered at point (0, 0) and now I want to rotate it such that it is facing the point (100, 100), how would I do this purely with matrix math? To give some more specifics I am using javascript and canvas and I may have something like this: var position = {x : 0, y: 0 }; var destination = { x : 100, y: 100 }; var transform = Matrix.identity(); this.update = function(state) { // update transform to rotate to face destination }; this.draw = function(ctx) { ctx.save(); ctx.transform(transform); // a helper that just calls setTransform() ctx.beginPath(); ctx.rect(-5, -5, 10, 10); ctx.fillStyle = 'Blue'; ctx.fill(); ctx.lineWidth = 2; ctx.stroke(); ctx.restore(); } Feel free to assume any matrix function you need is available.

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  • Separate shaders from HTML file in WebGL

    - by Chris Smith
    I'm ramping up on WebGL and was wondering what is the best way to specify my vertex and fragment shaders. Looking at some tutorials, the shaders are embedded directly in the HTML. (And referenced via an ID.) For example: <script id="shader_1-fs" type="x-shader/x-fragment"> precision highp float; void main(void) { // ... } </script> <script id="shader_1-vs" type="x-shader/x-vertex"> attribute vec3 aVertexPosition; uniform mat4 uMVMatrix; // ... My question is, is it possible to have my shaders referenced in a separate file? (Ideally as plain text.) I presume this is straight forward in JavaScript. Is there essentially a way to do this: var shaderText = LoadRemoteFileOnSever('/shaders/shader_1.txt');

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  • How do I get the compression on specific dynamic body

    - by Mike JM
    Sorry, I could not find any tag that would suit my question. Let me first show you the image and then write what I want to do: I'm using box2D. As you can see there are three dynamic bodies connected to each other (think of it as a table from front view).The LEG1 and LEG2 are connected to the static body. (it's the ground body). Another dynamic body is falling onto the table. I need to get the compression in the LEG1 and LEG2 separately. Joints have GetReactionForce() function which returns a b2Vec, which in turn has Length() and LengthSqd functions. This will give the total sum of the forces in any taken joint. But what I need is forces in individual bodies that are connected with joints. Once you connect several bodies with a single joint it again will show the sum of forces which is not useful.Here's the case iI'm talking about:

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  • Convert vector interpolation to quaternion interpolation? (Catmull-Rom)

    - by edA-qa mort-ora-y
    I have some existing code which does catmull-rom interpolation on two vectors (facing and up). I'm converting this to use quaternions instead (to replace the two vectors). Is there a general way to convert the vector based interpolation to a quaternion one? The approach I'm using now is to exact the axis and angle from the quanternion. I then interpolate each of those independently and convert back to a quaternion. Is there a more direct method?

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  • What kind of steering behaviour or logic can I use to get mobiles to surround another?

    - by Vaughan Hilts
    I'm using path finding in my game to lead a mob to another player (to pursue them). This works to get them overtop of the player, but I want them to stop slightly before their destination (so picking the penultimate node works fine). However, when multiple mobs are pursuing the mobile they sometimes "stack on top of each other". What's the best way to avoid this? I don't want to treat the mobs as opaque and blocked (because they're not, you can walk through them) but I want the mobs to have some sense of structure. Example: Imagine that each snake guided itself to me and should surround "Setsuna". Notice how both snakes have chosen to prong me? This is not a strict requirement; even being slightly offset is okay. But they should "surround" Setsuna.

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  • Parabolic throw with set Height and range (libgdx)

    - by Tauboga
    Currently i'm working on a minigame for android where you have a rotating ball in the center of the display which jumps when touched in the direction of his current angle. I'm simply using a gravity vector and a velocity vector in this way: positionBall = positionBall.add(velocity); velocity = velocity.add(gravity); and velocity.x = (float) Math.cos(angle) * 12; /* 12 to amplify the velocity */ velocity.y = (float) Math.sin(angle) * 15; /* 15 to amplify the velocity */ That works fine. Here comes the problem: I want to make the jump look the same on all possible resolutions. The velocity needs to be scaled in a way that when the ball is thrown straight upwards it will touch the upper display border. When thrown directly left or right the range shall be exactly long enough to touch the left/right display border. Which formula(s) do I need to use and how to implement them correctly? Thanks in advance!

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  • Using heavyweight ORM implementation for light based games

    - by Holland
    I'm just about to engulf myself in an MVC-based/Component architecture in C#, using MySQL's connector/Net for the data storage, and probably some NHibernate/FluentNHibernate Object-relational-mapping to map out the data structure. The goal is to build a scalable 2D RPG. Then I think about it...and I can't help but think this seems a little "heavy weight" for a 2D RPG, especially one which, while I plan to incorporate a lot of functionality and entertaining gameplay, may be ported to something like Windows Phone or Android in the future. Yet, on the other hand even a 2-Dimensional RPG can become very complicated, and therefore must incorporate a lot of functionality. While this can be accomplished with text/XML/JSON for data storage, is there a better way? Is something such as Object-Relational-Mapping useful in such an application? So, what do you think? Would you say that there is a place for such technologies? I don't know what to think...

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  • Cocos2dx- Draw primitives(polygons) on Update

    - by Haider
    In my game I'm trying to draw polygons on on each step i.e. update method. I call draw() method to draw new polygon with dynamic vertices. Following is my code: void HelloWorld::draw(){glLineWidth(1);CCPoint filledVertices[] = {ccp(drawX1,drawY1),ccp(drawX2,drawY2), ccp(drawX3,drawY3), ccp(drawX4,drawY4)};ccDrawSolidPoly( filledVertices, 4, ccc4f(0.5f, 0.5f, 1, 1 ));} I call the draw() method from the update(float dt) method. The engine is behaving inconsistently i.e. sometimes it displays the polygons and on other occasions it does not. Is it the right approach to do such a task? If not what is the best way to display large number of primitives?

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  • problems with my slotgame [delphi]

    - by Raiden2k
    hey guys im coding at the moment on a slotgame for the learning effect. here is the source code. my questions are below: unit Unit1; {$mode objfpc}{$H+} interface uses Classes, SysUtils, Windows, FileUtil, Forms, Controls, Graphics, Dialogs, StdCtrls, ExtCtrls, ComCtrls, Menus, ActnList, Spin, FileCtrl; type { TForm1 } TForm1 = class(TForm) FloatSpinEdit1: TFloatSpinEdit; Guthabenlb: TLabel; s4: TLabel; s5: TLabel; s6: TLabel; s7: TLabel; s8: TLabel; s9: TLabel; Timer3: TTimer; Winlb: TLabel; Loselb: TLabel; slotbn: TButton; s1: TLabel; s2: TLabel; s3: TLabel; Timer1: TTimer; Timer2: TTimer; procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject); procedure slotbnClick(Sender: TObject); procedure Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject); procedure Timer2Timer(Sender: TObject); procedure Timer3Timer(Sender: TObject); private { private declarations } FRollen : array [0..2, 0..9] of String; public { public declarations } end; var Form1: TForm1; wins,loses : Integer; guthaben : Double = 10; implementation {$R *.lfm} { TForm1 } procedure TForm1.slotbnClick(Sender: TObject); begin Guthaben := Guthaben - 1.00; Guthabenlb.Caption := FloatToStr(guthaben) + (' €'); Timer1.Enabled := True; Timer2.Enabled := True; slotbn.Enabled := false; end; procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject); var i: integer; j: integer; n: integer; digits: TStringlist; begin Digits := TStringList.Create; try for i := low(FRollen) to high(FRollen) do begin for j := low(FRollen[i]) to high(FRollen[i]) do Digits.Add(IntToStr(j)); for j := low(FRollen[i]) to high(FRollen[i]) do begin n := Random(Digits.Count); FRollen[i, j] := Digits[n]; Digits.Delete(n); end; end finally Digits.Free; end; for i:=low(FRollen) to high(FRollen) do begin end; end; //==================================================================================================\\ // Drehen der Slots im Zufallsmodus //==================================================================================================// procedure TForm1.Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject); begin s1.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); s2.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); s3.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); s4.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); s5.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); s6.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); s7.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); s8.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); s9.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); end; //==================================================================================================// //===================================================================================================\\ // Gewonnen / Verloren abfrage //===================================================================================================// procedure TForm1.Timer2Timer(Sender: TObject); begin Timer1.Enabled := False; Timer2.Enabled := false; if (s1.Caption = s5.Caption) and (s1.Caption = s9.Caption) then begin Guthaben := Guthaben + 5.00; Inc(wins); end else if (s1.Caption = s4.Caption) and (s1.Caption = s7.Caption) then begin Guthaben := Guthaben + 5.00; Inc(wins); end else if (s2.Caption = s5.Caption) and (s2.Caption = s8.Caption) then begin Guthaben := Guthaben + 5.00; Inc(wins); end else if (s3.Caption = s6.Caption) and (s3.Caption = s9.Caption) then begin Guthaben := Guthaben + 5.00; Inc(wins); end else if (s3.Caption = s5.Caption) and (s3.Caption = s7.Caption) then begin Guthaben := Guthaben + 5.00; Inc(wins); end else Inc(loses); slotbn.Enabled := True; Loselb.Caption := 'Loses: ' + IntToStr(loses); Winlb.Caption := 'Wins: ' + IntTostr(Wins); end; procedure TForm1.Timer3Timer(Sender: TObject); begin if (guthaben = 0) or (guthaben < 0) then begin Timer3.Enabled := False; MessageBox(handle,'Du hast verloren!','Verlierer!',MB_OK); close(); end; end; //======================================================================================================\\ end. How can i replace the labels through icons 16 x 16 pixels? How can i adjust the winning sum according to the icons.(for example 3 crowns give you 40 € and 3 apples only 10 €) How can i adhust the winning sum with a sum for every round?

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