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• In R, how do you get the best fitting equation to a set of data?

  - by Matherion

  I'm not sure wether R can do this (I assume it can, but maybe that's just because I tend to assume that R can do anything :-)). What I need is to find the best fitting equation to describe a dataset. For example, if you have these points: df = data.frame(x = c(1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100), y = c(100, 75, 50, 40, 30, 25)) How do you get the best fitting equation? I know that you can get the best fitting curve with: plot(loess(df$y ~ df$x)) But as I understood you can't extract the equation, see Loess Fit and Resulting Equation. When I try to build it myself (note, I'm not a mathematician, so this is probably not the ideal approach :-)), I end up with smth like: y.predicted = 12.71 + ( 95 / (( (1 + df$x) ^ .5 ) / 1.3)) Which kind of seems to approximate it - but I can't help to think that smth more elegant probably exists :-) I have the feeling that fitting a linear or polynomial model also wouldn't work, because the formula seems different from what those models generally use (i.e. this one seems to need divisions, powers, etc). For example, the approach in Fitting polynomial model to data in R gives pretty bad approximations. I remember from a long time ago that there exist languages (Matlab may be one of them?) that do this kind of stuff. Can R do this as well, or am I just at the wrong place? (Background info: basically, what we need to do is find an equation for determining numbers in the second column based on the numbers in the first column; but we decide the numbers ourselves. We have an idea of how we want the curve to look like, but we can adjust these numbers to an equation if we get a better fit. It's about the pricing for a product (a cheaper alternative to current expensive software for qualitative data analysis); the more 'project credits' you buy, the cheaper it should become. Rather than forcing people to buy a given number (i.e. 5 or 10 or 25), it would be nicer to have a formula so people can buy exactly what they need - but of course this requires a formula. We have an idea for some prices we think are ok, but now we need to translate this into an equation.

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• R Package for Bayesian Belief Networks

  - by user187395

  Is anyone aware of an R package for Bayesian Belief Networks (BBN) that can handle latent (hidden) nodes? I am referring to process learning the structure and the parameters of the model. Based on the documentation, the "bnlearn" package does not provide for such capability. In addition, is anyone aware of R packages that allow for making inferences and sensitivity analysis for BBN? Thank you in advance.

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• where to put the unittest for library in rails

  - by lidaobing

  Hello, I am a ruby and rails newbie. And I am working on a rails application with RadRails. RadRails has a "Switch to Test" function for my controller, model, etc. but not for my library. if I have class Foo::Bar in /lib/foo/bar.rb, where should I put the unittest for it? or should I separate the foo library in a separated project? Thanks.

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• error in fetching url data

  - by Rahul s

  from google.appengine.ext import webapp from google.appengine.ext.webapp import util from google.appengine.ext import db from google.appengine.api import urlfetch class TrakHtml(db.Model): hawb = db.StringProperty(required=False) htmlData = db.TextProperty() class MainHandler(webapp.RequestHandler): def get(self): Traks = list() Traks.append('93332134') #Traks.append('91779831') #Traks.append('92782244') #Traks.append('38476214') for st in Traks : trak = TrakHtml() trak.hawb = st url = 'http://etracking.cevalogistics.com/eTrackResultsMulti.aspx?sv='+st result = urlfetch.fetch(url) self.response.out.write(result.read()) trak.htmlData = result.read() trak.put() result.read() is not giving whole file , it giving some portion. trak.htmlData is a textproparty() so it have to store whole file and i want that only

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• How to use the same template for different query sets?

  - by knuckfubuck

  I'm new to Django and setting up my first site. I have a Share model and a template called share_list.html that uses an object_list like this: {% for object in object_list %} I setup haystack using their tutorial and the search template looks like this: {% for result in page.object_list %} I would like to modify the search.html template to have an include of the share_list so I don't have to repeat myself. How can I make it use the same object_list?

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• Higher-kinded Types with C++

  - by Venkat Shiva

  This question is for the people who know both Haskell (or any other functional language that supports Higher-kinded Types) and C++... Is it possible to model higher kinded types using C++ templates? If yes, then how?

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• Displaying data from mutliple arrays with codeigniter

  - by Craig Ward

  I am trying to display results from a database where the results are contained in three tables. How do I echo out the results? $p- works, but $img- or $branch- doesn't. What am I doing wrong? Example code is below Sample controller: $p_id = $this-uri-segment(3); $this-load-model('One_model'); $data['prop'] = $this-One_model-get_details($p_id); $data['img'] = $this-One-get_images($p_id); $this-load-model('Two_model'); $data['branch'] = $this-Two_model-get_details($p_id); $this-load-view('a_test_view', $data); A Sample View <?php foreach ($property as $p):?> <p><?php echo $p->SUMMARY; ?></p> <p>We have <?php echo "$img->num_photos"; ?> photos</p> <p>Branch is <?php echo $branch->name; ?>. Telephone <?php echo $branch->tel; ?></p> <ul> <li><?php echo $p->FEATURE1; ?></li> <li><?php echo $p->FEATURE2; ?></li> <li><?php echo $p->FEATURE3; ?></li> <li><?php echo $p->FEATURE4; ?></li> <li><?php echo $p->FEATURE5; ?></li> <li><?php echo $p->FEATURE6; ?></li> <li><?php echo $p->FEATURE7; ?></li> <li><?php echo $p->FEATURE8; ?></li> <li><?php echo $p->FEATURE9; ?></li> <li><?php echo $p->FEATURE10; ?></li> </ul> <?php endforeach; ?>

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• Facebook like iframe ignores my specified href

  - by Zhami

  I have Javascript that imputes (computes and injects) HTML into my DOM for the Facebook "Like" function. I need to specify a "canonical" URL because the actual URL doesn't reflect all the DOM manipulations that have been made (driven by user activity on the Web "page"). Alas, Facebook's code doesn't use the url I supply but the window.location value (which has #hash aspects that influence the page's presentation, but that aren't accessible to the server). Anyway... why is FB's code ignoring the url I give to it? I generate the HTML thus: var html = '<iframe src="http://www.facebook.com/plugins/like.php?href=' + encodeURI(url) + '&layout=standard&show_faces=false&width=100&action=recommend&font=arial&colorscheme=light" style="border:none; overflow:hidden; width:270px; height:26px;" allowTransparency="true" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"</iframe'

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• XAML Namespace http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml is not resolved

  - by Justin Poliey

  I'm using Visual Studio 2010 Express, working on a Silverlight 4 project in C#. This started happening all of a sudden in my project, I get the error that this XAML Namespace is not resolved: XAML Namespace http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml is not resolved If it helps, here is the section of the XAML file in which the error is being raised: <ResourceDictionary xmlns:my="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls;assembly=System.Windows.Controls.Toolkit" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:GetGlue="clr-namespace:GetGluePlugin;assembly=GetGluePlugin" xmlns:System="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib" xmlns:utils="clr-namespace:Seesmic.Sdp.Utils;assembly=Seesmic.Sdp.Utils"> What could the problem be?

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• Designing a web service to be called by another language

  - by CollegeProgrammer

  This will sound naive (but then I am a junior programmer), but if I write a web service say in Python (standard WSDL web service), I then need to host it so it is reachable from an end point. This will give a URI for the service and then from another language, say Java or VB.NET (any), I can add a web service (this one) and then call the web service's object model, correct? Thanks

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• TextMate can show definition of a function or a class easily?

  - by Jian Lin

  I am using TextMate on a Ruby on Rails project and wonder if you can put the mouse on link_to, and then press a key and it will show the definition of link_to, or does this for any other helper functions or Model definition? Or, click open a box and type in a function name and it will show you the definition?

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• Multiple layouts in rails [Newbie Q]

  - by BriteLite

  Hi. As a newb, I decided to build a "home inventory" application. I am now stuck on how to programmatically select a layout based on what type of item it is when viewing it in a browser. According to my planning, so far I should have created a few models to represent types of items I can find in my home: Furniture, Electronics and Books. class Book < ActiveRecord::Base end class Furniture < ActiveRecord::Base end class Electronic < ActiveRecord::Base end Now the Books model has things like isbn, pages, address, and category. Furniture model has things like color, price, address, and category. Electronics has things like name, voltage, address, and category. Here is where I got confused. I know the property address is going to be the same for all of them. I also know that, I will need to create multiple "layouts" for 3 different types of items to show the different properties of said items with appropriate graphics and stylesheets. But how will I go about deciding which category the item is so I can determine which layout to render. According to me, this is how I will do it: class DisplayController < ApplicationController def display @item = Params[:item] if @item.category = "electronics" render :layout => 'electronics' end end In my routes.rb map.display ':item', :controller => 'display', :action => 'display' I only seem to have one concern with this, I probably will add a lot of categories later on and think there should be a more DRY-esque way of dealing, rather than hardcoding them. I understand that I need to add into my layout html tags to display relevant information for that particular category. ----Questions---- Is this the right way to approach this type of problem. Will this approach be compatible when I decide to add a gem like *thinking_sphinx* to run search. What issues do you see with my approach and how can I make it better. I was reading something about "Polymorphic Assoc", does that apply in this case, since category exist for all items? Also, I was trying to get a routes to render a URL like "http://localhost/living-room-tv"

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• How to write contents of a rails database to external file

  - by user1296787

  I'm trying to have rails send the contents of my database to an external textfile. I wanted this done everytime a new user is created. However, when i try to do the following in my user.rb model file, before_save :write_data def write_data() File.open("data.txt", "w") do |myfile| myfile.write(User.all) end end It doesn't write the actual contents of the database, instead, it displays something like this User:0x109858540 Can anyone help? Thanks.

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• Problems with validates_inclusion_of, acts_as_tree and rspec

  - by Jens Fahnenbruck

  I have problems to get rspec running properly to test validates_inclusion_of my migration looks like this: class CreateCategories < ActiveRecord::Migration def self.up create_table :categories do |t| t.string :name t.integer :parent_id t.timestamps end end def self.down drop_table :categories end end my model looks like this: class Category < ActiveRecord::Base acts_as_tree validates_presence_of :name validates_uniqueness_of :name validates_inclusion_of :parent_id, :in => Category.all.map(&:id), :unless => Proc.new { |c| c.parent_id.blank? } end my factories: Factory.define :category do |c| c.name "Category One" end Factory.define :category_2, :class => Category do |c| c.name "Category Two" end my model spec looks like this: require 'spec_helper' describe Category do before(:each) do @valid_attributes = { :name => "Category" } end it "should create a new instance given valid attributes" do Category.create!(@valid_attributes) end it "should have a name and it shouldn't be empty" do c = Category.new :name => nil c.should be_invalid c.name = "" c.should be_invalid end it "should not create a duplicate names" do Category.create!(@valid_attributes) Category.new(@valid_attributes).should be_invalid end it "should not save with invalid parent" do parent = Factory(:category) child = Category.new @valid_attributes child.parent_id = parent.id + 100 child.should be_invalid end it "should save with valid parent" do child = Factory.build(:category_2) child.parent = Factory(:category) # FIXME: make it pass, it works on cosole, but I don't know why the test is failing child.should be_valid end end I get the following error: 'Category should save with valid parent' FAILED Expected #<Category id: nil, name: "Category Two", parent_id: 5, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil to be valid, but it was not Errors: Parent is missing On console everything seems to be fine and work as expected: c1 = Category.new :name => "Parent Category" c1.valid? #=> true c1.save #=> true c1.id #=> 1 c2 = Category.new :name => "Child Category" c2.valid? #=> true c2.parent_id = 100 c2.valid? #=> false c2.parent_id = 1 c2.valid? #=> true I'm running rails 2.3.5, rspec 1.3.0 and rspec-rails 1.3.2 Anybody, any idea?

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• Handling Input with Zend Framework outside MVC

  - by Pekka

  In a classic Zend Framework MVC setup, there seems to be access to a generic _request object from within the model/view/controller instance as outlined here: $this->_request->getPost('variablename'); is this request object somehow available in a non-MVC setup as well? If yes: how would I initialize and access it?

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• ASP.NET - extracting from databases and pagination

  - by whitstone86

  I've got basic page templates working in ASP.NET from master pages and can include pages in ASP.NET - however, I'm having difficulty extracting from pages and paginating them. This is the design structure (i.e. the model for my site) I'm trying to base it on: http://library.digiguide.com/lib/programmenextshowing/Medium-319648 I have an SQL Driver installed, my ODBC Advisor says it is MySQL ODBC Driver 5.1. How should I get this project to work, now I have the basics under way?

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• How to map non-REST URLS to REST ones?

  - by Krzysztof Luks

  I have a small rails app that has default scaffold generated routes eg. /stadia/1.xml. However I have to support legacy client app that can't construct such URLs correctly. What I need to do is to map URL in the form: /stadia?id=1?format=xml to /stadia/1.xml Or even something like: /myApp?model=<model_name>?id=<id>?format=xml to /<model_name/<id>.xml Is it possible to craft appropriate route in Rails?

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• Loosing Route data in RedirectToAction

  - by user1512359

  hi i have a weird problem and here we go: i am redirecting using this command : return RedirectToAction("ViewMessage", "Account", new {id = model.MessageId}); but in ViewMessage action when i try to get id, its null ?!?!?!?!?? string strMessageId = RouteData.Values["id"] as string; i have done this code in lots of places and it works fine but i dont know what is going on here.... :( i know i can use TempData but i dont want to :)

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• How to check flash and javascript installed/enable/disable on browser using JQuery

  - by MKS

  Hi Guys, I am using JQuery. I have got one link as given below: <li><a href="http://staging/english/Skywards/skywards.aspx" id="skywardsTopLoginLink">Login</a></li> Now I want to check on page load whether Flash/javascript is installed or disabled and according to output the Login link will work, I mean if flash/javascript is disabled or not installed then it will go to the above Href else it will open jQuery model dialog box for login functionality

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• What web platform is right for me?

  - by egervari

  I've been looking at web frameworks like Rails, Grails, etc. I'm used to doing applications in Spring Framework with Hibernate... and I want something more productive. One of the things I realized is that while some of the things in Grails is sexy, there are some serious problems with it. Grails' controllers: 1) are implemented awfully. They don't seem to be able to extend from super classes at runtime. I tried this to add base actions and helper methods, and this seems to cause grails to blow up. 2) are based on an obsolete request parameters model (rather than form backing objects, which are much nicer). 3) are hard to test. Command objects are treated totally differently... and it's actually MUCH harder to write the test than it is to write the controller code. 4) Command objects operate totally differently. They are pre-validated and bound, which causes a lot of inconsistencies than basic parameter model. 5) Command objects are not reusable, and it's a pain in the rear to reuse most of the stuff from the domain classes, like constraints and fields. This is TRIVIAL to do in basic Spring. Why the hell was it not trivial to do in Grails? 6) The scaffolding that is generated is pure crap. It doesn't generalize inserts and updates... and it actually copy/pastes a pile of code in two views: create.gsp and edit.gsp. The views themselves are gargantuan piles of doggie do-do. This is further compounded by the fact that it uses low-level parameters and not objects. Integration tests are 30x slower than a Spring integration test. It is disgusting. Some mocking tests are so hard to write and aren't guaranteed to work when it's deployed, that I think it discourages fast, tdd test cycles. Most things seem to screw up grails while it's running, like adding a taglib, or anything really. The server restart problem wasn't solved at all. I'm starting to think going with Spring/Hibernate/Java is the only way to go. While there is a pretty big cost at startup, I know it'll eventually smooth out. It sucks I can't use a language like Scala... because idiomatically, it is so incompatible with Hibernate. This app is also not a run-of-the-mill UI over a database. It's got some of that, but it's not going to be a slouch. I am deathly scared of Grails now because of how crap it is in the Controller layer. Suggestions on what I can do?

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• working with django and sqlalchemy but backend mysql

  - by nazmul hasan

  i am working with python django framework but in model part is sqlalchemy and back end data base is mysql how i will configure them???

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• Object value not getting updated in the database using hibernate

  - by user1662917

  I am using Spring,hibernate,jsf with jquery in my application. I am inserting a Question object in the database through the hibernate save query . The question object contains id ,question,answertype and reference to a form object using form_id. Now I want to alter the values of Question object stored in the database by altering the value stored in the list of Question objects at the specified index position. If I alter the value in the list the value in the database is not getting altered by update query . Could you please advise. Question.java package com.otv.model; import java.io.Serializable; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.FetchType; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.JoinColumn; import javax.persistence.ManyToOne; import javax.persistence.Table; import org.apache.commons.lang.builder.ToStringBuilder; @Entity @Table(name = "questions") public class Question implements Serializable { @Id @GeneratedValue @Column(name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false) private int id; @Column(name = "question", nullable = false) private String text; @Column(name = "answertype", nullable = false) private String answertype; @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.EAGER) @JoinColumn(name = "form_id") private Form form; // @JoinColumn(name = "form_id") // private int formId; public Question() { } public Question(String text, String answertype) { this.text = text; this.answertype = answertype; } public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getQuestion() { return text; } public void setQuestion(String question) { this.text = question; } public String getAnswertype() { return answertype; } public void setAnswertype(String answertype) { this.answertype = answertype; } @Override public int hashCode() { final int prime = 31; int result = 1; result = prime * result + ((answertype == null) ? 0 : answertype.hashCode()); result = prime * result + id; result = prime * result + ((text == null) ? 0 : text.hashCode()); return result; } @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { if (this == obj) return true; if (obj == null) return false; if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) return false; Question other = (Question) obj; if (answertype == null) { if (other.answertype != null) return false; } else if (!answertype.equals(other.answertype)) return false; if (id != other.id) return false; if (text == null) { if (other.text != null) return false; } else if (!text.equals(other.text)) return false; return true; } public void setForm(Form form) { this.form = form; } @Override public String toString() { return ToStringBuilder.reflectionToString(this); } } Form.java package com.otv.model; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import javax.persistence.CascadeType; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.FetchType; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.OneToMany; import javax.persistence.Table; import org.apache.commons.lang.builder.ToStringBuilder; @Entity @Table(name = "FORM") public class Form implements Serializable { @Id @GeneratedValue @Column(name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false) private int id; @Column(name = "name", nullable = false) private String name; @Column(name = "description", nullable = false) private String description; @OneToMany(mappedBy = "form", fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL) List<Question> questions = new ArrayList<Question>(); public Form(String name) { super(); this.name = name; } public Form() { super(); } public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getDescription() { return description; } public void setDescription(String description) { this.description = description; } public List<Question> getQuestions() { return questions; } public void setQuestions(List<Question> formQuestions) { this.questions = formQuestions; } public void addQuestion(Question question) { questions.add(question); question.setForm(this); } public void removeQuestion(Question question) { questions.remove(question); question.setForm(this); } @Override public String toString() { return ToStringBuilder.reflectionToString(this); } public void replaceQuestion(int index, Question question) { Question prevQuestion = questions.get(index); // prevQuestion.setQuestion(question.getQuestion()); // prevQuestion.setAnswertype(question.getAnswertype()); question.setId(prevQuestion.getId()); question.setForm(this); questions.set(index, question); } } QuestionDAO.java package com.otv.user.dao; import java.util.List; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import com.otv.model.Question; public class QuestionDAO implements IQuestionDAO { private SessionFactory sessionFactory; public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() { return sessionFactory; } public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) { this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory; } public void addQuestion(Question question) { getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession().save(question); } public void deleteQuestion(Question question) { getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession().delete(question); } public void updateQuestion(Question question) { getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession().update(question); } public Question getQuestionById(int id) { List list = getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession().createQuery("from Questions where id=?") .setParameter(0, id).list(); return (Question) list.get(0); } }

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• Has the `message-passing/shared-state' dilemma (concurrency & distribution) taken form of a `Holywar

  - by Bubba88

  I'm not too well-informed about the state of the discussion about which model is better, so I would like to ask a pretty straight question: Does it look like two opposing views having really heatened dispute? E.g. like prototype/class based OOP or dynamic vs. static typing (though these are really not much fitting examples, I just do not know how to express my question more clearly)

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• help me understand cuda

  - by scatman

  i am having some troubles understanding threads in NVIDIA gpu architecture with cuda. please could anybody clarify these info: an 8800 gpu has 16 SMs with 8 SPs each. so we have 128 SPs. i was viewing stanford's video presentation and it was saying that every SP is capable of running 96 threads cuncurrently. does this mean that it (SP) can run 96/32=3 warps concurrently? moreover, since every SP can run 96 threads and we have 8 SPs in every SM. does this mean that every SM can run 96*8=768 threads concurrently?? but if every SM can run a single Block at a time, and the maximum number of threads in a block is 512, so what is the purpose of running 768 threads concurrently and have a max of 512 threads? a more general question is:how are blocks,threads,and warps distributed to SMs and SPs? i read that every SM gets a single block to execute at a time and threads in a block is divided into warps (32 threads), and SPs execute warps.

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• Cast IEnumerable<Inherited> To IEnumerable<Base>

  - by david2342

  I'm trying to cast an IEnumerable of an inherited type to IEnumerable of base class. Have tried following: var test = resultFromDb.Cast<BookedResource>(); return test.ToList(); But getting error: You cannot convert these types. Linq to Entities only supports conversion primitive EDM-types. The classes involved look like this: public partial class HistoryBookedResource : BookedResource { } public partial class HistoryBookedResource { public int ResourceId { get; set; } public string DateFrom { get; set; } public string TimeFrom { get; set; } public string TimeTo { get; set; } } public partial class BookedResource { public int ResourceId { get; set; } public string DateFrom { get; set; } public string TimeFrom { get; set; } public string TimeTo { get; set; } } [MetadataType(typeof(BookedResourceMetaData))] public partial class BookedResource { } public class BookedResourceMetaData { [Required(ErrorMessage = "Resource id is Required")] [Range(0, int.MaxValue, ErrorMessage = "Resource id is must be an number")] public object ResourceId { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "Date is Required")] public object DateFrom { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "Time From is Required")] public object TimeFrom { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "Time to is Required")] public object TimeTo { get; set; } } The problem I'm trying to solve is to get records from table HistoryBookedResource and have the result in an IEnumerable<BookedResource> using Entity Framework and LINQ. UPDATE: When using the following the cast seams to work but when trying to loop with a foreach the data is lost. resultFromDb.ToList() as IEnumerable<BookedResource>; UPDATE 2: Im using entity frameworks generated model, model (edmx) is created from database, edmx include classes that reprecent the database tables. In database i have a history table for old BookedResource and it can happen that the user want to look at these and to get the old data from the database entity framework uses classes with the same name as the tables to receive data from db. So i receive the data from table HistoryBookedResource in HistoryBookedResource class. Because entity framework generate the partial classes with the properties i dont know if i can make them virtual and override. Any suggestions will be greatly appreciated.

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