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  • vlans on openvz, centos 6

    - by arheops
    i have centos 6 with openvz installed on it, switch with vlan support. I need following setup: 1) eth0 on openvz have be tagged multiple vlans. 2) each virtualhost have to be in single vlan. yes,i already read wiki on openvz, but it is just not work. I have on main server interface eth0.108 and able ping address on that interface(using nootbook on untagged port vlan 108), but i not able ping address inside container. Main node: [root@box1 conf]# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr D0:67:E5:F4:11:60 inet6 addr: fe80::d267:e5ff:fef4:1160/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:506 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:25 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:68939 (67.3 KiB) TX bytes:1780 (1.7 KiB) Interrupt:16 Memory:c0000000-c0012800 eth0.108 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr D0:67:E5:F4:11:60 inet addr:10.11.108.3 Bcast:10.11.111.255 Mask:255.255.252.0 inet6 addr: fe80::d267:e5ff:fef4:1160/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:238 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:19 errors:0 dropped:12 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:25890 (25.2 KiB) TX bytes:926 (926.0 b) eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr D0:67:E5:F4:11:61 inet addr:192.168.23.233 Bcast:192.168.23.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::d267:e5ff:fef4:1161/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:1967 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:356 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:365298 (356.7 KiB) TX bytes:115007 (112.3 KiB) Interrupt:17 Memory:c2000000-c2012800 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:7 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:7 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:784 (784.0 b) TX bytes:784 (784.0 b) venet0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet6 addr: fe80::1/128 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:3 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) veth108.0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:18:51:DA:94:D5 inet6 addr: fe80::218:51ff:feda:94d5/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:639 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:5 errors:0 dropped:1 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:17996 (17.5 KiB) TX bytes:308 (308.0 b) virtual node [root@pbx108 /]# ifconfig eth0.108 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:18:51:CA:B5:C5 inet addr:10.11.108.1 Bcast:10.11.111.255 Mask:255.255.252.0 inet6 addr: fe80::218:51ff:feca:b5c5/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:5 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:685 errors:0 dropped:2 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:308 (308.0 b) TX bytes:19284 (18.8 KiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:683 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:683 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:76288 (74.5 KiB) TX bytes:76288 (74.5 KiB) /etc/vz/conf/108.conf # RAM PHYSPAGES="0:4000M" # Swap SWAPPAGES="0:512M" # Disk quota parameters (in form of softlimit:hardlimit) DISKSPACE="200G:200G" DISKINODES="20000000:22000000" QUOTATIME="0" # CPU fair scheduler parameter CPUUNITS="4000" VE_ROOT="/vz/root/$VEID" VE_PRIVATE="/vz/private/$VEID" OSTEMPLATE="centos-6-x86_64" ORIGIN_SAMPLE="vswap-256m" NETIF="ifname=eth0.108,mac=00:18:51:CA:B5:C5,host_ifname=veth108.0,host_mac=00:18:51:DA:94:D5" NAMESERVER="8.8.8.8" HOSTNAME="pbx108.localhost" IP_ADDRESS=""

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  • How to interrupt software raid resync?

    - by Adam5
    I want to interrupt a running resync operation on an ubuntu 10.04 software raid. (This is the regular scheduled compare resync) How to stop it while it is running? Another raid array is "resync pending", I want a complete stop of all resyncing. [Edit: "sudo kill -9 1010" doesn't do anything, 1010 is the PID of the md2_resync process] I would also like to know how I can control the intervals between resyncs and the remainig time till the next one.

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  • How to get an inactive RAID device working again?

    - by Jonik
    After booting, my RAID1 device (/dev/md_d0 *) sometimes goes in some funny state and I cannot mount it. * Originally I created /dev/md0 but it has somehow changed itself into /dev/md_d0. # mount /opt mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md_d0, missing codepage or helper program, or other error (could this be the IDE device where you in fact use ide-scsi so that sr0 or sda or so is needed?) In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so The RAID device appears to be inactive somehow: # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md_d0 : inactive sda4[0](S) 241095104 blocks # mdadm --detail /dev/md_d0 mdadm: md device /dev/md_d0 does not appear to be active. Question is, how to make the device active again (using mdmadm, I presume)? (Other times it's alright (active) after boot, and I can mount it manually without problems. But it still won't mount automatically even though I have it in /etc/fstab: /dev/md_d0 /opt ext4 defaults 0 0 So a bonus question: what should I do to make the RAID device automatically mount at /opt at boot time?) This is an Ubuntu 9.10 workstation. Background info about my RAID setup in this question. Edit: My /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf looks like this. I've never touched this file, at least by hand. # by default, scan all partitions (/proc/partitions) for MD superblocks. # alternatively, specify devices to scan, using wildcards if desired. DEVICE partitions # auto-create devices with Debian standard permissions CREATE owner=root group=disk mode=0660 auto=yes # automatically tag new arrays as belonging to the local system HOMEHOST <system> # instruct the monitoring daemon where to send mail alerts MAILADDR <my mail address> # definitions of existing MD arrays # This file was auto-generated on Wed, 27 Jan 2010 17:14:36 +0200 In /proc/partitions the last entry is md_d0 at least now, after reboot, when the device happens to be active again. (I'm not sure if it would be the same when it's inactive.) Resolution: as Jimmy Hedman suggested, I took the output of mdadm --examine --scan: ARRAY /dev/md0 level=raid1 num-devices=2 UUID=de8fbd92[...] and added it in /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf, which seems to have fixed the main problem. After changing /etc/fstab to use /dev/md0 again (instead of /dev/md_d0), the RAID device also gets automatically mounted!

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  • How to recover a MySQL InnoDB table?

    - by Kau-Boy
    When I try to launch the Plesk administration page of you server I get the following error: ERROR: PleskMainDBException MySQL query failed: MySQL server has gone away The MySQL Server is working well. Although it seems that the plesk database is somehow corrupt and any action on this database results in a restart of the mysql process, so even queries to other databases on the same MySQL server will be lost. If I try to connect to the plesk database using phpMyAdmin, I can only see the number of tables, the database had originally. But I am not able to open the tables listing. As soon as I try it, the mysql process crashes again. Trying to connect to the database using ssh works. I can even run a SELECT statement against any table an get a result. I don't know if it is an plesk error or an error of the psa database or even the MySQL server. Can you give me any tips on how to recover the plesk system. Should I try to repair the Plesk installation before. And if so, how can I do it and will all my settings get lost doing it? EDIT: Trying to dump the database, I get the following error: mysqldump: Got error: 2013: Lost connection to MySQL server during query when using LOCK TABLES EDIT: I could find out, that the table 'data_bases' is responsible for the crash of the MySQL server process. But trying to repair it using a REPAIR TABLE statement doesn't work. EDIT: I now dropped the whole database and restored it from a dump. But why I try to recover the data_bases table I get the following error: ERROR 1005 (HY000) at line 24: Can't create table './psa/data_bases.frm' (errno: 121) I am not able to create the table again. Somewhere in the MySQL system there is still some information about this table. I tested the same thing locally. If I just delete the table files and then try to create the table again I get the same error. If I drop the table through MySQL, I can create the table again afterwards. But trying to drop the table using MySQL the whole MySQL system crashed. Is there any way to solve that issue?

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  • Getting Pango-WARNING: Invalid UTF-8 string passed to pango_layout_set_text()

    - by geerlingguy
    About three days ago, I noticed the exim mailqueue started filling up on one of my servers, and upon inspecting some of the emails using # exim -Mvb $ID, I noticed they were being sent to some system email address (which is not a real address), and the body of the messages were as follows: (process:8259): Pango-WARNING **: Invalid UTF-8 string passed to pango_layout_set_text() I'm wondering what could be causing this strange issue, as I've never heard of 'pango' at all... I've never seen that function used in my lifetime! It seems the process id (PID) is for an apache process, though, as the pids are always gone by the time I use # ps -aux to look them up. Edit: Whoops! Forgot to include the subject - looks like it's actually munin-cron that's bringing up the issue: Subject: Cron /usr/bin/munin-cron --force-root

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  • Sendmail doesn't work with iptables, even though smtp and dns are allowed

    - by tom
    I have sendmail installed on Ubuntu 10.04 solely for the use of the php mail() function. This works fine unless iptables is running (I've been using sendmail [email protected] to test this). I think that I have allowed SMTP and DNS (the script I am using to test iptables rules is below, in my version are the actual IPs of my hosts nameservers), but to no avail! iptables --flush iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT # Postgres iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 5432 -j ACCEPT # Webmin iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 10000 -j ACCEPT # Ping iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-reply -j ACCEPT # sendmail iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 25 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 25 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT # DNS iptables -A INPUT -p udp --sport 53 -s <nameserver1> -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p udp --sport 53 -s <nameserver2> -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --sport 53 -s <nameserver1> -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --sport 53 -s <nameserver2> -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 53 -d <nameserver1> -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 53 -d <nameserver2> -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 53 -d <nameserver1> -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 53 -d <nameserver2> -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -j DROP # Add loopback iptables -I INPUT 1 -i lo -j ACCEPT

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  • Can enabling a RAID controller's writeback cache harm overall performance?

    - by Nathan O'Sullivan
    I have an 8 drive RAID 10 setup connected to an Adaptec 5805Z, running Centos 5.5 and deadline scheduler. A basic dd read test shows 400mb/sec, and a basic dd write test shows about the same. When I run the two simultaneously, I see the read speed drop to ~5mb/sec while the write speed stays at more or less the same 400mb/sec. The output of iostat -x as you would expect, shows that very few read transactions are being executed while the disk is bombarded with writes. If i turn the controller's writeback cache off, I dont see a 50:50 split but I do see a marked improvement, somewhere around 100mb/s reads and 300mb/s writes. I've also found if I lower the nr_requests setting on the drive's queue (somewhere around 8 seems optimal) I can end up with 150mb/sec reads and 150mb/sec writes; ie. a reduction in total throughput but certainly more suitable for my workload. Is this a real phenomenon? Or is my synthetic test too simplistic? The reason this could happen seems clear enough, when the scheduler switches from reads to writes, it can run heaps of write requests because they all just land in the controllers cache but must be carried out at some point. I would guess the actual disk writes are occuring when the scheduler starts trying to perform reads again, resulting in very few read requests being executed. This seems a reasonable explanation, but it also seems like a massive drawback to using writeback cache on an system with non-trivial write loads. I've been searching for discussions around this all afternoon and found nothing. What am I missing?

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  • Centos Server/MySQL server problem

    - by Jake
    Hello all, I currently run a website we get about 15,000-20,000 hits a day. We currently run a very active forum, that is hosted using Vbulletin software. We have 4.5 Million Posts, 80,000 Threads, with about 11,000 members of which just under a third is active all the time. Now I am running a Intel Xeon Quad Core (2.13Ghz) with 4GB of RAM, Centos 5.5 and running DirectAdmin on the box to manage it. I also run the current stable version of Apache, MySQL, and php. This is the only site that is hosted on this machine. Now during random times of day sometimes when it gets busy the server load can get to like 20, but this can also happen when we only have like 200 users active too. I dont understand what is causing these problems. Sometimes I get pages that can generate in .2 seconds other times it takes like 5-8 seconds. I have customized the my.cnf file and that has not helped out anything, I didnt know where else to turn so if anyone has any suggestions please let me know. Thank You In advance.

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  • What's the issue with this Samba setup?

    - by Dan Nestor
    I asked this on superuser, but I realized that may be the wrong place. I am duplicating the question here, I hope this is allowed. I am trying to share a directory through samba. In smb.conf I have the following: [global] workgroup = WORKGROUP security = user passdb backend = tdbsam netbios name = <hostname> [share_name] path = </path/to/share> writable = yes valid users = <username> <username>, the user in question, is the owner of directory /path/to/share. Permissions on the directory are 755. If I try to connect from another computer, the connection attempt is unsuccessful (I assume it's an authentication error, because it re-prompts me for the password). The client requires a domain name for authentication, I tried both WORKGROUP and the hostname/netbios name of the samba server. Samba logs on the server have no mention of the failed connection attempt. Firewall on the server is down. What am I doing wrong? Update: have since run smbpasswd -a <username> and now I am getting a clear error message, "not enough permissions to view contents of share".

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  • System information shown when booting Debian

    - by WebDevHobo
    When booting Debian, you'll see it printing a lot of information about the system variables and such. I don't really need to see all that, so I'd like to modify some scripts to make sure that on boot, it just does what it has to do, without printing it on the screen. Just something I fancy. Offcourse, still seeing errors would be nice. But that long slur of text, I could do without. I've tried looking it up, but I can't find documentation on this specific thing anywhere.

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  • Making libmagic/file detect .docx files

    - by Jonatan Littke
    As seen elsewhere, docx, xlsx and pttx are ZIPs. When uploading them to my web application, file (via libmagic andpython-magic) detects them as being ZIP. I store the contents of the file as a blob in the database, but naturally I don't want to trust the user with what kind of file type this is. So I would like to trust file for and automatically generate a filename during download. I know one can modify /etc/magic but the format (magic(5)) is way too complicated for me. I found a bug report on the issue at Debian bugs but since it's from 2008 it doesn't seem to be fixed any time soon. I guess my only other alternative is to indeed trust the user (but still store the contents as a blob) and only check the file extension based on the file name. This way I can disallow some extensions and allow others. And when the user re-downloads his file, he can have it in whatever way he uploaded it. But this solution is insecure if the file is shared with others, since you can simply rename the file to allow uploading it. Any ideas? Lastly, I found a list of magic numbers for docx etc, but I'm unable to convert these into the magic(5) format.

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  • Bacula Director and Storage in LAN

    - by B14D3
    I have two networks LAN and DMZ.. Machines in DMZ are accesible from internet ( only over http). In LAN I have servers that see all LAN and all DMZ machines but machinse from DMZ don't see any LAN servers. Machines in LAN have access only to all LAN and DMZ, no direct access to internet and no access from internet. DMZ <------ LAN DMZ ----X--->LAN I'm planning to configure Bacula as major backup system. My plan is to install Bacula Director and Storage deamon on the same server in LAN for safety reasons. So my question is: Will this configuration work, is it posible for bacula director and storage deamon installed on server in LAN to makes backup servers that are in my DMZ? Or in this network configuration Bacula should be in DMZ? (If yes will I can backup with it servers in LAN ?)

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  • How to kill user processes from the same user?

    - by Grey
    I opened a VNC server and my VNC session is suddenly dead. I have lot of xterms open. When I ssh to the machine. and type users I see a bunch of users – my user accounts, like: userA UserA UserA UserA UserA UserA UserA I know I can use pkill -u usersname Since I can only log in as userA, every time I run pkill-u UserA, it will just kill my current session. but other userAs are still there What can I do?

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  • Can I enable discards on a LUKS-encrypted ssd drive in RHEL6 (and do I need to)?

    - by Dan Nestor
    I have a RHEL 6.4 workstation, running on a LUKS-encrypted LV residing on a SSD. I found RedHat documentation stating that dm_crypt does not currently support TRIM passthrough, however I also found other sources that state the opposite (albeit for other distributions) and even that discards are not needed for recent SSD drives which use some sort of automatic garbage collection. So: 1) Can I enable TRIM/discards with my setup? 2) Do I need to, for optimal disk performance? Thanks for your thoughts.

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  • How to install missing Sound Drivers in Ubuntu?

    - by Sakamoto Kazuma
    I seem to be missing drivers for my Gateway laptop MA7. I have looked in System-Admin-Hardware Drivers, but it does not show up in there.There are also no devices listed in Sound-Hardware. I'm guessing at this point that I don't have the driver installed. However, I get the following output: admin@machine001:~$ cat /proc/asound/cards 0 [Intel ]: HDA-Intel - HDA Intel HDA Intel at 0xd8240000 irq 22 admin@machine001:~$ And my lspci shows: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Mobile 945GM/PM/GMS, 943/940GML and 945GT Express Memory Controller Hub (rev 03) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Mobile 945GM/GMS, 943/940GML Express Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 03) 00:02.1 Display controller: Intel Corporation Mobile 945GM/GMS/GME, 943/940GML Express Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 03) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High Definition Audio Controller (rev 02) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 1 (rev 02) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 2 (rev 02) 00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 02) 00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 02) 00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 02) 00:1d.3 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 (rev 02) 00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 02) 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge (rev e2) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GBM (ICH7-M) LPC Interface Bridge (rev 02) 00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) IDE Controller (rev 02) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 82801GBM/GHM (ICH7 Family) SATA AHCI Controller (rev 02) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus Controller (rev 02) 02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Marvell Technology Group Ltd. 88E8038 PCI-E Fast Ethernet Controller (rev 14) 03:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless 3945ABG [Golan] Network Connection (rev 02) 04:09.0 CardBus bridge: Texas Instruments PCIxx12 Cardbus Controller 04:09.1 FireWire (IEEE 1394): Texas Instruments PCIxx12 OHCI Compliant IEEE 1394 Host Controller 04:09.2 Mass storage controller: Texas Instruments 5-in-1 Multimedia Card Reader (SD/MMC/MS/MS PRO/xD) I have also checked alsamixer, and nothing is muted. No headphones plugged into headphone jack either. So the question now is, how do I get sound to work on my laptop? It doesn't work for any application.

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  • ubuntu input/output error

    - by rplevy
    I'm having a problem with Ubuntu that I'm finding hard to troubleshoot for reasons that will become clear: reboot -bash: /sbin/reboot: Input/output error dmesg -bash: /bin/dmesg: Input/output error ps -e ps: error while loading shared libraries: /lib/libproc-3.2.8.so: cannot read file data: Input/output error lsof -bash: /usr/bin/lsof: Input/output error fsck -bash: /sbin/fsck: Input/output error badblocks -bash: /sbin/badblocks: Input/output error So I can't see what is going on, and I can't remotely reboot. What can I do to get to the bottom of this? Interestingly: init 0 Segmentation fault I can cat /var/syslog but not /var/log/messages or several other important files. less and more don't work, neither do tail or head, etc.

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  • Slight delay when switching modes in vim using tmux or screen

    - by Ton van den Heuvel
    Switching to and from insert mode in Vim is no longer instantaneous since I use tmux. After pressing Esc in insert mode, it takes a noticeable amount of time to actually get out of insert mode. After pressing Esc and any other key afterwards the switch is immediate, and the command for the key pressed after Esc is executed. Any idea what might cause this? The Vim configuration is not the problem as the delay does not occur when I run Vim outside tmux, so this is probably related to tmux somehow. I use gnome-terminal btw. Also worth noting, it seems I can not define key bindings in tmux for Esc, my plan was to bind Esc to: bind Escape send-keys ^[ Alas, it seems binding anything to Esc for tmux does not work. The same problem occurs in screen as well.

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  • How to recover data from software RAID 5 disk partition

    - by Ali n
    I have CentOS 5.8 on my computer, with 5x 1TB hard drives. I used software RAID. (RAID 1 as a boot partition md0, RAID 0 as a root partition md1 and RAID 5 as /home partition md3). Unfortunately one of these hard drives failed lately and I want to replace it with a new one. I want to know that is it possible to change this hard drive without data loss? The important partition is RAID 5 so in theory if one of hard drives failed I should be able to recover its data without any problem. But in practice how can I do that?

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  • Parallel processing slower than sequential?

    - by zebediah49
    EDIT: For anyone who stumbles upon this in the future: Imagemagick uses a MP library. It's faster to use available cores if they're around, but if you have parallel jobs, it's unhelpful. Do one of the following: do your jobs serially (with Imagemagick in parallel mode) set MAGICK_THREAD_LIMIT=1 for your invocation of the imagemagick binary in question. By making Imagemagick use only one thread, it slows down by 20-30% in my test cases, but meant I could run one job per core without issues, for a significant net increase in performance. Original question: While converting some images using ImageMagick, I noticed a somewhat strange effect. Using xargs was significantly slower than a standard for loop. Since xargs limited to a single process should act like a for loop, I tested that, and found it to be about the same. Thus, we have this demonstration. Quad core (AMD Athalon X4, 2.6GHz) Working entirely on a tempfs (16g ram total; no swap) No other major loads Results: /media/ramdisk/img$ time for f in *.bmp; do echo $f ${f%bmp}png; done | xargs -n 2 -P 1 convert -auto-level real 0m3.784s user 0m2.240s sys 0m0.230s /media/ramdisk/img$ time for f in *.bmp; do echo $f ${f%bmp}png; done | xargs -n 2 -P 2 convert -auto-level real 0m9.097s user 0m28.020s sys 0m0.910s /media/ramdisk/img$ time for f in *.bmp; do echo $f ${f%bmp}png; done | xargs -n 2 -P 10 convert -auto-level real 0m9.844s user 0m33.200s sys 0m1.270s Can anyone think of a reason why running two instances of this program takes more than twice as long in real time, and more than ten times as long in processor time to complete the same task? After that initial hit, more processes do not seem to have as significant of an effect. I thought it might have to do with disk seeking, so I did that test entirely in ram. Could it have something to do with how Convert works, and having more than one copy at once means it cannot use processor cache as efficiently or something? EDIT: When done with 1000x 769KB files, performance is as expected. Interesting. /media/ramdisk/img$ time for f in *.bmp; do echo $f ${f%bmp}png; done | xargs -n 2 -P 1 convert -auto-level real 3m37.679s user 5m6.980s sys 0m6.340s /media/ramdisk/img$ time for f in *.bmp; do echo $f ${f%bmp}png; done | xargs -n 2 -P 1 convert -auto-level real 3m37.152s user 5m6.140s sys 0m6.530s /media/ramdisk/img$ time for f in *.bmp; do echo $f ${f%bmp}png; done | xargs -n 2 -P 2 convert -auto-level real 2m7.578s user 5m35.410s sys 0m6.050s /media/ramdisk/img$ time for f in *.bmp; do echo $f ${f%bmp}png; done | xargs -n 2 -P 4 convert -auto-level real 1m36.959s user 5m48.900s sys 0m6.350s /media/ramdisk/img$ time for f in *.bmp; do echo $f ${f%bmp}png; done | xargs -n 2 -P 10 convert -auto-level real 1m36.392s user 5m54.840s sys 0m5.650s

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  • How to get ~/foo from /home/user1/foo?

    - by Claudius
    The Bash prompt supports the \w escape sequence, documented as \w the current working directory, with $HOME abbreviated with a tilde (uses the value of the PROMPT_DIRTRIM variable) Is there any way to get a similar abbreviation for an arbitrary string? That is, is there a general command that does something like the following, provided that HOME=/home/user1 /home/user1 ? ~ /home/user1/a/1 ? ~/a/1 /home/user2/b/2 ? ~user2/b/2 /root ? ~root Sure, I could try something ugly with sed, but that is unlikely to give me the result I want in any case. :-) The movitation behind this is that I would like to keep the titles in the tabs of my terminals as short as possible, hence abbreviate working directories where possible.

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  • sSMTP Configuration Question

    - by SevenCentral
    I've installed sSMTP on Ubuntu 10.04 via: sudo apt-get install ssmtp My configuration file is: # # Config file for sSMTP sendmail # # The person who gets all mail for userids < 1000 # Make this empty to disable rewriting. [email protected] # The place where the mail goes. The actual machine name is required no # MX records are consulted. Commonly mailhosts are named mail.domain.com mailhub=smtp.gmail.com:587 # Where will the mail seem to come from? #rewriteDomain= # The full hostname hostname=somedomain.com # Are users allowed to set their own From: address? # YES - Allow the user to specify their own From: address # NO - Use the system generated From: address #FromLineOverride=YES [email protected] authpass=**** usestarttls=yes Am I transmitting my credentials in clear text? Is calling ssmtp a secure operation? Thanks.

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  • Ubuntu 10.04 freezing and Ctrl + Alt + Backspace does nothing but music keeps playing

    - by Bryce Thomas
    I'm having intermittent problems where the screen will freeze in Ubuntu. I've tried using Ctrl + Alt + Backspace to restart the X-server, though this does nothing. When the freeze occurs, there's a small square of black dashes around the mouse pointer - maybe 1 inch in size. These dashes look a lot like a 2d barcode. The rest of the screen looks normal, but I can't move the mouse and none of the keyboard shortcuts work to do anything. However, music that I begin playing before the freeze continues to play, which seems to indicate it hasn't stalled up completely. I've noticed a similar freezing problem when I'm using Windows 7. That is, I see the same barcode like dashes around the mouse pointer when it freezes up. So I'm guessing it's either a driver or hardware problem. I thought if it was a hardware problem though, the whole computer might stop working (i.e. music would stop playing)? The video card I am using is an Nvidia, and I believe it's in the 7600 range. In Ubuntu I have the drivers for the card set to the latest available (proprietary). Ideally I'd like to be able to continue using the proprietary drivers. Is there any known issues with the drivers for this model graphics card, or has anyone experienced the same problem and knows how to fix it?

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  • Script execution flow stopped?

    - by vijay.shad
    Hi all, Now my script is able to start server, But I am still have some problem with my script. When the start server command is executed, the control does not pass the line and does not execute further of that line. Please tell me what is the problem and how can I get smooth execution of the my script.

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  • DNS issue on Fedora 12? wget wordpress.org fails where wget www.google.com works

    - by Tom Auger
    I'm administering a Fedora 12 box, but am quite new to networking specifics. Recently one of our WordPress apps hosted on our server has stopped being able to perform its auto-update or auto-download of plugins. Investigating further, I have tried the following: $ wget wordpress.org --2010-12-17 11:26:50-- http://wordpress.org/ Resolving wordpress.org... failed: Temporary failure in name resolution. wget: unable to resolve host address âwordpress.orgâ Whereas: $ wget www.google.com --2010-12-17 11:27:26-- http://www.google.com/ Resolving www.google.com... 74.125.226.82, 74.125.226.84, 74.125.226.80, ... Connecting to www.google.com|74.125.226.82|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found Location: http://www.google.ca/ [following] --2010-12-17 11:27:26-- http://www.google.ca/ Resolving www.google.ca... 173.194.32.104 Connecting to www.google.ca|173.194.32.104|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: unspecified [text/html] Saving to: âindex.html.4â [ <=> ] 9,079 --.-K/s in 0.02s 2010-12-17 11:27:26 (462 KB/s) - âindex.html.4â Interestingly: $ ping wordpress.org PING wordpress.org (72.233.56.138) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from wordpress.org (72.233.56.138): icmp_seq=1 ttl=50 time=81.5 ms 64 bytes from wordpress.org (72.233.56.138): icmp_seq=2 ttl=50 time=67.3 ms ^C --- wordpress.org ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1783ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 67.361/74.448/81.536/7.092 ms and $ nslookup wordpress.org Server: 192.168.2.1 Address: 192.168.2.1#53 Non-authoritative answer: Name: wordpress.org Address: 72.233.56.138 Name: wordpress.org Address: 72.233.56.139 nscd has been stopped and flushed. iptables appear to be clean. At this point I have exhausted my limited abilities to diagnose the issue. Can anyone suggest a resolution path?

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