C++ type-checking at compile-time
- by Masterofpsi
Hi, all. I'm pretty new to C++, and I'm writing a small library (mostly for my own projects) in C++. In the process of designing a type hierarchy, I've run into the problem of defining the assignment operator.
I've taken the basic approach that was eventually reached in this article, which is that for every class MyClass in a hierarchy derived from a class Base you define two assignment operators like so:
class MyClass: public Base {
public:
MyClass& operator =(MyClass const& rhs);
virtual MyClass& operator =(Base const& rhs);
};
// automatically gets defined, so we make it call the virtual function below
MyClass& MyClass::operator =(MyClass const& rhs);
{
return (*this = static_cast<Base const&>(rhs));
}
MyClass& MyClass::operator =(Base const& rhs);
{
assert(typeid(rhs) == typeid(*this)); // assigning to different types is a logical error
MyClass const& casted_rhs = dynamic_cast<MyClass const&>(rhs);
try {
// allocate new variables
Base::operator =(rhs);
} catch(...) {
// delete the allocated variables
throw;
}
// assign to member variables
}
The part I'm concerned with is the assertion for type equality. Since I'm writing a library, where assertions will presumably be compiled out of the final result, this has led me to go with a scheme that looks more like this:
class MyClass: public Base {
public:
operator =(MyClass const& rhs); // etc
virtual inline MyClass& operator =(Base const& rhs)
{
assert(typeid(rhs) == typeid(*this));
return this->set(static_cast<Base const&>(rhs));
}
private:
MyClass& set(Base const& rhs); // same basic thing
};
But I've been wondering if I could check the types at compile-time. I looked into Boost.TypeTraits, and I came close by doing BOOST_MPL_ASSERT((boost::is_same<BOOST_TYPEOF(*this), BOOST_TYPEOF(rhs)>));, but since rhs is declared as a reference to the parent class and not the derived class, it choked.
Now that I think about it, my reasoning seems silly -- I was hoping that since the function was inline, it would be able to check the actual parameters themselves, but of course the preprocessor always gets run before the compiler. But I was wondering if anyone knew of any other way I could enforce this kind of check at compile-time.
