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• Will these instructions work when turning of journaling on an ext4 SSD?

  - by snowlord

  I have an Acer Aspire One with an SSD for storage. I recently installed Ubuntu on it and chose ext4 for my filesystem. Then I read that journaling on an SSD isn't the best idea, so I will try to disable journaling and I have found these intstructions (from http://fenidik.blogspot.com/2010/03/ext4-disable-journal.html): # Create ext4 fs on /dev/sda10 disk mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda10 # Enable writeback mode. This mode will typically provide the best ext4 performance. tune2fs -o journal_data_writeback /dev/sda10 # Delete has_journal option tune2fs -O ^has_journal /dev/sda10 # Required fsck e2fsck -f /dev/sda10 # Check fs options dumpe2fs /dev/sda10 |more For more performance add fstab opions: data=writeback,noatime,nodiratime i.e: /dev/sda10 /opt ext4 defaults,data=writeback,noatime,nodiratime 0 0 I will use them on my boot partition. Are there any particularly bad parts here, or are there any missing steps? Will my boot partition be fit for being on an SSD after this? Or should I consider switching to ext2, or even reinstall it all and choose ext2 at partitioning time (I'd rather not though, since I've configured quite some stuff already)?

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• Need advise for choosing software\hardware for virtualization.

  - by Anatoly

  Currently we have these servers : Windows SBS 2003 premium on IBM X266 double Xeon F43, 2GB ram. DC, exchange (70 users), Mssql. Windows 2003 R2 32bit on IBM x3400 with double XEON E5310 and 4GB ram. Terminal server (40+ users), ERP application based on uniPaaS platform from Magicsoftware, and Pervasive sql. Ubuntu 8.04 (simple pc box) with squid proxy, GLPI system and PHPBB3 forum for internal use. Recently number of concurrent users on Terminal server passed 40 users in rush hours and it gets stuck frequently. Therefore we need an upgrade. I think about transfer all physical servers to virtual servers based on cluster of 2 physical servers for reducing downtime. I think we will grow till 50-60 concurrent terminal users in rush hours. I also plan to virtualize 10-15 Win XP/7 workstation (office,ERP etc), and there is a little probability for Asterisk\Hylafax for 100 users (if it possible on same VM). Also we need NAS storage for 2-3TB. What hardware upgrade/purchase we need for complete this task? Which VM solution is preferable VmWare or Hyper-V? What backup software should we choose? Acronis or something another? Thank you in advance.

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• Drowning in documents - recommend doc management solutions?

  - by Martin Day

  I've been researching document management lately. I want to organise my docs at home and also at the office. Finding affordable solutions one can actually test drive is quite hard. Some that I've downloaded just don't seem to work (testing on brand new Vista PC). I've seen some software on Amazon like Paperport but not really sure what they're like. For home I'd like something to organise files, full text search, good scanner integration, nice interface etc. But for the office it seems harder. I need something that does proper workflow and keeps versions. It will have an audit trail. Documents can be approved, checked in/out etc. I know a few clients who would like something similar. It would be great just to import thousands of documents from a shared drive and get them indexed with dupes killed. I'd like to be super clear about how/where the documents are being stored so that maintenance and backups are clear. My Google/twitter searches lead back to the same tired and vague webpages pushing what look like expensive and custom made solutions. Some might be very good I suppose but it's darn hard to tell. I don't mind a hosted package but all in all I don't think something like Google Docs, as good as it is now, will work. There are too many quirks and missing features (as compared to Office). Being able to work directly with the common Office file formats is important. I've noted a similar sounding question asked here back in August but it didn't seem to turn up too many solutions that I could easily and quickly apply. Also there could have been some changes since then so I feel it's worth asking.

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• Whats the best cloud backup solution for a small scale server envoirnment?

  - by nbv4

  I have a server that runs a postgres database that contains about 200MB of data. Currently I have a cron job setup on my home computer which: ssh's into my server runs a remote script which makes a backup of the database scp's that dump over to my local hard drive for storage. Each dump is 20MiB. does this every six hours (one months of backups is roughly 2GiB) The problem with this setup is that if my local machine goes down for whatever reason, no backups will be made. Also, I can't have the cron run from the server, because I can't have it scp'd to my local machine from my server (firewalls and all that crap). My local machine is running Ubuntu 10.04, and my server is Ubuntu 9.10 server edition. I looked into Ubuntu One, but currently it's gui-only. I also looked into dropbox, but it's a pain in the ass to get setup in linux without gui support. Amazon S3 looks good but it's not free (yet dirt cheap). Is there any other alternative that I should look into? I'd prefer something where I can just have my script dump the database into a directory, and have the backup service 'watch' that folder and sync accordingly. I can maybe also have my local machine sync to the cloud backup so I have even more redundancy, plus easy access to my backups for use in testing.

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• Reset rc.d so software starts at boot again

  - by natli

  I ran the following 2 commands on my VPS box and now it boots without starting any software at all. According to rcconf it's still supposed to start my chosen software (ssh etc.) but it doesn't. update-rc.d vz defaults update-rc.d vzeventd defaults I already tried removing them again with update-rc.d -f vz remove update-rc.d -f vzeventd remove But that didnt't change anything. /etc/rc.local also still correctly lists some scripts I want to run at start-up, but they don't seem to be called either. I expect the top 2 commands to be responsible, but here's everything I did: mkdir /var/openvz-dl cd /var/openvz-dl wget http://download.openvz.org/kernel/branches/rhel6-2.6.32/042stab062.2/vzkernel-2.6.32-042stab062.2.x86_64.rpm wget http://download.openvz.org/kernel/branches/rhel6-2.6.32/042stab062.2/vzkernel-devel-2.6.32-042stab062.2.x86_64.rpm wget http://download.openvz.org/utils/vzctl/4.0/vzctl-4.0-1.x86_64.rpm wget http://download.openvz.org/utils/vzctl/4.0/vzctl-core-4.0-1.x86_64.rpm wget http://download.openvz.org/utils/ploop/1.5/ploop-1.5-1.x86_64.rpm wget http://download.openvz.org/utils/ploop/1.5/ploop-lib-1.5-1.x86_64.rpm wget http://download.openvz.org/utils/vzquota/3.1/vzquota-3.1-1.x86_64.rpm apt-get install fakeroot alien fakeroot alien --to-deb --scripts --keep-version vz*.rpm ploop*.rpm dpkg -i vz*.deb ploop*.deb --force-overwrite update-rc.d vz defaults update-rc.d vzeventd defaults reboot A huge part of that failed because I was running it on an OpenVZ VPS which has a shared kernel that can't be altered, so I also had to fix the dpkg like so (it was moaning about wanting to install vzkernel with a package not being found); rm /var/lib/dpkg/info/vzkernel* dpkg-reconfigure vzkernel --force dpkg --purge --force-all vzkernel But that didn't fix the boot issue either. How do I make my software start at boot again?

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• when to upgrade server to include more cores, versus more processors, versus additional server?

  - by gkdsp

  The server hosting market is separated into single, double, qual, etc., processors, where each processor has several cores, or CPUs. My company will offer a Linux-based web application that relies on an Apache web server and a middle tier for business logic. The middle tier is used to crunch math, and return result to a client. Many clients may access the application simultaneously. The company will start with one processor having 4 cores. I'm trying to understand how the app uses the cores and then how to scale the application as business grows, in terms of servers/processors/cores. For example, I'd assume initially one core would be used for Apache, and the other 3 used to process client's requests for math crunching... Question 1: does that mean, with the 3 cores available, I can handle 3 separate client requests simultaneously (e.g. 1 for each of 3 cores)? I mean, except for the shared RAM, is this effectively like having 3 individual machines (from pt of view or processing client requests simulaneously)? Or, only one client's request may be processed at any one time, but that client's request is divided up into up to 3 cores depending on the type of process running that does the math crunching and whether or not it can take advantage of multi threading (so the # of cores impacts how fast any one client request completes)? I'm confused about what the cores mean to the application here. Question 2: As the business grows and more client requests need to be processed, should the server be upgraded to (A) a new machine with more cores, (B) a new machine with two processors, 4 cores each, or (C) keep the original server and add another server with a single processor? Which route provides the most efficient way to scale the application, in terms of processing more client requests per time interval? Is the choice, for example, limited by RAM (when you need more RAM than box can handle it's time to add another server), or something else? Question 3: Is the total number of client requests processed simultaneously equal to the number of cores times the number of servers (minus the one core for Apache)?

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• Assigning cores to VM in vSphere

  - by user114933

  Complete vSphere newbie here... Background: So, I have a 12 core machine with 24 VMs on it. Currently, all the processing power is shared between these VMs equally. The question: Can I configure one VM to be given two CPU's worth processing no matter what's happening on the other machines? My Research: I tried two things in vSphere... I set the reservation and limit on one VM to equal the same as two cores. To test if my objective was being reached, I measured the time it would take to gzip a file when other VMs were running nothing and when other VMs were running CPU intensive operations. I expected the time to gzip the file would be the same because this VM gets priority for some processing. Unfortunately, the time taken to gzip the file when other VMs were running something was significantly more than when other VMs were not running anything. I tried setting the Hyperthreaded Core Sharing mode to Internal hoping that this would mean that my VM would get at least an entire core to itself. This did not work either. Thanks in advance!

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• Clone Microsoft VM > SharePoint issues

  - by Rob

  Hi, We have an existing (production) Hyper-V VM that I want to clone to create a staging server. This server is NOT on a domain/active-directory - uses all local computer accounts. It is Windows 2008 OS, SharePoint 2007, SQL server 2008, Reporting Services, and some custom line-of-business web-applications. We rename the server etc as per the documentation we have, but are having troubles specifically with SharePoint. Some of the sites do not come up, and some issues adding/updating site settings such as site owners. Does anyone know of a definitive resource to this process? thanks Update: We seem to have most working, but the Shared Service Provider, and the SSP's admin site, are not working. In addition, the custom web-parts that reference IIS Session objects are failing (which seem to be related to the Share Service Provider). All the Windows user accounts for various services are renamed during the server cloning, but the windows account names in SQL server are not automatically changed. We've tried to change them in SQL server but still does not seem to work Seems like allot of work - and am thinking that there must be some guidance out there. also getting this: NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object.] Microsoft.Office.Server.Administration.SqlSessionStateResolver.System.Web. IPartitionResolver.ResolvePartition(Object key) +135

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• Is there a limit to how many sites can be hosted on a single IP address when using HTTP Host Headers on Windows 2008?

  - by Kev

  For reasons that are lost in the mists of time, our older Windows (2000, 2003) servers have been configured with a "Administrative" IP address and three further "Hosting" IP addresses. There are also additional IP's for sites with SSL certificates. The "Administrative" IP address is where all our internal provisioning, monitoring and other such apps are bound to. We lock this down and don't permit access to it from the outside world (other than over our VPN). The three "Hosting" IP addresses are used for IIS website hosting (in conjunction with host headers). Historically, new site IP address allocations have been rotated through these three IP addresses. I'm not really sure why. I'm building a new batch of servers and I'm considering just having a single hosting IP address. Our servers can host up to 1200 sites on a single machine. Is there a technical limit to the number of IIS sites that can bind to a single IP address? Our Linux platform seems to do just fine with just a single shared IP + host headers. I initially thought this might be an SEO thing, but given that IPv4 address space conservation is paramount I hardly think Google or other search engines could reasonably penalise site rankings just because hundreds of sites hang off the same IP.

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• How to find what files / directories are not copied yet?

  - by user8676

  Hi all, I found the following 'nice' situation: An archive of few disks (actually three disks) which has a bunch of photos (more or less) organized. Well, this is good. A big disk shared on a network which has a bunch of photos which has another folder structure (even if is somewhat recognizable for a human being) than the archive described above, but some of the files on this big network share are the same with the files from the archive. Well, this is bad. What we need is to move the different (new) files from the network share in the archive (perhaps we'll use for this a new disk added to archive). The program that we need is different from a regular File Duplicate Finder program because usually the File Duplicate Finder finds the duplicates from all sources comparing each file with another. We want to find the differences between the two sources. It is fine for us to have a report generated in text file which after this we'll use to do our move. A Windows solution will be preferred. Any ideas? TIA

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• ubuntu's average load never below "0.00 0.01 0.05"

  - by Karma Fusebox

  I have several ubuntu 12.04 VMs running on a ubuntu 12.04 KVM host. Those of the virtual machines that are totally idle with no services (except syslog and the other "small" standard stuff of a fresh installation) show a constant load of "0.00 0.01 0.05" in top/htop as average 1/5/15. When there are "real" applications running, the load averages behave perfectly normal but they never fall below the mentioned values. While this doesn't affect performance at all and could easily be ignored, it screws up the monitoring graphs in a very annoying way: (Notice how load15 behaves nicely if 0.05 for a short time in the right half of the pic) Unfortunately I don't know what diagnostic outputs might be helpful for you, so here's some default stuff: # top top - 16:31:01 up 1:05, 1 user, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05 Tasks: 62 total, 1 running, 61 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.2%us, 0.2%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.2%id, 0.5%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 1019464k total, 73452k used, 946012k free, 6140k buffers Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 22504k cached . # free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 995 72 923 0 6 21 -/+ buffers/cache: 43 951 Swap: 0 0 0 . # iostat -x /dev/vda Linux 3.2.0-32-virtual (vm3) 11/15/2012 _x86_64_ (2 CPU) avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 0.25 0.00 0.65 0.20 0.24 98.66 Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rkB/s wkB/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await r_await w_await svctm %util vda 0.14 0.12 0.51 0.22 6.74 1.46 22.50 0.02 23.26 20.64 29.30 7.63 0.56 Need something else? Has anyone ever seen this behavior? Might this be a bug in kvm/ubuntu/kernel 3.x in the end? Thanks a lot!

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• How can I get ffmpeg to convert a .mov to a .gif?

  - by user29336

  I'm trying to convert a .mov to a .gif and I'm not having success. Here's the error: ffmpeg -pix_fmt rgb24 -i yesbuddy.mov output.gif ffmpeg version 0.11.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2012 the FFmpeg developers built on Jun 12 2012 17:47:34 with clang 2.1 (tags/Apple/clang-163.7.1) configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/0.11.1 --enable-shared --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-nonfree --enable-hardcoded-tables --enable-libfreetype --cc=/usr/bin/clang --enable-libx264 --enable-libfaac --enable-libmp3lame --enable-librtmp --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libxvid --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libass --enable-libvo-aacenc --disable-ffplay libavutil 51. 54.100 / 51. 54.100 libavcodec 54. 23.100 / 54. 23.100 libavformat 54. 6.100 / 54. 6.100 libavdevice 54. 0.100 / 54. 0.100 libavfilter 2. 77.100 / 2. 77.100 libswscale 2. 1.100 / 2. 1.100 libswresample 0. 15.100 / 0. 15.100 libpostproc 52. 0.100 / 52. 0.100 Option pixel_format not found. If I leave out the -pix_fmt rgb24 part it complains. Thoughts on how to fix?

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• Does having TRIM enabled affect other hard drives on a computer (and how do you know when Windows is using it)?

  - by Breakthrough

  I recently purchased a solid state drive (an OCZ Vertex 2 (80 GB)) to use as my primary operating system partition. I also have three other SATA hard drives of assorted sizes. I successfully installed Windows 7 Professional onto the SSD (works awesome, great response time and transfer rate), and used the other three HDDs for data storage. I was browsing through the Bible of OCZ SSDs, and noticed the following in Section 60-76 - Tweaks and TRIM: Q. How do I know if TRIM is enabled on my OCZ SSD? A. In Windows 7, go to start/run/cmd), type the following: fsutil.exe behaviour query DisableDeleteNotify It should respond back with: DisableDeleteNotify=0 if TRIM support is ready and active. If it's not, then type: fsutil.exe behavior set DisableDeleteNotify 0 After a bit of searching on Google, I found similar results elsewhere (set DisableDeleteNotify to 0, which makes sense since for TRIM to work, the solid-state drive needs to be notified when deletes occur (for the garbage collector) unlike a normal hard drive). When I run the query on fsutil, I get the following result: DisableDeleteNotify = 48 Following the instructions I found, I set this to 0 instead of 48. However, I am beginning to wonder. Is this all the proof I really need that the OS is using TRIM? Also, since this applies globally for the computer, is TRIM data being sent to the other hard drives connected to the computer? And if so, would this cause any degradation in disk performance?

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• What Windows service binds a NIC to the network?

  - by Bigbio2002

  I have a server that takes several minutes for the NIC to bind itself to the network upon startup (it has a statically-configured IP). This causes DNS/WINS/Intersite Messaging to fail to start, since they're dependent on a network connection. While I'm still attempting to find a root cause to this issue (I've done firmware updates, checked for any odd drivers/services, no luck so far), but in the meantime, I want to adjust the load order of services to ensure that the NIC binds first before these services attempt to start. The only question is, which service is it? The server is running Server 2008 R2 and only has one NIC installed. (On a side note, there are two other small but odd problems occuring with the server. The server had the issue described in KB2298620, which I've fixed. The other problem occurs in Windows Server Backup. No events appear in the upper portion of the window, despite the fact that backups are running in the background. Whenever I attempt to modify the backup schedule, it gives me the error "Not enough storage is available to process this command" and appears to fail, when, in fact, it actually succeeds. These may be separate issues, but something tells me that some of these might share a common root cause.)

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• quad sli with gtx 690 not working

  - by Moaadh

  I have two cards GTX 690 (dual core). I did the Sli successfully. Nvidia control panel acknowledges the two cards as quad Sli. However, the problem is that Windows 7 64-bit Ultimate is showing me the graph memory size as 4 GB while it is supposed to be 8 GB because of the Sli. Also the benchmark from all software is giving me a very low score compared to some other guy's benchmark on YouTube. It gives me a big headache. Does anyone know why this is happening? If so, how can I get Windows 7 to recognize all 8 GB of memory? Thanks for your help in advance. My computer specifications: (Processor: Intel Core i7-3930k @3.2GHz(12CPUs))--- (Memory: 65536 MB Ram 1866 MHz)-- (OS: Windows 7 Ultimate 64-bit)-- (OCZ 240GB as SSD PCIe drive for booting and storage disk)-- (DirextX version: DirectX 11)-- (VGA Card: 2 X EVGA GTX 690 Dual GPU. Each GPU is 2 GB, so total memory should be 8 GB.)-- (MotherBoard: ASUS Rampage IV Extreme)-- Others with lesser specifications get a 2500 score in heaven benchmark while I get 1501 as if it is one card.

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• Per-mailbox IMAP settings in Exchange 2003 apply successfully but revert to server default

  - by erictheavg

  The title says most of it. I have a Spiceworks mailbox that connects to our Exchange Server 2003 box via IMAP for receiving help desk issues. But for complicated reasons, I want it to receive those emails in text-only format. So, I discovered that you can just go to: Exchange System Manager Administrative Groups First Administrative Group First Storage Group Mailbox Store Mailboxes Right-click the mailbox, Configure Exchange Features Edit the properties for IMAP Set that mailbox to only receive message bodies as plain text. I click OK, then Next, it reports success, and I assume I'm done. But then when I go right back to where I was, I see that "Use protocol defaults" is still checked. Anyone have a clue why this would be? Some other details: I'm logged in as Administrator when I do this. I can't change this setting for the entire IMAP virtual server because some regular users use it. I only have one IP address to play with, which means I can't create another IMAP virtual server. Any suggestions or ideas are greatly appreciated!

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• Write once, read many (WORM) using Linux file system

  - by phil_ayres

  I have a requirement to write files to a Linux file system that can not be subsequently overwritten, appended to, updated in any way, or deleted. Not by a sudo-er, root, or anybody. I am attempting to meet the requirements of the financial services regulations for recordkeeping, FINRA 17A-4, which basically requires that electronic documents are written to WORM (write once, read many) devices. I would very much like to avoid having to use DVDs or expensive EMC Centera devices. Is there a Linux file system, or can SELinux support the requirement for files to be made complete immutable immediately (or at least soon) after write? Or is anybody aware of a way I could enforce this on an existing file system using Linux permissions, etc? I understand that I can set readonly permissions, and the immutable attribute. But of course I expect that a root user would be able to unset those. I considered storing data to small volumes that are unmounted and then remounted read-only, but then I think that root could still unmount and remount as writable again. I'm looking for any smart ideas, and worst case scenario I'm willing to do a little coding to 'enhance' an existing file system to provide this. Assuming there is a file system that is a good starting point. And put in place a carefully configured Linux server to act as this type of network storage device, doing nothing else. After all of that, encryption on the files would be useful too!

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• How to setup RAID 1 with Intel RST on an existing Windows 7 system?

  - by instcode

  I'd like to setup RAID-1 using Intel Rapid Storage Technology on my Windows 7 64-bit system. I have an 1TB SATA HDD with Windows 7 system installed on the first primary partition (leftmost, ~200GB). The rest of this HDD is unallocated (~800GB). I bought another 2TB SATA, then created a primary partition (leftmost, ~500GB) and filled my data in. The rest of this HDD is unallocated (~1.5TB). A quick disk layout (XXX is the unallocated region): HDD1 (1TB): [ 200GB C:\ SYSTEM | XXXXXXXXXXXX ] HDD2 (2TB): [ 500GB Z:\ PROGRAM | XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX ] Now, I want to create a 500GB RAID-1 partition (I'm not sure if using "partition" is correct here) on the rightmost of the 2 HDDs above without losing any existing data from both disks. Here is the expected layout: HDD1 (1TB): [ 200GB C:\ SYSTEM | XXXXXX | 500GB D:\ DATA - RAID-1 ] HDD2 (2TB): [ 500GB Z:\ PROGRAM | XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX | 500GB D:\ DATA RAID-1] Let's not concern about data lost, is it possible to have that final layout using Intel RST? Previously, I tried this layout using dynamic disk & software RAID from Windows and it worked as expected, however, it's quite ugly in resynching after an OS failure that I don't want. If yes, is there a way to keep the data on existing partitions untouched or, at least, it should keep the SYSTEM partition safe (I'm okay if the PROGRAM partition has to be gone.)? Well, are there any strict/special steps I should follow when using the Intel RST manager in order to achieve that? If none of those questions above are "Yes", could you please suggest some other possible layouts that leave the C:SYSTEM partition untouched?

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• Low-traffic WordPress website on Apache keeps crashing server

  - by OC2PS

  I have recently moved my low-moderate traffic (1000 UAUs, 5000 pageviews on a busy day) website from shared hosting to a Centos 6 64-bit VPS with Apache and cPanel running on 4 quad-core processor (likely oversold) and 3GB memory (Xen). We've had problems from the beginning. The server keeps crashing. It seems PHP keeps expanding till it consumes all the memory and crashes the server. Some folks have suggested that I should abandon Apache/cPanel/PHP/mySQL and go with nginX/Varnish/PHP-FPM/SQLite. But that's just not possible for me as I am not very tech savvy and need a simple GUI like cPanel to be able to manage the mundane management tasks (can't afford to hire system administrator or get fully managed hosting). I have come across several posts discussing optimization of Apache for WordPress. But all of these lead to articles that are pretty dated such as this ~4 year old one from Jan 2009 - http://thethemefoundry.com/blog/optimize-apache-wordpress/ The article is pretty detailed and seems helpful, but I stumble even on the first step. My httpd.conf only has 2 loadmodule commands LoadModule fastinclude_module modules/mod_fastinclude.so LoadModule bwlimited_module modules/mod_bwlimited.so So I go total bust right there. Further, my httpd.conf says Direct modifications to the Apache configuration file may be lost upon subsequent regeneration of the configuration file. To have modifications retained, all modifications must be checked into the configuration system by running: /usr/local/cpanel/bin/apache_conf_distiller I am having trouble finding where to change the modules in WHM. Please can someone help me with updated guidelines on how to optimize Apache for WordPress? Many thanks! P.S. The WordPress installation also has WP Super Cache installed. P.P.S. I also have phpBB, OpenCart, and Menalto Gallery installed.

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• In APC+PHP, how much RAM is too much? Is it okay to set apc.shm_size to many GB?

  - by Jeremy Clarke

  On our server we have a LOT of RAM for our traffic levels (16GB). The HTTP processes regularly eat up all CPU and need to be restarted without even getting close to using swap memory, so I'm looking for ways to spend RAM to ease the load on Apache (and/or help the seperate MySQL server which may be breaking Apache). I have many WordPress installs on the HTTPD instance so APC sometimes uses as much as 900MB of ram (according to the apc.php charts). Just in case I have apc.shm_size set to 1600MB which is more than it needs but not more than I can spare. This means there is usually lots of extra RAM available to APC but also very little turnover and fragmentation is never more than 1%. Is this dangerous? Should I be slimming down APC to less than 1GB just on principle? Should I be expecting some turnover within APC in the name of bringing it's overall footprint down? Having so much memory devoted to APC means that in top/htop every single httpd process shows ~1.9GB in the VIRT memory column. Obviously this is shared memory and not used per-process, but could it be hurting our server? NOTE: The problem with the server remains unclear but the effect is that about 60 times a day all 8 CPU's fill up to 100% and everything stops working until Monit sees that Apache is broken and restarts it (Monin also saves the MySQL server). I'm not sure if APC is even part of the problem but I'm trying to optimize everything just in case.

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• Disable internal display on Macbook Pro without closed lid mode?

  - by jslaker

  I have an early 2007 Macbook Pro running 10.5 that I've recently set up on a KVM with my primary desktop system. The problem I've run into is that I have a 20" 1680x1050 LCD, and OS X only provides options to mirror at the resolution of the built-in display or to span. Since the built-in display runs at 1440x900, this leads to running my LCD at non-native res and a fuzzy picture. There isn't any option that I can find to simply disable the built-in display entirely and run the external LCD at its native resolution. I am aware of closed lid mode, but the MBP was disassembled while in storage for about 6 months (took it apart to pull the HDD) and the cable to the touchpad, which controls the sleep sensor was damaged, meaning closed lid mode won't work. I've looked into replacing the cable, but the cheapest I've been able to find it is $75-100, and I'm trying not to invest any more money into this computer as it also has a completely dead battery and a few other minor problems. I've found the app SwitchResX which appears to allow you to do what I need, but it has a lot of functionality I don't need and a ~$20 registration charge attached to it. An odd set of circumstances, I'm aware, but I was hoping somebody might know of an OS hack that would let me just disable the internal display and be done with it. :)

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• PHP on several servers with session-sharing

  - by Etu

  there's certanly other threads about this, but I have one more question. We are about to scale the website at work to have more than one server. And we need to share the sessions between the servers. We have been looking into different solutions, one in memcached and use Memcached as sessionhandler in PHP. That will probably work. And the idea would be to run memcached on every machine and let all webservers access all other servers memcached servers, and then we have shared sessions between the machines, yay. (we have no resources to setup with sticky-sessions yet, that's a later project. we need this running, and we need this running now. and we will loadbalance with DNS for a starter) But then... If I want to take one server down, say, for maintenance, or a server crashes, or whatever reason. I don't want the users to just loose their sessions and have to start from the beginning... That's why we need some kind of replication, which Memcached does not support. Then I found http://repcached.lab.klab.org/ -- which has multi-master replication of memcached, which is great, and is what I want. But does it work with 2 machines? Say 3, 5, 10? For future scaling. I also looked into redishttp://redis.io/ -- which also seems great, but is a bit more "shaky" with the php-session-handler support, and no multi-master-replication. The thing is that I like to use memcached, but I want to be able to power down one of two boxes without loosing half of the sessions. Any suggestions?

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• SSD as primary or secondary drive on a small Linux server?

  - by Alex Martelli

  I'm pensioning off my 10-years-old home server and replacing it with an Ubuntu 10.04 box. The two storage devices are a Western Digital Caviar Green 2.0TB HD and an Intel X25-M 34nm Gen 2 80GB SATA II 2.5inch SSD (the box has 8GB RAM and an i5 750, if it matters). I don't care much about boot times (since I don't plan to reboot all that often;-); the main frequent, performance-demanding task will be (re)building large open source C or C++ software packages from sources (as an open source contributor, I do that often). So, I thought I'd keep the SSD as the secondary drive and the HD as the primary one, using the SSD mostly for the files that can otherwise demand a lot of seeking (esp. in a parallel make). However, the friendly vendor (perhaps more experienced in Windows systems than in Linux ones) thinks the "normal" way to configure the machine would be with the SSD as the primary drive. I'm pretty rusty on configuring and tuning systems, so, I thought I'd better double check on SuperUser... thanks in advance for advice about this choice!

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• Print from Linux to Windows networked printer

  - by wonkothenoob

  I want to print from a Debian (Lenny) workstation to a Windows networked printer. I'm not even sure what type of Windows network this is. Our tech-support is friendly but doesn't want to get involved with supporting Linux. I need to use it for a variety of reasons and am completely stumped because I know nothing about Windows networking. They gave me URI smb://msprint.ourorg.edu as the "address" of the printer and further confirmed that the domain is "OURORG" and the share is "PHYS-PRI". I've installed CUPS and made sure that it's running as a daemon, I've clicked on the system-config-printer[1] icon, selected the printer as a Windows printer shared via SAMBA and entered the above URI. Attempting to print a testpage just sees it sit in the queue. I attempted to see if I could access the share using two other methods. Method 1. First I tried the "smbclient" from the CLI: $ smbclient -L //msprint.ourorg.edu -U user23 timeout connecting to 192.168.44.3:445 timeout connecting to 192.168.44.3:139 Connection to msprint.ourorg.edu failed (Error NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED) Method 2. I tried to use the GUI tool Smb4K. This shows me four other toplevel (I'm assuming they're domains?) groupings one of which is the one which our IT department supplied to me. Clicking them shows a bunch of other machines with (what I assume are NetBIOS names?) including my own. I see all sorts of other networked printers belonging to other departments but none within mine. Certainly not the PHYS-PRI one suggested to me by the IT folks. I realize that I'm probably using the wrong terminology for the windows network, but can anyone help me with this? What steps should I be taking in debugging this? Do I need to actually run my machine as a SAMBA server to authenticate to the printer or should I just be able to communicate using CUPS? It's a GUI to CUPS configuration http://cyberelk.net/tim/software/system-config-printer/

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• Fresh install CentOS 6.4 64b with directadmin slowly consumes all memory and crashes

  - by Coen Ponsen

  Dear server fault community, This is my first question on server fault, i'm new to server (mis)configuration so please forgive me for asking something stupid :) I'm running Directadmin on a CentOS 6.4 64b with 4GB memory and over 10000Gh virtual machine. I migrated my websites because my former vps couldn't keep up anymore. Only half of the websites from this 1GB machine were migrated jet. So the migration is still in progress and already my server crashes every day. The server performance up until that moment is perfect. The directadmin log files show nothing out of the ordinary. Yesterday only the mysql server crashed but it also crashed the entire machine before. The memory usage in DA seems to be normal: directadmin directadmin (pid 3923 22158 22159 22160 22161 22162 )8.75 MB dovecot dovecot (pid 3851 ) 47.8 MB exim exim (pid 1350 ) 1.29 MB httpd (pid 21525 21528 21529 21530 21531 21532 21546 21571 21742 21743 21744 )490.4 MB mysqld mysqld (pid 1299 ) 287.8 MB named named (pid 3807 ) 16.3 MB proftpd proftpd (pid 1481 ) 1.91 MB sshd sshd (pid 1173 21494 ) 5.16 MB Restarting services immediately frees up memory, but slowly over time the memory usage increases(about 24 hours to crash). The commands: # sync # echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches Will free al memory correct. I could just create a cronjob but it seems the wrong way around to me. I can't seem to pinpoint the cause. Any advices, references or tips are highly appreciated! Greetings, Coen edit: free -m : after drop_caches: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3830 735 3095 0 0 21 -/+ buffers/cache: 712 3117 Swap: 991 0 991 I'll post another one this evening.

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