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• Cracking WEP with Aircrack and Kismet

  - by Jenny

  Just a minor question, but I notice with aircrack when it lists networks, it does not list the encryption type of each network. Which seems fair enough, as you can use Kismet, however on my machine when I end kismet and the server, the monitor interface is not removed and I cannot remove it manually, which screws with aircrack. SO, is kismet needed to view encryption types of networks, and if so how do you use it peacefully in unison with aircrack?

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• changing user in ubuntu

  - by Rahul Mehta

  Hi , this is my ls -all, the zfapi folder have the root right , how can i change this to www-data. Also Please advise what is the first root and secont root is ? Thanks drwxr-xr-x 4 www-data www-data 4096 2011-01-06 18:21 cdnapi -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 678 2010-08-30 12:02 config.js drwxr-xr-x 4 www-data www-data 4096 2010-11-23 15:55 css drwxr-xr-x 7 www-data www-data 4096 2010-11-17 13:12 images -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 25064 2010-12-17 18:26 index.html -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 19830 2010-12-18 11:24 init.js drwxr-xr-x 2 www-data www-data 4096 2010-12-02 12:34 lib -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 18758 2010-12-06 18:00 styles.css -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 1081 2010-10-21 17:56 testbganim.html drwxr-xr-x 2 www-data www-data 4096 2010-12-17 11:15 yapi drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 2011-01-07 18:20 zfapi

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• Error accessing other groups files in apache

  - by Shashank Jain

  I am using Cloud9 IDE on my server, which creates files with default permission 640. As a result when I try to open those file via HTTP, apache shows permission denied error. When IDE is running as root user, files created belong to root:root. Also, when I see as what user is apache running, all its processes are shown to be running as root user. I cannot understand why still it cannot access files. I know if I add apache's user to group of file owner, it will work. But, I don't know which user to add. PS: I don't want to change permission of each file I create. I want less troubling solution.

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• How to repair Java in Ubuntu after trying to switch to Java 6 using update-java-alternatives

  - by Kau-Boy

  I tried to switch from Java 5 to Java 6 using the "update-java-alternatives" command like explained on this page: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Java But afterwards I get the following error when I tried to execute java: root@webserver:~# java Error occurred during initialization of VM Could not reserve enough space for object heap Could not create the Java virtual machine. I also tried to reinstall the java binaries using "apt-get" but I didn't succeed reinstalling it. I would like to post the "apt-get" errors, but unfortunately I don't know how to print out the error messages in English and not in German. My system is a Ubuntu 8.04 ROOT server.

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• "success=n" control syntax in pam.conf / pam.d/* files ...

  - by Jamie

  After sucessfully configuring Kerberos, this is what I've found in /etc/pam.d/common-auth file: auth [success=2 default=ignore] pam_unix.so nullok_secure auth [success=1 default=ignore] pam_winbind.so krb5_auth krb5_ccache_type=FILE cached_login try_first_pass auth requisite pam_deny.so auth required pam_permit.so Does the success=2 control value mean that if the pam_unix.so fails, the authentication skips to the auth requisite pam_deny.so line or to the last line?

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• How to have a shell script available everywhere I SSH to

  - by aib

  I have a shell script which I simply cannot do without: bar from Theiling Online I use SSH a lot and on a variety of *nix servers. However, I am not a system administrator and usually don't have the time or privileges to install it on every server I connect to. It is apparently a very portable sh script and has command line options to export itself as a shell function, which got me thinking: Could I use one of OpenSSH's subjectively obscure features to export it everywhere I go? My first thought was to assign the source to an environment variable like BAR = "cat -v" and then execute it on the other side as `$BAR`, but 1) I can't even get the cat example to to work locally, 2) I don't know how to put the script's actual multiline source into an environment variable and 3) I have yet to see a machine with PermitUserEnvironment enabled. I guess I could even do with an ssh option to write a file called ~/bar at logon, but a more volatile solution would be better. Calling wget http://.../bar at logon would be unacceptable. Any ideas? P.S. Putty-specific solutions, though I doubt any would exist, are also fine.

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• Difference between ps output and top output?

  - by Soumya Prasad Ukil

  I find it difficult to understand the output produced by ps and top? This is the output by top: PID PSID USERNAME TID PRI NICE SIZE RES STATE TIME CPU COMMAND 26439 23712 soumyau 26439 15 0 7512M 5234M sleep 286:25 16.67% or_lse2 (18) 26523 23712 soumyau 26439 -2 0 7512M 5234M cpu9 143:10 8.33% or_lse2 26522 23712 soumyau 26439 -2 0 7512M 5234M cpu3 143:10 8.33% or_lse2 This is by ps (ps -L -p 26439 -o pcpu,psr,pid,user,tid): %CPU PSR PID USER TID 99.9 3 26439 soumyau 26522 99.9 9 26439 soumyau 26523 0.0 8 26439 soumyau 26439 Why are there differences in two result? Can you briefly explain the significance of the two CPU% ?

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• Removing partition to install OS?

  - by Shane

  So i have a computer that has 2 hard drives and i installed Ubuntu server on it. I used LVM to connect the two. So i tried to put windows back on it but it failed because it said it couldn't position the drive and then when i booted again the OS couldn't be found. So i booted it with the Ubuntu setup disc but now when it goes to partition it says that the position can not be modified because its already in use. I am asking if there is a way i can just remove everything and start fresh?

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• Can a 32-bit RHEL4 userland work with a 64-bit kernel?

  - by James

  Is there a way to change an i386 RHEL4 machine to run an amd64 kernel, but ensure that it still builds software into same i386 binaries? On Debian this seems quite straightforward: just install an amd64 kernel (worst case, build one like this guy: http://www.debian-administration.org/users/jonesy/weblog/1) and prefix everything with "linux32". Then everything that considers uname -m will be unchanged, I just need to handle the few cases that consider uname -r. What is the Red Hat equivalent? Is the only way a full 64-bit installation on another disk and then chrooting back to the 32-bit system before anyone builds anything? (Even the best examples of that seem to be Debian-based.) Background: We make a large system that runs on (a variant of) i386 RHEL4. However, some of the larger RHEL build machines now have enough RAM that they might benefit from going 64-bit (for the kernel and maybe some of the bigger build steps). Our build system doesn't support cross-compilation.

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• TC hashing filters - single rule deletion

  - by exa

  For traffic shaping I'm currently using a setup that looks exactly like the setup from LARTC, on this page: http://lartc.org/howto/lartc.adv-filter.hashing.html I have a simple problem with that - everytime I want to modify something in the hash table (like assign a IP to different flowid), I need to delete the whole filter table and add it again filter by filter. (I actually don't do it by hand, I have a nice program that does it for me... but still...) There is a problem - I got roughly 10k filters allocated this way and deleting and refilling the whole filtertable can get pretty lengthy, which is not exactly good for traffic shaping. My program could easily manage to delete only the rules that need to be deleted (thus reducing the whole problem to several commands and miliseconds), but I simply don't know the command that deletes only the one hashing rule. My tc filter show: filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 2: ht divisor 256 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 2:a:800 order 2048 key ht 2 bkt a flowid 1:101 match 0a0a0a0a/ffffffff at 16 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 2:c:800 order 2048 key ht 2 bkt c flowid 1:102 match 0a0a0a0c/ffffffff at 16 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 800: ht divisor 1 filter parent 1: protocol ip pref 1 u32 fh 800::800 order 2048 key ht 800 bkt 0 link 2: match 00000000/00000000 at 16 hash mask 000000ff at 16 The wish: 'tc filter del ...' command that removes only one specific filter (for example the 0a0a0a0a IP match (IP address 10.10.10.10)). Removal of some small subgroup would also be good - for example I could still recreate a bucket (bkt a) pretty fast. My attempts: I tried to number all the filters using prio, but with no help -- they just create something unusuable (but deletable) below, but the bucketed filters remain there after that gets deleted. Any ideas? edit - I'm adding a simplified tl;dr description of the problem: I created hash filter on some interfce just like in this http://lartc.org/howto/lartc.adv-filter.hashing.html I want to find a command that deletes one rule (e.g. 1.2.1.123) from the table, leaving the rest untouched and working.

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• Dovecot/Postfix-mysql e-mail Aliases are not correctly forwarded

  - by jo_fryli

  I recently set up Dovecot/postfix-mysql on my Debian Squeeze Server and I have a bit of a problem. When ever I send a email to an alias ([email protected] forwarded to [email protected] for example) Postfix (or Dovecot, I'm not quite sure) puts this email into a Mailbox rather than forwarding it to the real Mail-Adress. I have tested all the MySQL queries and they all behave the way I intend them to do. foobar dovecot: deliver([email protected]): msgid=<000001385b464c9a-e40af11e-3bf4-49f6-903d-1d2369f6bfb6-000000@barfoo: saved mail to INBOX master.cf main.cf Keep in mind that normal E-Mail sending and receiving works just fine! I have set up my MySQL Tables with Postfixadmin. Thanks for your help!

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• How can I setup a group writeable directory?

  - by meder

  $ whoami meder $ cd /var/www $ sudo mkdir html $ sudo groupadd web $ sudo usermod -a -G web meder $ sudo usermod -a -G web medertest $ sudo chown meder:web html $ sudo chmod -R g+rwx html The problem is, anytime I create a new file in /var/www/html even though the group is set to web, it is only writeable by the original user. I was given the advice of setting the umask to be 002 because the default is what causes the problems. But I would have to do this for all users in that group, and as far as I know it would be tedious having all of them modify ~/.bashrc to have umask 002. Even if I can do it myself with a shell command for all of those users, it still seems too tedious. Can anyone offer any advice on having a group writeable directory?

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• Unable to boot fedora 11

  - by csunwold

  I have been running fedora 11 for several months without a hiccup, but two days ago I ran "yum update" and installed whatever updates were available (I didn't pay attention to what they were). I was having problems with mysql so I tried "yum remove mysql" and then it removed mysql as well as quite a few unexpected dependencies. I then "yum install mysql" without a hitch and went about my way. However, when I next booted up my machine it got to "Starting preload dameon [OK]" and then it hangs with a flashing cursor on the screen. I tried following http://dailypackage.fedorabook.com/i...ling-Grub.html but it didn't seem to make any difference. I put a new hard drive with WinXP on it into the same machine that I booted to, and I tried to use Ext2 Installable File System for Windows but when I run it, it only seems to see /boot and nothing else on the hard drive. Any ideas?

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• Streaming audio/video in a publicly-hosted server increases bandwith usage

  - by Eka

  I have a website hosted in a public server (withoud any streaming content) ,using public hosting instead of private because its cheaper. But in public hosting their are limitations when compared to private hosting such as monthly bandwidth usage (1 GB), disk space, cpu usage etc. I am planning to embedd videos and audios (from other websites like youtube) to my already existing website. My question is if a client streams a embedded video/audio (hosted in another website) from my website any change in bandwidth occurs.

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• iptables -- OK, **now** am I doing it right?

  - by Agvorth

  This is a follow up to a previous question where I asked whether my iptables config is correct. CentOS 5.3 system. Intended result: block everything except ping, ssh, Apache, and SSL. Based on xenoterracide's advice and the other responses to the question (thanks guys), I created this script: # Establish a clean slate iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -F # Flush all rules iptables -X # Delete all chains # Disable routing. Drop packets if they reach the end of the chain. iptables -P FORWARD DROP # Drop all packets with a bad state iptables -A INPUT -m state --state INVALID -j DROP # Accept any packets that have something to do with ones we've sent on outbound iptables -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT # Accept any packets coming or going on localhost (this can be very important) iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT # Accept ICMP iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT # Allow ssh iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # Allow httpd iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT # Allow SSL iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT # Block all other traffic iptables -A INPUT -j DROP Now when I list the rules I get... # iptables -L -v Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 DROP all -- any any anywhere anywhere state INVALID 9 612 ACCEPT all -- any any anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 0 ACCEPT all -- lo any anywhere anywhere 0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- any any anywhere anywhere 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- any any anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- any any anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:http 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- any any anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:https 0 0 DROP all -- any any anywhere anywhere Chain FORWARD (policy DROP 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 5 packets, 644 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination I ran it and I can still log in, so that's good. Anyone notice anything major out of wack?

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• Ubuntu Determine HD RPM

  - by Webnet

  How do I determine the RPM speed of the hard drive on my server? I've tried hdparm -i /dev/sda and sginfo -g /dev/sdd, neither of which work.

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• Should I quit using Ifconfig?

  - by Zhen

  With the servers that mount Infiniband cards, when I use the ifconfig command I have the warning: Ifconfig uses the ioctl access method to get the full address information, which limits hardware addresses to 8 bytes. Because Infiniband address has 20 bytes, only the first 8 bytes are displayed correctly. Ifconfig is obsolete! For replacement check ip. Should I quit using ifconfig? It is deprecated in favor of ip command? Or it will be update in the near future.

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• subversion: enforce TLS

  - by Daniel Marschall

  Hello, I am running subversion on a Debian Squeeze system with Apache2 and mod_dav for viewing the contents with a webbrowser. I want to enforce the usage of TLS, so that the login data and the SVN contents cannot be read from the connection. I have tried following: <Location /svn> DAV svn SVNParentPath /daten/subversion/ # our access control policy AuthzSVNAccessFile /daten/subversion/access_control # try anonymous access first, resort to real # authentication if necessary. Satisfy Any Require valid-user # how to authenticate a user AuthType Basic AuthName "Subversion repository" AuthUserFile /daten/subversion/.htpasswd # Test SSLRequireSSL RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} !443 RewriteRule ^svn/(.)$ https://www.viathinksoft.de/svn/$1 [R,L] </Location> at file /etc/apache2/conf.d/subversion.conf Alas, this does not work. There is no redirect and there is still a HTTP request working at /svn/(projectname)/(somefolder) . This SSL-enforce-policy should work for - viewing the contents with webbrowser - retrieve contents with TurtoiseSVN client - committing contents with TurtoiseSVN client Can you please help me? Regards Daniel Marschall

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• php startup error Invalid library (maybe not a PHP library) 'pcntl.so'

  - by And-y

  After searching for hours to solve my problem and found nothing helpful I ask my first question here. I want to compile and install php 5.3.17 cli with pcntl extension enabled on a Debian server. The installation was successfull but when I start php cli, the following error is displayed: PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Invalid library (maybe not a PHP library) 'pcntl.so' in Unknown\ on line 0 The following configure is used: './configure' '--prefix=/usr/share' '--datadir=/usr/share/php' '--bindir=/usr/bin' '--libdir=/usr/share' '--includedir=/usr/include' '--with-config-file-path=/etc/php5/cli' '--disable-cgi' '--enable-bcmath' '-- enable-inline-optimization' '--enable-mbstring' '--enable-mbregex' '--enable-pcntl' '--enable-sigchild' '--enable-shmop' '--enable-sysvmsg' '--enable-sysvsem' '--enable-sysvshm' '--with-mysql' '--with-imap' '--with-imap-ssl' '--with-kerberos' In the php.ini following options are set: extension_dir=/usr/lib/php5/20090626/ extension=pcntl.so I hope someone can help me.

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• How can I merge the gnome clipboard and the X selection?

  - by TREE

  I'm constantly frustrated by the two separate clipboards in X/Gnome. I'm constantly doing things like control-C to copy, and then middle-click to paste, and getting the wrong data. Or select something, then go where I want to paste it, and selecting what I want to paste over, only to lose my first selection! Is there any way to merge these two clipboards?

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• Encrypt EC2 API call

  - by Frank

  I have to host an AMI in the Amazon Marketplace. i need to get the type of instance, whenever some user launches the AMI., like if its small medium or large. based on that i need to make some changes in the AMI when its created. I can do this with Amazon API call, to get the instance type, but the problem is that the instances created with the AMI will be started by other users, and i cannot use my AWS Credentials in the Amazon API. Is there any way that i can create an anonymous readonly user to make only specific type of EC2 API Calls? Or can i encrypt my EC2 API credentials, so no one can use it?

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• La préversion du pilote ODBC SQL Server pour Linux disponible, avec des outils pour SQLCMD et pour importer et exporter des données

  La préversion du pilote ODBC SQL Server pour Linux disponible avec des outils pour importer, exporter des données et exécuter des requêtes et scripts Comme l'avait annoncé Microsoft lors de son salon Pass Summit 2011, la préversion (CTP1) de son pilote ODBC (Open Database Connectity) SQL Server pour les systèmes d'exploitation Linux est disponible. Ce driver devrait permettre aux développeurs C et C++ de se connecter à SQL Server à partir des plateformes Linux et fournir un mécanisme pour que les applications et bibliothèques d'exécution (runtimes) puissent accéder à SQL Server. Pour l'instant, cett...

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• HALEVT troubleshooting: VFAT usb storage device gets mounted with root:root user:group

  - by Nova deViator

  Hi, i'm banging my head for number of days around this problem. using Halevt for automounting, everything mostly works, but the only thing is that Halevt mounts external USB storage devices as root. So, as user i cannot write to files on them. Halevt gets run as halevt user on boot through /etc/init.d script. This is Ubuntu Lucid with Awesome WM. No GDM. Running halevt as user seem to not work (halevt runs but doesn't respond on Insert) I know HAL is deprecated and removed and i should probably write my own UDEV rules, but until then it seems there must a be simple hack that enables mounting VFAT/NTFS devices with specific uid/gid. this question/answer helps a lot, but not specifically to the above.

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• How can I remove all the files which has a string in a file

  - by michael

  Hi, I am trying to remove all the files in a directory hierarchy which a certain string inside the file (not the file name, it is the file content). I can list out all the file name which has a string in the file using 'grep -r -l mystringlooking for'. But how can I remove all the files returned by the grep ? I am trying this on ubuntu. Thank you.

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• How to mount remote samba share from local host with multiple groups?

  - by Dragos

  I am using mount.cifs to mount a remote samba share (both client and server are Ubuntu server 8.04) like this: mount.cifs //sambaserver/samba /mountpath -o credentials=/path/.credentials,uid=someuser,gid=1000 $ cat .credentials username=user password=password I mounted a user from local system with username and password with mount.cifs but the problem is that the user is part of multiple groups on the remote system and with mount.cifs I can only specify one gid. Is there a way to specify all the gids that the remote user has? Is there a way to: Mount the remote samba with multiple groups on the local system? Browse the mount from 1) with the terminal since I want to pass some files from samba as arguments to local programs. Other solutions would be: nautilus sftp:// which runs through gvfs; but the newer gnome does not write to disk the ~/.gvfs anymore so I can't browse it in terminal. And the last solution would be NFS but that means that I have to synchronize the uids and gids on the local system with the ones from the server.

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