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  • Bash script not working on a new dedicated server

    - by Scott
    Recently I have migrated to the new dedicated server which is running on the same operating system - FreeBSD 8.2. I got a root account access and all permissions have been set properly. My problem is that, the bash script I was running on the old server doesn't works on the new machine, the only error appearing while running the script is: # sh script.sh script.sh: 3: Syntax error: word unexpected (expecting ")") Here is the code itself: #!/usr/local/bin/bash PORTS=(7777:GAME 11000:AUTH 12000:DB) MESSG="" for i in ${PORTS[@]} ; do PORT=${i%%:*} DESC=${i##*:} CHECK=`sockstat -4 -l | grep :$PORT | awk '{print $3}' | head -1` if [ "$CHECK" -gt 1 ]; then echo $DESC[$PORT] "is up ..." $CHECK else MESSG=$MESSG"$DESC[$PORT] wylaczony...\n" if [ "$DESC" == "AUTH" ]; then MESSG=$MESSG"AUTH is down...\n" fi if [ "$DESC" == "GAME" ]; then MESSG=$MESSG"GAME is down...\n" fi if [ "$DESC" == "DB" ]; then MESSG=$MESSG"DB is down...\n" fi fi done if [ -n "$MESSG" ]; then echo -e "Some problems ocurred:\n\n"$MESSG | mail -s "Problems" [email protected] fi I don't really code in bash, so I don't know why this happend...

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  • C++ AI Design Question

    - by disney
    Hi, I am currently writing a bot for a MMORPG. Though, currently I am stuck at trying to figure out how to nicely implement this. The design problem is related to casting the character spells in the correct order. Here is a simple example to what I need to archieve. It's not related to casting them, but doing it in the correct order. I would know how simply cast them randomly, by checking which skill has not yet been casted, but in right order as being shown in the GUI, not really. note: the skill amount may differ, it's not always 3, maximum 10 though. Charactername < foobar has 3 skills. Skill 1: Name ( random1 ) cooldown ( 1000 ms ) cast duration ( 500 ms ) Skill 2: Name ( random2 ) cooldown ( 1500 ms ) cast duration ( 700 ms ) Skill 3: Name ( random3 ) cooldown ( 2000 ms ) cast duration ( 900 ms ) I don't really know how I could implement this, if anyone has some thoughts, feel free to share. I do know that most of the people don't like the idea of cheating in games, I don't like it either, nor I am actually playing the game, but its an interesting field for me. Thank you.

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  • MySQL PHP | "SELECT FROM table" using "alphanumeric"-UUID. Speed vs. Indexed Integer / Indexed Char

    - by dropson
    At the moment, I select rows from 'table01' using: SELECT * FROM table01 WHERE UUID = 'whatever'; The UUID column is a unique index. I know this isn't the fastest way to select data from the database, but the UUID is the only row-identifier that is available to the front-end. Since I have to select by UUID, and not ID, I need to know what of these two options I should go for, if say the table consists of 100'000 rows. What speed differences would I look at, and would the index for the UUID grow to large, and lag the DB? Get the ID before doing the "big" select 1. $id = "SELECT ID FROM table01 WHERE UUID = '{alphanumeric character}'"; 2. $rows = SELECT * FROM table01 WHERE ID = $id; Or keep it the way it is now, using the UUID. 1. SELECT FROM table01 WHERE UUID '{alphanumeric character}'; Side note: All new rows are created by checking if the system generated uniqueid exists before trying to insert a new row. Keeping the column always unique. The "example" table. CREATE TABLE Table01 ( ID int NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, UUID char(15), name varchar(100), url varchar(255), `date` datetime ) ENGINE = InnoDB; CREATE UNIQUE INDEX UUID ON Table01 (UUID);

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  • Stuck in a loop

    - by Luke
    while (true) { //read in the file StreamReader convert = new StreamReader("../../convert.txt"); //define variables string line = convert.ReadLine(); double conversion; int numberIn; double conversionFactor; //ask for the conversion information Console.WriteLine("Enter the conversion in the form (Amount, Convert from, Convert to)"); String inputMeasurement = Console.ReadLine(); string[] inputMeasurementArray = inputMeasurement.Split(','); //loop through the lines looking for a match while (line != null) { string[] fileMeasurementArray = line.Split(','); if (fileMeasurementArray[0] == inputMeasurementArray[1]) { if (fileMeasurementArray[1] == inputMeasurementArray[2]) { Console.WriteLine("The conversion factor for {0} to {1} is {2}", inputMeasurementArray[1], inputMeasurementArray[2], fileMeasurementArray[2]); //convert to int numberIn = Convert.ToInt32(inputMeasurementArray[0]); conversionFactor = Convert.ToDouble(fileMeasurementArray[2]); conversion = (numberIn * conversionFactor); Console.WriteLine("{0} {1} is {2} {3} \n", inputMeasurementArray[0], inputMeasurementArray[1], conversion, inputMeasurementArray[2]); break; } } else { Console.WriteLine("Please enter two valid conversion types \n"); break; } line = convert.ReadLine(); } } The file consists of the following: ounce,gram,28.0 pound,ounce,16.0 pound,kilogram,0.454 pint,litre,0.568 inch,centimetre,2.5 mile,inch,63360.0 The user will input something like 6,ounce,gram The idea is that it finds the correct line by checking if the first and second words in the file are the same as the second and third the user enters. The problem is that if it checks the first line and it fails the if statement, if goes through to the else statement and stops. I am trying to find a way where it will stop after the it finds the correct line but not until. If someone types in a value that isn't in the file, then it should show an error.

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  • "end()" iterator for back inserters?

    - by Thanatos
    For iterators such as those returned from std::back_inserter(), is there something that can be used as an "end" iterator? This seems a little nonsensical at first, but I have an API which is: template<typename InputIterator, typename OutputIterator> void foo( InputIterator input_begin, InputIterator input_end, OutputIterator output_begin, OutputIterator output_end ); foo performs some operation on the input sequence, generating an output sequence. (Who's length is known to foo but may or may not be equal to the input sequence's length.) The taking of the output_end parameter is the odd part: std::copy doesn't do this, for example, and assumes you're not going to pass it garbage. foo does it to provide range checking: if you pass a range too small, it throws an exception, in the name of defensive programming. (Instead of potentially overwriting random bits in memory.) Now, say I want to pass foo a back inserter, specifically one from a std::vector which has no limit outside of memory constraints. I still need a "end" iterator - in this case, something that will never compare equal. (Or, if I had a std::vector but with a restriction on length, perhaps it might sometimes compare equal?) How do I go about doing this? I do have the ability to change foo's API - is it better to not check the range, and instead provide an alternate means to get the required output range? (Which would be needed anyways for raw arrays, but not required for back inserters into a vector.) This would seem less robust, but I'm struggling to make the "robust" (above) work.

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  • check array against each other, to determine response

    - by Johnny
    So, I have an array that has 6 variables in it that I need to check against each other.. to determine what to return to the script calling the function.. All fields are of the datetime type from the database they are derived from. the fields: in1 out1 in2 out2 in3 out3 Array: Array( 'in1' => '2012-04-02 10:00:00), `out1` => '2012-04-02 14:00:00`, `in2` => '2012-04-02 14:30:00`, `out2` => '2012-04-02 18:00:00`, `in3` => NULL, `out3` => NULL ) the response: clocked_in or clocked_out What I need to figure out is, the best way to determine if the user is clocked in or clocked out by checking against this array.. so, if in1, out1 and in2 are not NULL then the user would be clocked in.. if in1 is not NULL but out1 is NULL then the user would be clocked out, etc.. Anyone have any ideas on the easiest way to achieve this without too many if statements? [WHAT WORKED] for ($i=1; $i <= 3; $i++) { if ($entities["in$i"] != NULL) { $ents = "clocked_in"; if ($entities["out$i"] != NULL) { $ents = "clocked_out"; } if ($entities["out3"] != NULL) { $ents = "day_done"; } } }

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  • [VB.Net] TreeView update bug in the .net framework

    - by CFP
    Consider the following code: Dim Working As Boolean = False Private Sub TreeView1_AfterCheck(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Windows.Forms.TreeViewEventArgs) Handles TreeView1.AfterCheck If Working Then Exit Sub Working = True e.Node.Checked = Not e.Node.Checked Working = False End Sub Private Sub TreeView1_MouseClick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs) Handles TreeView1.MouseClick If e.Button = Windows.Forms.MouseButtons.Right Then MsgBox("Checked = " & TreeView1.SelectedNode.Checked) End Sub Where TreeView1 is a TreeView added to the form, with CheckBoxes set to true and one node added. The code basically cancel any node checking occuring on the form. Single-clicking the top node to check it works well : your click is immediately canceled. Yet if you double-click the checkbox, it will display a tick. But verifying the check state through a right click will yield a Checked = False dialog. How come? Is it a bug (I'm using the latest .Net Framework 4.0, and he same occurs in 2.0), or am I doing something wrong here? Is there a work around? Thanks! EDIT: Additionally, the MouseDoubleClick event is not raised before you click once again.

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  • What prevents a user from adding controls to an ASP.NET page client side?

    - by Curtis White
    This goes back to my other question which I thought was sufficiently answers but upon reflect am not sure that it was (sorry). Backgrounder: I am generating a form dynamically. I am pulling from the database the controls. I must associate each control with a database ID which is not the user's session id. I do this currently by storing my ID in the ID for the web control with some other stuff to make it unique/clear what I am doing. On the post back, I iterate through all the controls on my web page checking for my special identifier, ie, MyGeneratedTextBox_ID_Unique. This process enables for 2 important steps, identifying the control was one I generated and also getting the ID for this input field. And, all of this works but I'm still concerned about the security of it. I do not see a security issue with showing the actual database ID's in this case, although agree it is not desirable. However, I am concerned of the following possibilities: If a user could add a nefarious control to my collection and use that for a SQL injection attack. More academic, but if a user could somehow store data for fields they do not have access too by changing the id's. I agree this is a "hack" of a way to do it. But my question is, is it a security risk and is there an 'easy' way to do it in a less hack way? I assume that only the controls that are created/instantiated on the page are added to the controls list.. thus all controls must be created server side and thus the security issue is address but just wanted to validate. Thanks again. PS: I could see adding a property for each control and encrypting the viewstate would be a little more secure.

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  • Is there a better way to keep track of session variable creation/access throughout different pages?

    - by Brandon
    Here's what I am working on. At my website I have multiple processes with each one containing multiple steps. Now in one of the processes, there is an error checking routine executed before proceeding to the next step of that process. A session var is set indicating the error status and it will either redirect back to the referrer or display the next page's contents. Now this kind of functionality, I believe, is common throughout web development. The issue that is occurring is that session vars are left around and are not being cleaned up properly. At times this introduces undesired behavior. My website is growing and I find that I am requiring more and more session vars to keep track of different system and error states. So I was thinking about creating a kind of "session variable keeper" to keep track of session var usage. The idea is fairly simple. It will have the notion of a context (e.g. registration process) and allow access to a predefined set of session vars within that context. In addition, the var and context will be paired with an action to proceed to some form of event handling. So if you haven't noticed I'm new to web development. Any thoughts or comments on the idea that I am proposing would be greatly appreciated. The back-end is written in PHP/MySQL.

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  • Efficient mapping of game entity positions in Java

    - by byte
    In Java (Swing), say I've got a 2D game where I have various types of entities on the screen, such as a player, bad guys, powerups, etc. When the player moves across the screen, in order to do efficient checking of what is in the immediate vicinity of the player, I would think I'd want indexed access to the things that are near the character based on their position. For example, if player 'P' steps onto element 'E' in the following example... | | | | | | | | | |P| | | | |E| | | | | | | | | ... would be to do something like: if(player.getPosition().x == entity.getPosition().x && entity.getPosition.y == thing.getPosition().y) { //do something } And thats fine, but that implies that the entities hold their positions, and therefor if I had MANY entities on the screen I would have to loop through all possible entities available and check each ones position against the player position. This seems really inefficient especially if you start getting tons of entities. So, I would suspect I'd want some sort of map like Map<Point, Entity> map = new HashMap<Point, Entity>(); And store my point information there, so that I could access these entities in constant time. The only problem with that approach is that, if I want to move an entity to a different point on the screen, I'd have to search through the values of the HashMap for the entity I want to move (inefficient since I dont know its Point position ahead of time), and then once I've found it remove it from the HashMap, and re-insert it with the new position information. Any suggestions or advice on what sort of data structure / storage format I ought to be using here in order to have efficient access to Entities based on their position, as well as Position's based on the Entity?

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  • jQuery code not executing when DOM is ready

    - by Ben
    I have written a simple jQuery script that changes the hash tag of a link. I do this because I am using IntenseDebate comments in Wordpress but the comment link still links replaced id of the old comments. I'm using jQuery so that if javascript is enabled, the user can click on the comments link and it will take them to the IntenseDebate comments. If its not enabled it will take them to the traditional comments (because IntenseDebate requires javascript to function). The issue I'm having lies in this script to change the hash tag at the end of the link. Currently the URL "someurl.com/#respond" but I need the script to change it to "someurl.com/#comments". What is happening is that the script doesn't work, however I believe my syntax is correct so I decided to try copying and pasting the code into Firebug's console and the code executed perfectly. I could see that the link I was trying to change was now correct, and I could click on it and it worked as I desired. So what I don't understand is why the code is not executing when it is supposed to. I am using $(document).ready() and I have other jQuery on the page that executes just fine. I even tested it on a simple HTML page away from all the problems that might be caused by Wordpress and I received the same result. Does anyone know why this might be happening? Here is my code (I am using noConflict because Wordpress makes use of other frameworks): jQuery.noConflict(); jQuery(document).ready(function($) { $("a[href$='respond']").each(function() { this.href = this.href.replace("respond", "comments"); }); })(jQuery); Thanks very much for your help!

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  • Question about array subscripting in C#

    - by Michael J
    Back in the old days of C, one could use array subscripting to address storage in very useful ways. For example, one could declare an array as such. This array represents an EEPROM image with 8 bit words. BYTE eepromImage[1024] = { ... }; And later refer to that array as if it were really multi-dimensional storage BYTE mpuImage[2][512] = eepromImage; I'm sure I have the syntax wrong, but I hope you get the idea. Anyway, this projected a two dimension image of what is really single dimensional storage. The two dimensional projection represents the EEPROM image when loaded into the memory of an MPU with 16 bit words. In C one could reference the storage multi-dimensionaly and change values and the changed values would show up in the real (single dimension) storage almost as if by magic. Is it possible to do this same thing using C#? Our current solution uses multiple arrays and event handlers to keep things synchronized. This kind of works but it is additional complexity that we would like to avoid if there is a better way.

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  • How to configure multiple mappings using FluentHibernate?

    - by chris.baglieri
    First time rocking it with NHibernate/Fluent so apologies in advance if this is a naive question. I have a set of Models I want to map. When I create my session factory I'm trying to do all mappings at once. I am not using auto-mapping (though I may if what I am trying to do ends up being more painful than it ought to be). The problem I am running into is that it seems only the top map is taking. Given the code snippet below and running a unit test that attempts to save 'bar', it fails and checking the logs I see NHibernate is trying to save a bar entity to the foo table. While I suspect it's my mappings it could be something else that I am simply overlooking. Code that creates the session factory (note I've also tried separate calls into .Mappings): Fluently.Configure().Database(MsSqlConfiguration.MsSql2008 .ConnectionString(c => c .Server(@"localhost\SQLEXPRESS") .Database("foo") .Username("foo") .Password("foo"))) .Mappings(m => { m.FluentMappings.AddFromAssemblyOf<FooMap>() .Conventions.Add(FluentNHibernate.Conventions.Helpers .Table.Is(x => "foos")); m.FluentMappings.AddFromAssemblyOf<BarMap>() .Conventions.Add(FluentNHibernate.Conventions.Helpers .Table.Is(x => "bars")); }) .BuildSessionFactory(); Unit test snippet: using (var session = Data.SessionHelper.SessionFactory.OpenSession()) { var bar = new Bar(); session.Save(bar); Assert.NotNull(bar.Id); }

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  • How to add additional condition to the JOIN generated by include?

    - by KandadaBoggu
    I want to add additional criteria to the LEFT OUTER JOIN generated by the :include option in ActiveRecord finder. class Post has_many :comments end class Comment belongs_to :post has_many :comment_votes end class CommentVote belongs_to :comment end Now lets say I want to find last 10 posts with their associated comments and the up comment votes. Post.find.all(:limit => 10, :order => "created_at DESC", :include => [{:comments => :comment_votes]) I cant add the condition to check for up votes as it will ignore the posts without the up votes. So the condition has to go the ON clause of the JOIN generated for the comment_votes. I am wishing for a syntax such as: Post.find.all(:limit => 10, :order => "created_at DESC", :include => [{:comments => [:comment_votes, :on => "comment_votes.vote > 0"]) Have you faced such problems before? Did you managed to solve the problem using the current finder? I hope to hear some interesting ideas from the community. PS: I can write a join SQL to get the expected result and stitch the results together. I want to make sure there is no other alternative before going down that path.

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  • Haskell: Dealing With Types And Exceptions

    - by Douglas Brunner
    I'd like to know the "Haskell way" to catch and handle exceptions. As shown below, I understand the basic syntax, but I'm not sure how to deal with the type system in this situation. The below code attempts to return the value of the requested environment variable. Obviously if that variable isn't there I want to catch the exception and return Nothing. getEnvVar x = do { var <- getEnv x; Just var; } `catch` \ex -> do { Nothing } Here is the error: Couldn't match expected type `IO a' against inferred type `Maybe String' In the expression: Just var In the first argument of `catch', namely `do { var <- getEnv x; Just var }' In the expression: do { var <- getEnv x; Just var } `catch` \ ex -> do { Nothing } I could return string values: getRequestURI x = do { requestURI <- getEnv x; return requestURI; } `catch` \ex -> do { return "" } however, this doesn't feel like the Haskell way. What is the Haskell way?

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  • Using placeholders/variables in a sed command

    - by jesse_galley
    I want to store a specific part of a matched result as a variable to be used for replacement later. I would like to keep this in a one liner instead of finding the variable I need before hand. when configuring apache, and use mod_rewrite, you can specificy specific parts of patterns to be used as variables,like this: RewriteRule ^www.example.com/page/(.*)$ http://www.example.com/page.php?page=$1 [R=301,L] the part of the pattern match that's contained inside the parenthesis is stored as $1 for use later. So if the url was www.example.com/page/home, it would be replaced with www.example.com/page.php?page=home. So the "home" part of the match was saved in $1 because it was the part of the pattern inside the parenthesis. I want something like this functionality with a sed command, I need to automatically replace many strings in a SQL dump file, to add drop table if exist commands before each create table, but I need to know the table name to do this, so if the dump file contains something like: ... CREATE TABLE `orders` ... I need to run something like: cat dump.sql | sed "s/CREATE TABLE `(.*)`/DROP TABLE IF EXISTS $1\N CREATE TABLE `$1`/g" to get the result of: ... DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `orders` CREATE TABLE `orders` ... I'm using the mod_rewrite syntax in the sed command as a logical example of what I'm trying to do. Any suggestions?

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  • ActionListener isn't Implementing

    - by Nick Gibson
    JFrameWithPanel is not abstract and does not override abstract method actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent) in java.awt.event.ActionListener public class JFrameWithPanel extends JFrame implements ActionListener I Don't get this code. Book and Java site tells me this is the syntax for the method, but again this error shows up constantly. import javax.swing.*; import javax.swing.JOptionPane; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import java.lang.Math.*; import java.lang.Integer.*; import java.util.*; import java.util.Random; import java.io.*; import java.text.*; import java.text.DecimalFormat.*; public class JFrameWithPanel extends JFrame implements ActionListener { JButton button = new JButton("Exit"); public JFrameWithPanel() { super("JFrame with Panel"); JComboBox packageChoice = new JComboBox(); packageChoice.addItem("A+ Certification"); packageChoice.addItem("Network+ Certification "); packageChoice.addItem("Security+ Certifictation"); packageChoice.addItem("CIT Full Test Package"); packageChoice.addActionListener(this); setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); JPanel pane = new JPanel(); pane.add(button); pane.add(packageChoice); setContentPane(pane); setSize(200,100); setVisible(true); } } then later public class CreateJFrameWithPanel { public static void main(String[] args) { JFrameWithPanel panel = new JFrameWithPanel(); } }

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  • java: assigning object reference IDs for custom serialization

    - by Jason S
    For various reasons I have a custom serialization where I am dumping some fairly simple objects to a data file. There are maybe 5-10 classes, and the object graphs that result are acyclic and pretty simple (each serialized object has 1 or 2 references to another that are serialized). For example: class Foo { final private long id; public Foo(long id, /* other stuff */) { ... } } class Bar { final private long id; final private Foo foo; public Bar(long id, Foo foo, /* other stuff */) { ... } } class Baz { final private long id; final private List<Bar> barList; public Baz(long id, List<Bar> barList, /* other stuff */) { ... } } The id field is just for the serialization, so that when I am serializing to a file, I can write objects by keeping a record of which IDs have been serialized so far, then for each object checking whether its child objects have been serialized and writing the ones that haven't, finally writing the object itself by writing its data fields and the IDs corresponding to its child objects. What's puzzling me is how to assign id's. I thought about it, and it seems like there are three cases for assigning an ID: dynamically-created objects -- id is assigned from a counter that increments reading objects from disk -- id is assigned from the number stored in the disk file singleton objects -- object is created prior to any dynamically-created object, to represent a singleton object that is always present. How can I handle these properly? I feel like I'm reinventing the wheel and there must be a well-established technique for handling all the cases.

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  • Mongodb update: how to check if an update succeeds or fails?

    - by zmg
    I think the title pretty much says it all. I'm working with Mongodb in PHP using the pecl driver. My updates are working great, but I'd like to build some error checking into my funciton(s). I've tried using lastError() in a pretty simple function: function system_db_update_object($query, $values, $database, $collection) { $connection = new Mongo(); $collection = $connection->$database->$collection; $connection->$database->resetError(); //Added for debugging $collection->update( $query, array('$set' => $values)); //$errorArray = $connection->$database->lastError(); var_dump($connection->$database->lastError());exit; // Var dump and /Exit/ } But pretty much regardless of what I try to update (whether it exists or not) I get these same basic results: array(4) { ["err"]=> NULL ["updatedExisting"]=> bool(true) ["n"]=> float(1) ["ok"]=> float(1) } Any help or direction would be greatly appreciated.

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  • static member specialization of templated child class and templated base class

    - by b3nj1
    I'm trying to have a templated class (here C) that inherits from another templated class (here A) and perform static member specialization (of int var here), but I cant get the right syntax to do so (if it's possible #include <iostream> template<typename derived> class A { public: static int var; }; //This one works fine class B :public A<B> { public: B() { std::cout << var << std::endl; } }; template<> int A<B>::var = 9; //This one doesn't works template<typename type> class C :public A<C<type> > { public: C() { std::cout << var << std::endl; } }; //template<> template<typename type> int A<C<type> >::a = 10; int main() { B b; C<int> c; return 0; } I put an example that works with a non templated class (here B) and i can get the static member specialization of var, but for C that just doesn't work. Here is what gcc tells me : test.cpp: In constructor ‘C<type>::C()’: test.cpp:29:26: error: ‘var’ was not declared in this scope test.cpp: At global scope: test.cpp:34:18: error: template definition of non-template ‘int A<C<type> >::a’ I'm using gcc version 4.6.3, thanks for any help

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  • Is there programming language with better approach for switch's break statements ?

    - by Vitaly Polonetsky
    It's the same syntax in a way too many languages: switch (someValue) { case OPTION_ONE: case OPTION_LIKE_ONE: case OPTION_ONE_SIMILAR: doSomeStuff1(); break; // EXIT the switch case OPTION_TWO_WITH_PRE_ACTION: doPreActionStuff2(); // the default is to CONTINUE to next case case OPTION_TWO: doSomeStuff2(); break; // EXIT the switch case OPTION_THREE: doSomeStuff3(); break; // EXIT the switch } Now all you know that break statements are required, because the switch will continue to the next case when break statement is missing. We have an example of that with OPTION_LIKE_ONE, OPTION_ONE_SIMILAR and OPTION_TWO_WITH_PRE_ACTION. The problem is that we only need this "skip to next case" very very very rarely. And very often we put break at the end of case. It very easy for a beginner to forget about it. And one of my C teachers even explained it to us as if it was a bug in C language (don't want to talk about it :) I would like to ask if there are any other languages that I don't know of (or forgot about) that handle switch/case like this: switch (someValue) { case OPTION_ONE: continue; // CONTINUE to next case case OPTION_LIKE_ONE: continue; // CONTINUE to next case case OPTION_ONE_SIMILAR: doSomeStuff1(); // the default is to EXIT the switch case OPTION_TWO_WITH_PRE_ACTION: doPreActionStuff2(); continue; // CONTINUE to next case case OPTION_TWO: doSomeStuff2(); // the default is to EXIT the switch case OPTION_THREE: doSomeStuff3(); // the default is to EXIT the switch } The second question: is there any historical meaning to why it is like this in C? May be continue to next case was used far more often than we use it these days ?

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  • How to lazy load a data structure (python)

    - by Anton Geraschenko
    I have some way of building a data structure (out of some file contents, say): def loadfile(FILE): return # some data structure created from the contents of FILE So I can do things like puppies = loadfile("puppies.csv") # wait for loadfile to work kitties = loadfile("kitties.csv") # wait some more print len(puppies) print puppies[32] In the above example, I wasted a bunch of time actually reading kitties.csv and creating a data structure that I never used. I'd like to avoid that waste without constantly checking if not kitties whenever I want to do something. I'd like to be able to do puppies = lazyload("puppies.csv") # instant kitties = lazyload("kitties.csv") # instant print len(puppies) # wait for loadfile print puppies[32] So if I don't ever try to do anything with kitties, loadfile("kitties.csv") never gets called. Is there some standard way to do this? After playing around with it for a bit, I produced the following solution, which appears to work correctly and is quite brief. Are there some alternatives? Are there drawbacks to using this approach that I should keep in mind? class lazyload: def __init__(self,FILE): self.FILE = FILE self.F = None def __getattr__(self,name): if not self.F: print "loading %s" % self.FILE self.F = loadfile(self.FILE) return object.__getattribute__(self.F, name) What might be even better is if something like this worked: class lazyload: def __init__(self,FILE): self.FILE = FILE def __getattr__(self,name): self = loadfile(self.FILE) # this never gets called again # since self is no longer a # lazyload instance return object.__getattribute__(self, name) But this doesn't work because self is local. It actually ends up calling loadfile every time you do anything.

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  • shell script stopped working --- need to rewrite?

    - by OopsForgotMyOtherUserName
    The script below worked on my Mac OS X. I'm now using Ubuntu OS, and the script is no longer working. I'm wondering if there's something that I need to change here? I did change the first line from #!/bin/bash to #!/bin/sh, but it's still throwing up an error.... Essentially, I get an error when I try to run it: Syntax error: end of file unexpected (expecting ")") #!/bin/sh REMOTE='ftp.example.com' USER='USERNAME' PASSWORD='PASSWORD' CMDFILE='/jtmp/rc.ftp' FTPLOG='/jtmp/ftplog' PATTERN='SampFile*' date > $FTPLOG rm $CMDFILE 2>/dev/null LISTING=$(ftp -in $REMOTE <<EOF user $USER $PASSWORD cd download ls $PATTERN quit EOF ) echo "open $REMOTE" >> $CMDFILE echo "user $USER $PASSWORD" >> $CMDFILE echo "verbose" >> $CMDFILE echo "bin" >> $CMDFILE echo "cd download" >> $CMDFILE for FILE in $LISTING do echo "get $FILE" >> $CMDFILE done echo "quit" >> $CMDFILE ftp -in < $CMDFILE >> $FTPLOG 2>&1 rm $CMDFILE

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  • What C# container is most resource-efficient for existence for only one operation?

    - by ccornet
    I find myself often with a situation where I need to perform an operation on a set of properties. The operation can be anything from checking if a particular property matches anything in the set to a single iteration of actions. Sometimes the set is dynamically generated when the function is called, some built with a simple LINQ statement, other times it is a hard-coded set that will always remain the same. But one constant always exists: the set only exists for one single operation and has no use before or after it. My problem is, I have so many points in my application where this is necessary, but I appear to be very, very inconsistent in how I store these sets. Some of them are arrays, some are lists, and just now I've found a couple linked lists. Now, none of the operations I'm specifically concerned about have to care about indices, container size, order, or any other functionality that is bestowed by any of the individual container types. I picked resource efficiency because it's a better idea than flipping coins. I figured, since array size is configured and it's a very elementary container, that might be my best choice, but I figure it is a better idea to ask around. Alternatively, if there's a better choice not out of resource-efficiency but strictly as being a better choice for this kind of situation, that would be nice as well.

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  • How to reliably get size of C-style array?

    - by Frank
    How do I reliably get the size of a C-style array? The method often recommended seems to be to use sizeof, but it doesn't work in the foo function, where x is passed in: #include <iostream> void foo(int x[]) { std::cerr << (sizeof(x) / sizeof(int)); // 2 } int main(){ int x[] = {1,2,3,4,5}; std::cerr << (sizeof(x) / sizeof(int)); // 5 foo(x); return 0; } Answers to this question recommend sizeof but they don't say that it (apparently?) doesn't work if you pass the array around. So, do I have to use a sentinel instead? (I don't think the users of my foo function can always be trusted to put a sentinel at the end. Of course, I could use std::vector, but then I don't get the nice shorthand syntax {1,2,3,4,5}.)

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