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  • formatting before md device creation in RAID5

    - by kumar
    consider you are creating a raid5 device with three drives. mdadm --create /dev/md0 --leve=5 --raid-disk=3 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 After issuing this command , I can see the progress of md device creating using cat /proc/mdstat. During the progress ITSELF, can I create a file ssytem partition say ext2 on md0 device like: mkfs.ext2 /dev/md0. Actually I am able to create this and want to confirm whether doing this before 100% completion of md device creation is CORRECT?

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  • getaddrinfo: command not found

    - by jebbie
    I've installed a new Ubuntu 12.04 on an AWS EC2 instance and everything worked fine till now. I followed the instructions in this great tutorial: http://www.exratione.com/2012/05/a-mailserver-on-ubuntu-1204-postfix-dovecot-mysql/ Now i'm on the point "installing monit" and when i restart the service i get this error message now: monit: Cannot translate '(none)' to FQDN name -- Name or service not known I started googling and someone is writing there, that monit uses getaddrinfo in his startup-process to determine the hostname. Ok, so i thought i try out on myself what is getaddrinfo delivering, and then i got: getaddrinfo: command not found I guess, something is missing on my system. Can anyone help?

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  • postfix "mail-pipe" alias shellscript creates permissionless files/dirs

    - by Gung Foo
    I am using an alias to a shellscript in postfix... After the script that is called by the shellscript creates a directory it has no permissions at all.. #!/bin/sh umask 002 cat | php /var/www/html/catchmymail rcvemail result is like this: d--------- 2 apache apache 4096 Sep 17 17:25 50 it works for files tho: -rw-rw---- 1 apache apache 5836288 Sep 18 11:21 test Not even setting umask 002 in the shellscript before it hands the mail on changes a thing Setting umask(0002) inside catchmymail has no effect either. Has anyone seen this behaviour before or an idea to save my day?!? This is extremely confusing and actually insane behaviour from what i understand about umask and file permissions.

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  • "Possible SYN flooding" in log despite low number of SYN_RECV connections

    - by al4
    Recently we had an apache server which was responding very slowly due to SYN flooding. The workaround for this was to enable tcp_syncookies (net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1 in /etc/sysctl.conf). I posted a question about this here if you want more background. After enabling syncookies we started seeing the following message in /var/log/messages approximately every 60 seconds: [84440.731929] possible SYN flooding on port 80. Sending cookies. Vinko Vrsalovic informed me that this means the syn backlog is getting full, so I raised tcp_max_syn_backlog to 4096. At some point I also lowered tcp_synack_retries to 3 (down from the default of 5) by issuing sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries=3. After doing this, the frequency seemed to drop, with the interval of the messages varying between roughly 60 and 180 seconds. Next I issued sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog=65536, but am still getting the message in the log. Throughout all this I've been watching the number of connections in SYN_RECV state (by running watch --interval=5 'netstat -tuna |grep "SYN_RECV"|wc -l'), and it never goes higher than about 240, much much lower than the size of the backlog. Yet I have a Red Hat server which hovers around 512 (limit on this server is the default of 1024). Are there any other tcp settings which would limit the size of the backlog or am I barking up the wrong tree? Should the number of SYN_RECV connections in netstat -tuna correlate to the size of the backlog? Update As best I can tell I'm dealing with legitimate connections here, netstat -tuna|wc -l hovers around 5000. I've been researching this today and found this post from a last.fm employee, which has been rather useful. I've also discovered that the tcp_max_syn_backlog has no effect when syncookies are enabled (as per this link) So as a next step I set the following in sysctl.conf: net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 3 # default=5 net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 3 # default=5 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536 # default=1024 net.core.wmem_max = 8388608 # default=124928 net.core.rmem_max = 8388608 # default=131071 net.core.somaxconn = 512 # default = 128 net.core.optmem_max = 81920 # default = 20480 I then setup my response time test, ran sysctl -p and disabled syncookies by sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=0. After doing this the number of connections in the SYN_RECV state still remained around 220-250, but connections were starting to delay again. Once I noticed these delays I re-enabled syncookies and the delays stopped. I believe what I was seeing was still an improvement from the initial state, however some requests were still delayed which is much worse than having syncookies enabled. So it looks like I'm stuck with them enabled until we can get some more servers online to cope with the load. Even then, I'm not sure I see a valid reason to disable them again as they're only sent (apparently) when the server's buffers get full. But the syn backlog doesn't appear to be full with only ~250 connections in the SYN_RECV state! Is it possible that the SYN flooding message is a red herring and it's something other than the syn_backlog that's filling up? If anyone has any other tuning options I haven't tried yet I'd be more than happy to try them out, but I'm starting to wonder if the syn_backlog setting isn't being applied properly for some reason.

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  • Permission issue for apache

    - by Aamir Adnan
    Environment Details: Amazon Ec2 Ubuntu 12.04 Django + mod_wsgi + python 2.6 web server: apache2 I have mounted a 10GB ebs volume to an instance to /mnt/ebs1/. After mounting the volume and formatting, I have placed all my project files in /mnt/ebs1/project. the wsgi file is in /mnt/ebs1/project/apache/django.wsgi. The content of wsgi file is: import os, sys sys.path.insert(0, '/mnt/ebs1/project') sys.path.insert(1, '/mnt/ebs1') os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'project.configs.common.settings' import django.core.handlers.wsgi application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler() My httpd.conf file looks as: LoadModule wsgi_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_wsgi.so WSGIPythonHome /usr/bin/python2.6 WSGIScriptAlias / /mnt/ebs1/project/apache/django.wsgi <Directory /mnt/ebs1/project> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> <Directory /mnt/ebs1/project/apache> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> Alias /static/ /mnt/ebs1/project/static/ <Directory /mnt/ebs1/project/static> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Directory> The above configurations gives me Forbidden: You don't have permission to access / on this server. I tried to find the user which is running apache using ps aux which is www-data and has group www-data. I have tried to change the ownership of /mnt/ebs1 and its subdirectories using chown -R www-data:www-data /mnt/ebs1 but that still does not solve the problem. Can any one tell me what I am doing wrong or have missed?

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  • Set Users as chrooted for sftp, but allow user to login in SSH

    - by Eghes
    I have setup a ssh server on debian 7, to use sftp connection. I chrooted some user, with this config: Match Group sftpusers ChrootDirectory /sftp/%u ForceCommand internal-sftp But if i want login with one of this chrooted users in ssh console, they get logged, but autoclose the connection. In logs I see: Oct 17 13:39:32 xxxxxx sshd[31100]: Accepted password for yyyyyy from zzz.zzz.zzz.zzz port 7855 ssh2 Oct 17 13:39:32 xxxxxx[31100]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session opened for user yyyyyyyyyyyy by (uid=0) Oct 17 13:39:32 d00hyr-ea1 sshd[31100]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session closed for user yyyyyyyyyyyy How can I chroot a user only for sftp, and use it as a normal user for ssh?

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  • Recommendations on managing dot files for users using Puppet

    - by Beaming Mel-Bin
    Goal is to have a collection of dot files (.bashrc, .vimrc, etc.) in a central location. Once it's there, Puppet should push out the files to all managed servers. I initially was thinking of giving users FTP access where they could upload their dot files and then having an rsync cron job. However, it might not be the most elegant or robust solution. Wanted to see if anyone else had some recommendations.

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  • Can I mark a folder as mountpoint-only?

    - by Collin
    I have a folder ~/nas which I usually use sshfs to mount a network drive on. Today, I didn't realize the share hadn't been mounted yet, and copied some data into it. It took me a bit to realize that I'd just copied data into my own local drive rather than the network share. Is there some way to mark in the system that this folder is supposed to be a mount point, and to not let anyone copy data into it? I tried the permissions solution here: How to only allow a program to write to a directory if it is mounted?, but if I don't have write access I also can't mount anything to it.

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  • Changing Corosync/Heartbeat pair's active node based on MySQL/Galera cluster state

    - by Hace
    Background I'm planning on building a High Availability "cluster" for our Zabbix instance by placing two physical servers in one server room and two in another server room. In each server room one of the physical servers will run Zabbix on RHEL and the other will run Zabbix's MySQL database, also on RHEL. I'd prefer synchronous replication for the MySQL nodes so I'm planning on using Galera in a master-slave configuration. The Zabbix instances on the two Zabbix servers would be controlled by Heartbeat/Corosync (although Red Hat Cluster Suite is also an option...) If the Zabbix server in Server Room A goes down, the one in Server Room B becomes active (and vice versa). Ditto for the MySQL servers/instances. If either of those cases happen, however, the connection between the Zabbix server and the MySQL server becomes significantly slower as ti has to travel over WAN. Question Is it possible to configure the Heartbeat/CoroSync pair to instruct the MySQL/Galera cluster to change the master node to switch to (if available) the one that's in the server room as the active Heartbeat/Corosync -node and (more challengingly) is it possible to do the same in the other direction, i.e have the Galera cluster change the active Heartbeat/CoroSync server to be in the same room as the active MySQL master server in case of a failover in over to avoid unnecessary WAN transfers between the application and its DB? Theories Most likely I can get CoroSync to run something that'd log in to one of the DB nodes to change the MySQL/Galera master but I don't know if it's really possible to do anything similar in the other direction in Galera. Is it possible to define a "service" in CoroSync/Heartbeat so that both the service and its MySQL service would migrate as one if possible. Using the DB server that's behind WAN should still be a better option to DB downtime. Am I just using too many tools to solve a problem that'd be far simpler with something else?

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  • arp -n responds with (incomplete) on the wrong subnet, can't remove it

    - by Hannes
    context There are 2 servers: server1 - eth0 10.129.76.16 eth0.2 192.168.0.103 server2 - eth0 10.129.79.1 eth0.2 192.168.62.101 The 192.x.x.x addresses are connected to the same vlan (vlan2) and are able to see eachother. The 10.x.x.x addresses are connected to different vlan's which are not able to see eachother. on request of David Swartz: the routing table on server 1 is: ~$ sudo route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 10.129.76.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.192.0 U 0 0 0 eth0.2 0.0.0.0 192.168.61.254 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth0.2 the routing table on server 2 is: ~$ sudo route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 <public IP gw> 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 eth0.11 10.129.79.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 <public IP> 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.128 U 0 0 0 eth0.11 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.192.0 U 0 0 0 eth0.2 Problem: When I ping from server 1 to server 2, it seems no packets are arriving and vice versa. When I check the routes (route -n) I see the default gw uses eth0.2 on both servers. But when I use arping, I get a response one way (from server 2 to server 1) but no response vice versa. arping 192.168.62.101 ARPING 192.168.62.101 from 10.129.76.16 eth0 ^CSent 2 probes (2 broadcast(s)) Received 0 response(s) As you can see it uses the 10.x.x.x address instead of the 192.x.x.x. And as I told before, the 10.x.x.x address is unreachable from the other server. When I force arping to use eth0.2, it does work. I don't have any problems with ping'ing other servers from any of those 2 servers. I did see this in the arp tables: ~# arp -n | grep 192.168.0.103 192.168.0.103 (incomplete) eth0 and ~# arp -n | grep 192.168.62.101 Question quite obvious... How can I make these servers see each other again? Things I've tied clear the apropriate entries in the arptable and tried to get rid of the (incomplete) But I think the biggest problem is that eth0 is used instead of eth0.2 for the packets from server 1 to server 2 Because of David Swartz' remark about the routing tables, I added a route in there defining the host. I added 192.168.0.103 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 eth0.2 and 192.168.62.101 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 eth0.2 to the appropriate servers but this didn't solve the problem so I presume the problem is not in the routing. My guess I guess the problem lies in the following. ~$ arp -n | grep 192.168.0.103 192.168.0.103 (incomplete) eth0 but I'm unable to remove this entry. (arp -d 192.168.0.103 has no effect) Thanks for reading and even more thanks for answering!

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  • Cannot install CentOS 6.5 using UEFI usb boot

    - by Vaindil
    I am trying to dual-boot CentOS 6.5 on my desktop that is currently running Windows 8.1. I have two storage devices: an SSD that has my Windows installation, and an HDD that has all of my data. Both are formatted using GPT, and Windows boots using UEFI. I used the CentOS 6.5 live DVD (CentOS-6.5-x86_64-LiveDVD.iso) to create an EFI-bootable flash drive (it does boot properly in EFI mode). I receive an error, however, when CentOS is booting (error is below). I have a 6.4 boot DVD which boots as expected, but it does not boot in UEFI mode and therefore doesn't play nicely with my Windows installation (I have no way to access it, even using rEFInd or any other similar tools). What do I need to do to get the device to boot properly in UEFI mode? Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init! Pid: 1, comm: init Not tainted 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 Call Trace: [<ffffffff815271fa>] ? panic+0xa7/0x16f [<ffffffff81077622>] ? do_exit+0x862/0x870 [<ffffffff8118a865>] ? fput+0x25/0x30 [<ffffffff81077688>] ? do_group_exit+0x58/0xd0 [<ffffffff81077717>] ? sys_exit_group+0x17/0x20 [<ffffffff8100b072>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b drm_kms_helper: panic occurred, switching back to text console

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  • Getting a per thread cpu stats

    - by viraptor
    I'm interested in the current usage of cpu - precisely cpu% and wait% - for each thread in a specific application. Is it possible to get that information from somewhere? I know that top can split information per real thread (ones with pid), but it doesn't show the system/user/wait cpu usage split for each of them. I would also like some way to log that info. Do you know any apps (or apis) that can do that?

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  • winbind failing after a semi-random amount of time

    - by The Digital Ninja
    I have winbind set up to authenticate to our AD for samba shares. This is the third such server, and the only one having any issues. It seems after a random amount of time samba shares will just stop working. Winbind processes seem to be running but restarting them seems to fix the issue for a while. Looking at the logs have been kind of hit an miss and I don't know exactly when it fails. One interesting thing is that it seems to be pulling from another domain controller that it shoudlnt. I censored out the domain name in this example. But isnt there some way to block authentication to a domain? I'm not sure if this is a symptom or a cause of the issue. [2010/10/18 08:02:10, 0] winbindd/winbindd_cache.c:initialize_winbindd_cache(2577) initialize_winbindd_cache: clearing cache and re-creating with version number 1 [2010/10/18 09:15:54, 1] libsmb/clikrb5.c:ads_krb5_mk_req(686) ads_krb5_mk_req: krb5_get_credentials failed for [email protected] (Cannot find KDC for requested realm) [2010/10/18 09:15:54, 1] libsmb/cliconnect.c:cli_session_setup_kerberos(624) cli_session_setup_kerberos: spnego_gen_negTokenTarg failed: Cannot find KDC for requested realm [2010/10/18 09:15:54, 0] lib/util_sock.c:write_data(1139) write_data: write failure. Error = Connection reset by peer [2010/10/18 09:15:54, 0] libsmb/clientgen.c:write_socket(242) write_socket: Error writing 108 bytes to socket 18: ERRNO = Connection reset by peer [2010/10/18 09:15:54, 0] libsmb/clientgen.c:cli_send_smb(290) Error writing 108 bytes to client. -1 (Connection reset by peer)

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  • Ubuntu and mysql server. Something isnt allowing me to connect

    - by acidzombie24
    I have a question about mysql settings http://serverfault.com/questions/94054/remote-connections-and-mysql-on-ubuntu/94088#94088 now i want to figure out why i cannot connect. I made sure bind-address was commented out. I can ping the server within the VM but i cannot ping it from within the VM using mysqladmin --protocol=tcp --host=self_ip ping. I also followed along and check if my ports were open and they look like they are. I setup samba on that VM and can access that with no problem as well. It looks like ubuntu does not have a firewall either (i figured this out before) so i am stumped why the server isnt allowing my connection. Apparently the config file works on another person side http://www.pastie.org/742545 I am using Ubuntu 6.06 LTS just because of 'support' reasons. So hopefully this will be 'easy'?

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  • How to know how many files a process opened efficiently?

    - by Victor Lin
    I knows I can use the command lsof -p xxxx | wc -l to know the count of opened files op a process, it works, but however, it is just too inefficient. I have some server process which have too many socket files, the wc -l method never return the result. So, what is the efficient way to know how many files opened on a process? Thanks.

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  • HP Server Automation - agent misreporting hostname

    - by warren
    I've been using HP Server Automation for some time, but have noticed an interesting issue I'm hoping the SF community has seen / knows a workaround to. When the management agent on Solaris or RHEL (only platforms I've noticed it on) reports the hostname of the managed server, it does not return the value of hostname, it returns the first alias to that entry in /etc/hosts. Any ideas on how to get around that? Other than editing /etc/hosts so the alias is at the end of the line instead of the front?

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  • "make menuconfig" throwing cannot find -lc error in my Fedora 11 PC

    - by Sen
    When i try to do a make menuconfig in a Fedora 11 machine it is throwing the following error message: [root@PC04 kernel]# make menuconfig HOSTCC -static scripts/basic/fixdep scripts/basic/fixdep.c: In function âtrapsâ: scripts/basic/fixdep.c:377: warning: dereferencing type-punned pointer will break strict-aliasing rules scripts/basic/fixdep.c:379: warning: dereferencing type-punned pointer will break strict-aliasing rules /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lc collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make[1]: *** [scripts/basic/fixdep] Error 1 make: *** [scripts_basic] Error 2 Please help me on this issue? How can i solve this? Thanks, Sen

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  • CentOS - dual boot from new partition

    - by Dima
    I need to install two copies of the CentOS 5.5 (bank A and bank B) on different partitions of the same hard disk and install grub boot loader to another partition (visible from both banks). The boot loader should redirect the boot menu to bank A or bank B (according to the configuration). The new partition is mounted to /common_partition and grub is installed on it using following command: grub-install /dev/hda In the new partition I'm created the following menu.lst file: title BOOTCONTROL REDIRECT : PLEASE WAIT root (hd0,1) configfile /boot/menu.lst boot On my setup: both partitions (bank A and bank B) are primary and grub is installed on MBR. The problem is: but the new boot loader (on common_partition) did not load. What wrong on my configuration?

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  • PCI scan findings and problems with week ciphers on ports 993,443,995,465

    - by user64991
    From PCI scan results: Synops is : The remote service encrypts traffic using a protocol with known weaknesses . Description : The remote service accepts connections encrypted using SSL 2.0, which reportedly suffers from several cryptographic flaws and has been deprecated for several years. An attacker may be able to exploit these issues to conduct man-in-the-middle attacks or decrypt communications between the affected service and clients . See also : http://www.schneier.com/paper-ssl.pdf Solution: Consult the application's documentation to disable SSL 2.0 and use SSL 3.0 or TLS 1.0 instead. Risk Factor: Medium / CVSS Base Score : 2 (AV:R/AC:L/Au:NR/C:P/A:N/I:N/B:N) I have tried to change SSLProtocol all -SSLv2 to SSLProtocol -ALL +SSLv3 +TLSv1 And SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT:!SSLv2:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW To SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:!MEDIUM:!LOW:!SSLv2:!EXPORT But using SSLdigger, it shows the same result. Is this the right way to do something like this?

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  • pppd disconnects from 3G, doesn't reconnect, w/ persist set

    - by bytenik
    I am trying to configure pppd to connect to a 3G network (Sprint, in this case) and then stay connected, reconnecting automatically if the remote connection is terminated. I have enabled the persist option. My configuration file is as follows: hide-password noauth connect "/usr/sbin/chat -v -f /etc/chatscripts/cellular" debug /dev/cell 921600 defaultroute noipdefault user " " persist maxfail 0 lcp-echo-failure 10 lcp-echo-interval 60 holdoff 5 However, when the peer disconnects the connection, pppd often waits a long time (substantially more than my holdoff) to reconnect the modem -- if it ever reconnects at all! An example log showing this: May 23 05:17:24 00270e0a8888 pppd[2408]: rcvd [LCP TermReq id=0x26] May 23 05:17:24 00270e0a8888 pppd[2408]: LCP terminated by peer May 23 05:17:24 00270e0a8888 pppd[2408]: Connect time 60.1 minutes. May 23 05:17:24 00270e0a8888 pppd[2408]: Sent 0 bytes, received 0 bytes. May 23 05:17:24 00270e0a8888 pppd[2408]: Script /etc/ppp/ip-down started (pid 2456) May 23 05:17:24 00270e0a8888 pppd[2408]: sent [LCP TermAck id=0x26] May 23 05:17:24 00270e0a8888 pppd[2408]: Script /etc/ppp/ip-down finished (pid 2456), status = 0x0 May 23 05:17:24 00270e0a8888 pppd[2408]: Hangup (SIGHUP) May 23 05:17:24 00270e0a8888 pppd[2408]: Modem hangup May 23 05:17:24 00270e0a8888 pppd[2408]: Connection terminated. May 23 05:17:24 00270e0a8888 pppd[2408]: Terminating on signal 15 May 23 05:17:24 00270e0a8888 pppd[2408]: Exit. May 23 06:08:07 00270e0a8888 pppd[2500]: pppd 2.4.5 started by root, uid 0 May 23 06:08:10 00270e0a8888 pppd[2500]: Script /usr/sbin/chat -v -f /etc/chatscripts/cellular finished (pid 2530), status = 0x0 May 23 06:08:10 00270e0a8888 pppd[2500]: Serial connection established. May 23 06:08:10 00270e0a8888 pppd[2500]: using channel 11 The disconnect at the request of the peer occurs at 5:17, but the reconnect didn't happen until 6:08. I had a friend monitoring the server so I'm not certain that this wasn't a manual reconnection. Either way, it either took almost an hour to reconnect or never reconnected. Shouldn't persist + holdoff 5 cause this to automatically reconnect after 5 seconds of the link terminating?

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