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• Checking All Checkboxes in a GridView Using jQuery

  In May 2006 I wrote two articles that showed how to add a column of checkboxes to a GridView and offer the ability for users to check (or uncheck) all checkboxes in the column with a single click of the mouse. The first article, Checking All CheckBoxes in a GridView, showed how to add "Check All" and "Uncheck All" buttons to the page above the GridView that, when clicked, checked or unchecked all of the checkboxes. The second article, Checking All CheckBoxes in a GridView Using Client-Side Script and a Check All CheckBox, detailed how to add a checkbox to the checkbox column in the grid's header row that would check or uncheck all checkboxes in the column. Both articles showed how to implement such functionality on the client-side, thereby removing the need for a postback. The JavaScript presented in these two previous articles still works, but the techniques used are a bit antiquated and hamfisted given the advances made in JavaScript programming over the past few years. For instance, the script presented in the previous articles uses server-side code in the GridView's DataBound event handler to assign a client-side onclick event handler to each checkbox. While this works, it violates the tenets of unobtrusive JavaScript, which is a design guideline for JavaScript programming that encourages a clean separation of functionality from presentation. (Ideally, event handlers for HTML elements are defined in script.) Also, the quantity of JavaScript used in the two previous articles is quite hefty compared to the amount of code that would be needed using modern JavaScript libraries like jQuery. This article presents updated JavaScript for checking (and unchecking) all checkboxes within a GridView. The two examples from the previous articles - checking/unchecking all checkboxes using a button and checking/unchecking all checkboxes using a checkbox in the header row - are reimplemented here using jQuery and unobtrusive JavaScript techniques. Read on to learn more! Read More >

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• In a Tower defense game, how to do buffs/debuffs

  - by Gabe

  The question is at the very bottom. If you understand Buffs/Debuffs in tower defense games then you should skip the bulk of this question and go to the bottom (seperated with the long line) I plan on making an IPhone TD game. The fact that its an iPhone game isn't relevant but I am coding in Objective-c with Cocos2D. I am relatively inexperienced in the field of game design so I'm looking for some advice from someone experienced in this field. In tower defense, there are two things that are relevant to my question: towers/enemies (both have their own classes/children). They each have stats like hp, damage, speed, etc. I want to add buffs/defuffs, for instance: Towers A,B and C each have 15 base damage. Tower D would be a buff tower with no damage, a tower with an AOE(area of effect) aura that gives 10% damage to all towers in range. Tower E might slow enemies in its AOE, a debuff. Stuff like that. The same could go for enemies. Enemy A is a boss that has a slow aura that affects towers and slows their base attack speed or something along those lines. So the question is, what would be the most effective way to implement this? If it was just towers then I would just mess around with the tower classes, but since tower classes and enemy classes are both affected, should I make a buff class? TD games can consume quite a bit of memory with large amounts of creeps and towers, and buffs I feel like would also consume quit a bit... So I'm trying to be as effective as possible.

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• Try out ubuntu on thinkpad x40 (via usb)?

  - by Oliver

  I am trying to try out ubuntu (i,e, install it within windows) on my thinkpad x40. I followed the instructions on how to create a bootable usb (http://www.ubuntu.com/download/ubuntu/download). No problem. The issue I have now is that th eusb ports on my x40 were burned before (common problem with the machine), i.e. do not work. So I got a USB notebook card from belkin. However it does not seem to recognize the usb stick from bios, thus I cannot boot from it. I also do not have a cd rom. Then tried to run wubi from the usb stick, briefly appears in task manager, no further action. So I tried it with wubi.exe, but same thing. Downloaded it to desktop, run it, briefly appears in the task manager under processes, no further action. Any one idea? I have enough memory and enough freed hd space. Thanks. Oliver

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• Entry / JR Php Programmer - What do I learn next?

  - by dtj

  I got very interested in programming toward the end of college. Took a few classes, but learned most everything on my own via books and such. Its mostly been Php and MySQL. Right out of school, I got a job working at a company for 2 years (web media) and ended up learning a lot of stuff and programming some things for them. I am no longer at that company but I am looking for my next steps as a programmer. I really enjoy Web Development and Php and MySQL seems to be my thing. Basically, I know how to do CRUD operations, i am mediocre at OOP and still have more to learn, I know HTML and CSS quite well, I know my way around a Unix terminal and can access MySQL through it and set up cron jobs and such. I know some basic Javascript. Whats a good next step? I don't anything about 3rd party services, PDO, APIs (twitter, facebook, etc), Drupal / Joomla, Unit Testing, E-Commerce, PECL, PEAR ....in other words A LOT I get easily overwhelmed by the amount of stuff there is to learn, so I'm sort of trying to find a path. Right now, I'm digging into OOP more, as that seems like a good conceptual first-step. Any suggestions?

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• How to fix E: Internal Error, No file name for libc6

  - by Loren Ramly

  How to fix E: Internal Error, No file name for libc6, Like that will show If I do: $ sudo apt-get upgrade or $ sudo apt-get install package This is example : $ sudo apt-get upgrade Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages have been kept back: ginn hplip hplip-data libdrm-dev libdrm-intel1 libdrm-nouveau1a libdrm-radeon1 libdrm2 libgrip0 libhpmud0 libkms1 libsane-hpaio libunity-2d-private0 libunity-core-5.0-5 linux-generic-pae linux-headers-generic-pae linux-image-generic-pae printer-driver-hpcups printer-driver-hpijs unity unity-2d-common unity-2d-panel unity-2d-shell unity-2d-spread unity-common unity-services The following packages will be upgraded: alsa-base firefox firefox-globalmenu firefox-gnome-support firefox-locale-en icedtea-6-jre-cacao icedtea-6-jre-jamvm icedtea-7-jre-jamvm libdbus-glib-1-2 libdbus-glib-1-dev libgnutls-dev libgnutls-openssl27 libgnutls26 libgnutlsxx27 libssl-dev libssl-doc libssl1.0.0 linux-sound-base openjdk-6-jre openjdk-6-jre-headless openjdk-6-jre-lib openjdk-7-jdk openjdk-7-jre openjdk-7-jre-headless openjdk-7-jre-lib openssl sudo 27 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 26 not upgraded. 3 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/126 MB of archives. After this operation, 3,072 B of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y E: Internal Error, No file name for libc6 I have follow instruction from here E: Internal Error, No file name for libssl1.0.0 . Which do: sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get clean sudo apt-get install -fy sudo dpkg -i /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb sudo dpkg --configure -a sudo apt-get install -fy sudo apt-get dist-upgrade But stuck with same error E: Internal Error, No file name for libc6 when do command sudo apt-get install -fy. And I've been looking on google, but have not been successful until now. Thanks.

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• Communication between WCF service [library] and Self-host [Winform]

  - by Mur Haf Soz

  Introduction: I have a WCF service library and a self-host Winform. Service features is File explorer including (copy, move, delete, new folder, delete... etc) and Task Manager (run, kill, update list). Then now I want to add other features like chatting between self-host and client, send an image from client to self-host so when it received, it is shown in a pictureBox in a new form. Till now I have two endpoints for (Task Manager, File Manager) that runs under one service "MainService". And I set up all the connections using DotNet 4.0 WCF Configuration and Wizards, and I'm using netTcpBinding. Problem: I need to know how to communicate with between WCF service lib and self-host, so I can append a received chat from client on self-host form's textbox TextBoxChat. And also call a client callback from self-host when Send button clicked, to send the message from self-host textbox TextBoxMessage. Let's say this's self-host ChatForm So is it possible to do that in WCF? I would prefer to run ChatEndpoint under MainService, so all Endpoints use one port.

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• Need help in determing what, if any, tools can be used to create a free Flash game

  - by ReaperOscuro

  Yes I proudly -and sadly- declare that I am a complete nincompoop when it comes to Flash, and I have been fishing around the big wide web for information. The reason for this is that I have been contracted to create a game(s) for a website -the usual flash-based games caveat. Please I do not mean things like by those gaming generator websites, I mean small yet professional games- but the caveat, as always, is that impossible dream: it needs to be done all for free. The budget...well imagine it as not there. Annoyingly is that I am a game designer yes, but with a ridiculously tight deadline I haven't got much time to re-learn (ah the heady days of programming at uni) everything by the end of March, so I'd like to ask some people who know their stuff rather than keep looking at a gazillion different things. This is my understanding: with the flash sdk you can create a game, albeit you need to be pretty programming savvy. FlashDevelop helps there -yet I am not entirely sure how. Yet even FD says to use Flash for the animation/graphics. Yes its undeniably powerful but as I said there is the unattainable demand of no money. The million dollar question: what, if any, tools can I use to create a free flash game?

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• Understanding Visitor Pattern

  - by Nezreli

  I have a hierarchy of classes that represents GUI controls. Something like this: Control-ContainerControl-Form I have to implement a series of algoritms that work with objects doing various stuff and I'm thinking that Visitor pattern would be the cleanest solution. Let take for example an algorithm which creates a Xml representaion of a hierarchy of objects. Using 'classic' approach I would do this: public abstract class Control { public virtual XmlElement ToXML(XmlDocument document) { XmlElement xml = document.CreateElement(this.GetType().Name); // Create element, fill it with attributes declared with control return xml; } } public abstract class ContainerControl : Control { public override XmlElement ToXML(XmlDocument document) { XmlElement xml = base.ToXML(document); // Use forech to fill XmlElement with child XmlElements return xml; } } public class Form : ContainerControl { public override XmlElement ToXML(XmlDocument document) { XmlElement xml = base.ToXML(document); // Fill remaining elements declared in Form class return xml; } } But I'm not sure how to do this with visitor pattern. This is the basic implementation: public class ToXmlVisitor : IVisitor { public void Visit(Form form) { } } Since even the abstract classes help with implementation I'm not sure how to do that properly in ToXmlVisitor. Perhaps there is a better solution to this problem. The reason that I'm considering Visitor pattern is that some algorithms will need references not available in project where the classes are implemented and there is a number of different algorithms so I'm avoiding large classes. Any thoughts are welcome.

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• C++ and function pointers assessment: lack of inspiration

  - by OlivierDofus

  I've got an assessment to give to my students. It's about C++ and function pointers. Their skill is middle: it the first year of a programming school after bachelor. To give you something precise, here's a sample of a solution of one of 3 exercices they had to do in 30 minutes (the question was: "here's a version of a code that could be written with function pointers, write down the same thing but with function pointers"): typedef void (*fcPtr) (istream &); fcPtr ArrayFct [] = { Delete , Insert, Swap, Move }; void HandleCmd (const string && Cmd) { string AvalaibleCommands ("DISM"); string::size_type Pos; istringstream Flux (Cmd); char CodeOp; Flux >> CodeOp; Pos = AvalaibleCommands.find (toupper (CodeOp)); if (Pos != string::npos) { ArrayFct [Pos](Flux); } } Any idea where I could find some inspiration? Some of the students have understood the principles, even though it's very hard for them to write C++ code. I know them, I know they're clever, and I'm pretty sure they should be very good project managers. So, writing C++ code is not that important after all. Understanding is the most important part (IMHO). I'm wondering about maybe break the habits, and give half of the questions about the principle, or even better, give some sample in other language and ask them why it's better to use function pointers instead of classical programming (usually a big switch case). Any idea where I could look? Find some inspiration?

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• I have 5 days of vouchers for MS training… help me choose? [closed]

  - by Shyatic

  I'm a Microsoft centric guy (systems engineering side) and I already know the syntax of VB, have done VBScript pretty extensively and Excel VBA stuff as well. I want to make the leap into proper programming, probably with C# because it teaches me syntax I can use for Java if I want to go that route at some point. Since I have vouchers for 5 days of programming, and I can understand logic and understand how the .NET framework works... I would love to hear ideas on which MS Courses I should take. My primary focus is to work on web applications with web services that interact and do neat stuff... like for example, to create a 'chat' room or something interactive on the web. Or should I do something with HTML5/JS? I am really not sure... like I said, I want to work to make web services/sites. Not making the next Facebook mind you, but I'd like to work towards something in that spectrum on a much smaller scale. Please give me any advice, I'd like to book these classes asap Obviously getting involved with SQL and things that I will require would be important here.. you guys know better than me! Thanks!

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• Your personal backlog

  - by johndoucette

  Whenever I start a new project or come in during a hectic time to help salvage a deliverable – there is always a backlog. Generating the backlog can be a daunting exercise, but worth the effort. Once I have a backlog, I feel in control and the chaos begins to quell. In your everyday life, you too should keep a backlog. Here is how I do it; 1. Always carry a notebook 2. Start each day marking a new page with today’s date 3. Flip to yesterday’s notes and copy every task with an empty checkbox next to it, to the new empty page (today) 4. As the day progresses and you go to meetings, do your work, or get interrupted to do something…jot it down in today’s page and put an empty checkbox next to it. If you get it done during the day, awesome. Mark it complete. Keep carrying and writing every task to each new day until it is complete. Maybe one day, you will have an empty backlog and your sprint will be complete!

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• Masters or Second Bachelors Degree..or neither

  - by drD

  I have a degree in Business Administration, because at the time I didn't know what I wanted to do. I have been interested in programming for the past 2 years and have taken some action to self-teach. My experience/ knowledge base is limited to the following: -Read Kochan's Programming in C -Read IOS and Objective-C from the Big Nerd Ranch series -Obtained a C++ at NYU - thought it would be a good way to start to get a grasp on OO & design I would like to continue developing my skills, but most of all, re-orient how I am perceived as a professional. I am fully aware of how much a novice to this subject and would greatly appreciate any guidance anyone could give me. I currently have a job so full-time is not an option My goal is to become a software/ applications developer My questions are: -Should i take up a second bachelors in computer science? or a masters? or continue taking professional certificate programs (how are these viewed?) -If masters in computer science, would that make sense, if I dont have the formal foundation? (being a chief without ever being an Indian) -General advice for a novice to develop skill Thank You in advanced for helping me out.

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• Choosing between PHP and Java

  - by user996459

  I've recently started University, studying Computing and IT. My Uni focuses on Java. My study will consist of mathematics, 'boring' IT related stuff and several Java units such as: -Software development with Java, -Object-oriented Java programming, -Relational databases: theory and practice (using Java), -Developing concurrent distributed systems (using Java), -Software engineering with objects (using Java). I'm trying to determine whenever I should focus on Java and self study it in my free time so that I can actually learn and become a competent Java programmer by the time I graduate, or, only do enough Java to get the degree but in my free time self study PHP and related web technologies. Job market in my area appears to be balanced for the two, salary and availability wise. Regardless of which patch I'd take getting a job should not be a problem however Java does seem to pay almost insignificantly more. In terms of my interest and career expectations, I don't have anything specific planned. I very much enjoy writing code but I don't really care what kind. So far I equally enjoyed writing C, AutoIT, vb.net, PHP and even Java. Basically, I'm happy as long as I get to type in code (be it low level programming or web back-end scripting). So the question really is, would my Uni and their Java focus profit me should I choose PHP? Or should I buy what my university is selling and stick to Java like a fly sticks to poop...? Apologies for cryptic writing, still learning English

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• How to solve 404 for static files with Django and Nginx?

  - by Lucio

  I setup a Trusty VM with Django + Nginx (other stuffs too). The server is working, I get the "Welcome to Django" page. But when I enter to servername/admin it loads the HTML page but fails to load the static content. And the admin page have this links to static content: <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/admin/css/base.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/admin/css/login.css" /> Both of the CSS files give me 404, as the Nginx log shows: 192.168.56.1 - - [05/Jun/2014:12:04:09 -0300] "GET /admin HTTP/1.1" 301 5 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:29.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/29.0" 192.168.56.1 - - [05/Jun/2014:12:04:09 -0300] "GET /admin/ HTTP/1.1" 200 833 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:29.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/29.0" 192.168.56.1 - - [05/Jun/2014:12:04:10 -0300] "GET /static/admin/css/base.css HTTP/1.1" 404 142 "http://ubuntu-server/admin/" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:29.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/29.0" 192.168.56.1 - - [05/Jun/2014:12:04:10 -0300] "GET /static/admin/css/login.css HTTP/1.1" 404 142 "http://ubuntu-server/admin/" "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:29.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/29.0" I think that the error is on my nginx.conf file, but do not know how to solve it.

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• Is there a visual web application builder or rapid webapp prototyping framework?

  - by Jesper Mortensen

  Question: Is there such a thing as a self-hosted framework or CMS especially tailored towards the creation of interactive web applications without -- or with an absolute minimum of -- programming? (Substantially less programming than say a simple Rails app or a plugin for Wordpress, Joomla etc would require.) As for desired features I'd settle for whatever is available, but some ideas could be: A User authentication and Permissions system. A GUI-driven input form builder. A GUI-driven template / visual site design builder. A simple scripting language (think AppleScript-like simplicity) A highly modular architecture, with high-level business objects (users, forms data, etc) exposed for easy re-use. If something like the above doesn't exist, then what comes near this? Need: This is for self-hosted rapid prototyping of web applications, and limited user testing of webapp user interface designs in a closed user test. Notes: I know about Ruby on Rails (Rails), Django, Pyramid etc. I'm looking for something much faster to work in, for making prototypes. I know about CMS's in general but find that most of them are tailored towards displaying information to the end users. If there is an exceptionally easy-to-master CMS with easy scripting (lets say much more so than for example Wordpress) then I'd be interested.

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• Were the first assemblers written in machine code?

  - by The111

  I am reading the book The Elements of Computing Systems: Building a Modern Computer from First Principles, which contains projects encompassing the build of a computer from boolean gates all the way to high level applications (in that order). The current project I'm working on is writing an assembler using a high level language of my choice, to translate from Hack assembly code to Hack machine code (Hack is the name of the hardware platform built in the previous chapters). Although the hardware has all been built in a simulator, I have tried to pretend that I am really constructing each level using only the tools available to me at that point in the real process. That said, it got me thinking. Using a high level language to write my assembler is certainly convenient, but for the very first assembler ever written (i.e. in history), wouldn't it need to be written in machine code, since that's all that existed at the time? And a correlated question... how about today? If a brand new CPU architecture comes out, with a brand new instruction set, and a brand new assembly syntax, how would the assembler be constructed? I'm assuming you could still use an existing high level language to generate binaries for the assembler program, since if you know the syntax of both the assembly and machine languages for your new platform, then the task of writing the assembler is really just a text analysis task and is not inherently related to that platform (i.e. needing to be written in that platform's machine language)... which is the very reason I am able to "cheat" while writing my Hack assembler in 2012, and use some preexisting high level language to help me out.

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• How do you stay productive when dealing with extremely badly written code?

  - by gaearon

  I don't have much experience in working in software industry, being self-taught and having participated in open source before deciding to take a job. Now that I work for money, I also have to deal with some unpleasant stuff, which is normal of course. Recently I was assigned to add logging to a large SharePoint project which is written by some programmer who obviously was learning to code on the job. After 2 years of collaboration, the client switched to our company, but the damage was done, and now somehow I need to maintain this code. Not that the code was too hard to read. Despite problems - each project has one class with several copy-pasted methods, enormous if nestings, Systems Hungarian, undisposed connections — it's still readable. However, I found myself absolutely unproductive despite working on something as simple as adding logging. Basically, I just need to go through the code step by step and add some trace calls. However, the idiocy of the code is so annoying that I get tired within 10 minutes of starting. In the beginning, I used to add using constructs, reduce nesting by reversing if's, rename the variables to readable names—but the project is large, and eventually I gave up. I know this is not the task I should be doing, but at least reducing the mess gave me some kind of psychological reward so I could keep going. Now the trick stopped working, and I still have 60% of my work to do. I started having headaches after work, and I no longer get the feeling of satisfaction I used to get - which would usually allow me to code for 10 hours straight and still feel fresh. This is not just one big rant, for I really do have an actual question: Is there a way to stay productive and not to fight the windmills? Is there some kind of psychological trick to stay focused on the task, instead of thinking “How stupid is that?” each time I see another clever trick by the previous programmer? The problem with adding logging is that I actually have to understand what the code does, and doing so hurts my brain in an unpleasant fashion.

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• What kinds of demos are good to make for a software engineer job

  - by user23012

  I have created my cv site and sent out my demos for a while now, but most of my demos are either from my course or games related since my course was a games programming course, I was wondering what kind of demos are good to show off my skills in programming in general. These are what i already have Pennies:just a simple game first coursework i did. Compiler:coursework for compiler writing module Pongout: basic a pong game in 68k using colour detection Snake: snake in 68k same thing as the pong Game Cube Maze: gamecube work BeatmyBot: basic Ai Basic plat-former game: 2d game with different types of collision Turing Lambda Simulation: my dissertation Turing machine simulated in Miranda. alpha and Beta reduction,and SKI calculus simulated in the Turing machine. What I am asking here is what kind of demos are good to add or have, i have been looking and have hit a tough spot I cant think of anything to make more than games. so for a general graduate software engineer what types would be good examples? EDIT: since responding to the comments bellow well for what languages well my main one would be C++, followed by Java, Erlang and abit of Haskell

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• Spirent Communications Improves Customer Experience with Knowledge Management

  - by Tony Berk

  Spirent Communications plc is a global leader in test and measurement inspiring innovation within development labs, communication networks and IT organizations. The world’s leading communications companies rely on Spirent to help design, develop, validate, and deliver world-class network, devices, and services. Spirent’s customers require high levels of support for a diverse and complex product portfolio, and the company is committed to delivering on this requirement. Spirent needed a solution to help its customers get the information they need quickly and at their convenience through its Web site. After evaluating several solutions, Spirent selected and deployed Oracle Knowledge for Web Self Service Enterprise Edition. Oracle Knowledge Management uses natural language processing to understand the true intent of each inquiry logged via the support portal’s search function. The Spirent Knowledge Base on the company’s Customer Support Center (CSC) finds the best possible answer using search enhancement features?such as communications industry-specific libraries and federation to search external sources. Spirent has reduced contact center call volume while better serving its customers. Each time a customer uses the knowledge base, they find answers faster than by calling, and it saves Spirent an average of US$210 per call?which is significant when multiplied across the thousands of calls received monthly. Oracle Knowledge also helps support engineers find answers more quickly, enabling the company to scale without adding additional support engineers. Oracle Knowledge is integrated with Spirent's Siebel Contact Center implementation to provide an integrated desktop for CRM and agent intelligence, avoiding the need for contact center personnel to toggle between various screens to address customer inquiries, thereby accelerating customer service. Click here to learn more about Sprient's use of Siebel CRM and Oracle Knowledge Management.

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• Have unit test generators helped you when working with legacy code?

  - by Duncan Bayne

  I am looking at a small (~70kLOC including generated) C# (.NET 4.0, some Silverlight) code-base that has very low test coverage. The code itself works in that it has passed user acceptance testing, but it is brittle and in some areas not very well factored. I would like to add solid unit test coverage around the legacy code using the usual suspects (NMock, NUnit, StatLight for the Silverlight bits). My normal approach is to start working through the project, unit testing & refactoring, until I am satisfied with the state of the code. I've done this many times in the past, and it's worked well. However, this time I'm thinking of using a test generator (in particular Pex) to create the test framework, then manually fleshing it out. My question is: have you used unit test generators in the past when commencing work on a legacy codebase, and if so, would you recommend them? My fear is that the generated tests will miss the semantic nuances of the code-base, leading to the dreaded situation of having tests for the sake of the coverage metric, rather than tests which clearly express the intended behaviour in code.

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• Formal definition for term "pure OO language"?

  - by Yauhen Yakimovich

  I can't think of a better place among SO siblings to pose such a question. Originally I wanted to ask "Is python a pure OO language?" but considering troubles and some sort of discomfort people experience while trying to define the term I decided to start with obtaining a clear definition for the term itself. It would be rather fair to start with correspondence by Dr. Alan Kay, who has coined the term (note the inspiration in biological analogy to cells or other living objects). There are following ways to approach the task: Give a comparative analysis by listing programming languages that exhibits certain properties unique and sufficient to define the term (although Smalltalk and Java are passing examples but IMO this way seems neither really complete or nor fruitful) Give a formal definition (or close to it, e.g. in more academic or mathematical style). Give a philosophical definition that would totally rely on semantical context of concrete language or a priori programming experience (there must be some chance of successful explanation by the community). My current version: "If a certain programing (formal) language that can (grammatically) differentiate between operations and operands as well as infer about the type of each operand whether this type is an object (in sense of OOP) or not then we call such a language an OO-language as long as there is at least one type in this language which is an object. Finally, if all types of the language are also objects we define such language to be pure OO-language." Would appreciate any possible improvement of it. As you can see I just made the definition dependent on the term "object" (often fully referenced as class of objects).

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• Reading Open Source Projects

  - by Hossein

  About my programming knowledge: I have basic knowledge of programming. Have never worked in a team project. Have done, only, a couple of small solo projects. Problem: Consider a typical open source project. We want to know about the project, so that we can contribute, test it, just out of curiosity, etc. The documentations do not describe the code architecture, usually, so RTFM(!) wouldn't apply here. They usually tend to describe how to use the software, not how it is designed. Mailing Lists in big projects are very crowded. Tens of e-mails are send in just an hour. also, following the mailing list to know the project is like understanding a film when you have arrived late, when half of the film is gone or even worse. Obviously, the code is not like a novel. So, you can't start from downloading the source code and just "start from the first page and so on"! Question: How should one understand open source project? What are the steps to do in an open source project, to understand how the whole thing works and get into speed with the "under the hood"?

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• What the Hekaton?

  - by Tony Davis

  Hekaton, the power behind SQL Server 2014′s In-Memory OLTP technology, is intended to make data operations run orders of magnitude faster on SQL Server. This works its magic partly by serving database workloads entirely from main memory, using memory-optimized table structures. It replaces the relational engine’s standard locking model with an optimistic concurrency model based on time-stamped row versions. Deeper down the Hekaton engine uses new, ‘latch free’ data structures. So far, so good, but performance improvements on this scale require a compromise, and the compromise is that these aren’t tables as we understand them. For the database developer, these differences are painful because they involve sacrificing some very important bits of the relational model. Most importantly, Hekaton tables don’t currently support FOREIGN KEY constraints or CHECK constraints, and you can’t put the checks in triggers because there aren’t any DML triggers either. Constraints allow a relational designer to enforce relational integrity and data integrity. Without them, of course, ‘bad data’ can get into our Hekaton tables. There is no easy way of preventing it. For several classes of database and data, this is a show-stopper. One may regard all these restrictions regretfully, seeing limited opportunity to try out Hekaton with current databases, but perhaps there is also a sudden glow of recognition. Isn’t this how we all originally imagined table variables were going to be, back in SQL 2005? And they have much the same restrictions. Maybe, instead of pretending that a currently-designed database can be ‘Hekatonized’ with a few mouse clicks, we should redesign databases for SQL 2014 to replace table variables with Hekaton tables, exploiting this technology for fast intermediate processing, and for the most part forget, for now, the idea of trying to convert our base relational tables into Hekaton tables. Few database developers would be averse to having their working tables running an order of magnitude faster, as long as it didn’t compromise the integrity of the data in the base tables.

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• Why does apt-get install Skype easily while aptitude complains about MAJOR dependency errors?

  - by Prateek

  I was trying to install Skype on Ubuntu 13.04, from the Canonical repositories. With apt-get it worked easily, while aptitude had a huge problem with dependencies and proposed a complicated solution. Why is this so? Why doesn't aptitude offer whatever apt-get does as a potential solution? Here is the output of both: apt-get install skype: Reading package lists... Building dependency tree... Reading state information... The following extra packages will be installed: gcc-4.7-base:i386 libasound2 libasound2:i386 libasound2-plugins:i386 libasyncns0:i386 libaudio2:i386 libavahi-client3:i386 libavahi-common-data:i386 libavahi-common3:i386 libc6:i386 libcomerr2:i386 libcups2:i386 libdbus-1-3 libdbus-1-3:i386 libdbusmenu-qt2:i386 libdrm-intel1 libdrm-intel1:i386 libdrm-nouveau2 libdrm-nouveau2:i386 libdrm-radeon1 libdrm-radeon1:i386 libdrm2 libdrm2:i386 libexpat1:i386 libffi6:i386 libflac8:i386 libfontconfig1:i386 libfreetype6:i386 libgcc1:i386 libgcrypt11 libgcrypt11:i386 libgl1-mesa-dri libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 libglapi-mesa:i386 libglib2.0-0:i386 libgnutls26 libgnutls26:i386 libgpg-error0:i386 libgssapi-krb5-2:i386 libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0:i386 libgstreamer0.10-0:i386 libice6:i386 libjack-jackd2-0:i386 libjbig0:i386 libjpeg-turbo8:i386 libjpeg8:i386 libjson0:i386 libk5crypto3:i386 libkeyutils1:i386 libkrb5-3:i386 libkrb5support0:i386 liblcms1:i386 libllvm3.2:i386 liblzma5:i386 libmng1:i386 libmysqlclient18:i386 libogg0:i386 liborc-0.4-0:i386 libp11-kit0:i386 libpciaccess0:i386 libpcre3:i386 libpng12-0:i386 libpulse0:i386 libqt4-dbus libqt4-dbus:i386 libqt4-declarative libqt4-declarative:i386 libqt4-designer libqt4-help libqt4-network libqt4-network:i386 libqt4-opengl libqt4-opengl:i386 libqt4-script libqt4-script:i386 libqt4-scripttools libqt4-sql libqt4-sql:i386 libqt4-sql-mysql:i386 libqt4-sql-sqlite libqt4-svg libqt4-test libqt4-xml libqt4-xml:i386 libqt4-xmlpatterns libqt4-xmlpatterns:i386 libqtcore4 libqtcore4:i386 libqtgui4 libqtgui4:i386 libqtwebkit4:i386 libsamplerate0:i386 libselinux1:i386 libsm6:i386 libsndfile1:i386 libspeexdsp1:i386 libsqlite3-0:i386 libssl1.0.0 libssl1.0.0:i386 libstdc++6:i386 libtasn1-3:i386 libtiff5 libtiff5:i386 libtxc-dxtn-s2tc0:i386 libuuid1:i386 libvorbis0a:i386 libvorbisenc2:i386 libwrap0:i386 libx11-6 libx11-6:i386 libx11-xcb1 libx11-xcb1:i386 libxau6:i386 libxcb-dri2-0 libxcb-dri2-0:i386 libxcb-glx0 libxcb-glx0:i386 libxcb1 libxcb1:i386 libxdamage1:i386 libxdmcp6:i386 libxext6 libxext6:i386 libxfixes3 libxfixes3:i386 libxi6 libxi6:i386 libxml2 libxml2:i386 libxrender1 libxrender1:i386 libxslt1.1:i386 libxss1:i386 libxt6 libxt6:i386 libxv1 libxv1:i386 libxxf86vm1 libxxf86vm1:i386 mysql-common qdbus skype-bin:i386 sni-qt:i386 zlib1g:i386 Suggested packages: nas:i386 glibc-doc:i386 locales:i386 rng-tools rng-tools:i386 libglide3 libglide3:i386 gnutls-bin gnutls-bin:i386 krb5-doc:i386 krb5-user:i386 libvisual-0.4-plugins:i386 gstreamer-codec-install:i386 gnome-codec-install:i386 gstreamer0.10-tools:i386 gstreamer0.10-plugins-base:i386 jackd2:i386 liblcms-utils:i386 pulseaudio:i386 libqt4-declarative-folderlistmodel libqt4-declarative-gestures libqt4-declarative-particles libqt4-declarative-shaders qt4-qmlviewer libqt4-declarative-folderlistmodel:i386 libqt4-declarative-gestures:i386 libqt4-declarative-particles:i386 libqt4-declarative-shaders:i386 qt4-qmlviewer:i386 libqt4-dev libqt4-dev:i386 libthai0:i386 libicu48:i386 qt4-qtconfig qt4-qtconfig:i386 Recommended packages: libtxc-dxtn0:i386 xml-core:i386 The following NEW packages will be installed gcc-4.7-base:i386 libasound2:i386 libasound2-plugins:i386 libasyncns0:i386 libaudio2:i386 libavahi-client3:i386 libavahi-common-data:i386 libavahi-common3:i386 libc6:i386 libcomerr2:i386 libcups2:i386 libdbus-1-3:i386 libdbusmenu-qt2:i386 libdrm-intel1:i386 libdrm-nouveau2:i386 libdrm-radeon1:i386 libdrm2:i386 libexpat1:i386 libffi6:i386 libflac8:i386 libfontconfig1:i386 libfreetype6:i386 libgcc1:i386 libgcrypt11:i386 libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386 libglapi-mesa:i386 libglib2.0-0:i386 libgnutls26:i386 libgpg-error0:i386 libgssapi-krb5-2:i386 libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0:i386 libgstreamer0.10-0:i386 libice6:i386 libjack-jackd2-0:i386 libjbig0:i386 libjpeg-turbo8:i386 libjpeg8:i386 libjson0:i386 libk5crypto3:i386 libkeyutils1:i386 libkrb5-3:i386 libkrb5support0:i386 liblcms1:i386 libllvm3.2:i386 liblzma5:i386 libmng1:i386 libmysqlclient18:i386 libogg0:i386 liborc-0.4-0:i386 libp11-kit0:i386 libpciaccess0:i386 libpcre3:i386 libpng12-0:i386 libpulse0:i386 libqt4-dbus:i386 libqt4-declarative:i386 libqt4-network:i386 libqt4-opengl:i386 libqt4-script:i386 libqt4-sql:i386 libqt4-sql-mysql:i386 libqt4-xml:i386 libqt4-xmlpatterns:i386 libqtcore4:i386 libqtgui4:i386 libqtwebkit4:i386 libsamplerate0:i386 libselinux1:i386 libsm6:i386 libsndfile1:i386 libspeexdsp1:i386 libsqlite3-0:i386 libssl1.0.0:i386 libstdc++6:i386 libtasn1-3:i386 libtiff5:i386 libtxc-dxtn-s2tc0:i386 libuuid1:i386 libvorbis0a:i386 libvorbisenc2:i386 libwrap0:i386 libx11-6:i386 libx11-xcb1:i386 libxau6:i386 libxcb-dri2-0:i386 libxcb-glx0:i386 libxcb1:i386 libxdamage1:i386 libxdmcp6:i386 libxext6:i386 libxfixes3:i386 libxi6:i386 libxml2:i386 libxrender1:i386 libxslt1.1:i386 libxss1:i386 libxt6:i386 libxv1:i386 libxxf86vm1:i386 mysql-common skype skype-bin:i386 sni-qt:i386 zlib1g:i386 The following packages will be upgraded: libasound2 libdbus-1-3 libdrm-intel1 libdrm-nouveau2 libdrm-radeon1 libdrm2 libgcrypt11 libgl1-mesa-dri libgnutls26 libqt4-dbus libqt4-declarative libqt4-designer libqt4-help libqt4-network libqt4-opengl libqt4-script libqt4-scripttools libqt4-sql libqt4-sql-sqlite libqt4-svg libqt4-test libqt4-xml libqt4-xmlpatterns libqtcore4 libqtgui4 libssl1.0.0 libtiff5 libx11-6 libx11-xcb1 libxcb-dri2-0 libxcb-glx0 libxcb1 libxext6 libxfixes3 libxi6 libxml2 libxrender1 libxt6 libxv1 libxxf86vm1 qdbus 41 upgraded, 105 newly installed, 0 to remove and 138 not upgraded. Need to get 85.9 MB/89.2 MB of archives. After this operation, 204 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? aptitude install skype: Reading package lists... Building dependency tree... Reading state information... Reading extended state information... Initialising package states... The following NEW packages will be installed: gcc-4.7-base:i386{a} libasound2:i386{a} libasound2-plugins:i386{a} libasyncns0:i386{a} libaudio2:i386{a} libavahi-client3:i386{a} libavahi-common-data:i386{a} libavahi-common3:i386{a} libc6:i386{a} libcomerr2:i386{a} libcups2:i386{a} libdbus-1-3:i386{a} libdbusmenu-qt2:i386{a} libdrm-intel1:i386{a} libdrm-nouveau2:i386{a} libdrm-radeon1:i386{a} libdrm2:i386{a} libexpat1:i386{a} libffi6:i386{a} libflac8:i386{a} libfontconfig1:i386{a} libfreetype6:i386{a} libgcc1:i386{a} libgcrypt11:i386{a} libgl1-mesa-dri:i386{a} libgl1-mesa-glx:i386{a} libglapi-mesa:i386{a} libglib2.0-0:i386{a} libgnutls26:i386{a} libgpg-error0:i386{a} libgssapi-krb5-2:i386{a} libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0:i386{a} libgstreamer0.10-0:i386{a} libice6:i386{a} libjack-jackd2-0:i386{a} libjbig0:i386{a} libjpeg-turbo8:i386{a} libjpeg8:i386{a} libjson0:i386{a} libk5crypto3:i386{a} libkeyutils1:i386{a} libkrb5-3:i386{a} libkrb5support0:i386{a} liblcms1:i386{a} libllvm3.2:i386{a} liblzma5:i386{a} libmng1:i386{a} libmysqlclient18:i386{a} libogg0:i386{a} liborc-0.4-0:i386{a} libp11-kit0:i386{a} libpciaccess0:i386{a} libpcre3:i386{a} libpng12-0:i386{a} libpulse0:i386{a} libqt4-dbus:i386{a} libqt4-declarative:i386{a} libqt4-network:i386{a} libqt4-opengl:i386{a} libqt4-script:i386{a} libqt4-sql:i386{a} libqt4-sql-mysql:i386{a} libqt4-xml:i386{a} libqt4-xmlpatterns:i386{a} libqtcore4:i386{a} libqtgui4:i386{a} libqtwebkit4:i386{a} libsamplerate0:i386{a} libselinux1:i386{a} libsm6:i386{a} libsndfile1:i386{a} libspeexdsp1:i386{a} libsqlite3-0:i386{a} libssl1.0.0:i386{a} libstdc++6:i386{a} libtasn1-3:i386{a} libtiff5:i386{a} libtxc-dxtn-s2tc0:i386{a} libuuid1:i386{a} libvorbis0a:i386{a} libvorbisenc2:i386{a} libwrap0:i386{a} libx11-6:i386{a} libx11-xcb1:i386{a} libxau6:i386{a} libxcb-dri2-0:i386{a} libxcb-glx0:i386{a} libxcb1:i386{a} libxdamage1:i386{a} libxdmcp6:i386{a} libxext6:i386{a} libxfixes3:i386{a} libxi6:i386{a} libxml2:i386{a} libxrender1:i386{a} libxslt1.1:i386{a} libxss1:i386{a} libxt6:i386{a} libxv1:i386{a} libxxf86vm1:i386{a} mysql-common{a} skype skype-bin:i386{a} sni-qt:i386{a} zlib1g:i386{a} The following packages will be upgraded: libasound2 libdbus-1-3 libdrm-intel1 libdrm-nouveau2 libdrm-radeon1 libdrm2 libgcrypt11 libgl1-mesa-dri libgnutls26 libqt4-dbus libqt4-declarative libqt4-network libqt4-opengl libqt4-script libqt4-sql libqt4-xml libqt4-xmlpatterns libqtcore4 libqtgui4 libssl1.0.0 libtiff5 libx11-6 libx11-xcb1 libxcb-dri2-0 libxcb-glx0 libxcb1 libxext6 libxfixes3 libxi6 libxml2 libxrender1 libxt6 libxv1 libxxf86vm1 qdbus 35 packages upgraded, 105 newly installed, 0 to remove and 144 not upgraded. Need to get 81.7 MB/85.0 MB of archives. After unpacking 204 MB will be used. The following packages have unmet dependencies: libqt4-test : Depends: libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9) but 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 is to be installed. libqt4-designer : Depends: libqt4-script (= 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9) but 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 is to be installed. Depends: libqt4-xml (= 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9) but 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 is to be installed. Depends: libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9) but 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 is to be installed. Depends: libqtgui4 (= 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9) but 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 is to be installed. libqt4-sql-sqlite : Depends: libqt4-sql (= 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9) but 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 is to be installed. Depends: libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9) but 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 is to be installed. libqt4-help : Depends: libqt4-network (= 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9) but 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 is to be installed. Depends: libqt4-sql (= 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9) but 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 is to be installed. Depends: libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9) but 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 is to be installed. Depends: libqtgui4 (= 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9) but 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 is to be installed. libqt4-svg : Depends: libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9) but 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 is to be installed. Depends: libqtgui4 (= 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9) but 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 is to be installed. libqt4-scripttools : Depends: libqt4-script (= 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9) but 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 is to be installed. Depends: libqtcore4 (= 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9) but 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 is to be installed. Depends: libqtgui4 (= 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9) but 4:4.8.4+dfsg-0ubuntu9.2 is to be installed. The following actions will resolve these dependencies: Remove the following packages: 1) account-plugin-aim 2) account-plugin-facebook 3) account-plugin-flickr 4) account-plugin-generic-oauth 5) account-plugin-google 6) account-plugin-jabber 7) account-plugin-salut 8) account-plugin-twitter 9) account-plugin-windows-live 10) account-plugin-yahoo 11) empathy 12) friends 13) friends-dispatcher 14) friends-facebook 15) friends-twitter 16) gir1.2-signon-1.0 17) gnome-control-center-signon 18) libaccount-plugin-1.0-0 19) libfriends0 20) libqt4-designer 21) libqt4-help 22) libqt4-scripttools 23) libqt4-sql-sqlite 24) libqt4-svg 25) libqt4-test 26) libsignon-glib1 27) mcp-account-manager-uoa 28) nautilus-sendto-empathy 29) python-qt4 30) shotwell 31) signon-plugin-oauth2 32) signon-plugin-password 33) signon-ui 34) signond 35) ubuntu-sso-client-qt 36) ubuntuone-control-panel-qt 37) unity-lens-friends 38) unity-lens-photos 39) unity-scope-gdrive 40) webaccounts-extension-common 41) xul-ext-webaccounts Leave the following dependencies unresolved: 42) mcp-account-manager-uoa recommends gnome-control-center-signon 43) mcp-account-manager-uoa recommends account-plugin-aim 44) mcp-account-manager-uoa recommends account-plugin-jabber 45) mcp-account-manager-uoa recommends account-plugin-google 46) mcp-account-manager-uoa recommends account-plugin-facebook 47) mcp-account-manager-uoa recommends account-plugin-windows-live 48) mcp-account-manager-uoa recommends account-plugin-yahoo 49) mcp-account-manager-uoa recommends account-plugin-salut 50) ubuntu-desktop recommends empathy 51) ubuntu-desktop recommends libqt4-sql-sqlite 52) ubuntu-desktop recommends shotwell 53) ubuntu-desktop recommends ubuntuone-control-panel-qt 54) ubuntu-desktop recommends xul-ext-webaccounts 55) unity recommends unity-lens-photos 56) unity recommends unity-lens-friends 57) unity-lens-files recommends unity-scope-gdrive 58) libqt4-sql recommends libqt4-sql-mysql | libqt4-sql-odbc | libqt4-sql-ps Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] And in case this helps, aptitude show skype: Package: skype State: not installed Version: 4.2.0.11-0ubuntu0.12.04.2 Priority: extra Section: net Maintainer: Steve Langasek <[email protected]> Architecture: amd64 Uncompressed Size: 62.5 k Depends: skype-bin Conflicts: skype Description: client for Skype VOIP and instant messaging service Skype is software that enables the world's conversations. Millions of individuals and businesses use Skype to make free video and voice calls, send instant messages and share files with other Skype users. Every day, people also use Skype to make low-cost calls to landlines and mobiles. * Make free Skype-to-Skype calls to anyone else, anywhere in the world. * Call to landlines and mobiles at great rates. * Group chat with up to 200 people or conference call with up to 25 others. * Free to download.

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• Self-referencing anonymous closures: is JavaScript incomplete?

  - by Tom Auger

  Does the fact that anonymous self-referencing function closures are so prevelant in JavaScript suggest that JavaScript is an incomplete specification? We see so much of this: (function () { /* do cool stuff */ })(); and I suppose everything is a matter of taste, but does this not look like a kludge, when all you want is a private namespace? Couldn't JavaScript implement packages and proper classes? Compare to ActionScript 3, also based on EMACScript, where you get package com.tomauger { import bar; class Foo { public function Foo(){ // etc... } public function show(){ // show stuff } public function hide(){ // hide stuff } // etc... } } Contrast to the convolutions we perform in JavaScript (this, from the jQuery plugin authoring documentation): (function( $ ){ var methods = { init : function( options ) { // THIS }, show : function( ) { // IS }, hide : function( ) { // GOOD }, update : function( content ) { // !!! } }; $.fn.tooltip = function( method ) { // Method calling logic if ( methods[method] ) { return methods[ method ].apply( this, Array.prototype.slice.call( arguments, 1 )); } else if ( typeof method === 'object' || ! method ) { return methods.init.apply( this, arguments ); } else { $.error( 'Method ' + method + ' does not exist on jQuery.tooltip' ); } }; })( jQuery ); I appreciate that this question could easily degenerate into a rant about preferences and programming styles, but I'm actually very curious to hear how you seasoned programmers feel about this and whether it feels natural, like learning different idiosyncrasies of a new language, or kludgy, like a workaround to some basic programming language components that are just not implemented?

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