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• AIX: iscsi volumes disappear after reboot

  - by Dan

  We have an IBM P505 AIX box, with two internal disks and a defined iSCSI volume. The iSCSI volume is defined in it's own volume group, and is connected to an IBM iSCSI DS3300 disk array via the secondary onboard ethernet port (ie, we're not using a dedicated HBA, we're using the second onboard ethernet port for iSCSI exclusively.) When we reboot the AIX box, the iSCSI volume doesn't get mounted (which is fine; I've figured out that it fails to mount because AIX tries mounting it's volumes before starting the networking stack.) The problem is, after the server has booted it fails to redetect the iSCSI target as a physical disk. This means the volume group (iscsivg) can't go online. if I run cfgmgr -v to redetect the iscsi volume it successfully detects the iscsi target volume and creates a physical volume reference, but allocates it a different volume ID to what was defined before. eg - rootvg contains hdisk 0 and 1 iscsivg was originally defined with hdisk2 as the physical iSCSI volume. after reboot and running cfgmgr -v, AIX detects physical volumes hdisk0, hdisk11 and hdisk3. As there's no hdisk2, I can't varyon the iscsivg volume group. I can't seem any existing hdisk2 definition in the ODM. I can't easily add or change the definition of the physcial disk in the iscsivg volume group as it won't "varyon". Exporting the volume group deletes it completely, recreating the volume group by "importing" it from the reallocated disk makes it available again, but surely there's a better way? Can I force a specific hdisk drive designation for an iscsi target? How do you bring online iSCSI volumes after a reboot? I assume this "just works" with a dedicated HBA instead of a generic ethernet adapter? By the way, the iSCSI volume works fine once it's mounted; we only have problems getting it working - and only with AIX. The iSCSI array works fine with our Linux and Windows servers; ie the volumes get detected and remounted after boot time without any problems, using generic ethernet adapters. Here's some of the config from the AIX box: defined disks / devices: # lsdev hdisk0 Available 06-08-01-5,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI Disk Drive hdisk1 Available 06-08-01-8,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI Disk Drive hdisk3 Available Other iSCSI Disk Drive iscsi0 Available iSCSI Protocol Device scsi0 Available 06-08-00 PCI-X Dual Channel Ultra320 SCSI Adapter bus scsi1 Available 06-08-01 PCI-X Dual Channel Ultra320 SCSI Adapter bus ses0 Available 06-08-01-15,0 SCSI Enclosure Services Device sisscsia0 Available 06-08 PCI-X Dual Channel Ultra320 SCSI Adapter iscsi target definition in /etc/iscsi/targets: # IBM DS3300 disk array # port 1 on second controller 10.10.xx.xxx 3260 iqn.1992-01.com.lsi:1535.600a0b80005b0a7fxxxxxxxxxxxx physical volumes (after reimporting the volume group) # lspv hdisk0 0003b08a0d4936b6 rootvg active hdisk1 0003b08aaa5cb366 rootvg active hdisk3 0003b08a032d04bb iscsivg active

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• SWFObject and IE6 causing hair-pulling agony

  - by Piet

  I recently used SWFObject to display a flash header on a website. I chose SWFObject because: Instead of displaying an annoying ‘Install flash now’ message, it claims to be able to show alternate content. In this case: the original header image. It claims to be compatible with more or less every browser out there. Implementation went fine, until someone tested it on IE6 and got the following error: Internet explorer cannot open the Internet site http://www….. Operation aborted Which basically means that the site just can’t be visited with IE6 (still used a lot in business environments), it even seems as if there’s something wrong with your internet connection. Now, since about 10% of visitors to this site are still using IE6 (why does everyone still use Internet Explorer ???? Do YOU know that these days most people do NOT use Internet Explorer anymore ?) Now after some googling, I found the suggestion to defer loading of the SWFObject.js as follows: <script type="text/javascript" defer=”defer” src=”http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/swfobject/2.2/swfobject.js” </script> <script type=”text/javascript” defer=”defer” swfobject.registerObject(”myId”, “9″, “”); </script> What this does according to W3C: When set, this boolean attribute provides a hint to the user agent that the script is not going to generate any document content (e.g., no “document.write” in javascript) and thus, the user agent can continue parsing and rendering. I don’t know exactly why, but: HURRAY! It works now!!! Only… IE6 and IE7 (didn’t try IE8) now gave the following error: Line: 19 Char: 1 Error: ’swfobject’ is undefined Code: 0 URL: http://www… But the flash was still running fine. Still, such an error isn’t clean, especially since almost half of the site’s visitors are using one of these Internet Explorer versions. Now, wanting a quick fix I decided to do the following: <script type="text/javascript" defer="defer" if (typeof(swfobject) != "undefined") swfobject.registerObject("myId", "9", ""); </script> I admit this is a bit of a weird ‘fix’. You’d suspect the flash to stop working on IE6/IE7, which it doesn’t. Not planning on diving into it’s inner bowels, I regard this a ‘mission accomplished’ until someone somewhere posts a better solution (for which I setup some Google alerts). Do you have a better solution? What would be the impact on the webdev economy (or your life) if all browsers were compatible? Addendum Because the above turned out not to work with the new Firefox 3.5.3 (strangely, was OK with 3.5.2 when I tested it) I decided to cut the crap and use the ‘Dynamic Publishing’ way. Ok, so it won’t work for people who have javascript disabled, but who on earth would have flash installed AND javascript disabled? To avoid the IE6 error with the ‘Dynamic Publishing’ way, I call swfobject.embedSWF right after the div that will be replaced with the flash content. Calling swfobject.embedSWF in the <head> would otherwise give me the above error in IE6 again.

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• July, the 31 Days of SQL Server DMO’s – Day 22 (sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats)

  - by Tamarick Hill

  The sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats Dynamic Management Function is used to return information about the fragmentation levels, page counts, depth, number of levels, record counts, etc. about the indexes on your database instance. One row is returned for each level in a given index, which we will discuss more later. The function takes a total of 5 input parameters which are (1) database_id, (2) object_id, (3) index_id, (4) partition_number, and (5) the mode of the scan level that you would like to run. Let’s use this function with our AdventureWorks2012 database to better illustrate the information it provides. SELECT * FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(db_id('AdventureWorks2012'), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL) As you can see from the result set, there is a lot of beneficial information returned from this DMF. The first couple of columns in the result set (database_id, object_id, index_id, partition_number, index_type_desc, alloc_unit_type_desc) are either self-explanatory or have been explained in our previous blog sessions so I will not go into detail about these at this time. The next column in the result set is the index_depth which represents how deep the index goes. For example, If we have a large index that contains 1 root page, 3 intermediate levels, and 1 leaf level, our index depth would be 5. The next column is the index_level which refers to what level (of the depth) a particular row is referring to. Next is probably one of the most beneficial columns in this result set, which is the avg_fragmentation_in_percent. This column shows you how fragmented a particular level of an index may be. Many people use this column within their index maintenance jobs to dynamically determine whether they should do REORG’s or full REBUILD’s of a given index. The fragment count represents the number of fragments in a leaf level while the avg_fragment_size_in_pages represents the number of pages in a fragment. The page_count column tells you how many pages are in a particular index level. From my result set above, you see the the remaining columns all have NULL values. This is because I did not specify a ‘mode’ in my query and as a result it used the ‘LIMITED’ mode by default. The LIMITED mode is meant to be lightweight so it does collect information for every column in the result set. I will re-run my query again using the ‘DETAILED’ mode and you will see we now have results for these rows. SELECT * FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(db_id('AdventureWorks2012'), NULL, NULL, NULL, ‘DETAILED’)   From the remaining columns, you see we get even more detailed information such as how many records are in a particular index level (record_count). We have a column for ghost_record_count which represents the number of records that have been marked for deletion, but have not physically been removed by the background ghost cleanup process. We later see information on the MIN, MAX, and AVG record size in bytes. The forwarded_record_count column refers to records that have been updated and now no longer fit within the row on the page anymore and thus have to be moved. A forwarded record is left in the original location with a pointer to the new location. The last column in the result set is the compressed_page_count column which tells you how many pages in your index have been compressed. This is a very powerful DMF that returns good information about the current indexes in your system. However, based on the mode you select, it could be a very resource intensive function so be careful with how you use it. For more information on this Dynamic Management Function, please see the below Books Online link: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms188917.aspx Follow me on Twitter @PrimeTimeDBA

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• Must partprobe before using drive?

  - by Jeff Welling

  This is a followup question to Cannot mount /dev/sdc1 on Debian 5.0, special device /dev/sdc1 doesn't exist Basically, I have 6 SATA hard drives in a machine and I'm trying to create a RAID6 array with them. When I try to run the mdadm command to create (with the verbose option) a raid array, I see messages like "mdadm: super1.x cannot open /dev/sdf1: No such device or address" which are resolved by doing partprobe /dev/sdf and then re-running the mdadm command. The problem is that I have to run partprobe after each reboot, and from experience I don't think this is normal behaviour -- on no other linux machine do I have to partprobe the device before I can use it. Something must be going wrong, but how do I troubleshoot this to find out what? Could this be caused by a hardware problem? Edit: Additional note - before I seemed to only have this problem with one drive, but now I'm having it with 3 drives.

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• Disable comments / Spam protection

  - by SamIAm

  My client site is built in Silverstripe, there is a news page, and it allows people to leave comments. Unfortunately we've got loads of spam emails. I'm new to this, is there any way we can disable the comment field by default? How do I do it? Alternatively is there easy way for me to install a spam protection? Thanks heaps. Sam Update - Because this is someone else's code, I just realised that they have some sort of spam protection already, so we are trying to disable comments now. I have manage to set no comment as default by changing file BlogEntry.php static $defaults = array( "ProvideComments" => true, 'ShowInMenus' => false ); to static $defaults = array( "ProvideComments" => false, //changed 'ShowInMenus' => false ); Am I on the right track to disable comments by default? Also how can I stop on the news page showing xxx comments link? eg Test Posted by Admin on 21 June 2011 | 3 Comments Tags: P This is a test.... 3 comments | Read the full post Thanks. S:)

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• amazon dynamoDB or MySQL for storing large arrays inside each row

  - by Logan Besecker

  I am trying to decide which database I should use for an application I'm making. I was leaning toward dynamoDB because of its scalability, but then I read in the documentation which said: there is a limit of 64 KB on the item size although it looks like MySQL has a similar restriction documented here This application will be storing a lot of data in two arrays, which could contain upwards of 10,000-100,000 strings in each. I estimate that these strings will each be somewhere around 20 characters long, so each element of the array will be around 40bytes and each array could be around 4MB. Given this predicament, what database on amazon AWS would you use; or how would you get around the limit of size per row? Thanks in advance, Logan Besecker

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• LSI RAID-on-chip with RAID6 over two SAS links goes red when HDD enclosure is powered cycled; how to recover?

  - by GregC

  I have a RAID6 array managed by LSI 9286-8e card. I also have Sans Digital 24-bay NexentaSTOR JBOD enclosure with SAS extender built-in. They are connected to separate UPS devices. Normally, I'd shut down the PC, leaving RAID6 in healthy state. But today the power to JBOD enclosure was cut but PC kept running. After restarting the PC, all disks in RAID6 have lit up RED, and the only option in LSI MegaRAID manager app was to reset each disk to unassigned, thereby loosing all data on RAID6 array. Thankfully, I am only testing, but how would I recover if this were to happen in production?

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• Using Table-Valued Parameters With SQL Server Reporting Services

  - by Jesse

  In my last post I talked about using table-valued parameters to pass a list of integer values to a stored procedure without resorting to using comma-delimited strings and parsing out each value into a TABLE variable. In this post I’ll extend the “Customer Transaction Summary” report example to see how we might leverage this same stored procedure from within an SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS) report. I’ve worked with SSRS off and on for the past several years and have generally found it to be a very useful tool for building nice-looking reports for end users quickly and easily. That said, I’ve been frustrated by SSRS from time to time when seemingly simple things are difficult to accomplish or simply not supported at all. I thought that using table-valued parameters from within a SSRS report would be simple, but unfortunately I was wrong. Customer Transaction Summary Example Let’s take the “Customer Transaction Summary” report example from the last post and try to plug that same stored procedure into an SSRS report. Our report will have three parameters: Start Date – beginning of the date range for which the report will summarize customer transactions End Date – end of the date range for which the report will summarize customer transactions Customer Ids – One or more customer Ids representing the customers that will be included in the report The simplest way to get started with this report will be to create a new dataset and point it at our Customer Transaction Summary report stored procedure (note that I’m using SSRS 2012 in the screenshots below, but there should be little to no difference with SSRS 2008): When you initially create this dataset the SSRS designer will try to invoke the stored procedure to determine what the parameters and output fields are for you automatically. As part of this process the following dialog pops-up: Obviously I can’t use this dialog to specify a value for the ‘@customerIds’ parameter since it is of the IntegerListTableType user-defined type that we created in the last post. Unfortunately this really throws the SSRS designer for a loop, and regardless of what combination of Data Type, Pass Null Value, or Parameter Value I used here, I kept getting this error dialog with the message, "Operand type clash: nvarchar is incompatible with IntegerListTableType". This error message makes some sense considering that the nvarchar type is indeed incompatible with the IntegerListTableType, but there’s little clue given as to how to remedy the situation. I don’t know for sure, but I think that behind-the-scenes the SSRS designer is trying to give the @customerIds parameter an nvarchar-typed SqlParameter which is causing the issue. When I first saw this error I figured that this might just be a limitation of the dataset designer and that I’d be able to work around the issue by manually defining the parameters. I know that there are some special steps that need to be taken when invoking a stored procedure with a table-valued parameter from ADO .NET, so I figured that I might be able to use some custom code embedded in the report  to create a SqlParameter instance with the needed properties and value to make this work, but the “Operand type clash" error message persisted. The Text Query Approach Just because we’re using a stored procedure to create the dataset for this report doesn’t mean that we can’t use the ‘Text’ Query Type option and construct an EXEC statement that will invoke the stored procedure. In order for this to work properly the EXEC statement will also need to declare and populate an IntegerListTableType variable to pass into the stored procedure. Before I go any further I want to make one point clear: this is a really ugly hack and it makes me cringe to do it. Simply put, I strongly feel that it should not be this difficult to use a table-valued parameter with SSRS. With that said, let’s take a look at what we’ll have to do to make this work. Manually Define Parameters First, we’ll need to manually define the parameters for report by right-clicking on the ‘Parameters’ folder in the ‘Report Data’ window. We’ll need to define the ‘@startDate’ and ‘@endDate’ as simple date parameters. We’ll also create a parameter called ‘@customerIds’ that will be a mutli-valued Integer parameter: In the ‘Available Values’ tab we’ll point this parameter at a simple dataset that just returns the CustomerId and CustomerName of each row in the Customers table of the database or manually define a handful of Customer Id values to make available when the report runs. Once we have these parameters properly defined we can take another crack at creating the dataset that will invoke the ‘rpt_CustomerTransactionSummary’ stored procedure. This time we’ll choose the ‘Text’ query type option and put the following into the ‘Query’ text area: 1: exec('declare @customerIdList IntegerListTableType ' + @customerIdInserts + 2: ' EXEC rpt_CustomerTransactionSummary 3: @startDate=''' + @startDate + ''', 4: @endDate='''+ @endDate + ''', 5: @customerIds=@customerIdList')   By using the ‘Text’ query type we can enter any arbitrary SQL that we we want to and then use parameters and string concatenation to inject pieces of that query at run time. It can be a bit tricky to parse this out at first glance, but from the SSRS designer’s point of view this query defines three parameters: @customerIdInserts – This will be a Text parameter that we use to define INSERT statements that will populate the @customerIdList variable that is being declared in the SQL. This parameter won’t actually ever get passed into the stored procedure. I’ll go into how this will work in a bit. @startDate – This is a simple date parameter that will get passed through directly into the @startDate parameter of the stored procedure on line 3. @endDate – This is another simple data parameter that will get passed through into the @endDate parameter of the stored procedure on line 4. At this point the dataset designer will be able to correctly parse the query and should even be able to detect the fields that the stored procedure will return without needing to specify any values for query when prompted to. Once the dataset has been correctly defined we’ll have a @customerIdInserts parameter listed in the ‘Parameters’ tab of the dataset designer. We need to define an expression for this parameter that will take the values selected by the user for the ‘@customerIds’ parameter that we defined earlier and convert them into INSERT statements that will populate the @customerIdList variable that we defined in our Text query. In order to do this we’ll need to add some custom code to our report using the ‘Report Properties’ dialog: Any custom code defined in the Report Properties dialog gets embedded into the .rdl of the report itself and (unfortunately) must be written in VB .NET. Note that you can also add references to custom .NET assemblies (which could be written in any language), but that’s outside the scope of this post so we’ll stick with the “quick and dirty” VB .NET approach for now. Here’s the VB .NET code (note that any embedded code that you add here must be defined in a static/shared function, though you can define as many functions as you want): 1: Public Shared Function BuildIntegerListInserts(ByVal variableName As String, ByVal paramValues As Object()) As String 2: Dim insertStatements As New System.Text.StringBuilder() 3: For Each paramValue As Object In paramValues 4: insertStatements.AppendLine(String.Format("INSERT {0} VALUES ({1})", variableName, paramValue)) 5: Next 6: Return insertStatements.ToString() 7: End Function   This method takes a variable name and an array of objects. We use an array of objects here because that is how SSRS will pass us the values that were selected by the user at run-time. The method uses a StringBuilder to construct INSERT statements that will insert each value from the object array into the provided variable name. Once this method has been defined in the custom code for the report we can go back into the dataset designer’s Parameters tab and update the expression for the ‘@customerIdInserts’ parameter by clicking on the button with the “function” symbol that appears to the right of the parameter value. We’ll set the expression to: 1: =Code.BuildIntegerListInserts("@customerIdList ", Parameters!customerIds.Value)   In order to invoke our custom code method we simply need to invoke “Code.<method name>” and pass in any needed parameters. The first parameter needs to match the name of the IntegerListTableType variable that we used in the EXEC statement of our query. The second parameter will come from the Value property of the ‘@customerIds’ parameter (this evaluates to an object array at run time). Finally, we’ll need to edit the properties of the ‘@customerIdInserts’ parameter on the report to mark it as a nullable internal parameter so that users aren’t prompted to provide a value for it when running the report. Limitations And Final Thoughts When I first started looking into the text query approach described above I wondered if there might be an upper limit to the size of the string that can be used to run a report. Obviously, the size of the actual query could increase pretty dramatically if you have a parameter that has a lot of potential values or you need to support several different table-valued parameters in the same query. I tested the example Customer Transaction Summary report with 1000 selected customers without any issue, but your mileage may vary depending on how much data you might need to pass into your query. If you think that the text query hack is a lot of work just to use a table-valued parameter, I agree! I think that it should be a lot easier than this to use a table-valued parameter from within SSRS, but so far I haven’t found a better way. It might be possible to create some custom .NET code that could build the EXEC statement for a given set of parameters automatically, but exploring that will have to wait for another post. For now, unless there’s a really compelling reason or requirement to use table-valued parameters from SSRS reports I would probably stick with the tried and true “join-multi-valued-parameter-to-CSV-and-split-in-the-query” approach for using mutli-valued parameters in a stored procedure.

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• missing files after reassemble of RAID-5

  - by Kris_R

  I had to open my file-server's housing on Sunday to replace a faulty fan. What I didn't see was that one of the sata-cables was not properly connected. The 1st thing I did after a reboot was a check of the RAID status and it showed immediately that one drive is missing. Till this moment the device was not used (however it was mounted, so I'm not 100% sure that system did nothing). I stopped md0 and re-plugged the cable: mdadm --stop /dev/md0 poweroff After another reboot I checked the removed drive: mdadm --examine /dev/sdd1 ... Checksum : 3276bc1d - correct Events : 315782 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 32K Number Major Minor RaidDevice State this 0 8 49 0 active sync /dev/sdd1 0 0 8 49 0 active sync /dev/sdd1 1 1 8 65 1 active sync /dev/sde1 2 2 8 33 2 active sync /dev/sdc1 3 3 8 17 3 active sync /dev/sdb1 I was a bit surprised that it was shown as active (even if earlier mdadm said, that this device was removed from array) and its checksum was OK. I recreated RAID with: mdadm --assemble /dev/md0 --scan The command mdadm --detail /dev/md0 showed that all drives were running and system was in "clean" state. I mounted the device md0 and then came hic-cup. I wanted to work on one of the last files that I had been using before all the situation and it was not there. In another place I missed actually all files from the directory where I was working. As far as I can see most of the files that are older than a few days are intact but some newer ones are missing. Now the big question: what would be your advice? Is there a way to get these data? I thought about removing the drive that was earlier labeled by mdadm and rebuild array with another empty HDD. I've found that after re-assemble the "broken" drive has another label (changed from sdd to sdb). Can this have influence on rebuilt process? If yes, how to reassemble the array properly? I'm sure the SATA-cables are connected still in the same order to the controller. p.s. Please no advises like "restore from backup". I'm doing back-ups on Sunday's night and this happened in the late afternoon, so backup is not really options for me. p.s.s. I asked this question on Unix&Linux but no answer came up during last two days. I'm getting quite anxious. Sorry for duplicating if any of you reading the other forum.

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• What Raid should I use for Website Static Files / Content

  - by Simon

  I'm building a Web server (IIS7) and would like to know the best practice for storing static content and the uploaded files of website's users (predominantly pictures, but also other documents like pdf's). I will keep the operating System on a Raid 1 array. Where should I be keeping the actual website's pages & files, it's own static content, and that of it's users? Should I be placing this content on a seperate raid array, and if so which type? I was considering using SLC SSD's (Such as the Intel's X25-e) but the following issues came to light. Will the SLC SSD's give any improvement over a 2.5" 15k SAS Drive for this type of content? If I did use SSD's, I'm under the belief I would still need to use Raid for redundancy, yet I've heard Intel X25-e's don't support TRIM. Does this scrap them as a legitimate option?

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• Odd MVC 4 Beta Razor Designer Issue

  - by Rick Strahl

  This post is a small cry for help along with an explanation of a problem that is hard to describe on twitter or even a connect bug and written in hopes somebody has seen this before and any ideas on what might cause this. Lots of helpful people had comments on Twitter for me, but they all assumed that the code doesn't run, which is not the case - it's a designer issue. A few days ago I started getting some odd problems in my MVC 4 designer for an app I've been working on for the past 2 weeks. Basically the MVC 4 Razor designer keeps popping me errors, about the call signature to various Html Helper methods being incorrect. It also complains about the ViewBag object and not supporting dynamic requesting to load assemblies into the project. Here's what the designer errors look like: You can see the red error underlines under the ViewBag and an Html Helper I plopped in at the top to demonstrate the behavior. Basically any HtmlHelper I'm accessing is showing the same errors. Note that the code *runs just fine* - it's just the designer that is complaining with Errors. What's odd about this is that *I think* this started only a few days ago and nothing consequential that I can think of has happened to the project or overall installations. These errors aren't critical since the code runs but pretty annoying especially if you're building and have .csHtml files open in Visual Studio mixing these fake errors with real compiler errors. What I've checked Looking at the errors it indeed looks like certain references are missing. I can't make sense of the Html Helpers error, but certainly the ViewBag dynamic error looks like System.Core or Microsoft.CSharp assemblies are missing. Rest assured they are there and the code DOES run just fine at runtime. This is a designer issue only. I went ahead and checked the namespaces that MVC has access to in Razor which lives in the Views folder's web.config file: /Views/web.config For good measure I added <system.web.webPages.razor> <host factoryType="System.Web.Mvc.MvcWebRazorHostFactory, System.Web.Mvc, <split for layout> Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" /> <pages pageBaseType="System.Web.Mvc.WebViewPage"> <namespaces> <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc" /> <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Ajax" /> <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Html" /> <add namespace="System.Web.Routing" /> <add namespace="System.Linq" /> <add namespace="System.Linq.Expressions" /> <add namespace="ClassifiedsBusiness" /> <add namespace="ClassifiedsWeb"/> <add namespace="Westwind.Utilities" /> <add namespace="Westwind.Web" /> <add namespace="Westwind.Web.Mvc" /> </namespaces> </pages> </system.web.webPages.razor> For good measure I added System.Linq and System.Linq.Expression on which some of the Html.xxxxFor() methods rely, but no luck. So, has anybody seen this before? Any ideas on what might be causing these issues only at design time rather, when the final compiled code runs just fine?© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in Razor  MVC   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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• What is a “pretty and proper OO” way for handling sessions and authentication?

  - by asdfqwer

  Is coupling these two concepts a bad approach? As of right now I'm delegating all session handling and whether or not a user desires to logout in my config.inc file. As I was writing my Auth class I started wondering whether or not my Auth class should be taking care of most of the logic in my config.inc. Regardless, I'm sure there's a more elegant way of handling this... Here is what I have in my config.inc (also a large chunk of this code is based on a reply I found on SO except I can't find the source ._.): ini_set('session.name', 'SID'); # session management session_set_cookie_params(24*60*60); // set SID cookie lifetime session_start(); if(isset($_SESSION['LOGOUT']) { session_destroy(); // destroy session data $_SESSION = array(); // destroy session data sanity check setcookie('SID', '', time() - 24*60*60); // destroy session cookie data #header('Location: '.DOCROOT); } elseif(isset($_SESSION['SID_AUTH'])) { // verify user has authenticated if (!isset($_SESSION['SID_CREATED'])) { $_SESSION['SID_CREATED'] = time(); } elseif (time() - $_SESSION['SID_CREATED'] > 6*60*60) { // session started more than 6 hours ago session_regenerate_id(); // reset SID value $_SESSION['SID_CREATED'] = time(); // update creation time } if (isset($_SESSION['SID_MODIFIED']) && (time() - $_SESSION['SID_MODIFIED'] > 12*60*60)) { // last request was more than 12 hours ago session_destroy(); // destroy session data $_SESSION = array(); // destroy session data sanity check setcookie('SID', '', time() - 24*60*60); // destroy session cookie data } $_SESSION['SID_MODIFIED'] = time(); // update last activity time stamp }

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• Is There Anyway to Undo a Quick Initialize from a Perc6/i VD?

  - by Carlo71

  I stupidly fast initialized an existing Raid 5 Array Virtual disk with 10 Virtual Machines after creating a new Raid 5 Array. The VDs switched order on the list of the Perc Controller. My server is a PowerEdge R710 with a Perc 6/i Raid controller running ESXi 5.1. The Bios of the R710 and the Perc 6/i controller are both running the latest firmware. I tried the steps on this article: http://www.caseyfulton.com/dell-perc-6i-fast-initialize-how-to-restore/. However the BartPE just freezes on the Windows XP slapsh page. Does anybody know a full proof method? I have backups of the VMs, however I would like to avoid restoring all of them due to time constraint.

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• Adventures in MVVM &ndash; ViewModel Location and Creation

  - by Brian Genisio's House Of Bilz

  More Adventures in MVVM In this post, I am going to explore how I prefer to attach ViewModels to my Views.  I have published the code to my ViewModelSupport project on CodePlex in case you'd like to see how it works along with some examples.  Some History My approach to View-First ViewModel creation has evolved over time.  I have constructed ViewModels in code-behind.  I have instantiated ViewModels in the resources sectoin of the view. I have used Prism to resolve ViewModels via Dependency Injection. I have created attached properties that use Dependency Injection containers underneath.  Of all these approaches, I continue to find issues either in composability, blendability or maintainability.  Laurent Bugnion came up with a pretty good approach in MVVM Light Toolkit with his ViewModelLocator, but as John Papa points out, it has maintenance issues.  John paired up with Glen Block to make the ViewModelLocator more generic by using MEF to compose ViewModels.  It is a great approach, but I don’t like baking in specific resolution technologies into the ViewModelSupport project. I bring these people up, not to name drop, but to give them credit for the place I finally landed in my journey to resolve ViewModels.  I have come up with my own version of the ViewModelLocator that is both generic and container agnostic.  The solution is blendable, configurable and simple to use.  Use any resolution mechanism you want: MEF, Unity, Ninject, Activator.Create, Lookup Tables, new, whatever. How to use the locator 1. Create a class to contain your resolution configuration: public class YourViewModelResolver: IViewModelResolver { private YourFavoriteContainer container = new YourFavoriteContainer(); public YourViewModelResolver() { // Configure your container } public object Resolve(string viewModelName) { return container.Resolve(viewModelName); } } Examples of doing this are on CodePlex for MEF, Unity and Activator.CreateInstance. 2. Create your ViewModelLocator with your custom resolver in App.xaml: <VMS:ViewModelLocator x:Key="ViewModelLocator"> <VMS:ViewModelLocator.Resolver> <local:YourViewModelResolver /> </VMS:ViewModelLocator.Resolver> </VMS:ViewModelLocator> 3. Hook up your data context whenever you want a ViewModel (WPF): <Border DataContext="{Binding YourViewModelName, Source={StaticResource ViewModelLocator}}"> This example uses dynamic properties on the ViewModelLocator and passes the name to your resolver to figure out how to compose it. 4. What about Silverlight? Good question.  You can't bind to dynamic properties in Silverlight 4 (crossing my fingers for Silverlight 5), but you CAN use string indexing: <Border DataContext="{Binding [YourViewModelName], Source={StaticResource ViewModelLocator}}"> But, as John Papa points out in his article, there is a silly bug in Silverlight 4 (as of this writing) that will call into the indexer 6 times when it binds.  While this is little more than a nuisance when getting most properties, it can be much more of an issue when you are resolving ViewModels six times.  If this gets in your way, the solution (as pointed out by John), is to use an IndexConverter (instantiated in App.xaml and also included in the project): <Border DataContext="{Binding Source={StaticResource ViewModelLocator}, Converter={StaticResource IndexConverter}, ConverterParameter=YourViewModelName}"> It is a bit uglier than the WPF version (this method will also work in WPF if you prefer), but it is still not all that bad.  Conclusion This approach works really well (I suppose I am a bit biased).  It allows for composability from any mechanisim you choose.  It is blendable (consider serving up different objects in Design Mode if you wish... or different constructors… whatever makes sense to you).  It works in Cider.  It is configurable.  It is flexible.  It is the best way I have found to manage View-First ViewModel hookups.  Thanks to the guys mentioned in this article for getting me to something I love using.  Enjoy.

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• What is a good way to store tilemap data?

  - by Stephen Tierney

  I'm developing a 2D platformer with some uni friends. We've based it upon the XNA Platformer Starter Kit which uses .txt files to store the tile map. While this is simple it does not give us enough control and flexibility with level design. Some examples: for multiple layers of content multiple files are required, each object is fixed onto the grid, doesn't allow for rotation of objects, limited number of characters etc. So I'm doing some research into how to store the level data and map file. This concerns only the file system storage of the tile maps, not the data structure to be used by the game while it is running. The tile map is loaded into a 2D array, so this question is about which source to fill the array from. Reasoning for DB: From my perspective I see less redundancy of data using a database to store the tile data. Tiles in the same x,y position with the same characteristics can be reused from level to level. It seems like it would simple enough to write a method to retrieve all the tiles that are used in a particular level from the database. Reasoning for JSON/XML: Visually editable files, changes can be tracked via SVN a lot easier. But there is repeated content. Do either have any drawbacks (load times, access times, memory etc) compared to the other? And what is commonly used in the industry? Currently the file looks like this: .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .........GGG........ .........###........ .................... ....GGG.......GGG... ....###.......###... .................... .1................X. #################### 1 - Player start point, X - Level Exit, . - Empty space, # - Platform, G - Gem

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• Proactive Support Sessions at OUG London and OUG Ireland

  - by THE

  .conf td { width: 350px; border: 1px solid black; background-color: #ffcccc; } table { border: 1px solid black; } tr { border: 0px solid black; } td { border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; } Oracle Proactive Support Technology is proud to announce that two members of its team will be speaking at the UK and Ireland User Group Conferences this year. Maurice and Greg plan to run the following sessions (may be subject to change): Maurice Bauhahn OUG Ireland BI & EPM and Technology Joint SIG Meeting 20 November 2012 BI&EPM SIG event in Ireland (09:00-17:00) and OUG London EPM & Hyperion Conference 2012 Tuesday 23rd to Wednesday 24th Oct 2012 Profit from Oracle Diagnostic Tools Embedded in EPM Oracle bundles in many of its software suites valuable toolsets to collect logs and settings, slice/dice error messages, track performance, and trace activities across services. Become familiar with several enterprise-level diagnostic tools embedded in Enterprise Performance Management (Enterprise Manager Fusion Middleware Control, Remote Diagnostic Agent, Dynamic Monitoring Service, and Oracle Diagnostic Framework). Expedite resolution of Service Requests as you learn to upload output from these tools to My Oracle Support. Who will benefit from attending the session? Geeks will find this most beneficial, but anyone who raises Oracle technical service requests will learn valuable pointers that may speed resolution. The focus is on the EPM stack, but this session will benefit almost everyone who needs to drill deeper into Oracle software environments. What will delegates learn from the session? Delegates who participate in this session will learn: How to access and run Remote Diagnostic Agent, Enterprise Manager Fusion Middleware Control, Dynamic Monitoring Service, and Oracle Diagnostic Framework. How to exploit the strengths of each tool. How to pass the outputs to My Oracle Support. How to restrict exposure of sensitive information. OUG Ireland BI & EPM and Technology Joint SIG Meeting 20 November 2012 BI&EPM SIG event in Ireland (09:00-17:00) and OUG London EPM & Hyperion Conference 2012 Tuesday 23rd to Wednesday 24th Oct 2012 Using EPM-Specific Troubleshooting Tools EPM developers have created a number of EPM-specific tools to collect logs and configuration files, centralize configuration information, and validate a configured installation (Ziplogs, EPM Registry Editor, [Deployment Report, Registry Cleanup Utility, Reset Configuration Tool, EPMSYS Hostname Check] and Validate [EPM System Diagnostic]). Learn how to use these tools on your own or to expedite Service Request resolution. Who will benefit from attending the session? Anyone who monitors Oracle EPM environments or raises service requests will learn valuable lessons that could speed resolution of those requests. Anyone from novices to experts will benefit from this review of custom troubleshooting EPM tools. What will delegates learn from the session? Learn where to locate and start EPM troubleshooting tools created by EPM developers Learn how to collect and upload outputs of EPM troubleshooting tools. Adapt to history of changes in these tools across time and version. Learn how to make critical changes in configurations. Grzegorz Reizer OUG London EPM & Hyperion Conference 2012 Tuesday 23rd to Wednesday 24th Oct 2012 EPM 11.1.2.2: Detailed overview of new features and improvements in Financial Management products. This presentation is a detailed overview of new features and improvements introduced in Enterprise Performance Management 11.1.2.2 for Financial Management products (Hyperion Financial Managment, Hyperion Planning, Financial Close Management). The presentation will cover a number of new product features from recently introduced configurable dimensionality in HFM to new functionality enhancements in Planning. We'll close the session with an overview of upgrade options from earlier product releases.

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• How to set up RAID 1 on Dell PERC S300 With Existing OS Install

  - by Daniel Dugger

  We have a server that is being used in production, but it was not originally meant to. The main thing I want to add to it is a Dell PERC S300 RAID Card to have the main hard drive (Windows Server 2008 R2) mirrored on another hard drive. I can not initialize the disk and wipe the the OS to create the array and then re-install. Is there a way to create the array with a current hard drive, without affecting it, and just mirroring the drive? If that card is not an option, is there a card that would allow that? The server is a Dell PowerEdge T110 II.

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• Implementing a modern web application with Web API on top of old services

  - by Gaui

  My company has many WCF services which may or may not be replaced in the near future. The old web application is written in WebForms and communicates straight with these services via SOAP and returns DataTables. Now I am designing a new modern web application in a modern style, an AngularJS client which communicates with an ASP.NET Web API via JSON. The Web API then communicates with the WCF services via SOAP. In the future I want to let the Web API handle all requests and go straight to the database, but because the business logic implemented in the WCF services is complicated it's going to take some time to rewrite and replace it. Now to the problem: I'm trying to make it easy in the near future to replace the WCF services with some other data storage, e.g. another endpoint, database or whatever. I also want to make it easy to unit test the business logic. That's why I have structured the Web API with a repository layer and a service layer. The repository layer has a straight communication with the data storage (WCF service, database, or whatever) and the service layer then uses the repository (Dependency Injection) to get the data. It doesn't care where it gets the data from. Later on I can be in control and structure the data returned from the data storage (DataTable to POCO) and be able to test the logic in the service layer with some mock repository (using Dependency Injection). Below is some code to explain where I'm going with this. But my question is, does this all make sense? Am I making this overly complicated and could this be simplified in any way possible? Does this simplicity make this too complicated to maintain? My main goal is to make it as easy as possible to switch to another data storage later on, e.g. an ORM and be able to test the logic in the service layer. And because the majority of the business logic is implemented in these WCF services (and they return DataTables), I want to be in control of the data and the structure returned to the client. Any advice is greatly appreciated. Update 20/08/14 I created a repository factory, so services would all share repositories. Now it's easy to mock a repository, add it to the factory and create a provider using that factory. Any advice is much appreciated. I want to know if I'm making things more complicated than they should be. So it looks like this: 1. Repository Factory public class RepositoryFactory { private Dictionary<Type, IServiceRepository> repositories; public RepositoryFactory() { this.repositories = new Dictionary<Type, IServiceRepository>(); } public void AddRepository<T>(IServiceRepository repo) where T : class { if (this.repositories.ContainsKey(typeof(T))) { this.repositories.Remove(typeof(T)); } this.repositories.Add(typeof(T), repo); } public dynamic GetRepository<T>() { if (this.repositories.ContainsKey(typeof(T))) { return this.repositories[typeof(T)]; } throw new RepositoryNotFoundException("No repository found for " + typeof(T).Name); } } I'm not very fond of dynamic but I don't know how to retrieve that repository otherwise. 2. Repository and service // Service repository interface // All repository interfaces extend this public interface IServiceRepository { } // Invoice repository interface // Makes it easy to mock the repository later on public interface IInvoiceServiceRepository : IServiceRepository { List<Invoice> GetInvoices(); } // Invoice repository // Connects to some data storage to retrieve invoices public class InvoiceServiceRepository : IInvoiceServiceRepository { public List<Invoice> GetInvoices() { // Get the invoices from somewhere // This could be a WCF, a database, or whatever using(InvoiceServiceClient proxy = new InvoiceServiceClient()) { return proxy.GetInvoices(); } } } // Invoice service // Service that handles talking to a real or a mock repository public class InvoiceService { // Repository factory RepositoryFactory repoFactory; // Default constructor // Default connects to the real repository public InvoiceService(RepositoryFactory repo) { repoFactory = repo; } // Service function that gets all invoices from some repository (mock or real) public List<Invoice> GetInvoices() { // Query the repository return repoFactory.GetRepository<IInvoiceServiceRepository>().GetInvoices(); } }

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• Excel: count number of unique/distinct row in range with condition

  - by Bertvan

  I have a an excel sheet with: in Col A: week numbers in Col B: dates (timesheet entries) I need to know the number of days worked for each week, so I need to the number of unique date entries per week number. I found formula's (both array as non-array) that handle this for a fixed range, but I want to have the results in another column per week number. So, the result of the added dataset below would be (the colon is just for clarity): 14: 2 15: 3 17: 6 20: 2 21: 3 If this is the source data: 14: 4/04/2012 14: 4/04/2012 15: 10/04/2012 15: 10/04/2012 15: 11/04/2012 17: 26/04/2012 17: 26/04/2012 17: 26/04/2012 17: 26/04/2012 17: 27/04/2012 17: 27/04/2012 20: 14/05/2012 20: 14/05/2012 21: 23/05/2012 21: 23/05/2012 21: 25/05/2012

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• Look up and string operation; fetch a value based on searching a partial string

  - by Sam

  I have 2 sets of data. One set to be filled up by fetching relevant data from a data array. DATA to be FILLED: Part#1 Part#2 ------ ------- 4021006 3808587 3870480 3083410 3873905 3890030 4002065 3699803 3930218 ARRAY OF DATA: Part#1 Part#2 ------ ------- 4021006;3808587 1 3808587 2 3870480;3083410;4002065 3 3083410 34 3873905 54 3890030 32 4002065;3930218 65 3699803 75 3930218 68 I need to match Part#1 and find Part#2. EXPECTED OUTPUT Part#1 Part#2 ------ ------- 4021006 1 3808587 1;2 3870480 3 3083410 3;4 3873905 54 3890030 32 4002065 3;65 3699803 75 3930218 65;68 Can anyone help.

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• Safer RAID5 rebuilds using partially failed disks?

  - by arcticmac

  There have been lots of articles posted recently about how RAID5 is dangerous because of long resilver times, and in particular because of increasing chances of encountering a URE during the resilver. Obviously this is a significant concern. However, it seems that in many cases of interest (as long as you're keeping some kind of eye on your disks), when it comes time to rebuild the array, the disk that I'm replacing is still mostly readable. If you try to explain this predicament to the average layperson, they are typically very confused as to why you have two almost completely functional disks but can't produce one working array. It seems to me that there ought to be some way to take advantage of this to make rebuilds safer, as long as I'm willing to have the RAID5 be read-only for a couple of days while it rebuilds. Conceptually, what I have in mind looks something like this: When a disk fails, immediately take the RAID5 offline or mount it read-only Attach a new disk (either in a spare bay, or externally via eSATA) and begin rebuilding it to replace the failed one. If known, perhaps start with the stripes in which the failure occurred, to minimize the chances of losing those if another disk fails. In the event that a second disk experiences a URE or other failure during the rebuild, try to source that data from the disk that is being replaced. Presumably if this happens, more rebuilding would be necessary. When complete, shut down the server, swap the replacement drive into the original bay if desired, and bring the array back up. Obviously such a process would not be appropriate for applications where uptime is critical or data loss cannot be tolerated, but it seems to me that this could help considerably to improve the reliability of RAID5. I assume that there's not a good way to implement a recovery like this at present, given that I haven't seen any indication of tools that are designed to do this, and that it seems like it would be rather obtuse to work out manually. Are there also technical issues with it that I haven't thought of (I'm still fairly new to RAID stuff)? Any thoughts on how hard something like this would be to implement (e.g. in linux md raid)?

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• Software RAID 10 on Linux

  - by vpetersson

  For a long time, I've been thinking about switching to RAID 10 on a few servers. Now that Ubuntu 10.04 LTS is live, it's time for an upgrade. The servers I'm using are HP Proliant ML115 (very good value). It has four internal 3.5" slots. I'm currently using one drive for the system and a RAID5 array (software) for the remaining three disks. The problem is that this creates a single-point-of-failure on the boot drive. Hence I'd like to switch to a RAID10 array, as it would give me both better I/O performance and more reliability. The problem is only that good controller cards that supports RAID10 (such as 3Ware) cost almost as much as the server itself. Moreover software-RAID10 does not seem to work very well with Grub. What is your advice? Should I just keep running RAID5? Have anyone been able to successfully install a software RAID10 without boot issues?

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• Cannot reinstall MySql in 11.10 - ERROR: There's not enough space in /var/lib/mysql/

  - by Robin McCain

  I've tried it all (removing all the packages associated with MySQL) but keep getting stuff like this: Preconfiguring packages ... (Reading database ... 142196 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking mysql-server-5.1 (from .../mysql-server-5.1_5.1.63-0ubuntu0.11.10.1_amd64.deb) ... ERROR: There's not enough space in /var/lib/mysql/ dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-server-5.1_5.1.63-0ubuntu0.11.10.1_amd64.deb (--unpack): subprocess new pre-installation script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/mysql-server-5.1_5.1.63-0ubuntu0.11.10.1_amd64.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) Here is my drive space map. root@kyle:/# df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/kyle-root 59361428 59021768 0 100% / udev 1014052 8 1014044 1% /dev tmpfs 409304 1476 407828 1% /run none 5120 0 5120 0% /run/lock none 1023256 0 1023256 0% /run/shm /dev/sda1 233191 46888 173862 22% /boot /dev/md0 1922858288 1048513192 776669500 58% /media/array The root volume actually only has about 10 gigabytes in use on the hard drive (which has a 60 gig partition). /dev/md0 is a 2 TB raid array.

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• How do I align my partition table properly?

  - by Jorge Castro

  I am in the process of building my first RAID5 array. I've used mdadm to create the following set up: root@bondigas:~# mdadm --detail /dev/md1 /dev/md1: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Wed Oct 20 20:00:41 2010 Raid Level : raid5 Array Size : 5860543488 (5589.05 GiB 6001.20 GB) Used Dev Size : 1953514496 (1863.02 GiB 2000.40 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 4 Preferred Minor : 1 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Wed Oct 20 20:13:48 2010 State : clean, degraded, recovering Active Devices : 3 Working Devices : 4 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 1 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 64K Rebuild Status : 1% complete UUID : f6dc829e:aa29b476:edd1ef19:85032322 (local to host bondigas) Events : 0.12 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb 1 8 32 1 active sync /dev/sdc 2 8 48 2 active sync /dev/sdd 4 8 64 3 spare rebuilding /dev/sde While that's going I decided to format the beast with the following command: root@bondigas:~# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md1p1 mke2fs 1.41.11 (14-Mar-2010) /dev/md1p1 alignment is offset by 63488 bytes. This may result in very poor performance, (re)-partitioning suggested. Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=16 blocks, Stripe width=48 blocks 97853440 inodes, 391394047 blocks 19569702 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=0 11945 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 102400000, 214990848 Writing inode tables: ^C 27/11945 root@bondigas:~# ^C I am unsure what to do about "/dev/md1p1 alignment is offset by 63488 bytes." and how to properly partition the disks to match so I can format it properly.

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• Threading Overview

  - by ACShorten

  One of the major features of the batch framework is the ability to support multi-threading. The multi-threading support allows a site to increase throughput on an individual batch job by splitting the total workload across multiple individual threads. This means each thread has fine level control over a segment of the total data volume at any time. The idea behind the threading is based upon the notion that "many hands make light work". Each thread takes a segment of data in parallel and operates on that smaller set. The object identifier allocation algorithm built into the product randomly assigns keys to help ensure an even distribution of the numbers of records across the threads and to minimize resource and lock contention. The best way to visualize the concept of threading is to use a "pie" analogy. Imagine the total workset for a batch job is a "pie". If you split that pie into equal sized segments, each segment would represent an individual thread. The concept of threading has advantages and disadvantages: Smaller elapsed runtimes - Jobs that are multi-threaded finish earlier than jobs that are single threaded. With smaller amounts of work to do, jobs with threading will finish earlier. Note: The elapsed runtime of the threads is rarely proportional to the number of threads executed. Even though contention is minimized, some contention does exist for resources which can adversely affect runtime. Threads can be managed individually – Each thread can be started individually and can also be restarted individually in case of failure. If you need to rerun thread X then that is the only thread that needs to be resubmitted. Threading can be somewhat dynamic – The number of threads that are run on any instance can be varied as the thread number and thread limit are parameters passed to the job at runtime. They can also be configured using the configuration files outlined in this document and the relevant manuals.Note: Threading is not dynamic after the job has been submitted Failure risk due to data issues with threading is reduced – As mentioned earlier individual threads can be restarted in case of failure. This limits the risk to the total job if there is a data issue with a particular thread or a group of threads. Number of threads is not infinite – As with any resource there is a theoretical limit. While the thread limit can be up to 1000 threads, the number of threads you can physically execute will be limited by the CPU and IO resources available to the job at execution time. Theoretically with the objects identifiers evenly spread across the threads the elapsed runtime for the threads should all be the same. In other words, when executing in multiple threads theoretically all the threads should finish at the same time. Whilst this is possible, it is also possible that individual threads may take longer than other threads for the following reasons: Workloads within the threads are not always the same - Whilst each thread is operating on the roughly the same amounts of objects, the amount of processing for each object is not always the same. For example, an account may have a more complex rate which requires more processing or a meter has a complex amount of configuration to process. If a thread has a higher proportion of objects with complex processing it will take longer than a thread with simple processing. The amount of processing is dependent on the configuration of the individual data for the job. Data may be skewed – Even though the object identifier generation algorithm attempts to spread the object identifiers across threads there are some jobs that use additional factors to select records for processing. If any of those factors exhibit any data skew then certain threads may finish later. For example, if more accounts are allocated to a particular part of a schedule then threads in that schedule may finish later than other threads executed. Threading is important to the success of individual jobs. For more guidelines and techniques for optimizing threading refer to Multi-Threading Guidelines in the Batch Best Practices for Oracle Utilities Application Framework based products (Doc Id: 836362.1) whitepaper available from My Oracle Support

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