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• Linux software Raid 10 no superblock

  - by Shoshomiga

  I have a software raid 10 with 6 x 2tb hard drives (raid 1 for /boot), ubuntu 10.04 is the os. I had a raid controller failure that put 2 drives out of sync, crashed the system and initially the os didnt boot up and went into initramfs instead, saying that drives were busy but I eventually managed to bring the raid up by stopping and assembling the drives. The os booted up and said that there were filesystem errors, I chose to ignore because it would remount the fs in read-only mode if there was a problem. Everything seemed to be working fine and the 2 drives started to rebuild, I was sure that it was a sata controller failure because I had dma errors in my log files. The os crashed soon after that with ext errors. Now its not bringing up the raid, it says that there is no superblock on /dev/sda2. I tried to reassemble manually with all the device names but it still would not bring up the raid 10 complaining about the missing superblock on sda2, and sda1 was also dropped from the raid 1. When I did examine on the raid10 it says that 1 of the initially failed drives is a spare, the other is spare rebuilding and sda2 is removed. It seems that sda decided to fail right when the system was vulnerable to it because when I boot up a live cd it spews out sda unrecoverable read failures. I have been trying to fix this all week but I'm not sure where to go with this now, I ordered more hard drives because I didn't have a complete backup, but its too late for that now and the only thing I could do is mirror all the hard drives onto the new ones (I'm not sure whether sda was mirrored without errors). On the internet I read that you can recover from this by recreating the array with the same options as when it was made, however because sda is failing I cant use it and I don't want to risk using its mirror instead, so I'm waiting to get another hard drive. I'm also not sure whether to include the out of sync drives or if I can actually use those instead to recover the array. Sorry if this is a mess to read but I've been trying to fix this all day and its late at night now, any thoughts on this would be greatly appreciated. I also did a memtest and changed the motherboard in addition to everything else. EDIT: This is my partition layout Disk /dev/sdb: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders, total 3907029168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0009c34a Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 2048 511999 254976 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 512000 3904980991 1952234496 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 3904980992 3907028991 1024000 82 Linux swap / Solaris

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• Missing ISOBurn context menu

  - by Tim Jarvis

  This is a slightly updated version of the question I asked here I have isoburn.exe in the system32 directory of my machine, however I am missing the context menu when right clicking an ISO image ("Burn Disk Image") Does anyone know how I can restore the context menu?

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• Windows 7duplicate in boot menu

  - by Mick

  I deploy my Windows 7 with imagex.exe. I do this by means some batch script : Win7_install.bat: cls Diskpart /s Win7_install.txt Imagex /apply Win7_October.wim 1 C: Bcdboot C:\Windows Exit Win7_install.txt: SELECT DISK 0 CLEAN CREATE PARTITION PRIMARY SIZE=102400 SELECT PARTITION 1 FORMAT fs=ntfs LABEL=”SYSTEM” quick ASSIGN LETTER=C CREATE PARTITION PRIMARY SELECT PARTITION 2 FORMAT fs=ntfs LABEL=”DATA” quick SELECT PARTITION 1 ACTIVE EXIT Then after restart I have duplicate entries in boot menu. Anybody have some idea how fix it? Regards

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• Deleting Temporary Internet Files through Group Policy

  - by Kami

  I have a domain controller running on Windows 2008 Server R2 and users login to application servers on which Windows 2003 Server SP2 is installed. I have applied a Group Policy to clean temporary internet files on exit i.e to delete all temporary internet files when users close the browser. But the group policy doesn't seem to work as user profile size keeps on increasing and the major space is occupied by temporary internet files therefore increasing the disk usage. How can i enforce automatic deletion of temporary internet files?

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• EBS with RAID0 (striping) and restoring snapshots

  - by grourk

  We have a MySQL database on EC2 and are looking at the disk IO performance there. Currently we have a single EBS volume with XFS and take snapshots for backup. It seems that a lot of people have seen significant performance gains by striping across multiple EBS volumes with software RAID. If this is done, how does one take snapshots and ensure the consistency of the file system? It seems to me that restoring the file system from multiple snapshots could be tricky.

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• Is it possible to reverse a service pack on a Windows XP installation media?

  - by Billy ONeal

  Hello :) I need to test a piece of code which only seems to fail on Windows XP RTM. Unfortunately, all my disks came slipstreamed with SP2 on-disk. Is there any way to install an RTM install using my SP2 CD and key? Billy3 PS: Not sure if this belongs on SU or not -- please vote it over there if you think so.

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• How to boot a partition using a virtual pc.

  - by Fantomas

  I have backed up my failing hard drive using a ddrescue Linux command to two partition files - p1 and p2 5GB and 90GB each. Now, without saving this back to an actual disk - is there a way for me to boot my old computer virtually, using Virtual PC or Parallels or VMWare? How? Thank you.

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• Linux Software RAID1 Rebuild Completes, but after reboot, its degraded again

  - by zimmy6996

  I have been beating my head with an issue here, and I'm now turning to the internet for help. I have a system running Mandrake Linux, with the following configuration: /dev/hda - This is a IDE drive. Has some partitions on it that boot the system and make up most of the file system. /dev/sda - This is drive 1 of 2 for a software raid /dev/md0 /dev/sdb - This is drive 2 of 2 for a software raid /dev/md0 md0 gets mounted but fstab as /data-storage, so it is not critical to the systems ability to boot. We can comment it out of fstab, and the system works just fine either way. The problem is, we have a failed sdb drive. So I shut the box down, and have pulled the failed disk and installed a new disk. When the system boots up, /proc/mdstat shows only sda as part of the raid. I then run the various command to rebuild the RAID to /dev/sdb. Everything rebuilds correctly, and upon completion, you look at /proc/mdstat and it shows 2 drives sda1(0) and sdb1(1). Everything looks great. Then you reboot the box ... UGH!!! Once rebooted, sdb is missing again from the RAID. It is like the rebuild never happened. I can walk through the commands to rebuild it again, and it will work, but again, after reboot, the box seems to make sdb just vanish! The real odd thing is, if after reboot, I pull sda out of the box, and try to get the system to load with the rebuilt sdb drive in the system, and when I do, the system actually throws and error just after grub, and says something about drive error, and the system has to shut down. Thoughts??? I'm starting to wonder if grub has something to do with this mess. That the drive isn't being setup within grub to be visible at boot? This RAID array isn't necessary for the system to boot, but when the replacement drive is in there, without SDA it won't boot system, so it makes me believe there is something to that. On top of that, there just seems to be something wonky here the drive falling off of RAID after reboot. I've hit the point of pounding my head on the keyboard. Any help would be greatly appreciated!!!

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• nginx reverse proxy to apache mod_wsgi doesn't work

  - by user11243

  I'm trying to run a django site with apache mod-wsgi with nginx as the front-end to reverse proxy into apache. In my Apache ports.conf file: NameVirtualHost 192.168.0.1:7000 Listen 192.168.0.1:7000 <VirtualHost 192.168.0.1:7000> DocumentRoot /var/apps/example/ ServerName example.com WSGIDaemonProcess example WSGIProcessGroup example Alias /m/ /var/apps/example/forum/skins/ Alias /upfiles/ /var/apps/example/forum/upfiles/ <Directory /var/apps/example/forum/skins> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Directory> WSGIScriptAlias / /var/apps/example/django.wsgi </VirtualHost> In my nginx config: server { listen 80; server_name example.com; location / { include /usr/local/nginx/conf/proxy.conf; proxy_pass http://192.168.0.1:7000; proxy_redirect default; root /var/apps/example/forum/skins/; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } } After restarting both apache and nginx, nothing works, example.com simply hangs or serves index.html in my /var/www/ folder. I'd appreciate any advice to point me in the right direction. I've tried several tutorials online to no avail.

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• Forgotten account password

  - by blade

  I kept my passwords recorded but the location on my PC where I kept this went missing. I now can't get into Windows Server 2008 R2 as I can't remember the administrator or named account credentials and have no password reset disk. This is on a VM (VM Player - which btw is temp till I get Hyper-V). How can I get back in? If I make AD can I join the server to AD and then set a domain account?

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• Excessive server I/O rate is a symptom of excessive memory usage?

  - by johnlai2004

  I'm learning to manage a VPS LAMP server. I noticed that whenever Apache consumes more RAM than is allotted, the server disk I/O rate jumps from a negligible value to a big value like 3k/hour. Why is this so? What exactly is happening? Thanks

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• Best way to partition 1TB (Linux&Windows7)

  - by Simon

  Any intelligent way to partition 1TB and be prepared for resizing/adding/deleting partitions? I was thinking about LVM, but as far as i remember, Windows7 can't be installed on logical volume right? For now my plan is: - ~150GB for Windows7 and other stuff (VisualStudio..., maybe I'll split it 100/50 or something like that) - simple NTFS - 850GB = LVM - disk for linux (Ubuntu) and other stuff virtual machines etc. I'm mostly interested in how and what tools should I use to get easy in maintain partitions for both systems.

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• BOOTMGR is compressed Windows Server 2008

  - by AbdulAziz

  This is my first question to "superuser", hope you guys help me. I have Windows server 2008 R2 Enterprise installed in my system, by mistake I clicked the "Compress disk" of my C drive. Now when I am restarting, I met a message at start up that "BootMGR is compressed, Press Ctrl + Alt + Del to restart" Its been 2 days I am searching every where to solve the problem, but all I found only for Vista and windows 7 only. Can any one help?

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• Merely installing PHP5 causes my AWS Ubuntu server to die minutes later from a massive CPU spike

  - by Mark Amery

  I have an AWS server with Ubuntu 11.04 as the OS that is running an Apache2 webserver (incidentally Python-based and using Django). We recently needed to add support for php5 to let us use a third party PHP library (incidentally for serving minified versions of js and css files). However, for no reason any of us can discern, if we simply run sudo apt-get install php5 on the server, then the install appears to finish successfully but, without us taking any further action (including not yet running sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5, which I think would be the next step for us if everything worked), or actually running any PHP scripts on the server, a few minutes later the server becomes impossible to connect to, and looking at the 'Monitoring' tab for the server in the EC2 Management Console reveals that a while after the installation, CPU usage spikes to 100% and stays there permanently (until we reboot the server from the AWS Console). After rebooting, the server also reliably dies within a few (between 0 and 10) minutes. We restored the server to a pre-PHP state from an AMI Image, observed that it was stable, and then tried installing PHP5 again and observed the server die in exactly the same way, so we're pretty much certain that installing PHP5 is what causes the symptoms. What on earth could be causing this behaviour, and how can we get PHP installed on the server without it dying?

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• Relaying to tech "support" that computer is actually broken.

  - by Sion

  First some background: I have a Dell Inspiron 15R M050, it is still under the Dell limited warranty and the Best Buy Extended warranty. I am currently dual booting Debian Squeeze and Windows 7, the only reason I go into Windows is to play video games specifically steam games. Issue: When I play my games in Windows I am capable of playing for anywhere from 5 minutes to 2 hours before I suffer a hard-lock. I cannot alt-tab, ctrl-alt-delete, ctrl-shift-escape do anything for 2-3 minutes. After this hard-lock period everything runs fine, I can continue the game for probably another hour at least before I suffer another lock. Games: Borderlands, Splinter Cell: Chaos Theory, Starcraft 2, Garrys Mod What I have tried: Running the diagnostic suite in the dell bios, restoring the OEM Windows recovery partition on the HD, fresh installing Windows 7 Professional, updating BIOS, Calling tech support and having them run a software Hardware Diagnostics suite. The question: I think from the research that I have performed that it might be a lack of thermal paste on the CPU, would I be able to go to Best Buy and have them do a hardware diagnostic from the hardware level then have them be able to tell Dell that there is a hardware issue? Or would there be a different problem?

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• Can I use BitLocker on a Windows 8 Tablet? How?

  - by Coderer

  I hear that Windows 8 Pro can use full disk encryption. I also understand that Win8 is targeting the "slate" / "tablet" form factor specifically. But all my previous experience with BitLocker requires you to put in some kind of PIN or password at boot time -- how can I do this without a (hardware) keyboard? This preview of an upcoming Win8 tablet mentions BitLocker but doesn't address the PIN issue. Am I missing something?

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• How to encrypt dual boot windows 7 and xp (bitlocker, truecrypt combo?) on sdd (recommended?)

  - by therobyouknow

  I would like to setup a dual boot Windows 7 and Windows XP laptop/notebook computer where each operation system's partition is fully encrypted. I would like to do this on a SSD - a 128Gb Crucial M4. My research Dual boot of truecrypt encrypted OSs on one drive (not possible - in Truecript 7.x at time of writing) This cannot be done on a standard Truecrypt setup - it will only support encrypting one of the operating systems. I have tried this and also read about it here on superuser.com However, I did see a solution here that uses grub4dos as the initial bootloader to chain to separate truecrypt encrypted OSs, in my case Windows 7 and Windows XP: http://yyzyyz.blogspot.co.uk/2010/06/truecrypt-how-to-encrypt-multiple.html I am not going to consider this solution as it relies upon some custom code for use in the bootloader that is provided by the author. I would prefer a solution that can be fully understood so that I can be sure that there is nothing undesirable occuring (i.e. malware or just simply bugs in the code). I would like to believe such a solution doesn't have those risks but I can't be sure. BitLocker and Truecrypt combination - possible solution? So I am now considering a combination of encryption programs: I now aim to encrypt Windows XP with Truecrypt and Windows 7 with BitLocker. Assuming Truecrypt bootloader can boot into non-Truecrypt OSs (e.g. via hitting Escape to go to another menu), then this solution may be viable. SSDs and Encryption (use fastest possible spinning hard disk instead (?)) I read on various superuser.com posts and elsewhere that current SSDs are not suited to whole drive encryption for various reasons: impact of performance algorithms that give SSDs advantage over spinning harddisks. Algorithms used in compression of data for example. Wear on the SSD, shortening its life Security issues whereby data is repeated, as indicated in some Truecrypt documentation So I am now considering not using SSD. But with the aim to have the fastest drive possible, I am considering using the Western Digital Scorpion black 2.5" 7200rpm harddisk as this appears to be top rated among spinning platter-based harddrives (don't work for Western Digital). Summary So to achieve whole drive encrypted dual boot Windows 7 and Windows XP with minimal performance impact I intend to use a combination of Truecrypt and Bitlocker on a top-rated conventional spinning platter-based harddisk. Questions Will my summary: achieve whole disk encryption of the dual-boot Windows XP, Windows 7? OR an you suggest a simpler solution, including one that only requires only Truecrypt (BitLocker not available on XP). Or another encryption tool, including paid-for? provide the highest performance. Am I correct to avoid using SDD with encryption for the reasons I discovered? Are the concerns about SSDs and encryption still very real (some articles I read go back to 2010) Thanks for your input!

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• Proper web server setup

  - by DMin

  I just got myself a slicehost basic slice to play around with so I can learn how to setup web-servers. I have Ubuntu 10.04.2 installed on the server. I was able to successfully get the server up and running from scratch, these were the things I did - following this tutorial. I know this is probably just a starters tutorial, so, I was wondering if you guys can tell me what you like to do while setting up production servers. These are the steps that were followed : Update and Upgrade Ubuntu sudo apt-get install apache2 php5-mysql libapache2-mod-php5 mysql-server Backup a copy of and edit apache2.conf Set : 'ServerTokens Full' to 'ServerTokens Prod''ServerSignature On' to 'ServerSignature Off' Backup php.ini and then Change “expose_php = On” to “expose_php = Off” Restart Apache Install Shorewall firewall Configure Shorewall to only accept HTTP and SSH connections(in the rules file) Enable shorewall on startup Add the website to the server : sudo usermod -g www-data root sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www sudo chmod -R 775 /var/www I want make this CommunityWiki but can't seem to find the option to do it. Please feel free to add any feedback on the processes and things I am doing right/wrong. Much appriciated, thanks! :)

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• Secure, efficient, version-preserving, filename-hiding backup implemented in this way?

  - by barrycarter

  I tried writing a "perfect" backup program (below), but ran into problems (also below). Is there an efficient/working version of this?: Assumptions: you're backing up from 'local', which you own and has limited disk space to 'remote', which has infinite disk space and belongs to someone else, so you need encryption. Network bandwidth is finite. 'local' keeps a db of backed-up files w/ this data for each file: filename, including full path file's last modified time (mtime) sha1sum of file's unencrypted contents sha1sum of file's encrypted contents Given a list of files to backup (some perhaps already backed up), the program runs 'find' and gets the full path/mtime for each file (this is fairly efficient; conversely, computing the sha1sum of each file would NOT be efficient) The program discards files whose filename and mtime are in 'local' db. The program now computes the sha1sum of the (unencrypted contents of each remaining file. If the sha1sum matches one in 'local' db, we create a special entry in 'local' db that points this file/mtime to the file/mtime of the existing entry. Effectively, we're saying "we have a backup of this file's contents, but under another filename, so no need to back it up again". For each remaining file, we encrypt the file, take the sha1sum of the encrypted file's contents, rsync the file to its sha1sum. Example: if the file's encrypted sha1sum was da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709, we'd rsync it to /some/path/da/39/a3/da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709 on 'remote'. Once the step above succeeds, we add the file to the 'local' db. Note that we efficiently avoid computing sha1sums and encrypting unless absolutely necessary. Note: I don't specify encryption method: this would be user's choice. The problems: We must encrypt and backup 'local' db regularly. However, 'local' db grows quickly and rsync'ing encrypted files is inefficient, since a small change in 'local' db means a big change in the encrypted version of 'local' db. We create a file on 'remote' for each file on 'local', which is ugly and excessive. We query 'local' db frequently. Even w/ indexes, these queries are slow, since we're often making one query for each file. Would be nice to speed this up by batching queries or something. Probably other problems that I've now forgotten.

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• Downloading video from SWF

  - by Niger

  If I am seeing a SWF video in my web browser (sample: http://www.somename.com/swf/x92154) how can I download the video to disk? If I use Save As it is saving .swf, not the video.

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• RHEL6 kick start fails with kernel panic - not syncing error

  - by mrchampe

  On a brand new (just unboxed) Dell Precision 7500 computer, I began a kickstart using a red hat boot disk and a kickstart file hosted at an http address. There is a picture of the full error below with trace information I believe this is different than the other questions relating to kernel panic errors. What I would like to know is What causes the kernel panic How does one fix this such that the kickstart finishes Additional information can be provided as necessary.

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• How can I find out what's on a certain block in an HFS+ formatted drive?

  - by Georg

  I've got a hard disk that has damaged blocks. I'm now copying it using ddrescue to an external drive. I've got a file with the list of the damaged blocks, how can I find out which files are located in the damaged blocks?

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• IE9 freezes with Protected Mode enabled

  - by Peter Wone

  After a disk failure and a new build of Win7, IE9 locks up on most web pages including Bing. Running it as Admin works, and turning off Protected Mode also works. Neither of these was necessary prior to the rebuild and examination of colleagues' workstation config show that it's only my workstation with this quirk. Can anyone suggest a remedy? I have tried bcdedit /set {current} nx AlwaysOff and a reboot, with no effect.

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• File Locked on Flash Drive

  - by AtomFury

  I'm completely frustrated. I'm an owner of a OCZ 8GB Rally2 which I've used flawlessly for about 4 months now, and all of a sudden this week I begin getting errors telling me that I can't delete a file due to "make sure the disk is not write-protected, full or and the file is not in-use" dialog. Here's what I've tried: Deleting the file using FileASSASSIN (it's worked on everything else but files on this darn flash drive) Formatting the flash drive and then restoring the backed up information (I format to NTFS, FYI) Any suggestions on what to do?

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• Why doesn't video run smoothly on my laptop anymore?

  - by andygrunt

  This might be an impossible question to answer remotely but I figure there may be some common causes that people can suggest so I think it's worth asking... Video no longer plays smoothly on my laptop. It used to but not for a while now. For example, playing a video on YouTube is pretty typical: I press play (making sure it's not on HD or even HQ) and the video buffers a little then starts to play. At first it plays fine then the video starts to stutter, turning into a slideshow while the sound continues to play smoothly. If I try playing the same video on my Playstation 3 (which is linked to the same network) it plays smoothly so it can't be the connection. Another example is streaming DivX videos. Again, I wait while it buffers and it starts but very soon, instead of a slideshow, this time the video just plays slowly while the sound continues as normal (instantly getting out of sync). Even if I let the video fully load before pressing play (i.e. it's no longer streaming), it still behaves the same way. I can even let it load 100% then save the file to hard disk and use VLC player to view it, and the same thing happens. I'm using an old laptop running Windows XP. For the past several years it's been connected to the router via Wi-Fi but in the past few days I've changed that to a network cable (like my PS3) but that hasn't helped. Yes, I regularly install various bits and pieces of software but nothing that I can identify as being the cause. So, are there known causes of this sort of behaviour and if so, what can I do to fix it? Thanks. Update to answer a few questions... Laptop Spec' (note: video has played back fine for the majority of time I've had the laptop) Toshiba Satellite 1900-603 (possibly called something else outside the UK) Intel Pentium 4 2.2 Ghz Processor Originally had 512Mb memory but recently doubled that to 1 Gig of memory Graphics: ATI Mobility Radeon 16Mb DDR VRAM Windows XP SP3 (Home edition) Over the years I've done several things to speed it up (disabling indexing etc) and am generally happy with the performance. I also regularly have a clear out of old software (if for no other reason than the laptop only has a 40Gb hard disk) and use CCleaner and Glary Utilities to strip out much of the crap from my system. Also recently (after doubling the memory), I've tried a few new things which might be likely candidates for slowing the video down such as Rocketdock, Jingle keyboard (which gives an old style 'clacky' typewriter sound when I type - love it), SugarSync, Taskbar Shuffle. However, the video doesn't play smoothly even when I try quit all these apps.

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