I'm building an open source 2D game engine called YoghurtGum. Right now I'm working on the Android port, using the NDK provided by Google.
I was going mad because of the errors I was getting in my application, so I made a simple test program:
class Base
{
public:
Base() { }
virtual ~Base() { }
}; // class Base
class Vehicle : virtual public Base
{
public:
Vehicle() : Base() { }
~Vehicle() { }
}; // class Vehicle
class Car : public Vehicle
{
public:
Car() : Base(), Vehicle() { }
~Car() { }
}; // class Car
int main(int a_Data, char** argv)
{
Car* stupid = new Car();
return 0;
}
Seems easy enough, right? Here's how I compile it, which is the same way I compile the rest of my code:
/home/oem/android-ndk-r3/build/prebuilt/linux-x86/arm-eabi-4.4.0/bin/arm-eabi-g++
-g
-std=c99
-Wall
-Werror
-O2
-w
-shared
-fshort-enums
-I ../../YoghurtGum/src/GLES
-I ../../YoghurtGum/src
-I /home/oem/android-ndk-r3/build/platforms/android-5/arch-arm/usr/include
-c src/Inheritance.cpp
-o intermediate/Inheritance.o
(Line breaks are added for clarity). This compiles fine. But then we get to the linker:
/home/oem/android-ndk-r3/build/prebuilt/linux-x86/arm-eabi-4.4.0/bin/arm-eabi-gcc
-lstdc++
-Wl,
--entry=main,
-rpath-link=/system/lib,
-rpath-link=/home/oem/android-ndk-r3/build/platforms/android-5/arch-arm/usr/lib,
-dynamic-linker=/system/bin/linker,
-L/home/oem/android-ndk-r3/build/prebuilt/linux-x86/arm-eabi-4.4.0/lib/gcc/arm-eabi/4.4.0,
-L/home/oem/android-ndk-r3/build/platforms/android-5/arch-arm/usr/lib,
-rpath=../../YoghurtGum/lib/GLES
-nostdlib
-lm
-lc
-lGLESv1_CM
-z
/home/oem/android-ndk-r3/build/platforms/android-5/arch-arm/usr/lib/crtbegin_dynamic.o
/home/oem/android-ndk-r3/build/platforms/android-5/arch-arm/usr/lib/crtend_android.o
intermediate/Inheritance.o
../../YoghurtGum/bin/YoghurtGum.a
-o bin/Galaxians.android
As you can probably tell, there's a lot of cruft in there that isn't really needed. That's because it doesn't work. It fails with the following errors:
intermediate/Inheritance.o:(.rodata._ZTI3Car[typeinfo for Car]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__si_class_type_info'
intermediate/Inheritance.o:(.rodata._ZTI7Vehicle[typeinfo for Vehicle]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__vmi_class_type_info'
intermediate/Inheritance.o:(.rodata._ZTI4Base[typeinfo for Base]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__class_type_info'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [bin/Galaxians.android] Fout 1
These are the same errors I get from my actual application.
If someone could explain to me where I went wrong in my test or what option or I forgot in my linker, I would be very, extremely grateful.
Thanks in advance.
UPDATE:
When I make my destructors non-inlined, I get new and more exciting link errors:
intermediate/Inheritance.o:(.rodata+0x78): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__si_class_type_info'
intermediate/Inheritance.o:(.rodata+0x90): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__vmi_class_type_info'
intermediate/Inheritance.o:(.rodata+0xb0): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__class_type_info'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [bin/Galaxians.android] Fout 1
