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  • How to convert string "0671" or "0x45" into integer form with 0 and 0x in the beginning.

    - by Harshit Sharma
    I wanted to make my own encryption algorithm and decryption algorithm , encryption algorithm works fine and converts ascii value of the characters into alternate hexadecimal and octal representations. But when I tried decryption, problem occured as it return int('0671') = 671, as 0671 is string type in the following code. Is there a method to convert "ox56" into integer form?????? NOTE: Following string is alternate octal and hexa of ascii value of char. ///////////////DECRYPTION/////// l="01630x7401620x6901560x67" f=len(l) k=0 d=0 x=[] for i in range(0,f,4): g=l[i:i+4] print g k=k+1 if(k%2==0): p=g print p else: p=int(g) print p

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  • Should I use a metaclass, class decorator, or override the __new__ method?

    - by 007brendan
    Here is my problem. I want the following class to have a bunch of property attributes. I could either write them all out like foo and bar, or based on some other examples I've seen, it looks like I could use a class decorator, a metaclass, or override the __new__ method to set the properties automagically. I'm just not sure what the "right" way to do it would be. class Test(object): def calculate_attr(self, attr): # do calculaty stuff return attr @property def foo(self): return self.calculate_attr('foo') @property def bar(self): return self.calculate_attr('bar')

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  • How to use traceit to report function input variables in stack trace

    - by reckoner
    Hi, I've been using the following code to trace the execution of my programs: import sys import linecache import random def traceit(frame, event, arg): if event == "line": lineno = frame.f_lineno filename = frame.f_globals["__file__"] if filename == "<stdin>": filename = "traceit.py" if (filename.endswith(".pyc") or filename.endswith(".pyo")): filename = filename[:-1] name = frame.f_globals["__name__"] line = linecache.getline(filename, lineno) print "%s:%s:%s: %s" % (name, lineno,frame.f_code.co_name , line.rstrip()) return traceit def main(): print "In main" for i in range(5): print i, random.randrange(0, 10) print "Done." sys.settrace(traceit) main() Using this code, or something like it, is it possible to report the values of certain function arguments? In other words, the above code tells me "which" functions were called and I would like to know "what" the corresponding values of the input variables for those function calls. Thanks in advance.

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  • Filter across three tables using Django

    - by Vanessa MacDougal
    I have 3 django models, where the first has a foreign key to the second, and the second has a foreign key to the third. Like this: class Book(models.Model): year_published = models.IntField() author = models.ForeignKey(Author) class Author(models.Model): author_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) name = models.CharField(max_length=50) agent = models.ForeignKey(LitAgent) class LitAgent(models.Model): agent_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) name = models.CharField(max_length=50) I want to ask for all the literary agents whose authors had books published in 2006, for example. How can I do this in Django? I have looked at the documentation about filters and QuerySets, and don't see an obvious way. Thanks.

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  • Django paging object has issues with Postgresql QuerySets

    - by pivotal
    I have some django code that runs fine on a SQLite database or on a MySQL database, but it runs into problems with Postgres, and it's making me crazy that no one has has this issue before. I think it may also be related to the way querysets are evaluated by the pager. In a view I have: def index(request, page=1): latest_posts = Post.objects.all().order_by('-pub_date') paginator = Paginator(latest_posts, 5) try: posts = paginator.page(page) except (EmptyPage, InvalidPage): posts = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages) return render_to_response('blog/index.html', {'posts' : posts}) And inside the template: {% for post in posts.object_list %} {# some rendering jazz #} {% endfor %} This works fine with SQLite, but Postgres gives me: Caught TypeError while rendering: 'NoneType' object is not callable To further complicate things, when I switch the Queryset call to: latest_posts = Post.objects.all() Everything works great. I've tried re-reading the documentation, but found nothing, although I admit I'm a bit clouded by frustration at this point. What am I missing? Thanks in advance.

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  • Diminishing programmer wants to get back to programming

    - by Marcus TV
    I last programmed actively in 2002. It is almost 8 years now. I learned C and then moved to Visual Basic for our thesis project in the university. I would like to ask suggestions on what programming language should I learn and put to profitability use in areas such as desktop applications, web development, and database applications.

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  • Shuttle control in wxPython

    - by Mridang Agarwalla
    Hi, I'm trying to implement a shuttle control in wxPython but there doesn't seem to be one. I've decided to use two listbox controls. The shuttle control looks like this: I've got two listboxes — one's populated, one's not. Could someone show me how to add a selected item to the second list box when it is double clicked? It should be removed from the first. When it is double clicked in the second, it should be added to the first and removed from the second. The shuttle control implements these by default but it's a pity it isn't there. Thank you.

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  • How to get to the key name of a referenced entity property from an entity instance without a datastore read in google app engine?

    - by Sumeet Pareek
    Consider I have the following models - class Team(db.Model): # say I have just 5 teams name = db.StringProperty() class Player(db.Model): # say I have thousands of players name = db.StringProperty() team = db.ReferenceProperty(Team, collection_name="player_set") Key name for each Team entity = 'team_' , and for each Player entity = 'player_' By some prior arrangement I have a Team entity's (key_name, name) mapping available to me. For example (team_01, United States Of America), (team_02, Russia) etc I have to show all the players and their teams on a page. One way of doing this would be - players = Player.all().fetch(1000) # This is 1 DB read for player in players: # This will iterate 1000 times self.response.out.write(player.name) # This is obviously not a DB read self.response.out.write(player.team.name) #This is a total of 1x1000 = 1000 DB reads That is a 1001 DB reads for a silly thing. The interesting part is that when I do a db.to_dict() on players, it shows that for every player in that list there is 'name' of the player and there is the 'key_name' of the team available too. So how can I do the below ?? players = Player.all().fetch(1000) # This is 1 DB read for player in players: # This will iterate 1000 times self.response.out.write(player.name) # This is obviously not a DB read self.response.out.write(team_list[player.<SOME WAY OF GETTING TEAM KEY NAME>]) # Here 'team_list' already has (key_name, name) for all 5 teams I have been struggling with this for a long time. Have read every available documentation. I could just hug the person that can help me here :-) Disclaimer: The above problem description is not a real scenario. It is a simplified arrangement that represents my problem exactly. I have run into it in a rater complex and big GAE appication.

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  • Using sqlalchemy to query using multiple column where in clause

    - by crunkchitis
    I'm looking to execute this query using sqlalchemy. SELECT name, age, favorite_color, favorite_food FROM kindergarten_classroom WHERE (favorite_color, favorite_food) IN (('lavender','lentil soup'),('black','carrot juice')); I only want kids that like (lavender AND lentil soup) OR (black and carrot juice). This is similar, but doesn't get me all of the way there: Sqlalchemy in clause

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  • Django: How do I get logging working?

    - by swisstony
    I've added the following to my settings.py file: import logging ... logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, format='%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s', filename=os.path.join(rootdir, 'django.log'), filemode='a+') And in views.py, I've added: import logging log = logging.getLogger(__name__) ... log.info("testing 123!") Unfortunately, no log file is being created. Any ideas what I am doing wrong? And also is their a better method I should be using for logging? I am doing this on Webfaction.

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  • How to set a __str__ method for all ctype Structure classes?

    - by Reuben Thomas
    [Since asking this question, I've found: http://www.cs.unc.edu/~gb/blog/2007/02/11/ctypes-tricks/ which gives a good answer.] I just wrote a __str__ method for a ctype-generated Structure class 'foo' thus: def foo_to_str(self): s = [] for i in foo._fields_: s.append('{}: {}'.format(i[0], foo.\_\_getattribute__(self, i[0]))) return '\n'.join(s) foo.\_\_str__ = foo_to_str But this is a fairly natural way to produce a __str__ method for any Structure class. How can I add this method directly to the Structure class, so that all Structure classes generated by ctypes get it? (I am using the h2xml and xml2py scripts to auto-generate ctypes code, and this offers no obvious way to change the names of the classes output, so simply subclassing Structure, Union &c. and adding my __str__ method there would involve post-processing the output of xml2py.)

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  • How to clear wxpython frame content when dragging a panel?

    - by aF
    Hello, I have 3 panels and I want to make drags on them. The problem is that when I do a drag on one this happens: How can I refresh the frame to happear its color when the panel is no longer there? This is the code that I have to make the drag: def onMouseMove(self, event): (self.pointWidth, self.pointHeight) = event.GetPosition() (self.width, self.height) = self.GetSizeTuple() if (self.pointWidth>100 and self.pointWidth<(self.width-100) and self.pointHeight < 15) or self.parent.dragging: self.SetCursor(wx.StockCursor(wx.CURSOR_SIZING)) """implement dragging""" if not event.Dragging(): self.w = 0 self.h = 0 return self.CaptureMouse() if self.w == 0 and self.h == 0: (self.w, self.h) = event.GetPosition() else: (posw, posh) = event.GetPosition() displacement = self.h - posh self.SetPosition( self.GetPosition() - (0, displacement)) else: self.SetCursor(wx.StockCursor(wx.CURSOR_ARROW)) def onDraggingDown(self, event): if self.pointWidth>100 and self.pointWidth<(self.width-100) and self.pointHeight < 15: self.parent.dragging = 1 self.SetCursor(wx.StockCursor(wx.CURSOR_ARROW)) self.SetBackgroundColour('BLUE') self.parent.SetTransparent(220) self.Refresh() def onDraggingUp(self, event): self.parent.dragging = 0 self.parent.SetTransparent(255) self.SetCursor(wx.StockCursor(wx.CURSOR_ARROW)) and this are the binds for this events: self.Bind(wx.EVT_MOTION, self.onMouseMove) self.Bind(wx.EVT_LEFT_DOWN, self.onDraggingDown) self.Bind(wx.EVT_LEFT_UP, self.onDraggingUp) With this, if I click on the top of the panel, and move down or up, the panel position changes (I drag the panel) to the position of the mouse.

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  • strange Django problem

    - by Pounds
    Sorrt to bother you everyone, but I really suffer a strange problem. I am working on a Django project for a company. This project worked very well before today. Today I found a page can not show images (and their corrsponding links). I checked source code of THAT PAGE, I found there are images and links, I just can not find them on the page. I checked the auth of the server and I am sure I can write things to the database. In fact, I think it is not database mistake because I can find what I want in the page source code, I just can not find them on the page. Oh my Gosh, I am going to be crazy... Has anyone suffered similar problem? What kind of problem could it be? Please help me! Thank you very much! PS: I can not provide any source code of the project because some business limit...I am really sorry...

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  • What can I use the Google App Engine for?

    - by Sergio Boombastic
    This question possibly doesn't belong here. We'll see how the answers pan out, if this doesn't belong here please move it to where it belongs. I'm following the getting started guide for Google App Engine, and I'm seeing what it can and can't do. Basically, I'm seeing it's very similar to an MVC pattern. You create your model, then create a View that uses that Model to display information. Not only that, but it uses a controller of some kind in this fashion: application = webapp.WSGIApplication( [('/', MainPage)], debug=True) My question is, why would you use this Google App Engine if it's the same as using a number of other MVC frameworks? Is the only benefit you gain the load balancing being handled by Google automagically? What is a good example of something you would need the App Engine for? I'm trying to learn, so thanks for the discussion.

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  • Trying to output a list using class

    - by captain morgan
    Am trying to get the moving average of a price..but i keep getting an attribute error in my Moving_Average class. ('Moving_Average' object has no attribute 'days'). Here is what I have: class Moving_Average: def calculation(self, alist:list,days:int): m = self.days prices = alist[1::2] average = [0]* len(prices) signal = ['']* len(prices) for m in range(0,len(prices)-days+1): average[m+2] = sum(prices[m:m+days])/days if prices[m+2] < average[m+2]: signal[m+2]='SELL' elif prices[m+2] > average[m+2] and prices[m+1] < average[m+1]: signal[m+2]='BUY' else: signal[m+2] ='' return average,signal def print_report(symbol:str,strategy:str): print('SYMBOL: ', symbol) print('STRATEGY: ', strategy) print('Date Closing Strategy Signal') def user(): strategy = ''' Which of the following strategy would you like to use? * Simple Moving Average [S] * Directional Indicator[D] Please enter your choice: ''' if signal_strategy in 'Ss': days = input('Please enter the number of days for the average') days = int(days) strategy = 'Simple Moving Average {}-days'.format(str(days)) m = Moving_Average() ma = m.calculation(gg, days) print(ma) gg is an list that contains date and prices. [2013-10-01,60,2013-10-02,60] The output is supposed to look like: Date Price Average Signal 2013-10-01 60.0 2013-10-02 60.0 60.00 BUY

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  • How do I upload a files to google app engine app when field name is not known

    - by Michael Neale
    I have tried a few options, none of which seem to work (if I have a simple multipart form with a named field, it works well, but when I don't know the name I can't just grab all files in the request...). I have looked at http://stackoverflow.com/questions/81451/upload-files-in-google-app-engine and it doesn't seem suitable (or to actually work, as someone mentioned the code snipped it untested).

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  • Problems using User model in django unit tests

    - by theycallmemorty
    I have the following django test case that is giving me errors: class MyTesting(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): self.u1 = User.objects.create(username='user1') self.up1 = UserProfile.objects.create(user=self.u1) def testA(self): ... def testB(self): ... When I run my tests, testA will pass sucessfully but before testB starts, I get the following error: IntegrityError: column username is not unique It's clear that it is trying to create self.u1 before each test case and finding that it already exists in the Database. How do I get it to properly clean up after each test case so that subsequent cases run correctly?

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  • Iterate with binary structure over numpy array to get cell sums

    - by Curlew
    In the package scipy there is the function to define a binary structure (such as a taxicab (2,1) or a chessboard (2,2)). import numpy from scipy import ndimage a = numpy.zeros((6,6), dtype=numpy.int) a[1:5, 1:5] = 1;a[3,3] = 0 ; a[2,2] = 2 s = ndimage.generate_binary_structure(2,2) # Binary structure #.... Calculate Sum of result_array = numpy.zeros_like(a) What i want is to iterate over all cells of this array with the given structure s. Then i want to append a function to the current cell value indexed in a empty array (example function sum), which uses the values of all cells in the binary structure. For example: array([[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0], [0, 1, 2, 1, 1, 0], [0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0], [0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]]) # The array a. The value in cell 1,2 is currently one. Given the structure s and an example function such as sum the value in the resulting array (result_array) becomes 7 (or 6 if the current cell value is excluded). Someone got an idea?

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  • New wxpython controls not displaying until resize

    - by acrosman
    I have created a custom control (based on a panel) in wxPython that provides a list of custom controls on panel within it. The user needs to be able to add rows at will and have those rows displayed. I'm having trouble getting the new controls to actually appear after they are added. I know they are present, because they appear after a resize of the frame, or if I add them before Show() is called on the frame. I've convinced myself it's something basic, but I can't find the mistake. The add function looks like this: def addRow(self, id, reference, page, title, note): newRow = NoteListRow(self.listPanel, id, reference, page, title, note) self.listSizer.Add(newRow, flag=wx.EXPAND | wx.LEFT) self.rows.append(newRow) if len(self.rows) == 1: self.highliteRow(newRow) self.Refresh() self.Update() return newRow I assume I'm missing something about how refresh and update are supposed to behave, so even a good extended reference on those would likely be helpful.

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  • Can this django query be improved?

    - by Hobhouse
    Given a model structure like this: class Book(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User) class Readingdate(models.Model): book = models.ForeignKey(Book) date = models.DateField() One book may have several readingdates. How do I list books having at least one readingdate within a specific year? I can do this: from_date = datetime.date(2010,1,1) to_date = datetime.date(2010,12,31) book_ids = Readingdate.objects\ .filter(date__range=(from_date,to_date))\ .values_list('book_id', flat=True) books_read_2010 = Book.objects.filter(id__in=book_ids) Is it possible to do this with one queryset, or is this the best way?

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  • How to make pdb recognize that the source has changed between runs?

    - by user88028
    From what I can tell, pdb does not recognize when the source code has changed between "runs". That is, if I'm debugging, notice a bug, fix that bug, and rerun the program in pdb (i.e. without exiting pdb), pdb will not recompile the code. I'll still be debugging the old version of the code, even if pdb lists the new source code. So, does pdb not update the compiled code as the source changes? If not, is there a way to make it do so? I'd like to be able to stay in a single pdb session in order to keep my breakpoints and such. FWIW, gdb will notice when the program it's debugging changes underneath it, though only on a restart of that program. This is the behavior I'm trying to replicate in pdb.

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  • problem installing mysqldb for python2.6

    - by apoorva
    Hi.. My mysql database is located on a remote machine... So i dont have any local copy of mysql on my local machine.. i get the registry key error... (file not found)... serverKey = _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, options['registry_key']) WindowsError: [Error 2] The system cannot find the file specified I think it requires to have a local copy of mysql... How do i install the mysqldb for database residing on another machine???

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