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  • Detach current session and attach to another session, done with one script, can I?

    - by Jimm Chen
    After reading the vague official doc of GNU screen( http://www.gnu.org/software/screen/manual/screen.html ) and asking quite some questions at this site. I still cannot figure out how to accomplish such a task with a shell script. This task costs some words to describe. Assume I'm using PuTTY to telnet into my Linux server. ?STEP 1? Launch 2 telnet connections . From putty window 1 (PTWIN1),telnet into Linux Bash shell, execute screen -RR to launch a screen session, and get session name 21385.pts-4.linux-ic37 . From putty window 2 (PTWIN2), do that same as in PTWIN1, but this time, I get session name 22041.pts-9.linux-ic37 . Now, we have two screen sessions running simultaneously. We can check this: $ screen -ls There are screens on: 22041.pts-9.linux-ic37 (Attached) 21385.pts-4.linux-ic37 (Attached) 2 Sockets in /var/run/uscreens/S-chj2. ?STEP 2? Assume that for some reason, PTWIN1's TCP connection is lost abnormally(but server doesn't know that), and an urgent work is pending on session 21385 and I want to quickly regain control of it. Fortunately, we know the 21385 session is still there, so, I want to have PTWIN2 attach to session 21385. Because I hate to remember the esoteric screen option all the time, so I decide to write a script called sttach. I hope that sttach 21385.pts-4.linux-ic37 can let me attach to session 21385(for PTWIN2). Now, let's say sttach works well and I take control of 21385 on PTWIN2. ?STEP 3? Some minutes later. I want to go back to work on session 22041. Here, please allow me to have PTWIN2 remain associated with session 21385. What I would like to do is to launch another putty window (PTWIN3), telnet into server, and execute sttach 22041.pts-9.linux-ic37 in hope that I can resume session 22041 on PTWIN3 . You can see the benefit of sttach: as long as I know the target session name, I can call it to have my PuTTY window switch to that session, regardless whether the target session is "(Attached)" or "(Detached)", and regardless whether the running context is inside a screen session or not. Now the question: How to write the (Bash) script sttach? I mean, run screen with appropriate options in sttach to accomplish the goal. Waiting for your kind answer. Thank you. My previous questions regarding GNU screen: GNU screen, how to get current sessionname programmatically Is it possible to change GNU screen session name after created? How do I know I'm running inside a linux "screen" or not? My env: openSUSE Linux 11.3, GNU screen 4.00.03 (FAU) 23-Oct-06

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  • nginx, php-fpm, and multiple roots - how to properly try_files?

    - by Carson C.
    I have a server context which is rooted in a login application. The login application handles, well, logins, and then returns a redirect to "/app" on the same server if a login is successful. The application is rooted elsewhere, which is handled by the location block shown here: location ^~ /app { alias /usr/share/nginx/www/website.com/content/public; location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php5-fpm.sock; include fastcgi_params; } } This works just fine, however the $uri getting passed to PHP still contains /app, even though I am using alias rather than root. Because of this, the try_files directive fails to a 404 unless I link app -> ./ in /usr/share/nginx/www/website.com/content/public. It's obviously silly to have that link in there, and if that link ever gets lost, bam dead website without an obvious cause. The next thing I tried... Was to remove the try_files directive entirely. This allowed me to rm the app link in my /public folder, and PHP had no problem locating the file and executing it. I used that to dump my $_SERVER global from PHP, and found that "SCRIPT_FILENAME" => "/usr/share/nginx/www/website.com/content/public/index.php" when the browser URI is /app. This is exactly right. Based on my fastcgi_params below, this led me to beleive that try_files $request_filename =404; should work, but no dice. nginx still doesn't find the file, and returns 404. So for right now, it will only work without any try_files directive. PHP finds the file, whereas try_files could not. I understand this may be a PHP security risk. Can anyone indicate how to move forward? The nginx logs don't contain anything relating to the failed try_files attempt, as far as I can see. fastcgi_aparams fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $request_filename; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root; fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol; fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1; fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx/$nginx_version; fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr; fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr; fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name; fastcgi_param HTTPS $server_https;

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  • How to export computers from Active Directory to XML using Powershell?

    - by CoDeRs
    I am trying to create a powershell scripts for Remote Desktop Connection Manager using the active directory module. My first thought was get a list of computers in AD and parse them out into XML format similar to the OU structure that is in AD. I have no problem with that, the below code will work just but not how I wanted. EG # here is a the array $OUs Americas/Canada/Canada Computers/Desktops Americas/Canada/Canada Computers/Laptops Americas/Canada/Canada Computers/Virtual Computers Americas/USA/USA Computers/Laptops Computers Disabled Accounts Domain Controllers EMEA/UK/UK Computers/Desktops EMEA/UK/UK Computers/Laptops Outside Sales and Service/Laptops Servers I wanted to have the basic XML structured like this Americas Canada Canada Computers Desktops Laptops Virtual Computers USA USA Computers Laptops Computers Disabled Accounts Domain Controllers EMEA UK UK Computers Desktops Laptops Outside Sales and Service Laptops Servers However if you run the below it does not nest the next string in the array it only restarts the from the beginning and duplicating Americas Canada Canada Computers Desktops Americas Canada Canada Computers Laptops Americas Canada Canada Computers Virtual Computers Americas USA USA Computers Laptops RDCMGenerator.ps1 #Importing Microsoft`s PowerShell-module for administering ActiveDirectory Import-Module ActiveDirectory #Initial variables $OUs = @() $RDCMVer = "2.2" $userName = "domain\username" $password = "Hashed Password+" $Path = "$env:temp\test.xml" $allComputers = Get-ADComputer -LDAPFilter "(OperatingSystem=*)" -Properties Name,Description,CanonicalName | Sort-Object CanonicalName | select Name,Description,CanonicalName $allOUObjects = $allComputers | Foreach {"$($_.CanonicalName)"} Function Initialize-XML{ ##<RDCMan schemaVersion="1"> $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('RDCMan') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('schemaVersion', '1') $xmlWriter.WriteElementString('version',$RDCMVer) $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('file') $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('properties') $xmlWriter.WriteElementString('name',$env:userdomain) $xmlWriter.WriteElementString('expanded','true') $xmlWriter.WriteElementString('comment','') $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('logonCredentials') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'None') $xmlWriter.WriteElementString('userName',$userName) $xmlWriter.WriteElementString('domain',$env:userdomain) $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('password') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('storeAsClearText', 'false') $XmlWriter.WriteRaw($password) $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('connectionSettings') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('gatewaySettings') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('remoteDesktop') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'None') $xmlWriter.WriteElementString('size','1024 x 768') $xmlWriter.WriteElementString('sameSizeAsClientArea','True') $xmlWriter.WriteElementString('fullScreen','False') $xmlWriter.WriteElementString('colorDepth','32') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('localResources') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('securitySettings') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('displaySettings') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() } Function Create-Group ($groupName){ #Start Group $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('properties') $xmlWriter.WriteElementString('name',$groupName) $xmlWriter.WriteElementString('expanded','true') $xmlWriter.WriteElementString('comment','') $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('logonCredentials') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('connectionSettings') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('gatewaySettings') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('remoteDesktop') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('localResources') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('securitySettings') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('displaySettings') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() } Function Create-Server ($computerName, $computerDescription) { #Start Server $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('server') $xmlWriter.WriteElementString('name',$computerName) $xmlWriter.WriteElementString('displayName',$computerDescription) $xmlWriter.WriteElementString('comment','') $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('logonCredentials') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('connectionSettings') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('gatewaySettings') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('remoteDesktop') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('localResources') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('securitySettings') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('displaySettings') $XmlWriter.WriteAttributeString('inherit', 'FromParent') $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() #Stop Server } Function Close-XML { $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() # finalize the document: $xmlWriter.Flush() $xmlWriter.Close() notepad $path } #Strip out Domain and Computer Name from CanonicalName foreach($OU in $allOUObjects){ $newSplit = $OU.split("/") $rebildOU = "" for($i=1; $i -le ($newSplit.count - 2); $i++){ $rebildOU += $newSplit[$i] + "/" } $OUs += $rebildOU.substring(0,($rebildOU.length - 1)) } #Remove Duplicate OU's $OUs = $OUs | select -uniq #$OUs # get an XMLTextWriter to create the XML $XmlWriter = New-Object System.XMl.XmlTextWriter($Path,$UTF8) # choose a pretty formatting: $xmlWriter.Formatting = 'Indented' $xmlWriter.Indentation = 1 $XmlWriter.IndentChar = "`t" # write the header $xmlWriter.WriteStartDocument() # # 'encoding', 'utf-8' How? # # set XSL statements #Initialize Pre-Defined XML Initialize-XML ######################################################### # Start Loop for each OU-Path that has a computer in it ######################################################### foreach ($OU in $OUs){ $totalGroupName = "" #Create / Reset Total OU-Path Completed $OU.split("/") | foreach { #Split the OU-Path into individual OU's $groupName = "$_" #Current OU $totalGroupName += $groupName + "/" #Total OU-Path Completed $xmlWriter.WriteStartElement('group') #Start new XML Group Create-Group $groupName #Call function to create XML Group ################################################ # Start Loop for each Computer in $allComputers ################################################ foreach($computer in $allComputers){ $computerOU = $computer.CanonicalName #Set the computers OU-Path $OUSplit = $computerOU.split("/") #Create the Split for the OU-Path $rebiltOU = "" #Create / Reset the stripped OU-Path for($i=1; $i -le ($OUSplit.count - 2); $i++){ #Start Loop for OU-Path to strip out the Domain and Computer Name $rebiltOU += $OUSplit[$i] + "/" #Rebuild the stripped OU-Path } if ($rebiltOU -eq $totalGroupName){ #Compare the Current OU-Path with the computers stripped OU-Path $computerName = $computer.Name #Set the computer name $computerDescription = $computerName + " - " + $computer.Description #Set the computer Description Create-Server $computerName $computerDescription #Call function to create XML Server } } } ################################################### # Start Loop to close out XML Groups created above ################################################### $totalGroupName.split("/") | foreach { #Split the if ($_ -ne "" ){ $xmlWriter.WriteEndElement() #End Group } } } Close-XML

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  • Apache/Jboss Issue - is this connection timeout?

    - by user115391
    We have an application. The architecture is as below 1 load balancer (apache), which redirects to 2 app servers (jboss). The site is working fine and I am able to access it fine. But sometimes, randomly the homepage takes a while (like 30-40 secs) to load. I tried checking the logs but could not figure out why. I used the httptraffic analyzer, fiddler to see the traffic, but it just says the request/response took 30 secs or so. I checked the apache access logs, mod_jk.log. My configurations are below mod-jk.conf LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log #JkLogLevel info #JkLogLevel debug JkLogLevel error # Select the log format JkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y]" JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompatUnparsed -ForwardDirectories JkRequestLogFormat "%w %V %T %P %{tid}P %D" JkMount /__application__/* loadbalancer JkUnMount /__application__/images/* loadbalancer <VirtualHost *:8080 > JkMountFile conf/uriworkermap.properties </VirtualHost> JkShmFile run/jk.shm <Location /jkstatus> JkMount status Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.1 </Location> ----------------------------- uriworkermap.properties Simple worker configuration file # Mount the Servlet context to the ajp13 worker /=loadbalancer /*=loadbalancer ----------------------------- workers.properties worker.list=loadbalancer,status worker.template.port=8009 worker.template.type=ajp13 worker.template.lbfactor=1 worker.template.prepost_timeout=10000 worker.template.connect_timeout=10000 worker.template.ping_mode=A worker.worker1.reference=worker.template worker.worker1.host=hostname1 worker.worker2.reference=worker.template worker.worker2.host=hostname2 worker.loadbalancer.type=lb worker.loadbalancer.balance_workers=worker1,worker2 worker.status.type=status ----------------------------- my jboss server.xml - $JBOSS_HOME/server/default/deploy/jbossweb.sar/server.xml --------------------------------- The logs from access log is below The issue where it took time - look at the seconds column [23/Mar/2012:12:10:38 -0400] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 138 x.x.x.x - - [23/Mar/2012:12:10:49 -0400] "GET /index.jsp HTTP/1.1" 302 - x.x.x.x - - [23/Mar/2012:12:11:10 -0400] "GET /home.jsp HTTP/1.1" 200 936 x.x.x.x - - [23/Mar/2012:12:11:31 -0400] "POST /login/ HTTP/1.1" 200 8895 x.x.x.x - - [23/Mar/2012:12:11:52 -0400] "GET /login/includes/login-style.css HTTP/1.1" 304 - The one after the issue x.x.x.x - - [23/Mar/2012:12:12:18 -0400] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 138 x.x.x.x - - [23/Mar/2012:12:12:18 -0400] "GET /index.jsp HTTP/1.1" 302 - x.x.x.x - - [23/Mar/2012:12:12:18 -0400] "GET /home.jsp HTTP/1.1" 200 936 x.x.x.x - - [23/Mar/2012:12:12:18 -0400] "POST /login/ HTTP/1.1" 200 8895 x.x.x.x - - [23/Mar/2012:12:12:18 -0400] "GET /login/includes/login-style.css HTTP/1.1" 304 - Would it be a cache or timeout issue? Any help is appreciated. Thanks.

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  • how does openvpn decide which interface to get IP addrs from

    - by bkrupa
    Using ubuntu 10.04 on both ends. We have a client and server machine on the SAME network attempting to make a vpn connection. We use the config files from here and made minimal changes. The server and client start and seem to connect without any trouble. The server looks like: Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 MULTI: multi_create_instance called Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Re-using SSL/TLS context Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 LZO compression initialized Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1574 D:138 EF:38 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1574 D:1450 EF:42 EB:135 ET:32 EL:0 AF:3/1 ] Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Local Options hash (VER=V4): 'f7df56b8' Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4): 'd79ca330' Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 TLS: Initial packet from 192.168.1.55:47166, sid=69112e42 5458135b *...* Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 1024 bit RSA Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 [client1] Peer Connection Initiated with 192.168.1.55:47166 On the client side the connection looks like: Wed Feb 23 22:20:07 2011 [server] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET]192.168.1.41:1194 Wed Feb 23 22:20:10 2011 SENT CONTROL [server]: 'PUSH_REQUEST' (status=1) Wed Feb 23 22:20:10 2011 PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,route-gateway 10.8.0.4,ping 10,ping-restart 120,ifconfig 10.8.0.50 255.255.255.0' ... Wed Feb 23 22:20:10 2011 /sbin/ifconfig tap0 10.8.0.50 netmask 255.255.255.0 mtu 1500 broadcast 10.8.0.255 Wed Feb 23 22:20:10 2011 Initialization Sequence Completed The openvpn server has been configured to assign ip addresses in the range 10.8.0.* and the client has been given 10.8.0.50. When I run the following nmap from the client: Starting Nmap 5.00 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2011-02-23 22:04 EST Host 10.8.0.50 is up (0.00047s latency). Nmap done: 256 IP addresses (1 host up) scanned in 30.34 seconds Host 192.168.1.1 is up (0.0025s latency). Host 192.168.1.18 is up (0.074s latency). Host 192.168.1.41 is up (0.0024s latency). Host 192.168.1.55 is up (0.00018s latency). Nmap done: 256 IP addresses (4 hosts up) scanned in 6.33 seconds If I run an nmap from the server on 10.8.0.* I get nothing. If the client has two interfaces (wireless and tap device) when you look for a certain ip address, how does it decide which interface to connect on? edit I am trying to set up a vpn so that I can connect to my home network from a remote network. It seems like openvpn is connecting but none of the computers on my home network appear as network machines even after the connection is "Established". Stripped versions of the client and server config files are posted below. Thanks for any help you can offer. server.conf port 1194 proto udp dev tap ca /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/server.key # This file should be kept secret dh /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/dh1024.pem ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt server-bridge 10.8.0.4 255.255.255.0 10.8.0.50 10.8.0.100 keepalive 10 120 comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun status openvpn-status.log verb 3 client.conf client dev tap dev-node tap0901 proto udp remote ********** 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca ca.crt cert client1.crt key client1.key comp-lzo verb 3 one other thing that might be helpful, I tried to connect using the openvpn gui for windows and the connection stalls out on "obtaining configuration" and the bar just scrolls forever.

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  • Linux not buffering block I/O when the device is not "in use" (i.e. mounted)

    - by Radek Hladík
    I am installing new server and I've found an interesting issue. The server is running Fedora 19 (3.11.7-200.fc19.x86_64 kernel) and is supposed to host a few KVM/Qemu virtual servers (mail server, file server, etc..). The HW is Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU 5160 @ 3.00GHz with 16GB RAM. One of the most important features will be Samba server and we have decided to make it as virtual machine with almost direct access to the disks. So the real HDD is cached on SSD (via bcache) then raided with md and the final device is exported into the virtual machine via virtio. The virtual machine is again Fedora 19 with the same kernel. One important topic to find out is whether the virtualization layer will not introduce high overload into disk I/Os. So far I've been able to get up to 180MB/s in VM and up to 220MB/s on real HW (on the SSD disk). I am still not sure why the overhead is so big but it is more than the network can handle so I do not care so much. The interesting thing is that I've found that the disk reads are not buffered in the VM unless I create and mount FS on the disk or I use the disks somehow. Simply put: Lets do dd to read disk for the first time (the /dev/vdd is an old Raptor disk 70MB/s is its real speed): [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 36.8038 s, 71.2 MB/s Buffers: 14444 kB Rereading the data shows that they are cached somewhere but not in buffers of the VM. Also the speed increased to "only" 500MB/s. The VM has 4GB of RAM (more that the test file) [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 5.16016 s, 508 MB/s Buffers: 14444 kB [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 5.05727 s, 518 MB/s Buffers: 14444 kB Now lets mount the FS on /dev/vdd and try the dd again: [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/vdd /mnt/tmp [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 4.68578 s, 559 MB/s Buffers: 2574592 kB [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 1.50504 s, 1.7 GB/s Buffers: 2574592 kB While the first read was the same, all 2.6GB got buffered and the next read was at 1.7GB/s. And when I unmount the device: [root@localhost ~]# umount /mnt/tmp [root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers Buffers: 14452 kB [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/vdd of=/dev/null bs=256k count=10000 ; cat /proc/meminfo | grep Buffers 2621440000 bytes (2.6 GB) copied, 5.10499 s, 514 MB/s Buffers: 14468 kB The bcache was disabled while testing and the results are same on faster (newer) HDDs and on SSD (except for the initial read speed of course). To sum it up. When I read from the device via dd first time, it gets read from the disk. Next time I reread it gets cached in the host but not in the guest (thats actually the same issue, more on that later). When I mount the filesystem but try to read the device directly it gets cached in VM (via buffers). As soon as I stop "using" it, buffers are discarded and the device is not cached anymore in the VM. When I looked into buffers value on the host I realized that the situation is the same. The block I/O gets buffered only when the disk is in use, in this case it means "exported to a VM". On host, after all the measurement done: 3165552 buffers On the host, after the VM shutdown: 119176 buffers I know it is not important as the disks will be mounted all the time but I am curious and I would like to know why it is working like this.

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  • Ubuntu 10.04: OpenVZ Kernel and pure-ftpd issues on HOST (no guest setup yet)

    - by Seidr
    After compiling and installing the OpenVZ flavour of kernel under Ubuntu 10.04, I am unable to browse to certain directories when connecting to the pure-ftpd server. The clients are dropping into PASSIVE mode, which is fine. This behaviour was happening before the change of kernel, however now when I browse to certain directories the connection just gets dropped. This only happens with a few directories under one login (web in specific), where as with another login it happens as soon as I connect. I've got the nf_conntrack_ftp kernel module installed (required to keep track of passive FTP connections as I understand, and an alias of the ip_conntrack_ftp module), however this has provided no alleviation of my problem. This module was actually required upon initial setup of my OS to get passive FTP working correctly, however when I compiled the OpenVZ kernel a lot of these modules were missing (iptables, conntrack etc). I recompiled the kernel with the missing modules, but to no effect. I've turned verbosity for the pure-ftpd server up, and still no clues have been spotted in either syslog or the transfer log. Neither did an strace provide any clues (that I could discern anyway) - although one strange thing is both in the output to the client and in the strace I notice that it does infact probe the directory and return the number of matches - it just fails after that. One more thing to mention is that if I FTP using the same credentials locally, everything works fine. This suggests that it is in fact an issue with either the conntrack_ftp module not functioning as expected, or a deeper networking issue. The Kernel was compiled and installed following the instructions at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/OpenVZ - bar the changes to the Kernel configuration (such as add iptables as a module). Below is an example of the log sent to the data (under FileZilla). Status: Resolving address of xxxx.co.uk Status: Connecting to 78.46.xxx.xxx:21... Status: Connection established, waiting for welcome message... Response: 220---------- Welcome to Pure-FTPd [privsep] [TLS] ---------- Response: 220-You are user number 4 of 10 allowed. Response: 220-Local time is now 08:52. Server port: 21. Response: 220-This is a private system - No anonymous login Response: 220-IPv6 connections are also welcome on this server. Response: 220 You will be disconnected after 15 minutes of inactivity. Command: USER xxx Response: 331 User xxx OK. Password required Command: PASS ******** Response: 230-User xxx has group access to: client1 sshusers Response: 230 OK. Current restricted directory is / Command: OPTS UTF8 ON Response: 200 OK, UTF-8 enabled Status: Connected Status: Retrieving directory listing... Command: PWD Response: 257 "/" is your current location Status: Directory listing successful Status: Retrieving directory listing... Command: CWD /web Response: 250 OK. Current directory is /web Command: TYPE I Response: 200 TYPE is now 8-bit binary Command: PORT 10,0,2,30,14,143 Response: 500 I won't open a connection to 10.0.2.30 (only to 188.220.xxx.xxx) Command: PASV Response: 227 Entering Passive Mode (78,46,79,147,234,110) Command: MLSD Response: 150 Accepted data connection Response: 226-ASCII Response: 226-Options: -a -l Response: 226 57 matches total Error: Could not read from transfer socket: ECONNRESET - Connection reset by peer Error: Failed to retrieve directory listing Any suggestions please? I'm willing to try anything!

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  • Web Site Serving, Cloud-Computing, oh, my

    - by Frank
    I'm planning a software based service. To give it a bit of context (type of traffic), assume it similar to facebook in nature (with a little GitHub thrown in). I've been trying to understand my different hosting options. I've been using a shared host with GoDaddy for years just fine. I currently host a Wordpress web site there and I've not had any problems. Quite frankly, they've taken good care of me. However, the nature of a shared hosting environment is limited in nature. For example, I can't do anything but host a web site there. For example, I can not run a Mercurial server. Last time I attempted to build a web application with the intention of eventually launching it via GoDaddy, I ran in to all sorts of troubles because it was shared-hosted. Assembly issues, etc. At the time, the cost and time sank my project. (The lack of direct access was also frustrating.) (to be fair to godaddy, this was over 3 years ago) I've been looking at Rackspace or Amazon as a possible cloud solution but it seems to be just processing power and bandwidth (and an OS). From what I understand, I'd need to get Apache and MySQL Working on my own. The way cloud hosting is priced, however, seems appealing. I figure my final option might be to use a virtual private host. I think this would be more flexible than a shared-host site but less scalable than a cloud based server. So, I guess my question is what is an appropriate solution for someone who intends to build a web application service? I figure that I need to establish a hosting environment now rather than later so I can plan to effectively use the environment. I'd prefer to be fairly economical to start out with. I really can't afford to pay $999 (or even $99) while I build up the site and get the core functionality online but at the same time, I'd like to have the selected environment grow as needed. Thank you.

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  • Squid Proxy: url_regex acl is not working?

    - by bharathi
    I am using squid proxy 3.1 in ubuntu machine. I want to allow only urls matching our pattern through our proxy server. I configured acl like below. Acl for dstdomain is working fine. If i access any url besides .zmedia.com , I got proxy connection refused. But the url_regex is not working. What i am trying here is. Allow only request from ".zmedia.com" domain and the request url should be in "/blog" context. # # Recommended minimum configuration: # acl manager proto cache_object acl localhost src 127.0.0.1/32 ::1 acl to_localhost dst 127.0.0.0/8 ::1 acl urlwhitelist url_regex -i ^http(s)://([a-zA-Z]+).zmedia.com/blog/.*$ acl allowdomain dstdomain .zmedia.com acl Safe_ports port 80 8080 8500 7272 # Example rule allowing access from your local networks. # Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing # should be allowed acl SSL_ports port 443 acl Safe_ports port 80 # http acl Safe_ports port 21 # ftp acl Safe_ports port 443 # https acl Safe_ports port 70 # gopher acl Safe_ports port 210 # wais acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535 # unregistered ports acl Safe_ports port 280 # http-mgmt acl Safe_ports port 488 # gss-http acl Safe_ports port 591 # filemaker acl Safe_ports port 777 # multiling http acl SSL_ports port 7272 # multiling http acl CONNECT method CONNECT # # Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration: # # Only allow cachemgr access from localhost http_access allow manager localhost http_access deny manager http_access deny !allowdomain http_access allow urlwhitelist http_access allow CONNECT SSL_ports http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports # Deny requests to certain unsafe ports http_access deny !Safe_ports # Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports # We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent # web applications running on the proxy server who think the only # one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user #http_access deny to_localhost # # INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS # # Example rule allowing access from your local networks. # Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks # from where browsing should be allowed http_access allow localhost # And finally deny all other access to this proxy http_access deny all # Squid normally listens to port 3128 http_port 3128 # We recommend you to use at least the following line. hierarchy_stoplist cgi-bin ? # Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory. #cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256 # Leave coredumps in the first cache dir coredump_dir /var/spool/squid append_domain .zmedia.com # Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these. refresh_pattern ^ftp: 1440 20% 10080 refresh_pattern ^gopher: 1440 0% 1440 refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0 0% 0 refresh_pattern . 0 20% 4320 Please correct me , If i did anything wrong?

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  • Asterisk Outgoing CDR Logging To Mysql

    - by user3295551
    Trying to utilize the cdr logging (to mysql) using custom fields. The problem I am facing is only when an outbound call is placed, during inbound calls the custom field I am able to log no problem. The reason I am having an issue is because the custom cdr field I need is a unique value for each user on the system. sip.conf ... ... [sales_department](!) type=friend host=dynamic context=SalesAgents disallow=all allow=ulaw allow=alaw qualify=yes qualifyfreq=30 ;; company sales agents: [11](sales_agent) secret=xxxxxx callerid="<...>" [12](sales_agent) secret=xxxxxx callerid="<...>" [13](sales_agent) secret=xxxxxx callerid="<...>" [14](sales_agent) secret=xxxxxx callerid="<...>" extensions.conf [SalesAgents] include => Services ; Outbound calls exten=>_1NXXNXXXXXX,1,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN}@myprovider) ; Inbound calls exten=>100,1,NoOp() same => n,Set(CDR(agent_id)=11) same => n,CELGenUserEvent(Custom Event) same => n,Dial(${11_1},25) same => n,GotoIf($["${DIALSTATUS}" = "BUSY"]?busy:unavail) same => n(unavail),VoiceMail(11@asterisk) same => n,Hangup() same => n(busy),VoiceMail(11@asterisk) same => n,Hangup() exten=>101,1,NoOp() same => n,Set(CDR(agent_id)=12) same => n,CELGenUserEvent(Custom Event) same => n,Dial(${12_1},25) same => n,GotoIf($["${DIALSTATUS}" = "BUSY"]?busy:unavail) same => n(unavail),VoiceMail(12@asterisk) same => n,Hangup() same => n(busy),VoiceMail(12@asterisk) same => n,Hangup() ... ... For the inbound section of the dialplan in the above example I am able to insert the custom cdr field (agent_id). But above it you can see for the Oubound section of the dialplan I have been stumped on how I would be able to tell the dialplan which agent_id is making the outbound call. My Question: how to take the agent_id=[11] & agent_id=[12] and agent_id=[13] and agent_id=[14] etc and use that as a custom field for cdr on outbound calls?

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  • Sysadmin 101: How can I figure out why my server crashes and monitor performance?

    - by bflora
    I have a Drupal-powered site that seems to have neverending performance problems. It was butt-slow about 5 months ago. I brought in some guys who installed nginx for anonymous visitors, ajaxified a few queries so they wouldn't fire during page load, and helped me find a few bottlenecks in the code. For about a month, the site was significantly faster, though not "fast" by any stretch of the word. Meanwhile, I'm now shelling out $400/month to Slicehost to host a site that gets less than 5,000/uniques a day. Yes, you read that right. Go Drupal. Recently the site started crashing again and is slow again. I can't afford to hire people to come in, study my code from top to bottom, and make changes that may or may not help anymore. And I can't afford to throw more hardware at the problem. So I need to figure out what the problem is myself. Questions: When apache crashes, is it possible to find out what caused it to crash? There has to be a way, right? If so, how can I do this? Is there software I can use that will tell me which process caused my server to die? (e.g. "Apache crashed because someone visited page X." or "Apache crashed because you were importing too many RSS items from feed X.") There's got to be a way to learn this, right? What's a good, noob-friendly way to monitor my current apache performance? My developer friends tell me to "just use Top, dude," but Top shows me a bunch of numbers without any context. I have no clue what qualifies as a bad number or a good number in Top, or which processes are relevant and which aren't. Are there any noob-friendly server monitoring tools out there? Ideally, I could have a page that would give me a color-coded indicator about how apache is performing and then show me a list of processes or pages that are sucking right now. This way, I could know when performance is bad and then what's causing it to be so bad. Why does PHP memory matter? My apparently has a 30MB memory foot print. Will it run faster if I bring that number down? Thanks for any advice. I spent a year or so trying to boost my advertising income so I could hire a contractor to solve my performance woes. I didn't want to have to learn all this sysadmin voodoo. I'm now resigned to the fact that might not have a choice.

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  • Performance issues when using SSD for a developer notebook (WAMP/LAMP stack)?

    - by András Szepesházi
    I'm a web application developer using my notebook as a standalone development environment (WAMP stack). I just switched from a Core2-duo Vista 32 bit notebook with 2Gb RAM and SATA HDD, to an i5-2520M Win7 64 bit with 4Gb RAM and 128 GB SDD (Corsair P3 128). My initial experience was what I expected, fast boot, quick load of all the applications (Eclipse takes now 5 seconds as opposed to 30s on my old notebook), overall great experience. Then I started to build up my development stack, both as LAMP (using VirtualBox with a debian guest) and WAMP (windows native apache + mysql + php). I wanted to compare those two. This still all worked great out, then I started to pull in my projects to these stacks. And here came the nasty surprise, one of those projects produced a lot worse response times than on my old notebook (that was true for both the VirtualBox and WAMP stack). Apache, php and mysql configurations were practically identical in all environments. I started to do a lot of benchmarking and profiling, and here is what I've found: All general benchmarks (Performance Test 7.0, HDTune Pro, wPrime2 and some more) gave a big advantage to the new notebook. Nothing surprising here. Disc specific tests showed that read/write operations peaked around 380M/160M for the SSD, and all the different sized block operations also performed very well. Started apache performance benchmarking with Apache Benchmark for a small static html file (10 concurrent threads, 500 iterations). Old notebook: min 47ms, median 111ms, max 156ms New WAMP stack: min 71ms, median 135ms, max 296ms New LAMP stack (in VirtualBox): min 6ms, median 46ms, max 175ms Right here I don't get why the native WAMP stack performed so bad, but at least the LAMP environment brought the expected speed. Apache performance measurement for non-cached php content. The php runs a loop of 1000 and generates sha1(uniqid()) inisde. Again, 10 concurrent threads, 500 iterations were used for the benchmark. Old notebook: min 0ms, median 39ms, max 218ms New WAMP stack: min 20ms, median 61ms, max 186ms New LAMP stack (in VirtualBox): min 124ms, median 704ms, max 2463ms What the hell? The new LAMP performed miserably, and even the new native WAMP was outperformed by the old notebook. php + mysql test. The test consists of connecting to a database and reading a single record form a table using INNER JOIN on 3 more (indexed) tables, repeated 100 times within a loop. Databases were identical. 10 concurrent threads, 100 iterations were used for the benchmark. Old notebook: min 1201ms, median 1734ms, max 3728ms New WAMP stack: min 367ms, median 675ms, max 1893ms New LAMP stack (in VirtualBox): min 1410ms, median 3659ms, max 5045ms And the same test with concurrency set to 1 (instead of 10): Old notebook: min 1201ms, median 1261ms, max 1357ms New WAMP stack: min 399ms, median 483ms, max 539ms New LAMP stack (in VirtualBox): min 285ms, median 348ms, max 444ms Strictly for my purposes, as I'm using a self contained development environment (= low concurrency) I could be satisfied with the second test's result. Though I have no idea why the VirtualBox environment performed so bad with higher concurrency. Finally I performed a test of including many php files. The application that I mentioned at the beginning, the one that was performing so bad, has a heavy bootstrap, loads hundreds of small library and configuration files while initializing. So this test does nothing else just includes about 100 files. Concurrency set to 1, 100 iterations: Old notebook: min 140ms, median 168ms, max 406ms New WAMP stack: min 434ms, median 488ms, max 604ms New LAMP stack (in VirtualBox): min 413ms, median 1040ms, max 1921ms Even if I consider that VirtualBox reached those files via shared folders, and that slows things down a bit, I still don't see how could the old notebook outperform so heavily both new configurations. And I think this is the real root of the slow performance, as the application uses even more includes, and the whole bootstrap will occur several times within a page request (for each ajax call, for example). To sum it up, here I am with a brand new high-performance notebook that loads the same page in 20 seconds, that my old notebook can do in 5-7 seconds. Needless to say, I'm not a very happy person right now. Why do you think I experience these poor performance values? What are my options to remedy this situation?

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  • Authenticate by libpam-mysql and libnss-mysql (CentOS)

    - by Chris
    I'm trying to get MySQL to function as a backend for authenticating users on CentOS 6.3. So far I have successfully installed and configured libnss-mysql. I can test this by doing: # groups testuser testuser : sftp Testuser is a member of the sftp group in fact, all MySQL based useraccounts will be hardcoded to it. The sftp group is chrooted and forced to use internal-sftp so they cannot do anything but access their home directory. Then I configured pam-mysql and PAM to allow mysql logins. This also works.. When SELinux is not enforcing. When I do setenforce 1 users can no longer login. Error: Permission denied, please try again. This is my pam_mysql.conf file: users.host=localhost users.db_user=nss-pam-user users.db_passwd=*********** users.database=sftpusers users.table=users users.user_column=username users.password_column=password users.password_crypt=6 verbose=1 My /etc/pam.d/sshd: #%PAM-1.0 auth sufficient pam_sepermit.so auth include password-auth auth required pam_mysql.so config_file=/etc/pam_mysql.conf account sufficient pam_nologin.so account include password-auth account required pam_mysql.so config_file=/etc/pam_mysql.conf password include password-auth # pam_selinux.so close should be the first session rule session required pam_selinux.so close session required pam_loginuid.so # pam_selinux.so open should only be followed by sessions to be executed in the user context session required pam_selinux.so open env_params session optional pam_keyinit.so force revoke session include password-auth And to be complete the contents of some log files.. /var/logs/secure Nov 20 14:52:20 hostname unix_chkpwd[4891]: check pass; user unknown Nov 20 14:52:20 hostname unix_chkpwd[4891]: password check failed for user (testuser) Nov 20 14:52:20 hostname sshd[4880]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=192.168.10.107 user=testuser Nov 20 14:52:22 sftpusers sshd[4880]: Failed password for testuser from 192.168.10.107 port 51849 ssh2 /var/logs/audit/audit.log type=USER_AUTH msg=audit(1353420107.070:812): user pid=5285 uid=0 auid=500 ses=24 subj=unconfined_u:system_r:sshd_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023 msg='op=pubkey acct="testuser" exe="/usr/sbin/sshd" hostname=? addr=192.168.10.107 terminal=ssh res=failed' type=USER_AUTH msg=audit(1353420112.312:813): user pid=5285 uid=0 auid=500 ses=24 subj=unconfined_u:system_r:sshd_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023 msg='op=PAM:authentication acct="testuser" exe="/usr/sbin/sshd" hostname=192.168.10.107 addr=192.168.10.107 terminal=ssh res=failed' type=USER_AUTH msg=audit(1353420112.456:814): user pid=5285 uid=0 auid=500 ses=24 subj=unconfined_u:system_r:sshd_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023 msg='op=password acct="testuser" exe="/usr/sbin/sshd" hostname=? addr=192.168.10.107 terminal=ssh res=failed' I tried to let audit2why explain the problem but it remains silent even though there are some errors. Does anyone see the problem? Thanks! EDIT: Turns out it's almost working with setenforce 0 I can mkdir foobar but if I do a single ls I get an error: Received message too long 16777216

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  • php-fpm + persistent sockets = 502 bad gateway

    - by leeoniya
    Put on your reading glasses - this will be a long-ish one. First, what I'm doing. I'm building a web-app interface for some particularly slow tcp devices. Opening a socket to them takes 200ms and an fwrite/fread cycle takes another 300ms. To reduce the need for both of these actions on each request, I'm opening a persistent tcp socket which reduces the response time by the aforementioned 200ms. I was hoping PHP-FPM would share the persistent connections between requests from different clients (and indeed it does!), but there are some issues which I havent been able to resolve after 2 days of interneting, reading logs and modifying settings. I have somewhat narrowed it down though. Setup: Ubuntu 13.04 x64 Server (fully updated) on Linode PHP 5.5.0-6~raring+1 (fpm-fcgi) nginx/1.5.2 Relevent config: nginx worker_processes 4; php-fpm/pool.d pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 2 pm.start_servers = 2 pm.min_spare_servers = 2 Let's go from coarse to fine detail of what happens. After a fresh start I have 4x nginx processes and 2x php5-fpm processes waiting to handle requests. Then I send requests every couple seconds to the script. The first take a while to open the socket connection and returns with the data in about 500ms, the second returns data in 300ms (yay it's re-using the socket), the third also succeeds in about 300ms, the fourth request = 502 Bad Gateway, same with the 5th. Sixth request once again returns data, except now it took 500ms again. The process repeats for several cycles after which every 4 requests result in 2x 502 Bad Gateways and 2x 500ms Data responses. If I double all the fpm pool values and have 4x php-fpm processes running, the cycles settles in with 4x successful 500ms responses followed by 4x Bad Gateway errors. If I don't use persistent sockets, this issue goes away but then every request is 500ms. What I suspect is happening is the persistent socket keeps each php-fpm process from idling and ties it up, so the next one gets chosen until none are left and as they error out, maybe they are restarted and become available on the next round-robin loop ut the socket dies with the process. I haven't yet checked the 'slowlog', but the nginx error log shows lots of this: *188 recv() failed (104: Connection reset by peer) while reading response header from upstream, client:... All the suggestions on the internet regarding fixing nginx/php-fpm/502 bad gateway relate to high load or fcgi_pass misconfiguration. This is not the case here. Increasing buffers/sizes, changing timeouts, switching from unix socket to tcp socket for fcgi_pass, upping connection limits on the system....none of this stuff applies here. I've had some other success with setting pm = ondemand rather than dynamic, but as soon as the initial fpm-process gets killed off after idling, the persistent socket is gone for all subsequent php-fpm spawns. For the php script, I'm using stream_socket_client() with a STREAM_CLIENT_PERSISTENT flag. A while/stream_select() loop to detect socket data and fread($sock, 4096) to grab the data. I don't call fclose() obviously. If anyone has some additional questions or advice on how to get a persistent socket without tying up the php-fpm processes beyond the request completion, or maybe some other things to try, I'd appreciate it. some useful links: Nginx + php-fpm - recv() error Nginx + php-fpm "504 Gateway Time-out" error with almost zero load (on a test-server) Nginx + PHP-FPM "error 104 Connection reset by peer" causes occasional duplicate posts http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/programming-9/php-pfsockopen-552084/ http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14268018/concurrent-use-of-a-persistent-php-socket http://devzone.zend.com/303/extension-writing-part-i-introduction-to-php-and-zend/#Heading3 http://stackoverflow.com/questions/242316/how-to-keep-a-php-stream-socket-alive http://php.net/manual/en/install.fpm.configuration.php https://www.google.com/search?q=recv%28%29+failed+%28104:+Connection+reset+by+peer%29+while+reading+response+header+from+upstream+%22502%22&ei=mC1XUrm7F4WQyAHbv4H4AQ&start=10&sa=N&biw=1920&bih=953&dpr=1

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  • Excel "Remove Duplicates" feature does not remove all duplicates

    - by raph82
    When the Data ToolsRemove Duplicates command is used on the following list, some duplicates are not removed: Key 46509 46509 51442 51442 73367 73367 80048 80048 88396 88396 102576 102576 108095 108095 118613 118613 127224 127224 137549 137549 140164 140164 151679 151679 152975 152975 154986 154986 167715 167715 169166 169166 170427 170427 176303 176303 187038 187038 199856 199856 206589 206589 225371 225371 229767 229767 230680 230680 245333 245333 253697 253697 256002 256002 262094 262094 273060 273060 275584 275584 285569 285569 301930 301930 304993 304993 305965 305965 307299 307299 311438 311438 314461 314461 340545 340545 344517 344517 355035 355035 358387 358387 359982 359982 363904 363904 368642 368642 378666 378666 378744 378744 382396 382396 393542 393542 394320 394320 395258 395258 402047 402047 421796 421796 427972 427972 442651 442651 442654 442654 445786 445786 447124 447124 456682 456682 467303 467303 470437 470437 476340 476340 480976 480976 481450 481450 498967 498967 516068 516068 517592 517592 522621 522621 524678 524678 529405 529405 532909 532909 535096 535096 540835 540835 553197 553197 566893 566893 567730 567730 570751 570751 572259 572259 581701 581701 589753 589753 597923 597923 602282 602282 612011 612011 643774 643774 649471 649471 654159 654159 661681 661681 680578 680578 709714 709714 728036 728036 728680 728680 740252 740252 750843 750843 763430 763430 777724 777724 777870 777870 779703 779703 787034 787034 789776 789776 793859 793859 798479 798479 812410 812410 816599 816599 820169 820169 821236 821236 833511 833511 833701 833701 845925 845925 854408 854408 882853 882853 891710 891710 906251 906251 929802 929802 982039 982039 984503 984503 984539 984539 987889 987889 997188 997188 1002869 1002869 1018493 1018493 1020735 1020735 1028780 1028780 1032460 1032460 1047306 1047306 1052136 1052136 1054482 1054482 1062633 1062633 1066509 1066509 1069500 1069500 1075339 1075339 1082282 1082282 1100206 1100206 1105407 1105407 1111409 1111409 1112175 1112175 1112407 1112407 1113400 1113400 1117243 1117243 1121732 1121732 1152461 1152461 1153727 1153727 1157252 1157252 1163384 1163384 1195324 1195324 1197373 1197373 1201828 1201828 1202786 1202786 1216328 1216328 1223541 1223541 1225848 1225848 1228595 1228595 1239281 1239281 1264378 1264378 1267348 1267348 1291510 1291510 1309891 1309891 1321106 1321106 1322886 1322886 1327690 1327690 1344145 1344145 1346250 1346250 1352350 1352350 1357920 1357920 1363386 1363386 1365046 1365046 1370383 1370383 1376666 1376666 1383834 1383834 1414472 1414472 1418967 1418967 1419811 1419811 1421587 1421587 1432639 1432639 1442854 1442854 1455236 1455236 1461896 1461896 1466376 1466376 1477670 1477670 1480154 1480154 1481801 1481801 1498209 1498209 1504776 1504776 1511904 1511904 1017854_447 1017854_447 1085496_19 1085496_19 1280601_77 1280601_77 1350662_135 1350662_135 141944_382 141944_382 1525893_483 1525893_483 455968_177 455968_177 469495_157 469495_157 641583_74 641583_74 704267_63 704267_63 709992_199 709992_199 819399_224 819399_224 832188_358 832188_358 857189_467 857189_467 898328_334 898328_334 91033_245 91033_245 960992_341 960992_341 999706_361 999706_361 BLA1048669 BLA1048669 BLA1052457 BLA1052457 BLA1055176 BLA1055176 BLA1060585 BLA1060585 BLA1067125 BLA1067125 BLA107601 BLA107601 BLA1087509 BLA1087509 BLA1097390 BLA1097390 BLA1122471 BLA1122471 BLA1126436 BLA1126436 BLA112694 BLA112694 BLA1148652 BLA1148652 BLA1149504 BLA1149504 BLA1155256 BLA1155256 BLA1222348 BLA1222348 BLA1225575 BLA1225575 BLA1227779 BLA1227779 BLA124071 BLA124071 BLA1247411 BLA1247411 BLA1258830 BLA1258830 BLA1281625 BLA1281625 BLA128165 BLA128165 BLA1305848 BLA1305848 BLA1307751 BLA1307751 BLA130926 BLA130926 BLA1334270 BLA1334270 BLA1335674 BLA1335674 BLA1340102 BLA1340102 BLA1345080 BLA1345080 BLA1353398 BLA1353398 BLA1369834 BLA1369834 BLA1424977 BLA1424977 BLA142669 BLA142669 BLA1429760 BLA1429760 BLA1443592 BLA1443592 BLA1447085 BLA1447085 BLA1453639 BLA1453639 BLA1456355 BLA1456355 BLA1458745 BLA1458745 BLA148663 BLA148663 BLA1494220 BLA1494220 BLA1522880 BLA1522880 BLA152562 BLA152562 BLA1548628 BLA1548628 BLA182644 BLA182644 BLA186707 BLA186707 BLA188073 BLA188073 BLA199127 BLA199127 BLA207148 BLA207148 BLA209939 BLA209939 BLA232119 BLA232119 BLA240725 BLA240725 BLA267275 BLA267275 BLA303829 BLA303829 BLA346044 BLA346044 BLA348268 BLA348268 BLA367863 BLA367863 BLA386897 BLA386897 BLA390799 BLA390799 BLA415724 BLA415724 BLA425291 BLA425291 BLA427093 BLA427093 BLA462355 BLA462355 BLA46821 BLA46821 BLA477637 BLA477637 BLA501111 BLA501111 BLA522126 BLA522126 BLA530906 BLA530906 BLA576525 BLA576525 BLA639361 BLA639361 BLA644530 BLA644530 BLA65754 BLA65754 BLA670003 BLA670003 BLA687525 BLA687525 BLA709367 BLA709367 BLA714281 BLA714281 BLA719328 BLA719328 BLA736457 BLA736457 BLA759669 BLA759669 BLA76056 BLA76056 BLA767666 BLA767666 BLA780853 BLA780853 BLA793029 BLA793029 BLA796639 BLA796639 BLA803743 BLA803743 BLA815298 BLA815298 BLA828243 BLA828243 BLA864030 BLA864030 BLA864110 BLA864110 BLA882892 BLA882892 BLA885665 BLA885665 BLA897478 BLA897478 BLA903861 BLA903861 BLA91627 BLA91627 BLA925523 BLA925523 BLA928243 BLA928243 BLA932395 BLA932395 BLA935341 BLA935341 BLA940705 BLA940705 BLA966386 BLA966386 A message is displayed indicating 293 duplicate values were removed and 307 unique values remain. 7 duplicates are not removed: 1280601_77 1525893_483 455968_177 469495_157 641583_74 704267_63 709992_199 The initial list consist of Excel-ordered values of: numbers between 40,000 and 1,500,000 numbers in the same range with and added _ and a 1-999 suffix numbers in the same range prefixed with BLA Each value is present exactly twice. There are no formula involved. I already checked for extra spaces. Immediately reapplying the Remove Duplicates command does not remove the remaining duplicate values. Reapplying the Remove Duplicates command after a reverse-sort seems to remove the remaining duplicates. Reverse-sorting before using the first Remove Duplicates changes the result (213 duplicate values removed and 387 unique values remained), only in the non-suffixed non-prefixed group. Can you reproduce this bug in Excel 2007 like I do? What triggers it? Could it the composite (numbers and text) data set? I'm not looking for alternatives. I want to know when not to use the feature and revert to already known (Excel 2003 era) alternatives.

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  • Passwordless ssh failed when login using username

    - by Aczire
    I was trying to setup Hadoop and was stumbled on passwordless ssh to localhost. I am getting a password prompt when trying to connect using ssh username@hostname format. But there is no problem connecting to the machine like ssh localhost or ssh hostname.com. Tried ssh-copy-id user@hostname but it did not work. Using CentOS 6.3 as normal user, I neither have root access or am a sudoer so editing any files like sshd_config is not possible (not even cat the sshd_config file contents). I hope the user login is possible since I can do login without password to localhost, right? Please advise, Here is the ssh debug output. [[email protected] ~]$ ssh -v [email protected] OpenSSH_5.3p1, OpenSSL 1.0.0-fips 29 Mar 2010 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug1: Connecting to hostname.com [::1] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/identity type -1 debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_dsa type 2 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.3 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.3 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.3 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Host 'hostname.com' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts:1 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,password debug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-keyex debug1: No valid Key exchange context debug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-with-mic debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information Credentials cache file '/tmp/krb5cc_500' not found debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information Credentials cache file '/tmp/krb5cc_500' not found debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering public key: /home/user/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg ssh-dss blen 434 Agent admitted failure to sign using the key. debug1: Trying private key: /home/user/.ssh/identity debug1: Trying private key: /home/user/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Next authentication method: password [email protected]'s password:

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  • Write STDOUT & STDERR to a logfile, also write STDERR to screen

    - by Stefan Lasiewski
    I would like to run several commands, and capture all output to a logfile. I also want to print any errors to the screen (or optionally mail the output to someone). Here's an example. The following command will run three commands, and will write all output (STDOUT and STDERR) into a single logfile. { command1 && command2 && command3 ; } > logfile.log 2>&1 Here is what I want to do with the output of these commands: STDERR and STDOUT for all commands goes to a logfile, in case I need it later--- I usually won't look in here unless there are problems. Print STDERR to the screen (or optionally, pipe to /bin/mail), so that any error stands out and doesn't get ignored. It would be nice if the return codes were still usable, so that I could do some error handling. Maybe I want to send email if there was an error, like this: { command1 && command2 && command3 ; } logfile.log 2&1 || mailx -s "There was an error" [email protected] The problem I run into is that STDERR loses context during I/O redirection. A '2&1' will convert STDERR into STDOUT, and therefore I cannot view errors if I do 2 error.log Here are a couple juicier examples. Let's pretend that I am running some familiar build commands, but I don't want the entire build to stop just because of one error so I use the '--keep-going' flag. { ./configure && make --keep-going && make install ; } > build.log 2>&1 Or, here's a simple (And perhaps sloppy) build and deploy script, which will keep going in the event of an error. { ./configure && make --keep-going && make install && rsync -av --keep-going /foo devhost:/foo} > build-and-deploy.log 2>&1 I think what I want involves some sort of Bash I/O Redirection, but I can't figure this out.

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  • Do email forms need to be santized before sending?

    - by levi
    I have a client that keeps getting reports from godaddy's "websiteprotection.com" stating how the website is insecure. Your website contains pages that do not properly sanitize visitor-provided input to make sure it contains no malicious content or scripts. Cross-site scripting vulnerabilities let malicious users execute arbitrary HTML or script code in another visitor's browser. Output: The request string used to detect this flaw was : /cross_site_scripting.?nasl.asp The output was : HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r Date: Wed, 21 Mar 2012 08:12:02 GMT\r Server: Apache\r X-Pingback:http://?CLIENTSWEBSITE.com/?xmlrpc.php\r Expires: Wed, 11 Jan 1984 05:00:00 GMT\r Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate, max-age=0\r Pragma: no-cache\r Set-Cookie: PHPSESSID=?1jsnhuflvd59nb4trtquston50; path=/\r Last-Modified: Wed, 21 Mar 2012 08:12:02 GMT\r Keep-Alive: timeout=15, max=100\r Connection: Keep-Alive\r Transfer-Encoding: chunked\r Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r \r <div id="contact-form" class="widget"><form action="http://?CLIENTSWEBSITE.c om/<script>cross_site_?scripting.nasl</script>.asp" id="contactForm" meth od="post"> It looks like it has an issue with the contact form. All the contact form does is posts an ajax request to the same page, and than a PHP script mails the data (no database stuff). Is there any a security issues here? Any ideas on how I can satisfy the security scanner? Here is the form and script: <form action="<?php echo $this->getCurrentUrl(); ?>" id="contactForm" method="post"> <input type="text" name="Name" id="Name" value="" class="txt requiredField name" /> //Some more text inputs <input type="hidden" name="sendadd" id="sendadd" value="<?php echo $emailadd ; ?>" /> <input type="hidden" name="submitted" id="submitted" value="true" /><input class="submit" type="submit" value="Send" /> </form> // Some initial JS validation, if that passes an ajax post is made to the script below //If the form is submitted if(isset($_POST['submitted'])) { //Check captcha if (isset($_POST["captchaPrefix"])) { $capt = new ReallySimpleCaptcha(); $correct = $capt->check( $_POST["captchaPrefix"], $_POST["Captcha"] ); if( ! $correct ) { echo false; die(); } else { $capt->remove( $_POST["captchaPrefix"] ); } } $dateon = $_POST["dateon"]; $ToEmail = $_POST["sendadd"]; $EmailSubject = 'Contact Form Submission from ' . get_bloginfo('title'); $mailheader = "From: ".$_POST["Email"]."\r\n"; $mailheader .= "Reply-To: ".$_POST["Email"]."\r\n"; $mailheader .= "Content-type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1\r\n"; $MESSAGE_BODY = "Name: ".$_POST["Name"]."<br>"; $MESSAGE_BODY .= "Email Address: ".$_POST["Email"]."<br>"; $MESSAGE_BODY .= "Phone: ".$_POST["Phone"]."<br>"; if ($dateon == "on") {$MESSAGE_BODY .= "Date: ".$_POST["Date"]."<br>";} $MESSAGE_BODY .= "Message: ".$_POST["Comments"]."<br>"; mail($ToEmail, $EmailSubject, $MESSAGE_BODY, $mailheader) or die ("Failure"); echo true; die(); }

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  • opening adobe reader results in infinite explorer.exe process creation loop

    - by irrational John
    First, apologies if the answer to this is only a Google away. I tried, honest I did. But I wasn't able to find anything about this problem posted elsewhere. I'm using Adobe Reader v9.3.2 in Windows 7 Home Premium 64-bit. If you want more system details, then just request them. What happens is that when I attempt to open a PDF by clicking "Open" on it then (1) adobe reader never opens and (2) the explorer.exe program is (apparently) recursively opened. I base this on opening the Task Manager and seeing a long list of explorer.exe processes under the "Processes" tab. Usually there is only one. When I recreate this problem, the list of explorer.exe processes are at least a page or two long. (Too many to bother counting). I "correct" this problem by logging off and then logging back on. This kills all the explorer.exe tasks. Unfortunately I don't know another way to terminate them all. Now here's the curious part. This only happens when I attempt to "Open" a PDF file. If instead I use the context menu (right mouse click on the PDF) and select "Open with" and "Adobe Reader 9.3" then Adobe Reader opens the file with no problem. It seems that there is something wrong with the setting for the default open action for PDF files. However, I have been unable to fix this by changing the Windows setting. Here is what I have tried. When I open Control Panel > All Control Panel Items > Default Programs > Set Associations I do not find an entry for file type .pdf. There are only entries for .pdfxml and .pdx. When use "Open with" on a PDF file and select "Choose default program", the check box for "Always use the selected program to open this kind of file" is disabled (greyed out). I have uninstalled and reinstalled Adobe Reader but the problem persists. While obviously no lives are at stake here, this problem is annoying the frickin' heck out of me. If I forget and recreate this bug then I have to stop everything I'm doing to stop it. Any suggestions on how I might go about fixing this?

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  • Why do my Application Compatibility Toolkit Data Collectors fail to write to my ACT Log Share?

    - by Jay Michaud
    I am trying to get the Microsoft Application Compatibility Toolkit 5.6 (version 5.6.7320.0) to work, but I cannot get the Data Collectors to write to the ACT Log Share. The configuration is as follows. Machine: ACT-Server Domain: mydomain.example.com OS: Windows 7 Enterprise 64-bit Edition Windows Firewall configuration: File and Printer Sharing (SMB-In) is enabled for Public, Domain, and Private networks ACT Log Share: ACT Share permissions*: Group/user names Allow permissions --------------------------------------- Everyone Full Control Administrator Full Control Domain Admins Full Control Administrators Full Control ANONYMOUS LOGON Full Control Folder permissions*: Group/user name Allow permissions Apply to ------------------------------------------------- ANONYMOUS LOGON Read, write & execute This folder, subfolders, and files Domain Admins Full control This folder, subfolders, and files Everyone Read, write & execute This folder, subfolders, and files Administrators Full control This folder, subfolders, and files CREATOR OWNER Full control Subfolders and files SYSTEM Full control This folder, subfolders, and files INTERACTIVE Traverse folder / This folder, subfolders, and files execute file, List folder / read data, Read attributes, Read extended attributes, Create files / write data, Create folders / append data, Write attributes, Write extended attributes, Delete subfolders and files, Delete, Read permissions SERVICE (same as INTERACTIVE) BATCH (same as INTERACTIVE) *I am fully aware that these permissions are excessive, but that is beside the point of this question. Some of the clients running the Data Collector are domain members, but some are not. I am working under the assumption that this is a Windows file sharing permission issue or a network access policy issue, but of course, I could be wrong. It is my understanding that the Data Collector runs in the security context of the SYSTEM account, which for domain members appears on the network as MYDOMAIN\machineaccount. It is also my understanding from reading numerous pieces of documentation that setting the ANONYMOUS LOGON permissions as I have above should allow these computer accounts and non-domain-joined computers to access the share. To test connectivity, I set up the Windows XP Mode virtual machine (VM) on ACT-Server. In the VM, I opened a command prompt running as SYSTEM (using the old "at" command trick). I used this command prompt to run explorer.exe. In this Windows Explorer instance, I typed \ACT-Server\ACT into the address bar, and then I was prompted for logon credentials. The goal, though, was not to be prompted. I also used the "net use /delete" command in the command prompt window to delete connections to the ACT-Server\IPC$ share each time my connection attempt failed. I have made sure that the appropriate exceptions are Since ACT-Server is a domain member, the "Network access: Sharing and security model for local accounts" security policy is set to "Classic - local users authenticate as themselves". In spite of this, I still tried enabling the Guest account and adding permissions for it on the share to no effect. What am I missing here? How do I allow anonymous logons to a shared folder as a step toward getting my ACT Data Collectors to deposit their data correctly? Am I even on the right track, or is the issue elsewhere?

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  • "Possible SYN flooding" in log despite low number of SYN_RECV connections

    - by al4
    Recently we had an apache server which was responding very slowly due to SYN flooding. The workaround for this was to enable tcp_syncookies (net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1 in /etc/sysctl.conf). I posted a question about this here if you want more background. After enabling syncookies we started seeing the following message in /var/log/messages approximately every 60 seconds: [84440.731929] possible SYN flooding on port 80. Sending cookies. Vinko Vrsalovic informed me that this means the syn backlog is getting full, so I raised tcp_max_syn_backlog to 4096. At some point I also lowered tcp_synack_retries to 3 (down from the default of 5) by issuing sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries=3. After doing this, the frequency seemed to drop, with the interval of the messages varying between roughly 60 and 180 seconds. Next I issued sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog=65536, but am still getting the message in the log. Throughout all this I've been watching the number of connections in SYN_RECV state (by running watch --interval=5 'netstat -tuna |grep "SYN_RECV"|wc -l'), and it never goes higher than about 240, much much lower than the size of the backlog. Yet I have a Red Hat server which hovers around 512 (limit on this server is the default of 1024). Are there any other tcp settings which would limit the size of the backlog or am I barking up the wrong tree? Should the number of SYN_RECV connections in netstat -tuna correlate to the size of the backlog? Update As best I can tell I'm dealing with legitimate connections here, netstat -tuna|wc -l hovers around 5000. I've been researching this today and found this post from a last.fm employee, which has been rather useful. I've also discovered that the tcp_max_syn_backlog has no effect when syncookies are enabled (as per this link) So as a next step I set the following in sysctl.conf: net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 3 # default=5 net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 3 # default=5 net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536 # default=1024 net.core.wmem_max = 8388608 # default=124928 net.core.rmem_max = 8388608 # default=131071 net.core.somaxconn = 512 # default = 128 net.core.optmem_max = 81920 # default = 20480 I then setup my response time test, ran sysctl -p and disabled syncookies by sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=0. After doing this the number of connections in the SYN_RECV state still remained around 220-250, but connections were starting to delay again. Once I noticed these delays I re-enabled syncookies and the delays stopped. I believe what I was seeing was still an improvement from the initial state, however some requests were still delayed which is much worse than having syncookies enabled. So it looks like I'm stuck with them enabled until we can get some more servers online to cope with the load. Even then, I'm not sure I see a valid reason to disable them again as they're only sent (apparently) when the server's buffers get full. But the syn backlog doesn't appear to be full with only ~250 connections in the SYN_RECV state! Is it possible that the SYN flooding message is a red herring and it's something other than the syn_backlog that's filling up? If anyone has any other tuning options I haven't tried yet I'd be more than happy to try them out, but I'm starting to wonder if the syn_backlog setting isn't being applied properly for some reason.

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  • ssh refuses to authenticate keys

    - by MixturaDementiae
    So I am setting up a connection between my machine [fedora 17] and a virtual machine running in Virtual Box in which is running CentOS 5. I have installed openssh from the repositories on CentOS, and I have configured everything as it follows: Protocol 2 HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key SyslogFacility AUTHPRIV PermitRootLogin yes RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes AuthorizedKeysFile /home/pigreco/.ssh/authorized_keys PasswordAuthentication no ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes GSSAPIAuthentication yes GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes UsePAM yes AcceptEnv LANG LC_CTYPE LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME LC_COLLATE LC_MONETARY LC_MESSAGES AcceptEnv LC_PAPER LC_NAME LC_ADDRESS LC_TELEPHONE LC_MEASUREMENT AcceptEnv LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_ALL LANGUAGE AcceptEnv XMODIFIERS X11Forwarding yes Subsystem sftp /usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server this is the configuration file sshd_config on the server i.e. on the CentOS. Moreover I have created a public/private key pair as usual on the .ssh/ folder in my home directory in my OS, i.e. Fedora, and then I've copied with scp the id_rsa.pub to the server and then I have appended its content to the file .ssh/authorized_keys on the server machine. The error that I get is the following: OpenSSH_5.9p1, OpenSSL 1.0.0j-fips 10 May 2012 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 50: Applying options for * debug1: Connecting to 192.168.100.13 [192.168.100.13] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/mayhem/.ssh/identity type -1 debug1: identity file /home/mayhem/.ssh/identity-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/mayhem/.ssh/id_rsa type 1 debug1: identity file /home/mayhem/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/mayhem/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/mayhem/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.3 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.3 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.9 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Server host key: RSA 16:e5:72:d1:37:94:1b:5e:3d:3a:e5:da:6f:df:0c:08 debug1: Host '192.168.100.13' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/mayhem/.ssh/known_hosts:1 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: Roaming not allowed by server debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,keyboard-interactive debug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-keyex debug1: No valid Key exchange context debug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-with-mic debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information Cannot determine realm for numeric host address debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information Cannot determine realm for numeric host address debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information Cannot determine realm for numeric host address debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/mayhem/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg ssh-rsa blen 279 Agent admitted failure to sign using the key. debug1: Trying private key: /home/mayhem/.ssh/identity debug1: Trying private key: /home/mayhem/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: Next authentication method: keyboard-interactive Do you have some good suggestion of what I can do? thank you

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  • Choice and setup of version control

    - by Peter M
    I am about to set up an new laptop and in the process transition to a new version control system as part of a general cleanup. Currently I use a centralized version control system (yes it is VSS, and yes I know all the pro's and con's of that system, but as a single user system it works well for me). I have very little requirements for a new system and I am free to choose among any of the current mainstream players, but cost constraints will push me towards oss. Some of my requirements are: Runs on a single machine (ie the laptop in question) under windows I am not sharing things with other developers or workers - this is more for my own historical benefits. I want to version source code, documentation and binary files I have a large hierarchy of projects that are unrelated (see below) I have files within the hierarchy that don't need to be controlled (but could be) Some projects use Visual Studio, so some integration there could be nice. There could be some sharing of files between jobs. I generally only need a small about of branching in code files The directory hierarchy that I have at the moment is somewhat like: Root | |--Customer #1 | | | |--Job #1 | | | | | |--Data files received from Customer for Job (not controlled) | | |--Documentation files (controlled) | | |--Project information files (not controlled - but could be) | | |--Software Project Files (controlled) | | |--Scratch dir for job (not controlled) | | | |--Job #2 | | (same structure as above) | |--Customer #2 | |.. | |--Cusmtomer #n |.. Currently I have about 22 customers with differing numbers of projects underneath them. At the moment I have a single VSS repository based at the root of the directory structure. If I kept with a centralized system (ie SVN) I believe that I should keep the same approach and continue with a single repository based from the root dir. Is this a valid approach? However if I move to a distributed tool then I am unsure of how I should handle the situation. My initial guess is that I should not have a repository based on the root of my entire directory structure - but that is a guess so I really don't know how valid it is. Should I pitch a distributed approach at the Root, Customer, Job or sub-Job directory level? Also what I am not clear on with distributed tools (and perhaps with SVN as well), is if I can branch parts of a repository. For example, I can see branching source code in software projects as being useful, but branching my documentation as not being useful. So if I pitch a repository at the Job level, can I just branch the Software Project Files? Or would all files in that Job be branched? Every time I look at distributed tools I get a nagging feeling that they are not suited to my style of setup. I am uncomfortable with idea of having to manually set up something like 50 to 80 separate repositories (if I pitch at the Job level, or 20+ if at the Customer level) within my directory hierarchy. This feeling also extends to having all those repositories scattered around as well - however I do have a backup strategy that I trust, so this latter feeling is pretty well unfounded. So what advice can you all give me? Thanks in advance!

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  • XenServer Converting HVM to Paravirtualised

    - by Karl Kloppenborg
    Recently I have been tasked with the daunting process of converting a setup of HVM enabled VMs (running on Citrix XenServer 5.6.0) into PV (paravirtualised) containers. The constraints of the project was that: The operating system must be functionally identical after the migration. minimal modification to the operating system (with exception of kernel / drive mapping) I also was allowed to change the bootloader(ie, grub) in what ever way I see fit. However, I have attempted this, I will firstly like to show you my steps I took. This at the moment is CentOS5.5 specific: Steps: yum install kernel-xen This installed: 2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen edited: /boot/grub/menu.lst changed my specs to match: title CentOS (2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen) root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 console=xvc0 initrd /initrd-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen.img Then I changed my xenserver parameters to match: xe vm-param-set uuid=[vm uuid] PV-bootloader-args="--kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen --ramdisk /initrd-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen.img" xe vm-param-set uuid=[vm uuid] HVM-boot-policy="" xe vm-param-set uuid=[vm uuid] PV-bootloader=pygrub xe vbd-param-set uuid==[Virtual Block Device/VBD uuid] bootable=true Some things to note, I am running a VolGroup LVM ;) Anyways, after all these steps (which aren't much!) I boot the VM and it boots initial kernel just fine, however I am presented with this error: Boot Screen: device-mapper: dm-raid45: initialized v0.2594l Waiting for driver initialization. Scanning and configuring dmraid supported devices Scanning logical volumes Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... Activating logical volumes Volume group "VolGroup00" not found Creating root device. Mounting root filesystem. mount: could not find filesystem '/dev/root' Setting up other filesystems. Setting up new root fs setuproot: moving /dev failed: No such file or directory no fstab.sys, mounting internal defaults setuproot: error mounting /proc: No such file or directory setuproot: error mounting /sys: No such file or directory Switching to new root and running init. unmounting old /dev unmounting old /proc unmounting old /sys switchroot: mount failed: No such file or directory Now my hints are that it cannot detect / because of the fact that when you change from HVM mode to PV it does something (not that obvious) When you make a SR (storage) on a HVM, you get it mounted to the guest os as /dev/hda. However in PV mode, this presents itself as /dev/xvda... Could this be the answer? and if so, how the heck to I implement it?? Update: So I have gotten a bit further in my quest, as it now detects the LVM's... To do this, I required to recompile the xen-kernel initrd image. Command: mkinitrd -v --builtin=xen_vbd --preload=xenblk initrd-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen.img 2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen Now when I boot I get this: Boot Screen: Loading dm-raid45.ko module device-mapper: dm-raid45: initialized v0.2594l Scanning and configuring dmraid supported devices Scanning logical volumes Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... Found volume group "VolGroup00" using metadata type lvm2 Activating logical volumes 3 logical volume(s) in volume group "VolGroup00" now active Creating root device. Mounting root filesystem. mount: error mounting /dev/root on /sysroot as ext3: Device or resource busy Setting up other filesystems. Setting up new root fs setuproot: moving /dev failed: No such file or directory no fstab.sys, mounting internal defaults setuproot: error mounting /proc: No such file or directory setuproot: error mounting /sys: No such file or directory Switching to new root and running init. unmounting old /dev unmounting old /proc unmounting old /sys switchroot: mount failed: No such file or directory Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init!

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  • dns queries not using nscd for caching

    - by xenoterracide
    I'm trying to use nscd (Nameservices Cache Daemon) to cache dns locally so I can stop using bind to do it. I've gotten it started and ntpd seems to attempt to use it. But everything else for hosts seems to ignore it. e.g if I do dig apache.org 3 times none of them will hit the cache. I'm viewing the cache stats using nscd -g to determine whether it's been used. I've also turned the debug log level up to see if I can see it hitting and the queries don't even hit nscd. nsswitch.conf # Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf passwd: files group: files shadow: files publickey: files hosts: cache files dns networks: files protocols: files services: files ethers: files rpc: files netgroup: files # End /etc/nsswitch.confenter code here nscd.conf # # /etc/nscd.conf # # An example Name Service Cache config file. This file is needed by nscd. # # Legal entries are: # # logfile <file> # debug-level <level> # threads <initial #threads to use> # max-threads <maximum #threads to use> # server-user <user to run server as instead of root> # server-user is ignored if nscd is started with -S parameters # stat-user <user who is allowed to request statistics> # reload-count unlimited|<number> # paranoia <yes|no> # restart-interval <time in seconds> # # enable-cache <service> <yes|no> # positive-time-to-live <service> <time in seconds> # negative-time-to-live <service> <time in seconds> # suggested-size <service> <prime number> # check-files <service> <yes|no> # persistent <service> <yes|no> # shared <service> <yes|no> # max-db-size <service> <number bytes> # auto-propagate <service> <yes|no> # # Currently supported cache names (services): passwd, group, hosts, services # logfile /var/log/nscd.log threads 4 max-threads 32 server-user nobody # stat-user somebody debug-level 9 # reload-count 5 paranoia no # restart-interval 3600 enable-cache passwd yes positive-time-to-live passwd 600 negative-time-to-live passwd 20 suggested-size passwd 211 check-files passwd yes persistent passwd yes shared passwd yes max-db-size passwd 33554432 auto-propagate passwd yes enable-cache group yes positive-time-to-live group 3600 negative-time-to-live group 60 suggested-size group 211 check-files group yes persistent group yes shared group yes max-db-size group 33554432 auto-propagate group yes enable-cache hosts yes positive-time-to-live hosts 3600 negative-time-to-live hosts 20 suggested-size hosts 211 check-files hosts yes persistent hosts yes shared hosts yes max-db-size hosts 33554432 enable-cache services yes positive-time-to-live services 28800 negative-time-to-live services 20 suggested-size services 211 check-files services yes persistent services yes shared services yes max-db-size services 33554432 resolv.conf # Generated by dhcpcd from eth0 nameserver 127.0.0.1 domain westell.com nameserver 192.168.1.1 nameserver 208.67.222.222 nameserver 208.67.220.220 as kind of a side note I'm using archlinux.

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