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  • Play Video From Raw Folder

    - by SterAllures
    Evening, I've just started programming with android and made a few programs and everything so I'm still kind of a novice but im trying to understand it all. So here's my problem, I'm trying to play a video, the thing is, I got it working when I Stream it from an URL with VideoView over the internet or when i place in on my sdcard. What I want to do now is play a video I've got in my res/raw folder, but it only plays audio and I don't understand why, it doesn't give any error in my logcat as far as I can see, also couldn't really find a solution with google since most of the answers are about VideoView and just put the video on your SDCard. Now someone told me I had to use setDisplay (SurfaceHolder) and I've also tried that but I still only get the audio. I hope somebody can help me to find a solution to this problem. VideoDemo.java package nl.melvin.videodemo; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.media.MediaPlayer; import android.view.SurfaceHolder; import android.view.SurfaceView; public class videodemo extends Activity { public SurfaceHolder holder; public SurfaceView surfaceView; /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); MediaPlayer mp = MediaPlayer.create(this, R.raw.mac); mp.setDisplay(holder); mp.start(); } } XML <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/LinearLayout01" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <SurfaceView android:id="@+id/surfaceview" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"> </SurfaceView>> </LinearLayout> I've also tried Uri.parse but it says it can't play the video (.mp4 format).

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  • How to make ActiveRecord work with legacy partitioned/sharded databases/tables?

    - by Utensil
    thanks for your time first...after all the searching on google, github and here, and got more confused about the big words(partition/shard/fedorate),I figure that I have to describe the specific problem I met and ask around. My company's databases deals with massive users and orders, so we split databases and tables in various ways, some are described below: way database and table name shard by (maybe it's should be called partitioned by?) YZ.X db_YZ.tb_X order serial number last three digits YYYYMMDD. db_YYYYMMDD.tb date YYYYMM.DD db_YYYYMM.tb_ DD date too The basic concept is that databases and tables are seperated acording to a field(not nessissarily the primary key), and there are too many databases and too many tables, so that writing or magically generate one database.yml config for each database and one model for each table isn't possible or at least not the best solution. I looked into drnic's magic solutions, and datafabric, and even the source code of active record, maybe I could use ERB to generate database.yml and do database connection in around filter, and maybe I could use named_scope to dynamically decide the table name for find, but update/create opertions are bounded to "self.class.quoted_table_name" so that I couldn't easily get my problem solved. And even I could generate one model for each table, because its amount is up to 30 most. But this is just not DRY! What I need is a clean solution like the following DSL: class Order < ActiveRecord::Base shard_by :order_serialno do |key| [get_db_config_by(key), #because some or all of the databaes might share the same machine in a regular way or can be configed by a hash of regex, and it can also be a const get_db_name_by(key), get_tb_name_by(key), ] end end Can anybody enlight me? Any help would be greatly appreciated~~~~

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  • how to set style through javascript in IE immediately

    - by rezna
    Hi, recently I've encountered a problem with IE. I have a function function() { ShowProgress(); DoSomeWork(); HideProgress(); } where ShowProgress and HideProgress just manipulate the 'display' CSS style using jQuery's css() method. In FF everything is OK, and at the same time I change the display property to block, progress-bar appears. But not in IE. In IE the style is applied, once I leave the function. Which means it's never shown, because at the end of the function I simply hide it. (if I remove the HideProgress line, the progress-bar appears right after finishing executing the function (more precisely, immediately when the calling functions ends - and so there's nothing else going on in IE)). Has anybody encountered this behavior? Is there a way to get IE to apply the style immediately? I've prepared a solution but it would take me some time to implement it. My DoSomeWork() method is doing some AJAX calls, and these are right now synchronous. I assume that making them asynchronous will kind of solve the problem, but I have to redesign the code a bit, so finding a solution just for applying the style immediately would much simplier. Thanks rezna

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  • Python: Attractive, clean, packagable windows GUI library

    - by Parand
    I need to create a simple windows based GUI for a desktop application that will be downloaded by end users. The application is written in python and will be packaged as an installer or executable. The functionality I need is simple - selecting from various lists, showing progress bars, etc. No animations, sprites, or other taxing/exotic things. Seems there are quite a few options for Python GUI libraries (Tk, QT, wxPython, Gtk, etc). What do you recommend that: Is easy to learn and maintain Can be cleanly packaged using py2exe or something similar Looks nice

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  • Windows/C++: how to use a COM dll which is not registered

    - by Albert
    Hi, In our application, we need to use a COM dll (namely msdia100.dll) which was not registered in the system before. Earler, we have just called the DLL by calling its DllRegisterServer via this code: // Register DIA DLL required by Breakpad std::string diaLibPath = "msdia100"; HMODULE diaLib = LoadLibrary(diaLibPath.c_str()); if( diaLib == NULL ) { errors << "Cannot load DLL " << diaLibPath << endl; return; } typedef HRESULT ( __stdcall * regServer_t )(void); regServer_t regServer = (regServer_t)GetProcAddress(diaLib, "DllRegisterServer"); if( regServer == NULL ) { errors << "Cannot get method DllRegisterServer from " << diaLibPath << endl; FreeLibrary(diaLib); return; } if( regServer() != S_OK ) { errors << "Cannot call DllRegisterServer from " << diaLibPath << endl; } FreeLibrary(diaLib); This doesn't work anymore on Windows 7 (maybe also Vista, didn't tried) because to call this function, it needs Administrator privileges. All solutions to this problem I have found where about getting those Admin rights. That is no possible solution for us because our application must also work if the user is not able to get those Admin rights. It is also no solution for us to suddenly need an installer for our application which registeres this DLL. So, what possibilities are there? How can I use this DLL without Admin rights? Do I have to recode COM which works without the need to register a DLL first?

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  • How do I override a python import?

    - by Evan Plaice
    So I'm working on pypreprocessor which is a preprocessor that takes c-style directives and I've been able to make it work like a traditional preprocessor (it's self-consuming and executes postprocessed code on-the-fly) except that it breaks library imports. The problem is. The preprocessor runs through the file, processes' it, outputs to a temp file, and exec() the temp file. Libraries that are imported need to be handled a little different because they aren't executed but rather loaded and made accessible to the caller module. What I need to be able to do is. Interrupt the import (since the preprocessor is being run in the middle of the import), load the postprocessed code as a tempModule, and replace the original import with the tempModule to trick the calling script with the import into believing that the tempModule is the original module. I have searched everywhere and so far, have no solution. This question is the closest I've seen so far to providing an answer: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1096216/override-namespace-in-python Here's what I have. # remove the bytecode file created by the first import os.remove(moduleName + '.pyc') # remove the first import del sys.modules[moduleName] # import the postprocessed module tmpModule = __import__(tmpModuleName) # set first module's reference to point to the preprocessed module sys.modules[moduleName] = tmpModule moduleName is the name of the original module, tmpModuleName is the name of the postprocessed code file. The strange part is, this solution still runs completely normal as if the first module completed loaded normally; unless you remove the last line, then you get a module not found error. Hopefully someone on SO know a lot more about imports than I do because this one has me stumped.

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  • how to load a module within python debugger

    - by MK
    This looks like something simple but I could not find the answer so far - I have just learnt python and need to start learning pdb. In my module I have the usual if __name__ == __main_ trick to execute some code when the module is run as a program. So far I have been running it via python -m mymod arg1 arg2 syntax Now I want to do exactly the same thing from inside pdb. Normally in C, I would just do gdb mybinary followed by run arg1 arg2 But I cannot figure out how to achieve the same thing in pdb. I am sure there has to be a simple way to achieve this but it is taking me too long to search for it.. Thanks for your help!

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  • What are the elegant ways to do MixIns in Python?

    - by Slava Vishnyakov
    I need to find an elegant way to do 2 kinds of MixIns. First: class A(object): def method1(self): do_something() Now, a MixInClass should make method1 do this: do_other() - A.method1() - do_smth_else() - i.e. basically "wrap" the older function. I'm pretty sure there must exist a good solution to this. Second: class B(object): def method1(self): do_something() do_more() In this case, I want MixInClass2 to be able to inject itself between do_something() and do_more(), i.e.: do_something() - MixIn.method1 - do_more(). I understand that probably this would require modifying class B - that's ok, just looking for simplest ways to achieve this. These are pretty trivial problems and I actually solved them, but my solution is tainted. Fisrt one by using self._old_method1 = self.method1(); self.method1() = self._new_method1(); and writing _new_method1() that calls to _old_method1(). Problem: multiple MixIns will all rename to _old_method1 and it is inelegant. Second MixIn one was solved by creating a dummy method call_mixin(self): pass and injecting it between calls and defining self.call_mixin(). Again inelegant and will break on multiple MixIns.. Any ideas?

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  • Round time to 5 minute nearest SQL Server

    - by Drako
    i don't know if it can be usefull to somebody but I went crazy looking for a solution and ended up doing it myself. Here is a function that (according to a date passed as parameter), returns the same date and approximate time to the nearest multiple of 5. It is a slow query, so if anyone has a better solution, it is welcome. A greeting. CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[RoundTime] (@Time DATETIME) RETURNS DATETIME AS BEGIN DECLARE @min nvarchar(50) DECLARE @val int DECLARE @hour int DECLARE @temp int DECLARE @day datetime DECLARE @date datetime SET @date = CONVERT(DATETIME, @Time, 120) SET @day = (select DATEADD(dd, 0, DATEDIFF(dd, 0, @date))) SET @hour = (select datepart(hour,@date)) SET @min = (select datepart(minute,@date)) IF LEN(@min) > 1 BEGIN SET @val = CAST(substring(@min, 2, 1) as int) END else BEGIN SET @val = CAST(substring(@min, 1, 1) as int) END IF @val <= 2 BEGIN SET @val = CAST(CAST(@min as int) - @val as int) END else BEGIN IF (@val <> 5) BEGIN SET @temp = 5 - CAST(@min%5 as int) SET @val = CAST(CAST(@min as int) + @temp as int) END IF (@val = 60) BEGIN SET @val = 0 SET @hour = @hour + 1 END IF (@hour = 24) BEGIN SET @day = DATEADD(day,1,@day) SET @hour = 0 SET @min = 0 END END RETURN CONVERT(datetime, CAST(DATEPART(YYYY, @day) as nvarchar) + '-' + CAST(DATEPART(MM, @day) as nvarchar) + '-' + CAST(DATEPART(dd, @day) as nvarchar) + ' ' + CAST(@hour as nvarchar) + ':' + CAST(@val as nvarchar), 120) END

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  • Creating two Windows by running one as a process from another - C

    - by Jamie Keeling
    Hello, I have a windows form that has a simple menu and performs a simple operation, I want to be able to create another windows form with all the functionality of a menu bar, message pump etc.. as a seperate process so I can then share the results of the operation to the second window. I.E. 1) Form A opens Form B opens as a separate process 2)Form A performs operation 3)Form A passes results via memory to Form B 4)Form B display results I'm confused as to how to go about it, the main app runs fine but i'm not sure how to add a second window if the first one already exists. I hope it makes sense. Thanks!

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  • Full-text search in C++

    - by Jen
    I have a database of many (though relatively short) HTML documents. I want users to be able to search this database by entering one or more search words in a C++ desktop application. Hence, I’m looking for a fast full-text search solution. Ideally, it should: Skip common words, such as the, of, and, etc. Support stemming, i.e. search for run also finds documents containing runner, running and ran. Be able to update its index in the background as new documents are added to the database. Be able to provide search word suggestions (like Google Suggest) To illustrate, assume the database has just two documents: Document 1: This is a test of text search. Document 2: Testing is fun. The following words should be in the index: fun, search, test, testing, text. If the user types t in the search box, I want the application to be able to suggest test, testing and text (Ideally, the application should be able to query the search engine for the 10 most common search words starting with t). A search for testing should return both documents. Can you suggest a C or C++ based solution? (I’ve briefly reviewed CLucene and Xapian, but I’m not sure if either will address my needs, especially querying the search word indexes for the suggest feature).

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  • Choosing proper database for a few users application

    - by tomo
    Requirements: tiny WinForms client app (C# 4.0, WinForms or WPF) a few users working simultinausly no database service at all - the whole engine as *.DLLs inside client apps database available as shared folder on one computer at least simple concurrrency checks compatible with nHibernate or EntityFramework / NET 4.0 backup as simple as copying files from shared folder - assuming no running clients at the moment no stored procedures/triggers required data size - a few tables and a few thousands rows after 2 years Nice to have: user access rights encrypted data I'm trying to choose between: MS Access SqlLite SqlServer Compact Edition. Can you recommend which one should be the best for these requirements?

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  • Shrinking the transaction log of a mirrored SQL Server 2005 database

    - by Peter Di Cecco
    I've been looking all over the internet and I can't find an acceptable solution to my problem, I'm wondering if there even is a solution without a compromise... I'm not a DBA, but I'm a one man team working on a huge web site with no extra funding for extra bodies, so I'm doing the best I can. Our backup plan sucks, and I'm having a really hard time improving it. Currently, there are two servers running SQL Server 2005. I have a mirrored database (no witness) that seems to be working well. I do a full backup at noon and at midnight. These get backed up to tape by our service provider nightly, and I burn the backup files to dvd weekly to keep old records on hand. Eventually I'd like to switch to log shipping, since mirroring seems kinda pointless without a witness server. The issue is that the transaction log is growing non-stop. From the research I've done, it seems that I can't truncate a log file of a mirrored database. So how do I stop the file from growing!? Based on this web page, I tried this: USE dbname GO CHECKPOINT GO BACKUP LOG dbname TO DISK='NULL' WITH NOFORMAT, INIT, NAME = N'dbnameLog Backup', SKIP, NOREWIND, NOUNLOAD GO DBCC SHRINKFILE('dbname_Log', 2048) GO But that didn't work. Everything else I've found says I need to disable the mirror before running the backup log command in order for it to work. My Question (TL;DR) How can I shrink my transaction log file without disabling the mirror?

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  • Where would async calls make sense in an ASP.net (MVC) Web Application?

    - by Michael Stum
    I'm just wondering, if I have an ASP.net Web Application, either WebForms or MVC, is there any situation where doing stuff asynchronously would make sense? The Web Server already handles threading for me in that it spins up multiple threads to handle requests, and most request processing is rather simple and straight forward. I see some use for when stuff truly is a) expensive and b) can be parallelized. but these are the minority cases (at least from what I've encountered). Is there any gain from async in the simple "Read some input, do some CRUD, display some output" scenario?

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  • crontab won't work on mac 10.6.7

    - by ohana
    i create a simple cron job by editing /etc/crontab as following: */2 * * * * * php /Users/min/Documents/testcron.php and the testcron.php is simple as: <?php $fd = fopen("/Users/min/Documents/testcron.txt", 'a'); fwrite($fd, "test--cron--\n"); fclose($fd); ?> then simply save the crontab file and hope magic happen, but nothing happened. i even run the command manually and it worked. php /Users/min/Documents/testcron.php anyone have any idea? Thanks

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  • Retrieve the Value of An Integer Variable

    - by Abluescarab
    This is probably easily figured out (I feel very stupid right now), but I can't find a solution anywhere, for some reason. Perhaps I'm not searching for the right thing. And maybe it's in some beginner tutorial I haven't watched. Anyway, I was wondering how to retrieve the value of an integer variable in C++? I know you can use cin.getline() for string variables, but I received an error message when I attempted that with an integer variable (and rightfully so, I know it was wrong, but I was looking for a solution). My project is a Win32 console application. What I'm trying to do is ask a user to input a number, stored in the variable n. Then I take the value of n and perform various math functions with it. In my header file, I have string, windows, iostream, stdio, math, and fstream. Do I need to add another library? There's not much more to tell. I can post my code if I must. EDIT: cout << "TEST SINE"; cout << "\nPlease enter a number.\n\n"; cin >> n; break; Here's the code I'm trying to use. Is this all I need to do? If so, how do I incorporate the variable so I can test it using sin, cos, and tan? Yet again, thanks ahead of time.

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  • SQL Structure of DB table with different types of columns

    - by Dmitry Dvornikov
    I have a problem with the optimization of the structure of the database. I'll try to explain it exactly. I create a project, where we can add different values??, but this values must have different types of the columns in the database (eg, int, double , varchar). What is the best way to store the different types of values ??in the database. In the project I'm using Propel 1.6. The point is availability to add value with 'int', 'varchar' and other columns types, to search the table was efficient. In total, I have two ideas. The first is to create a table of "value", which will have columns: "id ", "value_int", "value_double", "value_varchar", etc - with the corresponding column types. Depending on the type of values??, records will be saved with the value in the appropriate column (the rest will be NULL). The second solution is to create separate tables such as "value_int", "value_varchar" etc. There would be columns: "id", "value", which correspond to the relevant types of "value" (ie, such as int, varchar, etc). I must admit that I do not believe any of the above solutions, originally I was thinking about one table "value", where the column would be a "text" type - but this solution would probably be even worse. I would like to know your opinion on this topic, maybe something else would be better. Thanks in advance. EDIT: For example : We have three tables: USER: [table of users] * id * name FIELD: [table of profile fields - where the column 'type' is the type of field, eg int or varchar) * id * type * name VALUE : * id * User_id - ( FK user.id ) * Field_id - ( FK field.id ) * value So we have in each row an user in USER table, and the profile is stored in the VALUE table. Bit each profile field may have a different type (column 'type' in the FIELD table), and based on that I would want this value to add to the appropriate column of the appropriate type.

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  • Negative number representation across multiple architechture

    - by Donotalo
    I'm working with OKI 431 micro controller. It can communicate with PC with appropriate software installed. An EEPROM is connected in the I2C bus of the micro which works as permanent memory. The PC software can read from and write to this EEPROM. Consider two numbers, B and C, each is two byte integer. B is known to both the PC software and the micro and is a constant. C will be a number so close to B such that B-C will fit in a signed 8 bit integer. After some testing, appropriate value for C will be determined by PC and will be stored into the EEPROM of the micro for later use. Now the micro can store C in two ways: The micro can store whole two byte representing C The micro can store B-C as one byte signed integer, and can later derive C from B and B-C I think that two's complement representation of negative number is now universally accepted by hardware manufacturers. Still I personally don't like negative numbers to be stored in a storage medium which will be accessed by two different architectures because negative number can be represented in different ways. For you information, 431 also uses two's complement. Should I get rid of the headache that negative number can be represented in different ways and accept the one byte solution as my other team member suggested? Or should I stick to the decision of the two byte solution because I don't need to deal with negative numbers? Which one would you prefer and why?

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  • Control process concurrency in PHP

    - by Ivan
    I have programmed a simple app that every X minutes checks if an image has changed in several websites and downloads it. It's very simple: downloads image header, make some CRC checks, downloads the file, stores in a MySQL database some data about each image and process next item... This process takes about 1 minute to complete. The problem is I have noticed that while the server is executing this process I cannot access to any page in the website, even those that don't require MySQL. I don't know why it is happening and I have no clue about how to fix it. Perhaps a more advanced PHP programmer can help me.

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  • Using unless in rails uniqueness validation

    - by dunxd
    I am just starting out in Rails, and trying to develop a simple application. I need to validate three values submitted to the application - each must meet the same validation criteria. The validation is pretty simple: Value is valid if unqiue, null or equal to "p" or "d". The following gets me halfway there: validates_uniqueness_of :value1, :value2, :value3, :allow_nil => true I think I can use :unless to check whether the value is either "p" or "d", however I can't figure out how. I guess I am trying to combine validates_uniqueness_of with validates_inclusion_of. Any suggestions?

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  • Breaking the SQL Compact 8K Limit?

    - by David Veeneman
    I am creating a desktop application that stores rich text documents to a SQL Compact database. Documents are converted to a byte array and stored as a Binary column, and I am running into SQL Compact's 8K limit for Binary field length. Is there a simple way to get around the 8K limit? I can come up with lots of complicated ways to do it, such as parsing into 8K chunks for storage and reassembling on fetch. But before I get into something that complex, I would like to make sure I can't solve the problem more simply, such as by changing data type. If there is no simple way of getting around the 8K limit, is thare a best practice for storing documents greater than 8K? Thanks for your help.

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  • python on apache - getting 404

    - by Kirby
    I edited this question after i found a solution... i need to understand why the solution worked instead of my method? This is likely to be a silly question. I tried searching other questions that are related... but to no avail. i am running Apache/2.2.11 (Ubuntu) DAV/2 SVN/1.5.4 PHP/5.2.6-3ubuntu4.5 with Suhosin-Patch mod_python/3.3.1 Python/2.6.2 i have a script called test.py #! /usr/bin/python print "Content-Type: text/html" # HTML is following print # blank line, end of headers print "hello world" running it as an executable works... /var/www$ ./test.py Content-Type: text/html hello world when i run http://localhost/test.py i get a 404 error. What am i missing? i used this resource to enable python parsing on apache. http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=91101 From that same thread... the following code worked.. why? #!/usr/bin/python import sys import time def index(req): # Following line causes error to be sent to browser # rather than to log file (great for debug!) sys.stderr = sys.stdout #print "Content-type: text/html\n" #print """ blah1 = """<html> <head><title>A page from Python</title></head> <body> <h4>This page is generated by a Python script!</h4> The current date and time is """ now = time.gmtime() displaytime = time.strftime("%A %d %B %Y, %X",now) #print displaytime, blah1 += displaytime #print """ blah1 += """ <hr> Well House Consultants demonstration </body> </html> """ return blah1

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  • Error in bisection method code in Matlab

    - by Amanda Collins
    I need to write a proper implementation of the bisection method, which means I must address all possible user input errors. Here is my code: function [x_sol, f_at_x_sol, N_iterations] = bisection(f, xn, xp, eps_f, eps_x) % solving f(x)=0 with bisection method % f is the function handle to the desired function, % xn and xp are borders of search, % f(xn)<0 and f(xp)>0 required, % eps_f defines how close f(x) should be to zero, % eps_x defines uncertainty of solution x if(f(xp) < 0) error('xp must be positive') end; if(f(xn)>0) error('xn must be negative') end; if (xn >= xp) error ('xn must be less than xp') end; xg=(xp+xn)/2; %initial guess fg=f(xg); % initial function evaluation N_iterations=1; while ( (abs(fg) > eps_f) & (abs(xg-xp) > eps_x) ) if (fg>0) xp=xg; else xn=xg; end xg=(xp+xn)/2; %update guess fg=f(xg); %update function evaluation N_iterations=N_iterations+1; end x_sol=xg; %solution is ready f_at_x_sol=fg; if (f_at_x_sol > eps_f) error('No convergence') end and here is the error message I receive when I try to test this in Matlab: >> bisection(x.^2, 2, -1, 1e-8, 1e-10) Attempted to access f(-1); index must be a positive integer or logical. Error in bisection (line 9) if(f(xp)<0) I was attempting to see if my error codes worked, but it doesn't look like they do. I get the same error when I try to test it on a function that should work.

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  • Twitter @anywhere API problems in firefox only

    - by Brian Scott
    I've implemented a simple example of the Twitter @anywhere api to display user hovercards. The example works great in Internet Explorer and Chrome. However, whenever I the page loads in Firefox I receive the following message in an alert window: To set up @anywhere, please provide a client ID Surely if the results are correct in Chrome and IE then everything must be setup correctly? Here is a simple code block which I've tested recreates the problem in Firefox only: <script src="http://platform.twitter.com/anywhere.js?id=WMg5kRMlIw807lRTsktnNQ&amp;v=1" type="text/javascript" > </script> <script type="text/javascript"> twttr.anywhere(onAnywhereLoad); function onAnywhereLoad(twitter) { twitter().hovercards(); }); </script>

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  • Deal with undefined values in code or in the template?

    - by David
    I'm writing a web application (in Python, not that it matters). One of the features is that people can leave comments on things. I have a class for comments, basically like so: class Comment: user = ... # other stuff where user is an instance of another class, class User: name = ... # other stuff And of course in my template, I have <div>${comment.user.name}</div> Problem: Let's say I allow people to post comments anonymously. In that case comment.user is None (undefined), and of course accessing comment.user.name is going to raise an error. What's the best way to deal with that? I see three possibilities: Use a conditional in the template to test for that case and display something different. This is the most versatile solution, since I can change the way anonymous comments are displayed to, say, "Posted anonymously" (instead of "Posted by ..."), but I've often been told that templates should be mindless display machines and not include logic like that. Also, other people might wind up writing alternate templates for the same application, and I feel like I should be making things as easy as possible for the template writer. Implement an accessor method for the user property of a Comment that returns a dummy user object when the real user is undefined. This dummy object would have user.name = 'Anonymous' or something like that and so the template could access it and print its name with no error. Put an actual record in my database corresponding to a user with user.name = Anonymous (or something like that), and just assign that user to any comment posted when nobody's logged in. I know I've seen some real-world systems that operate this way. (phpBB?) Is there a prevailing wisdom among people who write these sorts of systems about which of these (or some other solution) is the best? Any pitfalls I should watch out for if I go one way vs. another? Whoever gives the best explanation gets the checkmark.

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