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  • Finding the current user authenticated by basic auth (Apache)

    - by jtd
    When you log in through a basic auth page, is the username you authenticated as stored anywhere (on the server or client machine), maybe in an environment variable? Background: I have a common web administration page for an e-mail server and I'd like to know who is doing what. When a user successfully logs in via basic auth, I somehow want to be able to identify them and log their actions. So each time a request is submitted, I can write to a log file. The basic format would be: $username ran a $function against $useraccount so if a user changed someone's permissions, eg: Admin-Bob ran a permission change against User-Scott So if errors occur, I can easily trace back in the log file what actions lead to the cause. I tried checking the %ENV hash to no avail, any Ideas? I don't really want to get into PHP-like sessions, because that would mean scrapping my basic auth, which gives me a fine degree of control already. If I have to code something with sessions, I'd need to implement a system to block users after maximum tries and so on, which I don't really want to code. I think this is better geared towards serverfault because it pertains to Apache moreso than the programming language. Sessions can be done in a myriad of languages.

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  • How to automatically set default quota limits for users on XFS filesystem, when the new account is created

    - by acidburn2k
    I guess the title explains the problem pretty well. Do you have an idea for a mechanism, which will automatically assign default quota values for every new account created (sort as the skel scheme works, but in this area)? Now, I am looking for a generic clean solution, not some ugly cron based scripts, or wrapper scripts for creating users. I would also like to avoid any external, unmaintained stuff (like forgotten pam modules, and such). Anything what could lead to overhead and extra work in future isn't really the solution, nor is checking for new accounts every minute.

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  • Setting XFCE terminal PS1 value and making it permanent

    - by Matt
    I'm trying to add the value PS1='\u@\h: \w\$ ' to my terminal in XFCE. I added the line to (what I think is) the correct area in /etc/profile. The relevant segment is: # Set a default shell prompt: #PS1='`hostname`:`pwd`# ' PS1='\u@\h: \w\$ ' if [ "$SHELL" = "/bin/pdksh" ]; then # PS1='! $ ' PS1='\u@\h: \w\$ ' elif [ "$SHELL" = "/bin/ksh" ]; then # PS1='! ${PWD/#$HOME/~}$ ' PS1='\u@\h: \w\$ ' elif [ "$SHELL" = "/bin/zsh" ]; then # PS1='%n@%m:%~%# ' PS1='\u@\h: \w\$ ' elif [ "$SHELL" = "/bin/ash" ]; then # PS1='$ ' PS1='\u@\h: \w\$ ' else PS1='\u@\h: \w\$ ' fi Most of that was already there, I just commented out the existing value and added the one I want. By manually opening the terminal and doing . profile, I can load these values, but they don't stick - I close the terminal and reopen, and I'm back to sh-4.1$. Maybe I'm doing this in the wrong place, but how can I make that value stick? All the info I've found on google is Fedora/Ubuntu-specific. I use Slackware. Any help on this matter would be greatly appreciated.

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  • chroot for unsecure programs execution

    - by attwad
    Hi, I have never set-up a chroot-jailed environment before and I am afraid I need some help to do it well. To explain shortly what this is all about: I have a webserver to which users send python scripts to process various files that are stored on the server (the system is for Research purpose). Everyday a cron job starts the execution of the uploaded scripts via a command of this kind: /usr/bin/python script_file.py All of this is really insecure and I would like to create a jail in which I would copy the necessary files (uploaded scripts, files to process, python binary and dependencies). I already looked at various utilities to create jails but none of them seemed up-to-date or were lacking solid documentation (ie. the links proposed in How can I run an untrusted python script) Could anyone guide me to a viable solution to my problem? like a working example of a script that creates a jail, put some files in it and executes a python script? Thank you very much.

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  • Devices renamed with udev not working, original device node still there

    - by skerit
    I'm trying to rename certain video devices using udev. Here's a rule (broken down for readability): ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{busnum}=="1", ATTR{devpath}=="2", ATTR{idVendor}=="05e1", NAME="video97" It works. /dev/video97 is created But the original /dev/video1 node is STILL there. The even worse, when I try to view the /dev/video97 node in guvcview it doesn't work, while the original node DOES work.

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  • Why doesn't NFS recognize a new UID?

    - by user76177
    I have two servers running RHEL6. I have root access to both. The main server, which I will refer to as server, is a database server. The application server, which I will refer to as client, mounts a directory from server via NFS. There is a user, appuser, on both client and server. However, appuser's UID on client is 502. appuser's UID on server is 506. Both users need read and write capability on the NFS share. To facilitate this, I made the share owned by appuser on server. Running id appuser on each yields: uid=506(appuser). Of course, client does not recognize that ownership, since appuser has a different id on client. So I did the following: Changed UID of user in /etc/passwd on client to be 506. Changed ownership of appuser's $HOME on client to be appuser again so that I could log in. Now, when I go to look at the NFS share from the client side, I see that it is owned by 502. 502 is the OLD id for appuser on client. I can't change ownership of the NFS share from client, since that is a volume that physically resides on server. I need to make sure that the NFS share shows ownership of appuser from both server and client. What step have I missed since changing the appuser id on client? NOTE: I have not rebooted client (or anything else.)

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  • Advertise a subnet route with radvd

    - by Thomas Berger
    we have set up a small IPv6 Testing network. The setup looks like this: ::/0 +----------+ | Firewall | Router to the public net +----------+ | 2001:...::/106 | +----------+ +-------| SIT GW | sit Tunnel gatway to the some test users | +----------+ | +----------+ | Test Sys | Testsystem +----------+ The idea is to advertise the default route from the firewall and the route for the SIT subnets from the sit gateway. The configurations for radvd are: # Firewall interface eth0 { AdvSendAdvert on; route ::/0 { }; }; # SIT Gatway interface eth0 { AdvSendAdvert on; route 2001:...::/106 { }; }; We have captured the adv. packages with tcpdump and the packages looks good. We see a default route from the fw, and the subnet route from the SIT gatway. But if we look on the testsystem there are two default routes over both gateways. There is no subnet route. The routing does not work of course. Here the routes we get: 2001:.....::/64 dev eth0 proto kernel metric 256 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 fe80::/64 dev eth0 proto kernel metric 256 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 default via fe80::baac:6fff:fe8e:XXXX dev eth0 proto kernel metric 1024 expires 0sec mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 64 default via fe80::e415:aeff:fe12:XXXX dev eth0 proto kernel metric 1024 expires 0sec mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 64 Any Idea?

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  • Symlink across local volumes in webroot?

    - by geerlingguy
    I am looking for a good short-term solution to storage space concerns on my website. Currently, I have all uploaded files (flash video, images, etc.) inside the 'files' directory in my web root (/home/account/public_html/files). That directory is located on my high-speed main hard drive (a 15k SCSI drive). I have another drive with much more capacity, but spinning at 10k rpm (so still fast, but not as good for random reads/writes as the main drive. The entire drive is mounted at /backup Right now I'm just using it as a backup volume. I would like to create a symlink from my /home/account/public_html/files folder to /backup/files, and have all files reside on the second drive. However, if someone accesses a file at http://www.example.com/files/filename.jpg, would it still work if I symlinked to the second drive? (Basically, would Apache/PHP automatically know to follow the symlink for that directory?).

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  • DegradedArray event on /dev/md0 without actually having a RAID

    - by J. Stoever
    Since I upgraded from Ubuntu LTS 10 to LTS 12, I have been getting error messages like: N 60 mdadm monitoring Mon Sep 3 06:38 31/1022 DegradedArray event on /dev/md2:Ubuntu-1004-lucid-64-minimal N 61 mdadm monitoring Mon Sep 3 06:38 31/1022 DegradedArray event on /dev/md0:Ubuntu-1004-lucid-64-minimal N 62 mdadm monitoring Mon Sep 3 06:38 31/1022 DegradedArray event on /dev/md1:Ubuntu-1004-lucid-64-minimal We do not have a RAID setup, and only have a single hard drive. Ideas ?

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  • SSH rsa key works with external IP not internal IP

    - by Ian
    I am using rackspace cloud hosting. I have 2 servers behind a load balancer. Each server has an external IP and an internal IP. I want to setup a sync job that uses SSH to transfer files. I made an rsa key, and I can successfully SSH from server A into server B, using the external IP of server B, without being prompted for a password. If I try to do the same but use the internal IP, it prompts me for a password. I want to be able to use the key instead of the password. Why is this? Is there something special I have to do during key generation so it works for both IPs? Any help is appreciated.

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  • How do you backup your own files? [on hold]

    - by Antonis Christofides
    I'm a system administrator and I use rsnapshot to backup some servers, duplicity for some others. Both work fine, each one with advantages and disadvantages. Despite that, I am at a loss on how to backup my own private files. I'd use duplicity to automatically backup my files to a remote server; but the problem is that once in a while I must do a full backup. My emails and important files are 9G, and I expect this to increase. Uploading through aDSL at 1Mbit would be 20 hours. Too much. rsnapshot doesn't require periodic full backups (only the first time), but it must be running on the remote server and have a means to connect to my computer; if the server is compromised (or simply if the NSA decides to use it), my own machine is also compromised. Not good. The only solution I've come up with is use encfs, use unison to synchronize the files to a remote server, and use duplicity or rsnapshot on the remote server to backup these files. In that case, the question is whether I can sync the files on many computers; is it possible for encfs to be used with the same key on many computers? I also think that if I append one character to the unencrypted file, its encrypted encfs counterpart might change a lot, so that incrementals with duplicity would be less efficient—but not a big deal. Maybe also, when I need to restore a file, finding the correct file to restore could be a pain, because of filename encryption. I wonder whether there is any other possibility that I've overlooked. Maybe I'm asking too much for my personal use, and I should settle with an external disk?

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  • How is network mounted software executed?

    - by CptSupermrkt
    I would like to understand how network mounted software works. For example, at my place of work, we have a software server. Each client machine (hundreds of them) automatically mounts directories from the software server on boot. For example, a program like Matlab is installed just once on the software server, but each client machine can start up an instance of Matlab. What is going on under the hood? Let's say I run /opt/bin/matlab and /opt/ is mounted from the software server, what happens when I press Enter to execute matlab on a client machine? The process is on the client machine, and I've already narrowed down that there isn't any implicit or hidden file transfer (i.e. copying matlab to my machine temporarily for that session) by running matlab on a computer with nearly zero disk space (i.e. not enough room to transfer). Since Matlab was installed on the server, how is my client computer executing it? What mechanism is controlling this? What is happening behind the scenes?

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  • Monitor or log directory permission changes?

    - by Myles
    I'm having an issue with a cPanel shared server running CentOS 5 where a few directories under the public_html folder keep getting changed to 777 from 755. The customer says they are not changing it and i'm wondering if there is a way to monitor these specific directories to find out who/what is changing the permissions. I have looked into using auditctl and after testing it and changing the permissions myself I don't see anything in the logs so i'm not sure if i'm doing it right or if it's even possible. Does anybody have any suggestions or ideas on how I could figure out what is changing the permissions? Thanks!!

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  • How to set which IP to use for a HTTP request?

    - by GetFree
    This is probably a silly question. I'm doing some http requests using wget from the command line, and I want those connections to be made through one specific IP of the 4 IPs my server has. Those http requests go to one specific range of IPs so I only want those to be routed differently. The 4 interfaces in my server are eth0, eth0:0, eth0:1, eth0:2. I tried with the following command: route add -net 192.164.10.0/24 dev eth0:0 But when I see the routing table it says: Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 192.164.10.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 The interface is set to eth0 not eth0:0 as my command says. What am I doing wrong?

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  • what to do when ctrl-c can't kill a process?

    - by Dustin Boswell
    Ctrl-c doesn't always work to kill the current process (for instance, if that process is busy in certain network operations). In that case, you just see "^C" by your cursor, and can't do much else. What's the easiest way to force that process to die now without losing my terminal? Summary of answers below: Usually, you can Ctrl-z to put the process to sleep, and then do "kill -9 process-pid", where you find the process's pid with 'ps' and other tools. On Bash (and possibly other shells) you can do "kill -9 %1" (or '%N' in general) which is easier. If Ctrl-z doesn't work, you'll have to open another terminal and kill from there.

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  • How do i allow users to execute commands via ssh without allocating a psuedo-terminal

    - by Dani El
    I need to allow users to run a limited set of commands. But not to allow them to create interactive sessions. Just like GitHub does. If you try to ssh without a command it greetings you and close the session. I can acquire this by using ForceCommand some-script But getting in some-script i then need to eval user's input. Perhaps any other NoTTY-like option in sshd_config? --- UPDATE --- i'm looking for a pure SSH / Bash solution, not Perl/Python/etc. hacks.

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  • Using AWStats, cannot get MaxNbOfExtraX to limit rows in Extra Report

    - by user137519
    Folks, got something really odd here I'd like to resolve. I've been using Awstats and have a couple of extra reports. I cannot get any of them to limit the rows using MaxNbOfExtraX to work. Here are two examples: ExtraSectionName1="Top 100 Searches" ExtraSectionCodeFilter1="200 304" ExtraSectionCondition1="URL,/search/search_post.php" ExtraSectionFirstColumnTitle1="Search Parameters" ExtraSectionFirstColumnValues1="QUERY_STRING,(.*)" ExtraSectionFirstColumnFormat1="QueryParameters: %s" ExtraSectionStatTypes1=HL ExtraSectionAddAverageRow1=0 ExtraSectionAddSumRow1=1 MaxNbOfExtra1=100 MinHitExtra1=4 ExtraSectionName2="Top 100 Downloads" ExtraSectionCodeFilter2="200 304" ExtraSectionCondition2="URL,/filedownload.php" ExtraSectionFirstColumnTitle2="File Downloads" ExtraSectionFirstColumnValues2="QUERY_STRING,(.[0-9]{5})(h|p)?." ExtraSectionFirstColumnFormat2="File ID: %s" ExtraSectionStatTypes2=HL ExtraSectionAddAverageRow2=0 ExtraSectionAddSumRow2=1 MaxNbOfExtra2=100 MinHitExtra2=3 According to all documentation I've read the MaxNbOfExtra1 should keep the limit to 100. However when I run this, with the debug messages enabled I get a message indicated that the query will be in excess of of 500 and would not run it. I increased the number of ExtraTrackedRowsLimit to 2000 and it would work. But the option I provided should have lowered that. I even tried without the ExtraTrackedRowsLimit with MaxNbOfExtra1=100 but same error: No limit to 100 and the "excess of 500" error. I have the URLWithQuery=1 and my reports do run properly along with my regex filters. I am using MinHitExtra1 to limit the rows and that works, but why can I not get the MaxObOfExtraX option to work. Any ideas? Thanks in advance.

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  • Create a video stream from an image

    - by skerit
    I have a network camera that is only able to give me an image, not a video stream. In my home network this image is at http://192.168.1.16/loginfree.jpg I'm able to get this image a few times per second. I would now like to be able to serve it up as a video stream so I can use it in zoneminder. Any idea as to how I do that? I've messed around with named pipes and ffmpeg's image2pipe, but I can't get it to work properly.

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  • Moving a lot of small files between servers using rsync

    - by Adirael
    Hello guys, I'm moving a lot of files (about 2 millions) between two servers on different locations using rsync over ssh, it seems to work fine but I just realised I'm losing some files on the process. I got server 1, with the original data, and server 2, with the copy. Server 1 runs CentOS 5 and Server 2 runs on Ubuntu 10. I'm doing the transfer on the Server's 2 command line like this: rsync -e ssh -avzn usr@server1:/remote/path /local/path The first file movement I did using tar, but I didn't though of piping it through ssh and it failed cause the disk on server 1 was almost full, so I transfered it anyways (it was about 200GB) and got about 80% of the files. Then I piped another tar with the rest of the files (they're in folders, I got 100 folders with about 30 subfolders each, with files inside) and now I got everything on server 2. I wanted to be sure, so I my two options are getting the md5sum of all the files and check them or running an rsync on server 2 against server 1, that's what I did. It got some missing stuff and now it says there's nothing more to do (DRY RUN). But I got at least two files that are missing inside a subfolder. I ran that same rsync on that folder, but still dry run. Am I doing something wrong? Thanks, and sorry for the wall of text.

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  • OpenVPN bridge network from routed clients

    - by gphilip
    I have the following setup: subnet 1 - 10.0.1.0/24 with a machine used as NAT and also running an OpenVPN client subnet 2 - 192.168.1/24 with an OpenVPN server (the server in subnet 1 connect here) subnet 3 - 10.0.2.0/24 that uses the NAT machine (subnet 1) to access the internet, so all non-local traffic is routed there to the eth0 interface The OpenVPN client creates the tun0 interface and appropriate routing so that I can access machines from 192.168.1/24 [root@ip-10-0-1-208 ~]# telnet 192.168.1.186 8081 Trying 192.168.1.186... Connected to 192.168.1.186. Escape character is '^]'. [root@ip-10-0-1-208 ~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 10.8.0.1 10.8.0.5 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 tun0 10.8.0.5 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 169.254.169.254 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.0.0 10.8.0.5 255.255.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 However, when I try the same from subnet 3, it can't reach that machine. [root@ip-10-0-2-61 ~]# telnet 192.168.1.186 8081 Trying 192.168.1.186... I suspect that it's because subnet 3 is routed to eth0 on the NAT machine in subnet 1 and it cannot jump to tun0. What's the easiest way to resolve it? I don't want to use iptables. I can't change the routing from machines in subnet 1 because it's done in AWS and so it works only with specific interfaces. Also, the NAT machine gets its IP with DHCP and so bridging is a bit complicated. IP forwarding is set on the NAT machine [root@ip-10-0-1-208 ~]# cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward 1 Thank you!

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  • Kickstart Partitioning Configuration

    - by Flo
    I'be been trying to run a kickstart script with the following partition configuration: #Clear the masterboot record zerombr bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append=" rhgb crashkernel=auto quiet" # Set up the partitions/logical volumes/logical groups clearpart --all part /boot --fstype=ext4 --asprimary --size=512 --ondisk=sda part swap --size=2048 --fstype=swap --ondisk=sda part pv.01 --fstype=ext4 --grow --size=200 --ondisk=sda part pv.02 --fstype=ext4 --grow --size=200 --ondisk=sdb volgroup VolGroup pv.01 pv.02 --pesize=32768 logvol /opt --fstype=ext4 --name=opt.fs --vgname=VolGroup --size=40000 logvol / --fstype=ext4 --name=root.fs --vgname=VolGroup --size=78000 I have two hard drives and it looks to me like its a really simple configuration. When I run the kickstart I keep getting all these errors that have to do with python files for configuring partitions. The only actual maybe useful piece of information is KeyError /dev/sda/ I tried a number of alterations of this configuration but nothing really worked. Any ideas?

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  • RHEL 5.3 Kickstart - How specify location of individual package in Workstation folder?

    - by Ed
    I keep getting "package does not exist" errors during the install. I made a kickstart ISO to create an unattended install of a RHEL 5.3 build machine for C++ software releases. It pulls the kickstart config file from our internal web server. This is handy; it makes it easy to test and modify without having to make a new ISO. And I plan to check it in to version control if I can get it working. Anyway, the rpm packages are located in two folders on the disk; Client and Workstation. The packages install fine for the ones that are physically located under the Client folder. It cannot find those under the Workstation folder such as as doxygen and subversion complaining that packages do not exist. Is there a way to specify the individual package location? # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # P A C K A G E S # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- %packages @gnome-desktop @core @base @base-x @printing @development-tools emacs kexec-tools fipscheck xorg-x11-server-Xnest xorg-x11-server-Xvfb #Packages Located in Workstation Folder *** Install can not find any of these ?? bison doxygen gcc-c++ subversion zlib-devel freetype-devel libxml2-devel Thanks in advance, -Ed

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  • Why not block ICMP?

    - by Agvorth
    I think I almost have my iptables setup complete on my CentOS 5.3 system. Here is my script... # Establish a clean slate iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -F # Flush all rules iptables -X # Delete all chains # Disable routing. Drop packets if they reach the end of the chain. iptables -P FORWARD DROP # Drop all packets with a bad state iptables -A INPUT -m state --state INVALID -j DROP # Accept any packets that have something to do with ones we've sent on outbound iptables -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT # Accept any packets coming or going on localhost (this can be very important) iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT # Accept ICMP iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT # Allow ssh iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # Allow httpd iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT # Allow SSL iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT # Block all other traffic iptables -A INPUT -j DROP For context, this machine is a Virtual Private Server Web app host. In a previous question, Lee B said that I should "lock down ICMP a bit more." Why not just block it altogether? What would happen if I did that (what bad thing would happen)? If I need to not block ICMP, how could I go about locking it down more?

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  • SSH reverse tunnel to monitor and manage remote devices

    - by acid_crucifix
    I have a set a distributed set of devices running Ubuntu 12.04 that I am distributing to clients. I would like to manage them remotely. They may not have fixed IPs and potentially might be behind firewalls. What I am planning to do is have the devices (permanently connected to the net) poll a request URL and based on the response open a reverse tunnel to my server, so that I can access them via that tunnel. Most of what I read about reverse tunnel over SSH is for single use cases and very little about heavy production usage. Is there some reason for this, security issues? or stability? Any help would be much obliged.

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