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  • Cyclic Reference - protocols and subclasses

    - by blindJesse
    I'm getting some cyclic reference (I think) problems between a few classes that require imported headers due to either subclassing or protocol definitions. I can explain why things are set up this way but I'm not sure it's essential. Basically these classes are managing reciprocal to-many data relationships. The layout is this: Class A imports Class B because it's a delegate of Class B and needs its protocol definition. Class B imports Class C because it's a subclass of Class C. Class C imports Class A because it's a delegate of Class A and needs its protocol definition. Here's some sample code that illustrates the problem. The errors I'm getting are as follows: In Class A - "Can't find protocol definition for Class_B_Delegate". In Class B - "Can't find interface declaration for Class C - superclass of Class B." In Class C - "Can't find protocol definition for Class_A_Delegate". Class A header: #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> #import "Class_B.h" @protocol Class_A_Delegate @end @interface Class_A : NSObject <Class_B_Delegate> { } @end Class B header: #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> #import "Class_C.h" @protocol Class_B_Delegate <NSObject> @end @interface Class_B : Class_C { } @end Class C Header: #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> #import "Class_A.h" @interface Class_C : NSObject <Class_A_Delegate> { } @end

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  • c incompatible types in assignment, problem with pointers?

    - by Fantastic Fourier
    Hi I'm working with C and I have a question about assigning pointers. struct foo { int _bar; char * _car[MAXINT]; // this is meant to be an array of char * so that it can hold pointers to names of cars } int foofunc (void * arg) { int bar; char * car[MAXINT]; struct foo thing = (struct foo *) arg; bar = arg->_bar; // this works fine car = arg->_car; // this gives compiler errors of incompatible types in assignment } car and _car have same declaration so why am I getting an error about incompatible types? My guess is that it has something to do with them being pointers (because they are pointers to arrays of char *, right?) but I don't see why that is a problem. when i declared char * car; instead of char * car[MAXINT]; it compiles fine. but I don't see how that would be useful to me later when I need to access certain info using index, it would be very annoying to access that info later. in fact, I'm not even sure if I am going about the right way, maybe there is a better way to store a bunch of strings instead of using array of char *?

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  • How do I return a nested table from an oracle function using Java?

    - by Benny
    I have the following type declaration and Oracle function: CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE var_outcomes_results IS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(80); CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION getValuesAbove(in_nodeID IN table1.KEY_SL%TYPE, in_variable IN VARCHAR2) RETURN var_outcomes_results IS currentID table1.KEY_SL%TYPE; results var_outcomes_results; currentIndex integer := 0; BEGIN currentID := in_nodeID; WHILE currentID != null LOOP FOR outcomeRecord IN (select distinct a.PARENT, b.NAME, c.OUTCOME from table1 a left outer join table2 b on a.KEY_SL = b.KEY_SL left outer join table3 c on b.VAR_ID = c.VAR_ID where a.KEY_SL = currentID) LOOP currentID := outcomeRecord.PARENT; IF lower(outcomeRecord.NAME) = lower(in_variable) AND outcomeRecord.OUTCOME != null THEN currentIndex := currentIndex + 1; results(currentIndex) := outcomeRecord.OUTCOME; END IF; END LOOP; END LOOP; RETURN results; END; I have the following Java function: public List<Object> getAboveValues(String variable, Integer nodeID) { Connection connection = null; CallableStatement callableStatement = null; try { connection = dataSource.getConnection(); callableStatement = connection.prepareCall("begin ? := getValuesAbove(?,?); end;"); callableStatement.registerOutParameter(1, OracleTypes.ARRAY); callableStatement.setInt(2, nodeID); callableStatement.setString(3, variable); callableStatement.execute(); System.out.println(callableStatement.getObject(1)); } catch( SQLException e ) { logger.error("An Exception was thrown in getAboveValues: " + e); } finally { closeDataResources(callableStatement, connection); } } However, when I execute the function, I get the following error message: "ORA-03115: unsupported network datatype or representation" What am I doing wrong? Any ideas/suggestions would be appreciated. Thanks, B.J.

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  • Java map with values limited by key's type parameter

    - by Ashley Mercer
    Is there a way in Java to have a map where the type parameter of a value is tied to the type parameter of a key? What I want to write is something like the following: public class Foo { // This declaration won't compile - what should it be? private static Map<Class<T>, T> defaultValues; // These two methods are just fine public static <T> void setDefaultValue(Class<T> clazz, T value) { defaultValues.put(clazz, value); } public static <T> T getDefaultValue(Class<T> clazz) { return defaultValues.get(clazz); } } That is, I can store any default value against a Class object, provided the value's type matches that of the Class object. I don't see why this shouldn't be allowed since I can ensure when setting/getting values that the types are correct. EDIT: Thanks to cletus for his answer. I don't actually need the type parameters on the map itself since I can ensure consistency in the methods which get/set values, even if it means using some slightly ugly casts.

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  • Bind a generic list to a listbox and also use a datatemplate

    - by muku
    Hello, I'm trying to implement something quite simple but I'm on my first steps in WPF and I'm having some problems. I have a class called Component which has a property called Vertices. Vertices is a generic List of type Point. What I want is to bind the vertices property to a listbox. This is easy by using this code in my XAML in the listbox declaration: ItemsSource="{Binding Path=Component.Vertices, Mode=OneWay, Converter={StaticResource verticesconverter},UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}" The tricky part is when I try to create a datatemplate for the listbox. I want each row of the listbox to display a textbox with the values of the Vertex (Point.X, Point.Y) and a button to allow me to delete the item. Could you help me on the datatemplate definition. The code below doesn't work to bind the X,Y values into two separate textboxes. Could you point me on the mistake and why nothing is displayed in the textboxes? <ListBox ItemsSource="{Binding Path=Component.Vertices, Mode=OneWay,UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged}"> <ListBox.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate> <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Margin="0,10,0,0"> <TextBox Text="{Binding X}" MinWidth="35" MaxWidth="35"/> <TextBox Text="{Binding Y}" MinWidth="35" MaxWidth="35"/> </StackPanel> </DataTemplate> </ListBox.ItemTemplate> /ListBox>

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  • general learning methodology

    - by momo
    just wanted to hear on the different general learning paths people embark on when learning a new language/framework. the one i currently use, which is how i learned bash and am currently learning python, is: instant hacking tutorial (very short tutorial introducing the basic syntax, variable declaration, loops, data types, etc. and how they are generally used) in depth tutorial with good programming style and slightly topic-specific (e.g. Mark Pilgrim's Dive into Python), important topics for me personally are regex methods, file IO, and ways the different data types are utilized best (i wrote a very primitive bayesian spam filter using python's dictionaries to keep track of word occurrences) spaced-repition of syntax or short recipes (i use anki, with questions like 'create dictionary with filename and filesize metadata, human-readable' or simpler ones like 'match 0 - 3 occurences of the letter M in a string', or 'return/create an iterator from two sequences') the use of spaced-repitition has been invaluable, and i credit it with the ease that i can recall/create python algorithms. however, i've recently started looking into django, and i've found that spaced-repitition, at least in my case, doesn't work very well for learning a framework, it works best with short code recipes (either that or i should start looking into more basic django framework tutorials). the problem i'm encountering is that since framework programming is not only algorithms, but actually learning the API, which can be quite complex since you have to learn all the methods, modules, the places where they are stored, and the sequence of which things have to be done. for ex. in django to start a project that deals with polls (from the django tutorial), one has to create the project, edit the settings.py file, create the polls app, edit the models.py file (which requires knowing the classes that are present in the module models), edit the urls.py file, etc. i found that my spaced-repition method didn't work very well for this type of learning, so i wanted to ask you guys what method(s) you use for learning the different frameworks/APIs.

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  • C# internal VS VBNET Friend

    - by Will Marcouiller
    To this SO question: What is the C# equivalent of friend?, I would personally have answered "internal", just like Ja did among the answers! However, Jon Skeet says that there is no direct equivalence of VB Friend in C#. If Jon Skeet says so, I won't be the one telling otherwise! ;P I'm wondering how can the keyword internal (C#) not be the equivalent of Friend (VBNET) when their respective definitions are: Friend VBNET The Friend (Visual Basic) keyword in the declaration statement specifies that the elements can be accessed from within the same assembly, but not from outside the assembly. [...] internal C# Internal: Access is limited to the current assembly. To my understanding, these definitions mean quite the same to me. Then, respectively, when I'm coding in VB.NET, I use the Friend keyword to specify that a class or a property shall be accessible only within the assembly where it is declared. The same in C#, I use the internal keyword to specify the same. Am I doing something or anything wrong from this perspective? What are the refinements I don't get? Might someone please explain how or in what Friend and internal are not direct equivalences? Thanks in advance for any of your answers!

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  • what are all the Optimize tricks that you know for asp.net code ?

    - by Aristos
    After some time of many code programming on asp.net, I discover the very big speed different between string and StringBuilder. I know that is very common and known but I just mention it for start. The second think that I have found to speed up the code, is to use the const, and not the static, for declare my configuration constants value (especial the strings). With the const, the compiler not create new object, but just place the value, on the point that you have ask it, but with the static declaration, is create a new memory object and keep its on the memory. My third trick, is when I search for string, I use hash values, and not the string itself. For example, if I need a List<string SomeValues, and place inside strings that I need to search them, I prefer to use List<int SomeHashValue, and I use the hash value to locate the strings. My forth thought that I was wandering, is if is better to place big strings in one line, or separate them in different lines with the + symbol to be more easy to read out. I make some tests and see that the compiler make a good job is some split the string, in many lines, using the + symbol. What other tricks/tips do you know and use on your programming to make it run faster, and maybe use less memory. Well I know, that some times, to make something run faster, you need more memory, more cache. My priority is on speed. Because Speed Counts.

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  • Errors with redefinitions after upgrade to XCode 3.2.3

    - by CA Bearsfan
    I recently upgraded to Snow Leopard and Xcode 3.2.5 so I could test on my iPod Touch and iPhone and ran into some problems with the project I was working on. First it couldn't find a Base SDK, then my old frameworks weren't hooking up correctly. Finally after setting the Project Format to Xcode 3.1 compatible (3.2 also worked) and the Base SDK for all configurations to iOS 4.2, then setting my iOS deployment target to iOS 3.0 I was able to get the system to find a Base SDK and attempt a build. That's when the frameworks didn't want to cooperate. 4/6 I'm using displayed in red, so I re routed the path to the iPhone simulator 4.2 platform which worked perfectly. I was able to build my project, no errors or warnings and my app worked fine. I went to work last night thinking I had fixed the problem. This morning I fired up the laptop and went to build my code base and now have 1142 errors all of which have to do with code I haven't written deemed as being redefined. Suggestions? The following is just a small sample of the error list (obviously don't need to see all 1142) //Frameworks/Foundation.framework/Headers/NSZone.h:48: error: redefinition of 'NSMakeCollectable' /Frameworks/Foundation.framework/Headers/NSObject.h:65: error: duplicate interface declaration for class 'NSObject' /Frameworks/Foundation.framework/Headers/NSObject.h:67: error: redefinition of 'struct NSObject'

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  • Disable Eclipse warning about generated html?

    - by Chadwick
    When developing Flex projects, Eclipse gives warnings about the default index.html file generated by Flex Builder. The file is in the 'target' folder (or "generated artifacts" folder. Yes, I'm also using Maven). Can I eliminate or disable this warning? The code which generates the warning is below, though I would definitely prefer not changing the html - as I say this is the template suggested by Adobe. Eclipse warns of "Undefined attribute name (xxx)" for scroll on the body tag, and most of the embed attributes. There is no DOCTYPE declaration in the html file. <html lang="en"> ... <body scroll="no"> ... <embed src="myswf.swf" quality="high" bgcolor="#869ca7" width="100%" height="100%" name="myswf-flex" align="middle" play="true" loop="false" quality="high" allowScriptAccess="sameDomain" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" pluginspage="http://www.adobe.com/go/getflashplayer"> </embed> ...

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  • C Nested Structure Pointer Problem

    - by Halo
    I have a shared structure, and inside it a request structure: struct shared_data { pthread_mutex_t th_mutex_queue; struct request_queue { int min; int max; char d_name[DIR_SIZE]; pid_t pid; int t_index; } request_queue[BUFSIZE]; int count; int data_buffer_allocation[BUFSIZE]; int data_buffers[BUFSIZE][100]; }; Then I prepare a request; struct shared_data *sdata_ptr; ... ... sdata_ptr->request_queue[index].pid = pid; strcpy(sdata_ptr->request_queue[index].d_name, dir_path_name); sdata_ptr->request_queue[index].min = min; sdata_ptr->request_queue[index].max = max; And the compiler warns me that I'm doing an incompatible implicit declaration in the strcpy function. I guess that's a problem with the pointers, but isn't what I wrote above supposed to be true?

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  • Why does GCC need extra declarations in templates when VS does not?

    - by Kyle
    template<typename T> class Base { protected: Base() {} T& get() { return t; } T t; }; template<typename T> class Derived : public Base<T> { public: Base<T>::get; // Line A Base<T>::t; // Line B void foo() { t = 4; get(); } }; int main() { return 0; } If I comment out lines A and B, this code compiles fine under Visual Studio 2008. Yet when I compile under GCC 4.1 with lines A and B commented, I get these errors: In member function ‘void TemplateDerived::foo()’: error: ‘t’ was not declared in this scope error: there are no arguments to ‘get’ that depend on a template parameter, so a declaration of ‘get’ must be available Why would one compiler require lines A and B while the other doesn't? Is there a way to simplify this? In other words, if derived classes use 20 things from the base class, I have to put 20 lines of declarations for every class deriving from Base! Is there a way around this that doesn't require so many declarations?

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  • java annotations - problem with calling a locator class from a Vaadin Project

    - by George
    Hello, I'm not sure how to explain this without writing several pages so I hope the actual code is more expressive. I've made a jar containing multiple annotation declaration similar to the following: @Target(ElementType.PACKAGE) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) public @interface MarkedPackage { } then I have made a test jar containing several classes in several packages and marked just one package with the above annotation (with package-info.java) like below: @myPackage.MarkedPackage package package.test.jar; this jar had in its build path the jar containing the annotations. then I made a static class that has a method (LoadPlugins) that retrieves a list with all the jars of a directory. Then it searches through the jars for the 'package-info' class and checks if that classes package contains the MarkedPackage annotation. by calling this: if (checkPackageAnnotation(thisClass.getPackage())) where thisClass is the package-info class retrieved via a classloader. and: public static boolean checkPackageAnnotation(AnnotatedElement elem) { System.out.println(elem.getAnnotations().length); if (elem == null || !elem.isAnnotationPresent(MarkedPackage.class)) return false; return true; } the elem.getAnnotatios().length is there for debug purposes. And the problem appears when I call the method from the static class: if I call it from a main function: public class MyMain { public static void main(String[] args){ PluginUtils.LoadPlugins(); } } everything works perfectly it displays '1' from that System.out.println(elem.getAnnotations().length); But if I call it from a button from my Vaadin project: header.addComponent(new Button("CallThat", new Button.ClickListener() { public void buttonClick(ClickEvent event) { PluginUtils.LoadPlugins(); } })); It displays '0' from that System.out.println(elem.getAnnotations().length); Also I should mention that I created the main inside my Vaadin project so it would have the exact same build path and resources. Is there a problem with web applications and that "@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)" ? hope I was clear enough... Hope someone has a solution for me... If you need more information - let me know. Thank you.

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  • Variable reference problem when loading an object from a file in Java

    - by Snail
    I have a problem with the reference of a variable when loading a saved serialized object from a data file. All the variables referencing to the same object doesn't seem to update on the change. I've made a code snipped below that illustrates the problem. Tournament test1 = new Tournament(); Tournament test2 = test1; try { FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("test.out"); ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(fis); test1 = (Tournament) in.readObject(); in.close(); } catch (IOException ex){ Logger.getLogger(Frame.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex); } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex){ Logger.getLogger(Frame.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex); } System.out.println("test1: " + test1); System.out.println("test2: " + test2); After this code is ran test1 and test2 doesn't reference to the same object anymore. To my knowledge they should do that since in the declaration of test2 makes it a reference to test1. When test1 is updated test2 should reflect the change and return the new object when called in the code. Am I missing something essential here or have I been misstaught about how the variable references in Java works?

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  • Classloader issue (GWT)

    - by Banang
    I'm currently working on a gwt app, where the server uses a few third party libs. recently I discovered that one of these libs isn't being properly loaded when running my app in deployed mode, and I just can't seem to figure out what out is I'm doing wrong. In my build script I have the following classpath declaration: <path id="project.class.path"> <pathelement location="${war.dir}/WEB-INF/classes"/> <fileset dir="${war.dir}/WEB-INF/lib" includes="**/*.jar"/> </path> and in a later target I copy the jar I need to the right location: <copy todir="${war.dir}/WEB-INF/lib" file="someJar.jar" /> The project builds as it should, without any errors. The jars are copied to where the should be, and are included in the resulting war file. In development mode everything is working as it should, everything gets loaded properly and I hear no complaints. However, in the deployed version I get this thrown at me: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/lang/exception/NestableRuntimeException java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method) java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:621) java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:124) org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2331) org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:976) org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1451) org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1329) java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:320) my.package.server.util.SomeUtils.doSomethingFantastic(SomeUtils.java:84) Line 84 in SomeUtils is trying to instantiate a class from someJar.jar. I know very little about how the class loader for gwt works, and I sure could use a hand. Anyone got any ideas on how to solve this?

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  • Changing the innerHTML of elements in a nested div tag..

    - by PoorCoder
    -- Representative code only - I need to know how to change the innerhtml of the tablerow -- <html> <head> <script> //full javascript declaration - function call after page loads.. function () { document.getElementById('tr1').innerHTML='<td>Test</td>'; // does not work.. document.getElementByTagNames('tr')[0].innerHTML='<td>Test</td>'; // does not work.. document.getElementById('div2').getElementsByTagNames('tr')[0].innerHTML='<td>Test</td>'; //does not work.. document.getElementById('div1').div2.tr1.innerHTML='<td>Test</td>'; //nope } </script> </head> <body> <div id='div1'> <div id='div2'> <table> <tr id='tr1'></tr> </table> </div> </div> </body> </html> Thanks for the help

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  • VBA: Difference in two ways of declaring a new object? (Trying to understand why my solution works)

    - by Matt
    I was creating a new object within a loop, and adding that object to a collection; but when I read back the collection after, it was always filled entirely with the last object I had added. I've come up with two ways around this, but I simply do not understand why my initial implementation was wrong. Original: Dim oItem As Variant Dim sOutput As String Dim i As Integer Dim oCollection As New Collection For i = 0 To 10 Dim oMatch As New clsMatch oMatch.setLineNumber i oCollection.Add oMatch Next For Each oItem In oCollection sOutput = sOutput & "[" & oItem.lineNumber & "]" Next MsgBox sOutput This resulted in every lineNumber being 10; I was obviously not creating new objects, but instead using the same one each time through the loop, despite the declaration being inside of the loop. So, I added Set oMatch = Nothing immediately before the Next line, and this fixed the problem, it was now 0 to 10. So if the old object was explicitly destroyed, then it was willing to create a new one? I would have thought the next iteration through the loop would cause anything declared within the loop do be destroyed due to scope? Curious, I tried another way of declaring a new object: Dim oMatch As clsMatch: Set oMatch = New clsMatch. This, too, results in 0 to 10. Can anyone explain to me why the first implementation was wrong?

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  • Catch FileNotFoundException in AsyncTask method

    - by Musterknabe
    I'm getting the favicon of a website with a method. Of course not every website has a favicon. So I want to catch it. The app doesn't crash if the website doesn't have a favicon but I still get an FileNotFoundException in the LogCat. The problem I'm encountering is that I can't catch it When I add `catch (FileNotFoundException f) to my try-catch block it tells me Unreachable catch block for FileNotFoundException. This exception is never thrown from the try statement body. The options I have is to remove it or to add a throws declaration to the doInBackground-method. The latter is not possible. This is the whole Try-Catch try{ String baseURL = getBaseURL ( sourceURLArr[i] ); System.out.println(baseURL + "/favicon.ico"); Bitmap favicon = getBitmapFromURL( baseURL + "/favicon.ico"); Drawable fv = new BitmapDrawable(getResources(), Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(favicon, 20, 20, true)); source [i].setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(fv, null, null, null); } catch(NullPointerException e){ } catch(FileNotFoundException f){ } I already tried to switch the FileNotFoundException with the NullPointerException but it was the same error. When I add the throws to the asynctask do in background method I get Exception FileNotFoundException is not compatible with throws clause in AsyncTask<Void,Void,Void>.doInBackground(Void[]) How can I now catch the FileNotFoundException?

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  • P/Invoke declarations should not be safe-critical

    - by Bobrovsky
    My code imports following native methods: DeleteObject, GetFontData and SelectObject from gdi32.dll GetDC and ReleaseDC from user32.dll I want to run the code in full trust and medium trust environments (I am fine with exceptions being thrown when these imported methods are indirectly used in medium trust environments). When I run Code Analysis on the code I get warnings like: CA5122 P/Invoke declarations should not be safe-critical. P/Invoke method 'GdiFont.DeleteObject(IntPtr)' is marked safe-critical. Since P/Invokes may only be called by critical code, this declaration should either be marked as security critical, or have its annotation removed entirely to avoid being misleading. Could someone explain me (in layman terms) what does this warning really mean? I tried putting these imports in static SafeNativeMethods class as internal static methods but this doesn't make the warnings go away. I didn't try to put them in NativeMethods because after reading this article I am unsure that it's the right way to go because I don't want my code to be completely unusable in medium trust environments (I think this will be the consequence of moving imports to NativeMethods). Honestly, I am pretty much confused about the real meaning of the warning and consequences of different options to suppressing it. Could someone shed some light on all this? EDIT: My code target .NET 2.0 framework. Assembly is marked with [assembly: AllowPartiallyTrustedCallers] Methods are declared like this: [DllImport("gdi32")] internal static extern int DeleteObject(HANDLE hObject);

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  • Visual Studio IntelliSense - IHideObjectMembers trick doesn't work. What am I missing?

    - by stakx
    The IHideObjectMembers trick can be used e.g. in fluent interface implementations to hide System.Object members from IntelliSense. (If you don't know this trick, you can read up on it via the above link; I'm just repeating the interface's usual declaration here:) using System; using System.ComponentModel; [EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)] public interface IHideObjectMembers { [EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)] Type GetType(); [EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)] int GetHashCode(); [EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)] string ToString(); [EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)] bool Equals(object obj); } I'm now supposed to be able to hide System.Object members on another type as follows: public class SomeClass : IHideObjectMembers { ... } or: public class ISomeInterface : IHideObjectMembers { ... } I tried this in both VS 2008 Express and VS 2008 Standard. However, no members are hidden from IntelliSense at all. I have used the EditorBrowsableAttribute in different projects and it always worked well; however, it doesn't work in this particular scenario. If things had worked as expected, I would only have seen the SomeMethodTwo method. Am I missing something?

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  • Trouble with Unions in C program.

    - by Jordan S
    I am working on a C program that uses a Union. The union definition is in FILE_A header file and looks like this... // FILE_A.h**************************************************** xdata union { long position; char bytes[4]; }CurrentPosition; If I set the value of CurrentPosition.position in FILE_A.c and then call a function in FILE_B.c that uses the union, the data in the union is back to Zero. This is demonstrated below. // FILE_A.c**************************************************** int main.c(void) { CurrentPosition.position = 12345; SomeFunctionInFileB(); } // FILE_B.c**************************************************** void SomeFunctionInFileB(void) { // After the following lines execute I see all zeros in the flash memory. WriteByteToFlash(CurrentPosition.bytes[0]; WriteByteToFlash(CurrentPosition.bytes[1]; WriteByteToFlash(CurrentPosition.bytes[2]; WriteByteToFlash(CurrentPosition.bytes[3]; } Now, If I pass a long to SomeFunctionInFileB(long temp) and then store it into CurrentPosition.bytes within that function, and finally call WriteBytesToFlash(CurrentPosition.bytes[n]... it works just fine. It appears as though the CurrentPosition Union is not global. So I tried changing the union definition in the header file to include the extern keyword like this... extern xdata union { long position; char bytes[4]; }CurrentPosition; and then putting this in the source (.c) file... xdata union { long position; char bytes[4]; }CurrentPosition; but this causes a compile error that says: C:\SiLabs\Optec Programs\AgosRot\MotionControl.c:76: error 91: extern definition for 'CurrentPosition' mismatches with declaration. C:\SiLabs\Optec Programs\AgosRot\/MotionControl.h:48: error 177: previously defined here So what am I doing wrong? How do I make the union global?

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  • Should I return an NSMutableString in a method that returns NSString

    - by Casey Marshall
    Ok, so I have a method that takes an NSString as input, does an operation on the contents of this string, and returns the processed string. So the declaration is: - (NSString *) processString: (NSString *) str; The question: should I just return the NSMutableString instance that I used as my "work" buffer, or should I create a new NSString around the mutable one, and return that? So should I do this: - (NSString *) processString: (NSString *) str { NSMutableString *work = [NSMutableString stringWithString: str]; // process 'work' return work; } Or this: - (NSString *) processString: (NSString *) str { NSMutableString *work = [NSMutableString stringWithString: str]; // process 'work' return [NSString stringWithString: work]; // or [work stringValue]? } The second one makes another copy of the string I'm returning, unless NSString does smart things like copy-on-modify. But the first one is returning something the caller could, in theory, go and modify later. I don't care if they do that, since the string is theirs. But are there valid reasons for preferring the latter form over the former? And, is either stringWithString or stringValue preferred over the other?

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  • [C++] Multiple inclusion in multiple files

    - by Amumu
    Hi everyone, I am making a small game. In BattleRecord.h: #ifndef _CHARACTER_H_ #define _CHARACTER_H_ #include "Character.h" #endif class BattleRecord { public: Character Attacker; Character Defender; Status status; int DamageDealt; int GoldEarned; int ExpGained; }; In Character.h: #ifndef _EQUIPMENT_H_ #define _EQUIPMENT_H_ #include "Equipment.h" #endif class BattleRecord; class Character { BattleRecord AttackEnemy(Character &Enemy); } In BattleRecord.h: #ifndef _CHARACTER_H_ #define _CHARACTEr_H_ #include "Character.h" #endif #ifndef _BATLE_RECORD_H_ #define _BATLE_RECORD_H_ #include "BattleRecord.h" #endif class GUI { public: //GUI Methods, and two of these: void ViewStats(Character &Player); void Report(BattleRecord Record) } The problem here is, my Character.h and BattleRecord.h need to include each other, and this definitely will cause multiple redefinition problem. Therefore, I used forward declaration in Character.h by adding: class BattleRecord; The problem is sovled. But then, the GUI.h needs BattleRecord.h again for reporting the battle, so I have to include BattleRecord.h into the GUI.h. I also have to include the Character.h in order to pass into the ViewStat function. I got error and stuck with this up to this piont.

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  • Initializing PHP class property declarations with simple expressions yields syntax error

    - by user171929
    According to the PHP docs, one can initialize properties in classes with the following restriction: "This declaration may include an initialization, but this initialization must be a constant value--that is, it must be able to be evaluated at compile time and must not depend on run-time information in order to be evaluated." I'm trying to initialize an array and having some issues. While this works fine: public $var = array( 1 => 4, 2 => 5, ); This creates a syntax error: public $var = array( 1 => 4, 2 => (4+1), ); Even this isn't accepted: public $var = 4+1; which suggests it's not a limitation of the array() language construct. Now, the last time I checked, "4+1" equated to a constant value that not only should be accepted, but should in fact be optimized away. In any case, it's certainly able to be evaluated at compile-time. So what's going on here? Is the limitation really along the lines of "cannot be any calculated expression at all", versus any expression "able to be evaluated at compile time"? The use of "evaluated" in the doc's language suggests that simple calculations are permitted, but alas.... If this is a bug in PHP, does anyone have a bug ID? I tried to find one but didn't have any luck.

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  • No "redefinition of default parameter error" for class template member function?

    - by STingRaySC
    Why does the following give no compilation error?: // T.h template<class T> class X { public: void foo(int a = 42); }; // Main.cpp #include "T.h" #include <iostream> template<class T> void X<T>::foo(int a = 13) { std::cout << a << std::endl; } int main() { X<int> x; x.foo(); // prints 42 } It seems as though the 13 is just silently ignored by the compiler. Why is this? The cooky thing is that if the template declaration is in Main.cpp instead of a header file, I do indeed get the default parameter redefinition error. Now I know the compiler will complain about this if it were just an ordinary (non-template) function. What does the standard have to say about default parameters in class template member functions or function templates?

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