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  • hierarchical clustering with gene expression matrix in python

    - by user248237
    how can I do a hierarchical clustering (in this case for gene expression data) in Python in a way that shows the matrix of gene expression values along with the dendrogram? What I mean is like the example here: http://www.mathworks.cn/access/helpdesk/help/toolbox/bioinfo/ug/a1060813239b1.html shown after bullet point 6 (Figure 1), where the dendrogram is plotted to the left of the gene expression matrix, where the rows have been reordered to reflect the clustering. How can I do this in Python using numpy/scipy or other tools? Also, is it computationally practical to do this with a matrix of about 11,000 genes, using euclidean distance as a metric? thanks.

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  • How do I prevent jagged edges alongside the surfaces of my 3d model?

    - by badcodenotreat
    Lets say I've implemented in openGL a crude model viewer with shading which renders a series of blocks, such that I have something that looks like this. http://i.imgur.com/TsF7K.jpg Whenever I rotate my model to the side, it causes an unwanted jagged effect along any surface with a steep viewing angle. http://i.imgur.com/Bgl9o.jpg I'm pretty sure this is due to the polygon offset I used to prevent z-fighting between the model and the wireframe, however I'm not able to find the factor/unit parameters in openGL which prevent this unwanted effect. what are the best values of factor and unit for glPolygonOffset to prevent this? would implementing anti-aliasing alleviate the problem? is the trade off in performance trivial/significant? is this perhaps a shading issue? should i try a solution along this line of thought?

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  • What is the `name` keyword in JavaScript?

    - by Joey Adams
    When I typed this apparently innocent snippet of code: values.name gedit highlighted name as a keyword. However, name is not listed by the pages linked to by an answer to a question about reserved keywords. I also did a couple trivial tests in SpiderMonkey, but name seemed to act like an ordinary identifier. A Google search didn't tell me much either. However, I did find a page listing name in "Other JavaScript Keywords". My guess is that name is a function or a member of some DOM element and does not intrude on the namespace. Is name really a keyword in JavaScript? If so, what does it do?

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  • A quick design question about C++ container classes in shared memory

    - by recipriversexclusion
    I am writing a simple wrapper around boost::interprocess's vector container to implement a ring buffer in shared memory (shm) for IPC. Assume that buf is an instance of RingBuffer created in shm. Now, in its ctor, buf itself allocates a private boost::interprocess::vector data member to store values, e.g. m_data. My question is: I think m_data should also be created in shared memory. But it this a necessity? What happens if buf that was created in shm itself, allocates standard memory, i.e. using new. Does this get allocated on the calling process's heap? I don't think buf is allocated there so how come a data member that is private to an object not on a process's heap gets allocated there. I'm confused.

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  • No_data_found exception is progating in outer block also?

    - by Vineet
    In my code i am entering the salary which is not available in employees table and then again inserting duplicate employee_id in primary key column of employee table in exception block where i am handling no data found exception but i do not why 'No data found exception in the end also? OUTPUT coming: Enter some other sal ORA-01400: cannot insert NULL into ("SCOTT"."EMPLOYEES"."LAST_NAME") ORA-01403: no data found --This should not come according to logic This is the code DECLARE v_sal number:=&p_sal; v_num number; BEGIN BEGIN select salary INTO v_num from employees where salary=v_sal; EXCEPTION WHEN no_data_found THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Enter some other sal'); INSERT INTO employees (employee_id)values(100) ; END; EXCEPTION WHEN OTHERS THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(sqlerrm); END;

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  • Why is it bad to use boolean flags in databases? And what should be used instead?

    - by David Chanin
    I've been reading through some of guides on database optimization and best practices and a lot of them suggest not using boolean flags at all in the DB schema (ex http://forge.mysql.com/wiki/Top10SQLPerformanceTips). However, they never provide any reason as to why this is bad. Is it a peformance issue? is it hard to index or query properly? Furthermore, if boolean flags are bad, what should you use to store boolean values in a database? Is it better to store boolean flags as an integer and use a bitmask? This seems like it would be less readable.

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  • Transpose a Collection

    - by Joseph Melettukunnel
    Hello, I've a list of different sizes of a T-Shirt, e.g. S, M, L. Since this might change for T-Shirts (sometimes we just have e.g. M, L), we load this into a List sizes. Since most DataGrids (xamDataGrid, WPF Toolkit DataGrid) need Properties for binding to the Columns, I'd like to transpose somehow my data. Does anyone have an idea how to do this? E.g. Instead of having List where Size { string sizeName, int available, int defect, int ordered} Avail. Defect Ordered [S] 1 2 3 [M] 1 2 3 [L] 1 2 3 I want an Object which has the Properties S, M, L containing the Values like this: [S] [M] [L] Avail. 1 2 3 Defect 1 2 3 Ordered 1 2 3 The problem here is that I don't know how many sizes will be available for the tshirt, it might be 3, 4, or 10. Thanks for any help Cheers PS: Here is a mockup of how the final grid should look like http://img39.imageshack.us/img39/9161/multirowspangridfixedel.png

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  • Decrease DB requests number from Django templates

    - by Andrew
    I publish discount offers for my city. Offer models are passed to template ( ~15 offers per page). Every offer has lot of items(every item has FK to it's offer), thus i have to make huge number of DB request from template. {% for item in offer.1 %} {{item.descr}} {{item.start_date}} {{item.price|floatformat}} {%if not item.tax_included %}{%trans "Without taxes"%}{%endif%} <a href="{{item.offer.wwwlink}}" >{%trans "Buy now!"%}</a> </div> <div class="clear"></div> {% endfor %} So there are ~200-400 DB requests per page, that's abnormal i expect. In django code it is possible to use select_related to prepopulate needed values, how can i decrease number of requests in template?

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  • Why the good append syntax is so ugly, asks python newbie

    - by Cawas
    Now following my series of "python newbie questions" and based on another question. Go to http://python.net/~goodger/projects/pycon/2007/idiomatic/handout.html#other-languages-have-variables and scroll down to "Default Parameter Values". There you can find the following: def bad_append(new_item, a_list=[]): a_list.append(new_item) return a_list def good_append(new_item, a_list=None): if a_list is None: a_list = [] a_list.append(new_item) return a_list So, question here is: why is the "good" syntax over a known issue ugly like that in a programming language that promotes "elegant syntax" and "easy-to-use"? Why not just something in the definition itself, that the "argument" name is attached to a "localized" mutable object like: def better_append(new_item, a_list=[].local): a_list.append(new_item) return a_list I'm sure there would be a better way to do this syntax, but I'm also almost positive there's a good reason to why it hasn't been done. So, anyone happens to know why?

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  • z-index has no effect in IE7 with Google Map and Navigation Sub-Menus

    - by bhamrick
    I feel like the problem is extremely apparent. I'm working on an issue with a client's site, which actually happens on several of my clients' sites but this one is the most apparent. IE7 Is refusing to obey z-index rules. I've played around with differing values, particularly on the divs #mapWrapper and #map. Take a look here: http://thepaysongroup.com/wp-content/plugins/hq_idx/searchlistings.php I've done dozens of web searches and I can't find anything that resolves this issue. I also ready through Aleksandar Vacic's article on IE6/7 z-index discrepancies, but still nothing. Any assistance would be much appreciated, I'm tearing my hair out on this one.

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  • Issue with child of custom Decorator class in WPF

    - by galacticgrug
    I need a custom border that renders a little differently than a normal border. I made a class that inherited from Decorator as follows class BetterBorder : Decorator { protected override Size ArrangeOverride(Size arrangeSize) { return arrangeSize; } protected override void OnRender(DrawingContext dc) { //these values are calculated elsewhere dc.DrawGeometry(backgroundBrush, borderPen, pathGeometry); } } //Properties and helper methods below this All of this works fine until I try to add a child to the control, the control can be added but is not visible and seems to be moved off BetterBorders visible client area. If I inherit from Border everything works fine, what am I missing?

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  • Is it possible to a db constraint in for this rule?

    - by Pure.Krome
    Hi folks, I wish to make sure that my data has a constraint the following check (constraint?) in place This table can only have one BorderColour per hub/category. (eg. #FFAABB) But it can have multiple nulls. (all the other rows are nulls, for this field) Table Schema ArticleId INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL HubId TINYINT NOT NULL CategoryId INT NOT NULL Title NVARCHAR(100) NOT NULL Content NVARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL BorderColour VARCHAR(7) -- Can be nullable. I'm gussing I would have to make a check constraint? But i'm not sure how, etc. sample data. 1, 1, 1, 'test', 'blah...', '#FFAACC' 1, 1, 1, 'test2', 'sfsd', NULL 1, 1, 2, 'Test3', 'sdfsd dsf s', NULL 1, 1, 2, 'Test4', 'sfsdsss', '#AABBCC' now .. if i add the following line, i should get some sql error.... INSERT INTO tblArticle VALUES (1, 2, 'aaa', 'bbb', '#ABABAB') any ideas?

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  • Is there a Django template tag that lets me set a context variable?

    - by hekevintran
    I want to be able to set variables in a template to string values. I wrote a tag, but it doesn't seem to change the context. The intended use is: {% define my_var as "a string" %} class DefineNode(Node): def __init__(self, value, variable_name, nodelist): self.value = value self.variable_name = variable_name self.nodelist = nodelist def __repr__(self): return "<DefineNode>" def render(self, context): context[self.variable_name] = self.value return '' @register.tag def define(parser, token): bits = list(token.split_contents()) if len(bits) != 4: raise TemplateSyntaxError("%r expected format is 'value as variable'" % bits[0]) if bits[1][0] in ('"', "'") and bits[1][-1] == bits[1][0]: value = bits[1][1:-1] nodelist = parser.parse(('enddefine',)) parser.delete_first_token() return DefineNode(value, bits[3], nodelist) I

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  • vectorization of a text file

    - by Fox
    I am trying to implement vectorization of a text file...I have created a dictionary (Unique words in all the documents) ... Which is the best way to implement this in java? For example - My dictionary has the following words - {w1, w2, w3, w4} And I have 2 documents each having subset of the words in the vocabulary. I need to write to a text file the matrix in the form -- 1,3,4,0 0,0,2,1 Here each row represents a document and the values represent the occurrence of each word in the document. Can you suggest me the most efficient way to implement this in Java?

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  • Grails Unit Tests: Why does this statement fail?

    - by leeand00
    I've developed in Java in the past, and now I'm trying to learn Grails/Groovy using this slightly dated tutorial. import grails.test.* class DateTagLibTests extends TagLibUnitTestCase { def dateTagLib protected void setUp() { super.setUp() dateTagLib = new DateTagLib() } protected void tearDown() { super.tearDown() } void testThisYear() { String expected = Calendar.getInstance().get(Calendar.YEAR) // NOTE: This statement fails assertEquals("the years dont match and I dont know why.", expected, dateTagLib.thisYear()) } } DateTagLibTests.groovy (Note: this TagLibUnitTestCase is for Grails 1.2.1 and not the version used in the tutorial) For some reason the above test fails with: expected:<2010 but was:<2010 I've tried replacing the test above with the following alternate version of the test, and the test passes just fine: void testThisYear() { String expected = Calendar.getInstance().get(Calendar.YEAR) String actual = dateTagLib.thisYear() // NOTE: The following two assertions work: assertEquals("the years don\'t match", expected, actual) assertTrue("the years don\'t match", expected.equals(actual)) } These two versions of the test are basically the same thing right? Unless there's something new in Grails 1.2.1 or Groovy that I'm not understanding. They should be of the same type because the values are both the value returned by Calendar.getInstance().get(Calendar.YEAR)

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  • effective retrieve for a voting system in PHP and MySQL

    - by Adnan
    Hello, I have a system where registered users can vote up/vote down comment for a picture. Something very similar to SO's voting system. I store the votes in a table with values as such; vote_id | vote_comment_id | vote_user_id | vote_date | vote_type Now I have few a question concerned the speed and efficiency for the following; PROB: Once a user opens the picture page with comments I need, if that user has already voted UP/DOWN a comment to show it like; "you voted up" or "you voted down" next to the comment (in SO it the vote image is highlighted) MY POSSIBLE SOL: Right now when I open a picture page for each comment I loop thru, I loop thru my table of votes as well and check if a user has voted and show the status (I compare the vote_user_id with the user's session). How efficient is this? Anyone have a better approach to tackle this kind of problem?

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  • SQLServer Binary Data with ActiveRecord and JDBC

    - by John Duff
    I'm using the activerecord-jdbc-adapter with ActiveRecord to be able to access a SQLServer database for Rails Application running under jRuby and am having trouble inserting binary data. The Exception I am getting is below. Note I just have a blurb for the binary data from the fixtures that was working fine for MySQL. ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: ActiveRecord::ActiveRecordError: Operand type clash: nvarchar is incompatible with image: INSERT INTO blobstorage_datachunks ([id], [datafile_id], [chunk_number], [data]) VALUES (369397133, 663419003, 0, N'GIF89a@') When I created the tables the migration had binary and SQLServer used Image instead. We're using Rails 2.3.5, SQLServer Express 2008. What I'm looking for is a way to get the binary data into SQLServer with ActiveRecord. Thanks in advance for the help.

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  • Iterating through nested dictionaries

    - by Framester
    I want to write an iterator for my 'toy' Trie implementation. Adding already works like this: class Trie: def __init__(self): self.root = dict() pass def add(self, string, value): global nops current_dict = self.root for letter in s: nops += 1 current_dict = current_dict.setdefault(letter, {}) current_dict = current_dict.setdefault('value', value) pass The output of the adding looks like that: trie = Trie() trie.add("hello",1) trie.add("world",2) trie.add("worlds",12) print trie.root {'h': {'e': {'l': {'l': {'o': {'value': 1}}}}}, 'w': {'o': {'r': {'l': {'d': {'s': {'value': 2}, 'value': 2}}}}}} I know, that I need a __iter__ and next method. def __iter__(self): self.root.__iter__() pass def next(self): print self.root.next() But AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute 'next'. How should I do it? [Update] In the perfect world I would like the output to be one dict with all the words/entries with their corresponding values.

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  • Web Services: more frequent "small" calls, or less frequent "big" calls

    - by Klay
    In general, is it better to have a web application make lots of calls to a web service getting smaller chunks of data back, or to have the web app make fewer calls and get larger chunks of data? In particular, I'm building a Silverlight app that needs to get large amounts of data back from the server in response to a query created by a user. Each query could return anywhere from a few hundred records to a few thousand. Each record has around thirty fields of mostly decimal-type data. I've run into the situation before where the payload size of the response exceeded the maximum allowed by the service. I'm wondering whether it's better (more efficient for the server/client/web service) to cut this payload vertically--getting all values for a single field with each call--or horizontally--getting batches of complete records with each call. Or does it matter?

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  • How to return a dynamic value from a Mocha mock in Ruby

    - by Vivek
    The gist of my problem is as follows:- I'm writing a Mocha mock in Ruby for the method represented as "post_to_embassy" below. It is not really our concern, for the purpose of describing the problem, what the actual method does. But I need the mock to return a dynamic value. The proc '&prc' below is executing rightly in place of the actual method. But the "with" method in Mocha only allows for boolean values to be returned. So the code below outputs nil. I need it to output the value being passed through orderInfoXml. Does anyone know of an alternate method I can use? require 'rubygems' require 'mocha' include Mocha::API class EmbassyInterface def post_to_embassy(xml) puts "This is from the original class:-" puts xml return xml end end orderInfoXml = "I am THE XML" mock = EmbassyInterface.new prc = Proc.new do |orderXml| puts "This is from the mocked proc:-" puts orderXml orderXml end mock.stubs(:post_to_embassy).with(&prc) mock_result = mock.post_to_embassy(orderInfoXml) p mock_result #p prc.call("asd") output:- This is from the mocked proc:- I am THE XML nil

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  • Ruby on Rails: strange voting increment behavior

    - by Justin Meltzer
    So I have an up and a downvote button that inserts a vote with a value of 1 or -1 into the database. This works correctly. Then, I display the total vote count for that element by summing up its votes' values. However, this isn't working correctly, because the vote sum display is acting really strange: The first vote on a video doesn't seem to increment it at all. Then the second vote does. If I go from an upvote to a downvote, it increments up once, and then the next downvote is down. This is difficult to explain, but maybe you can figure out what is wrong with my code. I have this function in my Video model (the element that is voted on, it has_many video_votes): def vote_sum read_attribute(:vote_sum) || video_votes.sum(:value) end I also have this in my VideoVote model: after_create :update_vote_sum private def update_vote_sum video.update_attributes(:vote_sum => video.vote_sum + value) end What am I doing wrong?

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  • Does python have one way of doing things?

    - by gath
    I have always seen in python articles/books that python is simple and it has only one way of doing things. I would like someone to explain to me this concept keeping in mind the example below, if i wanted to get the min and max values of sequence i would do the following; seq=[1,2,3,4,5,6] min(seq) #1 max(seq) #6 but i can also do this; seq[:1] #1 seq[-1] #6 surely this are two ways of doing one simple thing. This confuses me a bit. Gath

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  • Edit first column of GridView

    - by nCdy
    I've got very dynamic GridView and I need to allow to user to edit first column of it. After he edit first column of grid it must be updated on DataBase. Is there any ways to handle it ? My only idea is to put some changeable element to first cell of each Row so it must be able to set / get my values for each row but can't find yet any examples of it ... Additional info : GridView takes data from Object data source and all columns are dynamic (yes, maybe except first, but I add it in dynamic way) and load complete DataTable...

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  • Is there a way to put relationships/contraints into CSS?

    - by hekevintran
    In every design tool or art principle I've heard of, relationships are a central theme. By relationships I mean the thing you can do in Adobe Illustrator to specify that the height of one shape is equal to half the height of another. You cannot express this information in CSS. CSS hard-codes all values. Using a language like LESS that allows variables and arithmetic you can get closer to relationships but it's still a CSS variant. This inability in my mind is the biggest problem with CSS. CSS is supposed to be a language that describes the visual component of a Web page but it ignores relationships and contraints, ideas that are at the core of art. How possible is it to imagine a new Web design language that can express relationships and contraints that can be implemented in JavaScript using the current CSS properties?

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  • Microsft Jet oledb connection to excel loses formulae

    - by Saubhagya
    I have a dataset and I write it's values to an excel file using Microsoft Jet 4.0 Oledb provider. I want to put hyperlinks into the excel, for this I write "=HYPERLINK("http://www.abc.org/x.pdf")" in DS and then write it to excel. But when the excel is opened it prefixes a ' (quote/apostrophe) before the formula and there it comes as a text, not link. Can you help me removing that quote so that my excel file has hyperlinks instead of that as text? I need to use Microsoft Jet 4.0 provider (not excel component) as the client machine may or may not have MS-Excel installed on his machine.

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