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• Designing exceptions for conversion failures

  - by Mr.C64

  Suppose there are some methods to convert from "X" to "Y" and vice versa; the conversion may fail in some cases, and exceptions are used to signal conversion errors in those cases. Which would be the best option for defining exception classes in this context? A single XYConversionException class, with an attribute (e.g. an enum) specifying the direction of the conversion (e.g. ConversionFromXToY, ConversionFromYToX). A XYConversionException class, with two derived classes ConversionFromXToYException and ConversionFromYToXException. ConversionFromXToYException and ConversionFromYToXException classes without a common base class.

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• How to handle monetary values in PHP and MySql?

  - by Songo

  I've inherited a huge pile of legacy code written in PHP on top of a MySQL database. The thing I noticed is that the application uses doubles for storage and manipulation of data. Now I came across of numerous posts mentioning how double are not suited for monetary operations because of the rounding errors. However, I have yet to come across a complete solution to how monetary values should be handled in PHP code and stored in a MySQL database. Is there a best practice when it comes to handling money specifically in PHP? Things I'm looking for are: How should the data be stored in the database? column type? size? How should the data be handling in normal addition, subtraction. multiplication or division? When should I round the values? How much rounding is acceptable if any? Is there a difference between handling large monetary values and low ones? Note: A VERY simplified sample code of how I might encounter money values in everyday life: $a= $_POST['price_in_dollars']; //-->(ex: 25.06) will be read as a string should it be cast to double? $b= $_POST['discount_rate'];//-->(ex: 0.35) value will always be less than 1 $valueToBeStored= $a * $b; //--> any hint here is welcomed $valueFromDatabase= $row['price']; //--> price column in database could be double, decimal,...etc. $priceToPrint=$valueFromDatabase * 0.25; //again cast needed or not? I hope you use this sample code as a means to bring out more use cases and not to take it literally of course. Bonus Question If I'm to use an ORM such as Doctrine or PROPEL, how different will it be to use money in my code.

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• Hover alternatve for touch devices [migrated]

  - by Joshua Frank

  I'm building a standard infographic where you mouse over a region and the image changes as you move. For instance, imagine a map of the world, and when you mouse over a country, that country glows and a panel shows statistics about that country. The implementation is to have a separate image for the glowing country, and a div element with the statistics, and the code shows these additional elements on a hover over the country. The question is: what should this do on a tablet, where there's no hover event? What's a good alternative navigation metaphor for this kind of situation on touch-only devices?

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• I need an approach to the problem of preventing inserting duplicate records into the database

  - by Maurice

  Apologies is this question is asked on the incorrect "stack" A webservice that I call returns a list of data. The data from the webservice is updated periodically, so a call to the webservice done in one hour could return the same data as a call done in an hour. Also, the data is returned based on a start and end date. We have multiple users that can run the webservice search, and duplicate data is most likely to be returned (especially for historical data). However I don't want to insert this duplicate data in the database. I've created a db table in which the data is stored (most important columns are) Id int autoincrement PK Date date not null --The date to which the data set belongs. LastUpdate date not null --The date the data set was last updated. UserName varchar(50) --The name of the user doing the search. I use sql server 2008 express with c# 4.0 and visual studio 2010. Entity Framework is used as the ORM. If stored procedures could be avoided in the proposed solution, then that will be a plus. Another way of looking interpreting what I'm asking a solution for is as follows: I have a million unique records in my table. A user does a new search. The search results from the user contains around 300k of the data that is already in the db. An efficient solution to finding an inserting only the unique records is needed.

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• What should you include in a development approach document?

  - by Liggy

  I'm in the middle of co-producing a "development approach" document for off-shore resources as they ramp up onto our project. The most recent (similar) document our company has used is over 80 pages, and that does not include coding standards/conventions documents. My concern is that this document will not be consumable and will therefore fail. What should be in a development approach document? Are there any decent guidelines on this topic? EDIT: The development approach document should detail the practices and techniques that will be used by software developers while software is designed, built, and tested.

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• General List of Common Programming Errors

  - by javamonkey79

  As one journey's from apprentice to journeyman to master I've noticed that one accumulates a list of best practices for things they've been bitten by. Personally, I write most of my stuff in java & SQL so my list tends to be slated towards them. I've accumulated the following: When doing list removal, always reverse iterate Avoid adding items to a list you are currently iterating on Watch out for NullPointerExceptions Now, I know there are language specific "common errors" links out there like this one. And I'm also aware of the pragmatic programmer tips, Martin Fowler's "code smells". Does anyone know of any good lists out there of things like I've listed above (re: list removal, adding items, etc). My guess is that there are some good QA folks out there that can probably throw me a bone here. I'm not looking for things the compiler can catch - I'm looking for common things that cause bugs. In the event that there isn't a list out there already then I welcome posting your own findings here. Thanks in advance!

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• Implementation of a Rules Engine in Your Business Applicaitons

  - by enonu

  I'm for an experience driven answer from a few software engineers who have implemented a rules engine in their internal business applications. How has it affected your business in the following ways: Ability to launch and iterate over business driven logic Ability to have "business users" perform the actual modification of those rules rather than developers. Ability to comprehend the business rules in general. Quality of the software releases. More or less bugs from the end-user's POV? Speed of the applications. If you had to do it all over again, what would you do differently? Lastly, I'm looking for a qualification of your answer w/ respect to the architecture. Would you do the same thing if you were deploying to a 1-machine setup vs. your architecture vs. a multi-tier cloud-based distributed architecture using 1000s of machines? How would it be different? Thanks!

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• PHPForm Data Generate PDF & Send to Email?

  - by tom

  I'm a beginner in PHP I was wondering if this is easy to do or if i'd have to outsource this to a programmer - Basically when a user fills in the PHP Form and submits it I need this to generate as a PDF (with all the labels etc) which will then email/attach to MY email and NOT the user who submitted this form. I have looked at tcpdf, fpdi but i dont think any of those scripts allow me to do this specifically as from what i heard it generates a download link for the user, and that is not what i need. If anyone can help me it would be greatly appreciated. Regards Tom

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• How to get lookahead symbol when constructing LR(1) NFA for parser?

  - by greenoldman

  I am reading an explanation (awesome "Parsing Techniques" by D.Grune and C.J.H.Jacobs; p.292 in the 2nd edition) about how to construct an LR(1) parser, and I am at the stage of building the initial NFA. What I don't understand is how to get/compute a lookahead symbol. Here is the example from the book, the grammar: S -> E E -> E - T E -> T T -> ( E ) T -> n n is terminal. The "weird" transitions for me are is the sequence: 1) S -> . E eof 2) E -> . E - T eof 3) E -> . E - T - 4) E -> E . - T - 5) E -> E - . T - (Note: In the above table, the state numbers are in front and the lookahead symbol is at the end.) What puzzles me is that transition from (4) to (5) means reading - token, right? So how is it that - is still a lookahead symbol and even more important why is it that eof is no longer a lookahead symbol? After all in an input such as n - n eof there is only one - symbol. My naive thinking tells me (5) should be written as: 5) E -> E - . T - eof And another thing -- n is terminal. Why it is not used at all as a lookahead symbol? I mean -- we expect to see - or (, it is ok, but lack of n means we are sure it won't appear in input? Update: after more reading I am only more confused ;-) I.e. what is really a lookahead? Because I see such state as (p.292, 2nd column, 2nd row): E -> E . - T eof Lookahead says eof but the incoming input says -. Isn't it a contradiction? And it is not only in this book.

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• Is deserializing complex objects instead of creating them a good idea, in test setup?

  - by Chris Bye

  I'm writing tests for a component that takes very complex objects as input. These tests are mixes of tests against already existing components, and test-first tests for new features. Instead of re-creating my input objects (this would be a large chunk of code) or reading one from our data store, I had the thought to serialize a live instance of one of these objects, and just deserialize it into test setup. I can't decide if this is a reasonable idea that will save effort in long run, or whether it's the worst idea that I've ever had, causing those that will maintain this code will hunt me down as soon as they read it. Is deserialization of inputs a valid means of test setup in some cases? To give a sense of scale of what I'm dealing with, the size of serialization output for one of these input objects is 93KB. Obtained by, in C#: new BinaryFormatter().Serialize((Stream)fileStream, myObject);

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• What are safe keys to remap in vim?

  - by Weeble

  So far I've been trying to use Vim in as vanilla a configuration as possible, so as to save myself hassle when moving between machines. However, there are a few things I'd really like to bind keys, such as to shorten "_diwP which I use often to delete the word under the cursor and replace it with one from the clipboard. Are there any particular keys that are conventionally reserved for user-defined mappings? The point of this question is mostly that I would like to avoid hassle later on when I decide to install some plugin or take my configuration files to vim on another OS and find that my key mappings clash with something else.

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• Severity and relation to occurence - priority?

  - by user970696

  I have been browsing through some webpages related to testing and found one dealing with the metrics of testing. It says: The severity level of a defect indicates the potential business impact for the end user (business impact = effect on the end user x frequency of occurrence). I do not think think this is correct or what am I missing? Usually it is the priority which is the result of such a calculation (severe bug that occurs rarely is still severe but does not have to be fixed immediately). Also from this description, what is the difference between the effect on the end user and business impact?

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• Is wikipedia a valuable resource for studying data structures? (can we call it complete?)

  - by Amir Nasr

  Can I depend on wikipedia to learn data structures fully using the list of data structures http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_data_structures and the links they refer to? The same question for algorithms http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_algorithm_general_topics ?... What's after learning algorithms and data structures? Specializing in a certain field of algorithms such as computer graohics, memory management...etc? or what could be the plan for mastering programming after knowing the language syntax and the background about program design and programming logic? I asked about wikipedia because i would like to find a complete resource or are least a resource which would be enough for the field of data structures instead of searching for separate articles in different places in other words an alternative to books which may even be more complete.

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• Job and degree problem [closed]

  - by Sepala

  I am 22. Software Development - Final year. I am seeking for a 8 hour per day, saturday half day, sunday off job (Sunday is the degree day). I don't know whether I can move a job with responsibilities while doing my degree. Sometmes these people say the working hours might get extended in some days. Have you done a high responsible job, while in ur final year? If yes, how? Did u get very bet results? Please answer. PS. Why I am asking this is mainly I am a person who do lot of self studies. These days I am on VLCJ and Java face recognition technology.

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• What stack of technologies should I use for my online game?

  - by Vee Bee

  I built a TicTacToe game to learn the .Net MVC3 framework. The basic functionality works (display board, make a move, detect winning move etc.) What I'd like to do is make it a "real" application - well-architected and using the right technology at the right layer. For instance, I'm currently saving every move to the database via a service call, which feels klugey and may become a bottleneck if this was an MMO game. How do you determine a good architecture (or right set of technologies) to use in a situation like this? I'd like to learn not just what to do, but why certain decisions are better than others. I noticed a similar thread here but it just offered opinions without explaining WHY something would be better (e.g. why Node instead of MVC3, etc.)

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• How much overhead is there in persistent connections?

  - by nynex

  Ok so I'm musing over a little side project I want to start. Essentially its a multi-session web based FTP client. Multi-session in that you can log into several FTP servers at the same time and perform operations like moving a file from one FTP server to another. I'm doing this mainly to brush up on the new webdev technologies, particularly websockets. I'm using node.js + socket.io to keep a persistent bi-directional connection between the web browser and the web server. The web server will also have persistent connections to each FTP server the user has logged into. So if there are 100 concurrent users each logged into 5 ftp accounts, the web server will have 100 websocket connections + 500 ftp connections. Is servicing 600 connections a lot? I know it depends on the hardware resources of the server but is something like this doable on a budget? Are there more efficient means of doing something like this? I know its unlikely that this project will really get popular but I want it to scale well regardless. Thanks for any help, I've still got a lot to learn.

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• Why the static data members have to be defined outside the class separately in C++ (unlike Java)?

  - by iammilind

  class A { static int foo () {} // ok static int x; // <--- needed to be defined separately in .cpp file }; I don't see a need of having A::x defined separately in a .cpp file (or same file for templates). Why can't be A::x declared and defined at the same time? Has it been forbidden for historical reasons? My main question is, will it affect any functionality if static data members were declared/defined at the same time (same as Java) ?

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• Best practices for upgrading user data when updating versions of software

  - by Javy

  In my code I check the current version of the software on launch and compare it to the version stored in the user's data file(s). If the version is newer, then I call different methods to update the old data to the newer data version, if necessary. I usually have to make a new method to convert the data with each update that changes user data in some way, and cannot remove the old ones in case there was someone who missed an update. So the app must be able to go through each method call and update their data until they get their data current. With larger data sets, this could be a problem. In addition, I recently had a brief discussion with another StackOverflow user this and he indicated he always appended a date stamp to the filename to manage data versions, although his reasoning as to why this was better than storing the version data in the file itself was unclear. Since I've rarely seen management of user data versions in books I've read, I'm curious what are the best practices for naming user data files and procedures for updating older data to newer versions.

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• How would I pursue a track in front-end web development?

  - by Koviko

  I've recently been put on heavy JavaScript projects and have become fond of the front-end world in comparison to the back-end. I have always been good at proper markup and CSS, and coupled with AJAX, pretty animations, and dynamically generated content, it's become a much more interesting and flashy world for me. I would like to be able to continue to hone my craft in the same way that I was able to become proficient at back-end development with PHP: getting paid to do it. How would I market myself as a front-end web developer with a strong interest in dynamic JavaScript-driven websites? Due to my strong background in back-end development, how would I find the companies that wouldn't waste my front-end skill set on simple HTML/CSS development? And as a bonus, how would I apply this to being a contractor/freelance developer rather than a salaried employee? While I like the idea of being able to remain a part of my creations, I also dislike the maintenance phase of projects.

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• self referencing tables, good or bad?

  - by NimChimpsky

  Representing geographical locations within an application, the design of the underlying data model suggests two clear options (or maybe more?). One table with a self referencing parent_id column uk - london (london parent id = UK id) or two tables, with a one to many relationship using a foreign key. My preference is for one self-refercing table as it easily allows to extend into as many sub regions as required. IN general do people veer away from self referencing tables, or are they A-OK ?

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• How to divide work to a network of computers?

  - by Morpork

  Imagine a scenario as follows: Lets say you have a central computer which generates a lot of data. This data must go through some processing, which unfortunately takes longer than to generate. In order for the processing to catch up with real time, we plug in more slave computers. Further, we must take into account the possibility of slaves dropping out of the network mid-job as well as additional slaves being added. The central computer should ensure that all jobs are finished to its satisfaction, and that jobs dropped by a slave are retasked to another. The main question is: What approach should I use to achieve this? But perhaps the following would help me arrive at an answer: Is there a name or design pattern to what I am trying to do? What domain of knowledge do I need to achieve the goal of getting these computers to talk to each other? (eg. will a database, which I have some knowledge of, be enough or will this involve sockets, which I have yet to have knowledge of?) Are there any examples of such a system? The main question is a bit general so it would be good to have a starting point/reference point. Note I am assuming constraints of c++ and windows so solutions pointing in that direction would be appreciated.

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• Software architecture for two similar classes which require different input parameters for the same method

  - by I Like to Code

  I am writing code to simulate a supply chain. The supply chain can be simulated in either an intermediate stocking or a cross-docking configuration. So, I wrote two simulator objects IstockSimulator and XdockSimulator. Since the two objects share certain behaviors (e.g. making shipments, demand arriving), I wrote an abstract simulator object AbstractSimulator which is a parent class of the two simulator objects. The abstract simulator object has a method runSimulation() which takes an input parameter of class SimulationParameters. Up till now, the simulation parameters only contains fields that are common to both simulator objects, such as randomSeed, simulationStartPeriod and simulationEndPeriod. However, I now want to include fields that are specific to the type of simulation that is being run, i.e. an IstockSimulationParameters class for an intermediate stocking simulation, and a XdockSimulationParameters class for a cross-docking simulation. My current idea is take the method runSimulation() out of the AbstractSimulator class, but to put a runSimulation(IstockSimulationParameters) method in the IstockSimulator class, and a runSimulation(XdockSimulationParameters) method in the IstockSimulator class. I am worried however, that this approach will lead to code duplication. What should I do?

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• Where should I store and verify files manipulated by an app

  - by Alan W. Smith

  I'm working on a little Ruby script to move screenshots while renaming them based on a specific convention. I'll be writing tests to confirm the behavior. Ruby has lots of conventions for where to store files (e.g. the "spec" and "features" directories for RSpec and Cucumber, respectively), but I'm not finding best practices for storing files that will be acted upon by the tests. The same goes for a destination for the final copies of the files. So, the question in two parts is: Where should I store files that the test cases will use for a source input. Where should tests that need to write output files send them to.

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• Which is the next dominant programming paradigm? [closed]

  - by Kugathasan Abimaran

  What is the next programming paradigm when OOP get lost in the market? Or else will OOP be for ever? What is your advise for the future developers? To which paradigm should we aware of? Because, before OOP, structured programming paradigm is there with C. Don't close it Please, because I need to aware, which paradigm have the ability to withstand in future? Aspect-oriented programming. Declarative programming. Functional programming. Object-oriented programming. Any Others? This describes programming paradigm according to their kernel language.

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• Open .doc file from my website in browser

  - by seth

  What's the best way to give the end-user of my web application the ability to open, edit and save (via browser) word documents that are stored in my database? I have this working by doing an html conversion of the file (via Aspose Words) but this method seems not even close to flawless and i'm trying to improve this. Is integrating with google docs possible/good? Their edition seems awesome and very powerful. I can't use any Microsoft Word objects (and this is even discouraged by MS). EDIT: The application is developed in .NET and currently uses the .NET framework 2.0. However, as this is fairly obsolete the idea is to restart from scratch and therefore use the 4.0 framework and C# or VB.

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