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  • PHP - Calling function inside another class -> function

    - by Kolind
    I'm trying to do this: class database { function editProvider($post) { $sql = "UPDATE tbl SET "; foreach($post as $key => $val): if($key != "providerId") { $val = formValidate($val); $sqlE[] = "`$key`='$val'"; } endforeach; $sqlE = implode(",", $sqlE); $where = ' WHERE `id` = \''.$post['id'].'\''; $sql = $sql . $sqlE . $where; $query = mysql_query($sql); if($query){ return true; } } // }//end class And then use this function * INSIDE of another class *: function formValidate($string){ $string = trim($string); $string = mysql_real_escape_string($string); return $string; } // .. on $val. Why doesn't this work? if I write in a field of the form, it's not escaping anything at all. How can that be? * UPDATE * handler.php: if(isset($_GET['do'])){ if($_GET['do'] == "addLogin") { $addLogin = $db->addLogin($_POST); } if($_GET['do'] == "addProvider") { $addProvider = $db->addProvider($_POST); } if($_GET['do'] == "editProfile") { $editProfile = $db->editProfile($_POST); } if($_GET['do'] == "editProvider") { $editProvider = $db->editProvider($_POST); } } //end if isset get do ** The editProvider function works fine except for this :-) **

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  • Scope of Groovy's ExpandoMetaClass?

    - by TicketMonster
    Groovy exposes an ExpandoMetaClass that allows you to dynamically add instance and class methods/properties to a POJO. I would like to use it to add an instance method to one of my Java classes: public class Fizz { // ...etc. } Fizz fizz = new Fizz(); fizz.metaClass.doStuff = { String blah -> fizz.buzz(blah) } This would be the equivalent to refactoring the Fizz class to have: public class Fizz { // ctors, getters/setters, etc... public void doStuff(String blah) { buzz(blah); } } My question: Does this add doStuff(String blah) to only this particular instance of Fizz? Or do all instances of Fizz now have a doStuff(String blah) instance method? If the former, how do I get all instances of Fizz to have the doStuff instance method? I know that if I made the Groovy: fizz.metaClass.doStuff << { String blah -> fizz.buzz(blah) } Then that would add a static class method to Fizz, such as Fizz.doStuff(String blah), but that's not what I want. I just want all instances of Fizz to now have an instance method called doStuff. Ideas?

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  • Storing same type but still getting an ArrayStoreException

    - by Firefoxx Pwnass
    I have strange problem. I have three classes. Book ( abstract ), and two subclasses ( Fiction, Nonfiction). I have created array of Book references. That array can hold both subclasse's objects. I'have following code for Fiction class. public class Fiction extends Book{ public Fiction(String title) { super(title); setPrice(); } public void setPrice() { super.price = 24.99; } } And the "same" code for Nonfiction class public class Nonfiction extends Book{ public Nonfiction(String title) { super(title); setPrice(); } public void setPrice() { super.price = 37.99; } } And this is Main program. import javax.swing.JOptionPane; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { Book[] book = new Fiction[6]; for(int i = 0; i<book.length; i++) { if(i<4) { String title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter fiction book, no "+i); book[i] = new Fiction(title); } else { String title = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter non fiction book, no "+i); book[i] = new Nonfiction(title); } } for(int x = 0; x<book.length; x++) { System.out.println("Book named "+book[x].getTitle()+" costs "+book[x].getPrice()); } } } For any reason i'm getting ArrayStoreException on this line.. book[i] = new Nonfiction(title); But same code works for Fiction class. I checked java documentation and it says that this exception is thrown when i'm trying to store different objects in array ( like String and Int ), but in this case they are all the same objects. Both classes are children of superclass, that means, they are of the same type. I'm confsued. A little help here please?

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  • Java Swing: How to add a CellRenderer for displaying a Date?

    - by HansDampf
    I have a Table: public class AppointmentTableModel extends AbstractTableModel { private int columns; private int rows; ArrayList<Appointment> appointments;... So each row of the table contains one Appointment. public class Appointment { private Date date; private Sample sample; private String comment; private ArrayList<Action> history; public Appointment(Date date, Sample sample, String comment) { this.date = date; this.sample = sample; this.comment = comment; this.history = new ArrayList<Action>(); } public Object getByColumn(int columnIndex) { switch (columnIndex) { case 0: return date;//Date: dd:mm:yyyy case 1: return date;//Time mm:hh case 2: return sample;//sample.getID() int (sampleID) case 3: return sample;//sample.getNumber string (telephone number) case 4: return sample;//sample.getName string (name of the person) case 5: return history;//newst element in history as a string case 6: return comment;//comment as string } return null; I added in comments what this one is going to mean. How would I create CellRenderers to display it like this. table.getColumnModel().getColumn(1).setCellRenderer(new DateRenderer()); I also want to add the whole row to be painted in red when the date is later then the current date. And then another column that holds a JButton to open up another screen with the corresponding Appointment as parameter.

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  • Using NHibernate's HQL to make a query with multiple inner joins

    - by Abu Dhabi
    The problem here consists of translating a statement written in LINQ to SQL syntax into the equivalent for NHibernate. The LINQ to SQL code looks like so: var whatevervar = from threads in context.THREADs join threadposts in context.THREADPOSTs on threads.thread_id equals threadposts.thread_id join posts1 in context.POSTs on threadposts.post_id equals posts1.post_id join users in context.USERs on posts1.user_id equals users.user_id orderby posts1.post_time where threads.thread_id == int.Parse(id) select new { threads.thread_topic, posts1.post_time, users.user_display_name, users.user_signature, users.user_avatar, posts1.post_body, posts1.post_topic }; It's essentially trying to grab a list of posts within a given forum thread. The best I've been able to come up with (with the help of the helpful users of this site) for NHibernate is: var whatevervar = session.CreateQuery("select t.Thread_topic, p.Post_time, " + "u.User_display_name, u.User_signature, " + "u.User_avatar, p.Post_body, p.Post_topic " + "from THREADPOST tp " + "inner join tp.Thread_ as t " + "inner join tp.Post_ as p " + "inner join p.User_ as u " + "where tp.Thread_ = :what") .SetParameter<THREAD>("what", threadid) .SetResultTransformer(Transformers.AliasToBean(typeof(MyDTO))) .List<MyDTO>(); But that doesn't parse well, complaining that the aliases for the joined tables are null references. MyDTO is a custom type for the output: public class MyDTO { public string thread_topic { get; set; } public DateTime post_time { get; set; } public string user_display_name { get; set; } public string user_signature { get; set; } public string user_avatar { get; set; } public string post_topic { get; set; } public string post_body { get; set; } } I'm out of ideas, and while doing this by direct SQL query is possible, I'd like to do it properly, without defeating the purpose of using an ORM. Thanks in advance! EDIT: The database looks like this: http://i41.tinypic.com/5agciu.jpg (Can't post images yet.)

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  • Generic Singleton Fasade design pattern

    - by Paul
    Hi I try write singleton fasede pattern with generics. I have one problem, how can I call method from generic variable. Something like this: T1 t1 = new T1(); //call method from t1 t1.Method(); In method SingletonFasadeMethod I have compile error: Error 1 'T1' does not contain a definition for 'Method' and no extension method 'Method' accepting a first argument of type 'T1' could be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?) Any advace? Thank, I am beginner in C#. All code is here: namespace GenericSingletonFasade { public interface IMyInterface { string Method(); } internal class ClassA : IMyInterface { public string Method() { return " Calling MethodA "; } } internal class ClassB : IMyInterface { public string Method() { return " Calling MethodB "; } } internal class ClassC : IMyInterface { public string Method() { return "Calling MethodC"; } } internal class ClassD : IMyInterface { public string Method() { return "Calling MethodD"; } } public class SingletonFasade<T1,T2,T3> where T1 : class,new() where T2 : class,new() where T3 : class,new() { private static T1 t1; private static T2 t2; private static T3 t3; private SingletonFasade() { t1 = new T1(); t2 = new T2(); t3 = new T3(); } class SingletonCreator { static SingletonCreator() { } internal static readonly SingletonFasade<T1,T2,T3> uniqueInstace = new SingletonFasade<T1,T2,T3>(); } public static SingletonFasade<T1,T2,T3> UniqueInstace { get { return SingletonCreator.uniqueInstace; } } public string SingletonFasadeMethod() { //Problem is here return t1.Method() + t2.Method() + t3.Method(); } } }

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  • Identifying memory leaks in C++

    - by Dororo
    I've got the following bit of code, which I've narrowed down to be causing a memory leak (that is, in Task Manager, the Private Working Set of memory increases with the same repeated input string). I understand the concepts of heaps and stacks for memory, as well as the general rules for avoiding memory leaks, but something somewhere is still going wrong: while(!quit){ char* thebuffer = new char[210]; //checked the function, it isn't creating the leak int size = FuncToObtainInputTextFromApp(thebuffer); //stored in thebuffer string bufferstring = thebuffer; int startlog = bufferstring.find("$"); int endlog = bufferstring.find("&"); string str_text=""; str_text = bufferstring.substr(startlog,endlog-startlog+1); String^ str_text_m = gcnew String(str_text_m.c_str()); //some work done delete str_text_m; delete [] thebuffer; } The only thing I can think of is it might be the creation of 'string str_text' since it never goes out of scope since it just reloops in the while? If so, how would I resolve that? Defining it outside the while loop wouldn't solve it since it'd also remain in scope then too. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Null reference but it's not?

    - by Clint Davis
    This is related to my previous question but it is a different problem. I have two classes: Server and Database. Public Class Server Private _name As String Public Property Name() As String Get Return _name End Get Set(ByVal value As String) _name = value End Set End Property Private _databases As List(Of Database) Public Property Databases() As List(Of Database) Get Return _databases End Get Set(ByVal value As List(Of Database)) _databases = value End Set End Property Public Sub LoadTables() Dim db As New Database(Me) db.Name = "test" Databases.Add(db) End Sub End Class Public Class Database Private _server As Server Private _name As String Public Property Name() As String Get Return _name End Get Set(ByVal value As String) _name = value End Set End Property Public Property Server() As Server Get Return _server End Get Set(ByVal value As Server) _server = value End Set End Property Public Sub New(ByVal ser As Server) Server = ser End Sub End Class Fairly simple. I use like this: Dim s As New Server s.Name = "Test" s.LoadTables() The problem is in the LoadTables in the Server class. When it hits Databases.Add(db) it gives me a NullReference error (Object reference not set). I don't understand how it is getting that, all the objects are set. Any ideas? Thanks.

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  • Value is zero after filter SQL in C#

    - by Chuki2
    I`m new in C#.. I have write function to filter department. And this function will return idDepartment. New problem is, department keep value "System.Windows.Forms.Label, Text : ADMIN ", that`s why i got zero. So how can i take "ADMIN" only and keep to department? Update : public partial class frmEditStaff : Form { private string connString; private string userId, department; //Department parameter coming from here private string conString = "Datasource"; public frmEditStaff(string strUserID, string strPosition) { InitializeComponent(); //Pass value from frmListStaff to userID text box tbStaffId.Text = strUserID.ToString(); userId = strUserID.ToString(); department = strPosition.ToString(); } This code below is working, don`t have any problem. public int lookUpDepart() { int idDepart=0; using (SqlConnection openCon = new SqlConnection(conString)) { string lookUpDepartmenId = "SELECT idDepartment FROM tbl_department WHERE department = '" + department + "';"; openCon.Open(); using (SqlCommand querylookUpDepartmenId = new SqlCommand(lookUpDepartmenId, openCon)) { SqlDataReader read = querylookUpDepartmenId.ExecuteReader(); while (read.Read()) { idDepart = int.Parse(read[0].ToString()); break; } } openCon.Close(); return idDepart; } } Thanks for help. Happy nice day!

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  • For each loop not reading in the last item

    - by Gandalf StormCrow
    I'm trying to read in a multi line string then split it then print it .. here is the string : 1T1b5T!1T2b1T1b2T!1T1b1T2b2T!1T3b1T1b1T!3T3b1T!1T3b1T1b1T!5T1*1T 11X21b1X 4X1b1X When I split the string with ! I get this without the last line string : 1T1b5T 1T1b5T1T2b1T1b2T 1T2b1T1b2T1T1b1T2b2T 1T1b1T2b2T1T3b1T1b1T 1T3b1T1b1T3T3b1T 3T3b1T1T3b1T1b1T 1T3b1T1b1T5T1*1T 5T1*1T11X21b1X 11X21b1X Here is my code : import java.io.BufferedInputStream; import java.util.Scanner; public class Main { public static void main(String args[]) { Scanner stdin = new Scanner(new BufferedInputStream(System.in)); while (stdin.hasNext()) { for (String line : stdin.next().split("!")) { System.out.println(line); for (int i = 0; i < line.length(); i++) { System.out.print(line.charAt(i)); } } } } } Where did I make the mistake, why is not reading in the last line? After I read in all lines properly I should go trough each line if I encounter number I should print the next char the n times the number I just read, but that is long way ahead first I need help with this. Thank you

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  • Defining implicit and explicit casts for C# interfaces

    - by ehdv
    Is there a way to write interface-based code (i.e. using interfaces rather than classes as the types accepted and passed around) in C# without giving up the use of things like implicit casts? Here's some sample code - there's been a lot removed, but these are the relevant portions. public class Game { public class VariantInfo { public string Language { get; set; } public string Variant { get; set; } } } And in ScrDictionary.cs, we have... public class ScrDictionary: IScrDictionary { public string Language { get; set; } public string Variant { get; set; } public static implicit operator Game.VariantInfo(ScrDictionary s) { return new Game.VariantInfo{Language=sd.Language, Variant=sd.Variant}; } } And the interface... public interface IScrDictionary { string Language { get; set; } string Variant { get; set; } } I want to be able to use IScrDictionary instead of ScrDictionary, but still be able to implicitly convert a ScrDictionary to a Game.VariantInfo. Also, while there may be an easy way to make this work by giving IScrDictionary a property of type Game.VariantInfo my question is more generally: Is there a way to define casts or operator overloading on interfaces? (If not, what is the proper C# way to maintain this functionality without giving up interface-oriented design?)

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  • Bind data of interface properties only

    - by nivpenso
    I am new in all the Entity Framework models and the data bindings. I created an interface and generated a model class from my Candidate table in the db. public interface ICandidate { String ID { get; set; } string Name { get; set; } string Mail { get; set; } } i created a partial class to the generated Candidate model so i will be able to implement the ICandidate interface without changing any generated code. public partial class Candidates : ICandidate { string ICandidate.ID { get { return this.PK; } set { _PK = value; } } string ICandidate.Name { get{ return this._Name; } set { _Name = value; } } string ICandidate.Mail { get { return this._Email; } set { this._Email = value; } } } Of course, the generated class has more properties than the interface has (Like IsDeleted field that is not necessary for the interface). I want to display in a DataGridView all the candidates from the db. But I want that only the interface's properties will be shown as columns in the DataGridView. Is there a way bind only the interface's properties the the DataGridView? In my DB there is a table called Candidate_To_Company with these columns: PK, Candidate_FK, Company_FK, Insertion_Date I would like to bind this table to DataGridView. but instead of displaying Candidate_FK i would like to display the candidate name from ICandidate. Is this possible?

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  • sprintf bug with php & apache in windows?

    - by potatoe
    I've run into a strange problem on a WAMP server setup (PHP version 5.3.0, Apache 2.2.11). When using sprintf to output a number, I occasionally get erroneous characters in the output string. Example: (not trimmed from anything, this is the only code in the script) $dt1 = new DateTime('now'); $dt2 = new DateTime('now - 10 min'); $interval = $dt1->diff($dt2); $number = 10.0; $string = sprintf("%.1f", $number); echo "number: $number, string: $string\n"; If I run this at the command prompt with PHP CLI, I get the expected output: number: 10, string: 10.0 However, if I serve it using Apache, in the browser I get number: 10, string: :.0 with a colon where '10' should be. (Note that ':' is the next ascii character in sequence after '9', if $number is 0-9, everything works. Numbers greater than 10 appear to use ascii equivalents - so 11 is ';', 12 is '<', etc.) The strangest part is that the first four lines in the above code sample seem to affect the results. Logically, those statements should have no impact, but if I comment them out or remove them the problem goes away. Any ideas? Anyone else able to replicate this?

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  • How to implement a Linked List in Java?

    - by nbarraille
    Hello! I am trying to implement a simple HashTable in Java that uses a Linked List for collision resolution, which is pretty easy to do in C, but I don't know how to do it in Java, as you can't use pointers... First, I know that those structures are already implemented in Java, I'm not planning on using it, just training here... So I created an element, which is a string and a pointer to the next Element: public class Element{ private String s; private Element next; public Element(String s){ this.s = s; this.next = null; } public void setNext(Element e){ this.next = e; } public String getString(){ return this.s; } public Element getNext(){ return this.next; } @Override public String toString() { return "[" + s + "] => "; } } Of course, my HashTable has an array of Element to stock the data: public class CustomHashTable { private Element[] data; Here is my problem: For example I want to implement a method that adds an element AT THE END of the linked List (I know it would have been simpler and more efficient to insert the element at the beginning of the list, but again, this is only for training purposes). How do I do that without pointer? Here is my code (which could work if e was a pointer...): public void add(String s){ int index = hash(s) % data.length; System.out.println("Adding at index: " + index); Element e = this.data[index]; while(e != null){ e = e.getNext(); } e = new Element(s); } Thanks!

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  • php:: apply backticks to first word in sentence

    - by Hailwood
    Hi guys, basically what I am trying to do is, I have an array that looks something like this: array( array( 'select' =>'first string', 'escape' => true ), array( 'select' =>'second', 'escape' => true ), array( 'select' =>'the third string', 'escape' => true ), array( 'select' =>'fourth string', 'escape' => false ), ) I am looping over it and I want to end up with this output array( array( 'select' =>'`first` string', 'escape' => true ), array( 'select' =>'`second`', 'escape' => true ), array( 'select' =>'`the` third string', 'escape' => true ), array( 'select' =>'fourth string', 'escape' => false ), ) so basic rules are backticks are only applied if escape is true backticks are only applied to the first word in a sentence if there is only one word backticks are applied to the word My plan was to use if($item['escape']) { $pos = (strpos($item['select'], ' ') === false ? strlen($item['select']) : strpos($item['select'], ' ')); $item['select'] = '`' . substr($item['select'], 0, $pos) . '`' . substr($item['select'], $pos, strlen($item['select'])); } but the $item['select'] = line seems rather long winded, is there a better way to write it?

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  • question about Ackermann function

    - by davit-datuashvili
    i am doing to write recursive program which calculates Ackemann function http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ackermann_function here is code public class Ackermann{ public static long ackermann( long m,long n){ return (m==0)? n+1: (m>0 && n==0)? ackermann(m-1,1): (m>0 && n>0)? ackermann(m-1, ackermann(m,n-1)); } public static void main(String[]args){ long m=4; long n=2; System.out.println(ackermann(m,n)); } } but it shows me mistakes Ackermann.java:7: : expected (m>0 && n>0)? ackermann(m-1, ackermann(m,n-1)); ^ Ackermann.java:7: ';' expected (m>0 && n>0)? ackermann(m-1, ackermann(m,n-1)); ^ Ackermann.java:18: illegal start of expression public static void main(String[]args){ ^ Ackermann.java:18: ';' expected public static void main(String[]args){ ^ Ackermann.java:18: illegal start of expression public static void main(String[]args){ ^ Ackermann.java:18: ';' expected public static void main(String[]args){ ^ Ackermann.java:18: ';' expected public static void main(String[]args){ ^ Ackermann.java:26: reached end of file while parsing } ^ 8 errors please help

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  • Generic Event Generator and Handler from User Supplied Types?

    - by JaredBroad
    I'm trying to allow the user to supply custom data and manage the data with custom types. The user's algorithm will get time synchronized events pushed into the event handlers they define. I'm not sure if this is possible but here's the "proof of concept" code I'd like to build. It doesn't detect T in the for loop: "The type or namespace name 'T' could not be found" class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { Algorithm algo = new Algorithm(); Dictionary<Type, string[]> userDataSources = new Dictionary<Type, string[]>(); // "User" adding custom type and data source for algorithm to consume userDataSources.Add(typeof(Weather), new string[] { "temperature data1", "temperature data2" }); for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) { foreach (Type T in userDataSources.Keys) { string line = userDataSources[typeof(T)][i]; //Iterate over CSV data.. var userObj = new T(line); algo.OnData < typeof(T) > (userObj); } } } //User's algorithm pattern. interface IAlgorithm<TData> where TData : class { void OnData<TData>(TData data); } //User's algorithm. class Algorithm : IAlgorithm<Weather> { //Handle Custom User Data public void OnData<Weather>(Weather data) { Console.WriteLine(data.date.ToString()); Console.ReadKey(); } } //Example "user" custom type. public class Weather { public DateTime date = new DateTime(); public double temperature = 0; public Weather(string line) { Console.WriteLine("Initializing weather object with: " + line); date = DateTime.Now; temperature = -1; } } }

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  • List of Lists of different types

    - by themarshal
    One of the data structures in my current project requires that I store lists of various types (String, int, float, etc.). I need to be able to dynamically store any number of lists without knowing what types they'll be. I tried storing each list as an object, but I ran into problems trying to cast back into the appropriate type (it kept recognizing everything as a List<String>). For example: List<object> myLists = new List<object>(); public static void Main(string args[]) { // Create some lists... // Populate the lists... // Add the lists to myLists... for (int i = 0; i < myLists.Count; i++) { Console.WriteLine("{0} elements in list {1}", GetNumElements(i), i); } } public int GetNumElements(int index) { object o = myLists[index]; if (o is List<int>) return (o as List<int>).Count; if (o is List<String>) // <-- Always true!? return (o as List<String>).Count; // <-- Returning 0 for non-String Lists return -1; } Am I doing something incorrectly? Is there a better way to store a list of lists of various types, or is there a better way to determine if something is a list of a certain type?

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  • Avoiding instanceof in Java

    - by Mark Lutton
    Having a chain of "instanceof" operations is considered a "code smell". The standard answer is "use polymorphism". How would I do it in this case? There are a number of subclasses of a base class; none of them are under my control. An analogous situation would be with the Java classes Integer, Double, BigDecimal etc. if (obj instanceof Integer) {NumberStuff.handle((Integer)obj);} else if (obj instanceof BigDecimal) {BigDecimalStuff.handle((BigDecimal)obj);} else if (obj instanceof Double) {DoubleStuff.handle((Double)obj);} I do have control over NumberStuff and so on. I don't want to use many lines of code where a few lines would do. (Sometimes I make a HashMap mapping Integer.class to an instance of IntegerStuff, BigDecimal.class to an instance of BigDecimalStuff etc. But today I want something simpler.) I'd like something as simple as this: public static handle(Integer num) { ... } public static handle(BigDecimal num) { ... } But Java just doesn't work that way. I'd like to use static methods when formatting. The things I'm formatting are composite, where a Thing1 can contain an array Thing2s and a Thing2 can contain an array of Thing1s. I had a problem when I implemented my formatters like this: class Thing1Formatter { private static Thing2Formatter thing2Formatter = new Thing2Formatter(); public format(Thing thing) { thing2Formatter.format(thing.innerThing2); } } class Thing2Formatter { private static Thing1Formatter thing1Formatter = new Thing1Formatter(); public format(Thing2 thing) { thing1Formatter.format(thing.innerThing1); } } Yes, I know the HashMap and a bit more code can fix that too. But the "instanceof" seems so readable and maintainable by comparison. Is there anything simple but not smelly?

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  • Proper way to reassign pointers in c++

    - by user272689
    I want to make sure i have these basic ideas correct before moving on (I am coming from a Java/Python background). I have been searching the net, but haven't found a concrete answer to this question yet. When you reassign a pointer to a new object, do you have to call delete on the old object first to avoid a memory leak? My intuition is telling me yes, but i want a concrete answer before moving on. For example, let say you had a class that stored a pointer to a string class MyClass { private: std::string *str; public: MyClass (const std::string &_str) { str=new std::string(_str); } void ChangeString(const std::string &_str) { // I am wondering if this is correct? delete str; str = new std::string(_str) /* * or could you simply do it like: * str = _str; */ } .... In the ChangeString method, which would be correct? I think i am getting hung up on if you dont use the new keyword for the second way, it will still compile and run like you expected. Does this just overwrite the data that this pointer points to? Or does it do something else? Any advice would be greatly appricated :D

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  • C#:Getting all image files in folder

    - by Meko
    Hi all. I am trying to get all images from folder but ,this folder also include sub folders. like /photos/person1/ and /photos/person2/ .I can get photos in folder like path= System.IO.Directory.GetCurrentDirectory() + "/photo/" + groupNO + "/"; public List<String> GetImagesPath(String folderName) { DirectoryInfo Folder; FileInfo[] Images; Folder = new DirectoryInfo(folderName); Images = Folder.GetFiles(); List<String> imagesList = new List<String>(); for (int i = 0; i < Images.Length; i++) { imagesList.Add(String.Format(@"{0}/{1}", folderName, Images[i].Name)); // Console.WriteLine(String.Format(@"{0}/{1}", folderName, Images[i].Name)); } return imagesList; } But how can I get all photos in all sub folders? I mean I want to get all photos in /photo/ directory at once.

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  • Why does this while terminate before receiving a value? (java)

    - by David
    Here's the relevant code snippet. public static Territory[] assignTerri (Territory[] board, String[] colors) { for (int i = 0; i<board.length; i++) { // so a problem is that Territory.translate is void fix this. System.out.print ("What team controls ") ; Territory.translate (i) ; System.out.println (" ?") ; boolean a = false ; while (a = false) { String s = getIns () ; if ((checkColor (s, colors))) { board[i].team = (returnIndex (s, colors)) ; a =true ; } else System.out.println ("error try again") ; } System.out.print ("How many unites are on ") ; Territory.translate (i) ; System.out.println (" ?") ; int n = getInt () ; board[i].population = n ; } return board ; } As an additional piece of information, checkColor just checks to make sure that its first argument, a string, is a string in one of the indexes of its second argument, an array. It seems to me that when the while the method gets a string from the keyboard and then only if that string checks out is a true and the while allowed to terminate. The output I get though is this: What team controls Alaska ? How many unites are on Alaska ? (there is space at the end to type in an input) This would seem to suggest that the while terminates before an input is ever typed in since the first line of text is within the while while the second line of text comes after it outside of it. Why is this happening?

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  • Why does this while terminate before recieving a value? (java)

    - by David
    here's the relevant code snippet. public static Territory[] assignTerri (Territory[] board, String[] colors) { for (int i = 0; i<board.length; i++) { // so a problem is that Territory.translate is void fix this. System.out.print ("What team controls ") ; Territory.translate (i) ; System.out.println (" ?") ; boolean a = false ; while (a = false) { String s = getIns () ; if ((checkColor (s, colors))) { board[i].team = (returnIndex (s, colors)) ; a =true ; } else System.out.println ("error try again") ; } System.out.print ("How many unites are on ") ; Territory.translate (i) ; System.out.println (" ?") ; int n = getInt () ; board[i].population = n ; } return board ; } as an additional piece of information, checkColor just checks to make sure that its first argument, a string, is a string in one of the indexes of its second argument, an array. it seems to me that when the while the method gets a string from the keyboard and then only if that string checks out is a true and the while allowed to terminate. The output i get though is this: What team controls Alaska ? How many unites are on Alaska ? (there is space at the end to type in an input) This would seem to suggest that the while terminates before an input is ever typed in since the first line of text is within the while while the second line of text comes after it outside of it. why is this happening?

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  • From Binary to Data Structures

    - by Cédric Menzi
    Table of Contents Introduction PE file format and COFF header COFF file header BaseCoffReader Byte4ByteCoffReader UnsafeCoffReader ManagedCoffReader Conclusion History This article is also available on CodeProject Introduction Sometimes, you want to parse well-formed binary data and bring it into your objects to do some dirty stuff with it. In the Windows world most data structures are stored in special binary format. Either we call a WinApi function or we want to read from special files like images, spool files, executables or may be the previously announced Outlook Personal Folders File. Most specifications for these files can be found on the MSDN Libarary: Open Specification In my example, we are going to get the COFF (Common Object File Format) file header from a PE (Portable Executable). The exact specification can be found here: PECOFF PE file format and COFF header Before we start we need to know how this file is formatted. The following figure shows an overview of the Microsoft PE executable format. Source: Microsoft Our goal is to get the PE header. As we can see, the image starts with a MS-DOS 2.0 header with is not important for us. From the documentation we can read "...After the MS DOS stub, at the file offset specified at offset 0x3c, is a 4-byte...". With this information we know our reader has to jump to location 0x3c and read the offset to the signature. The signature is always 4 bytes that ensures that the image is a PE file. The signature is: PE\0\0. To prove this we first seek to the offset 0x3c, read if the file consist the signature. So we need to declare some constants, because we do not want magic numbers.   private const int PeSignatureOffsetLocation = 0x3c; private const int PeSignatureSize = 4; private const string PeSignatureContent = "PE";   Then a method for moving the reader to the correct location to read the offset of signature. With this method we always move the underlining Stream of the BinaryReader to the start location of the PE signature.   private void SeekToPeSignature(BinaryReader br) { // seek to the offset for the PE signagure br.BaseStream.Seek(PeSignatureOffsetLocation, SeekOrigin.Begin); // read the offset int offsetToPeSig = br.ReadInt32(); // seek to the start of the PE signature br.BaseStream.Seek(offsetToPeSig, SeekOrigin.Begin); }   Now, we can check if it is a valid PE image by reading of the next 4 byte contains the content PE.   private bool IsValidPeSignature(BinaryReader br) { // read 4 bytes to get the PE signature byte[] peSigBytes = br.ReadBytes(PeSignatureSize); // convert it to a string and trim \0 at the end of the content string peContent = Encoding.Default.GetString(peSigBytes).TrimEnd('\0'); // check if PE is in the content return peContent.Equals(PeSignatureContent); }   With this basic functionality we have a good base reader class to try the different methods of parsing the COFF file header. COFF file header The COFF header has the following structure: Offset Size Field 0 2 Machine 2 2 NumberOfSections 4 4 TimeDateStamp 8 4 PointerToSymbolTable 12 4 NumberOfSymbols 16 2 SizeOfOptionalHeader 18 2 Characteristics If we translate this table to code, we get something like this:   [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)] public struct CoffHeader { public MachineType Machine; public ushort NumberOfSections; public uint TimeDateStamp; public uint PointerToSymbolTable; public uint NumberOfSymbols; public ushort SizeOfOptionalHeader; public Characteristic Characteristics; } BaseCoffReader All readers do the same thing, so we go to the patterns library in our head and see that Strategy pattern or Template method pattern is sticked out in the bookshelf. I have decided to take the template method pattern in this case, because the Parse() should handle the IO for all implementations and the concrete parsing should done in its derived classes.   public CoffHeader Parse() { using (var br = new BinaryReader(File.Open(_fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read))) { SeekToPeSignature(br); if (!IsValidPeSignature(br)) { throw new BadImageFormatException(); } return ParseInternal(br); } } protected abstract CoffHeader ParseInternal(BinaryReader br);   First we open the BinaryReader, seek to the PE signature then we check if it contains a valid PE signature and rest is done by the derived implementations. Byte4ByteCoffReader The first solution is using the BinaryReader. It is the general way to get the data. We only need to know which order, which data-type and its size. If we read byte for byte we could comment out the first line in the CoffHeader structure, because we have control about the order of the member assignment.   protected override CoffHeader ParseInternal(BinaryReader br) { CoffHeader coff = new CoffHeader(); coff.Machine = (MachineType)br.ReadInt16(); coff.NumberOfSections = (ushort)br.ReadInt16(); coff.TimeDateStamp = br.ReadUInt32(); coff.PointerToSymbolTable = br.ReadUInt32(); coff.NumberOfSymbols = br.ReadUInt32(); coff.SizeOfOptionalHeader = (ushort)br.ReadInt16(); coff.Characteristics = (Characteristic)br.ReadInt16(); return coff; }   If the structure is as short as the COFF header here and the specification will never changed, there is probably no reason to change the strategy. But if a data-type will be changed, a new member will be added or ordering of member will be changed the maintenance costs of this method are very high. UnsafeCoffReader Another way to bring the data into this structure is using a "magically" unsafe trick. As above, we know the layout and order of the data structure. Now, we need the StructLayout attribute, because we have to ensure that the .NET Runtime allocates the structure in the same order as it is specified in the source code. We also need to enable "Allow unsafe code (/unsafe)" in the project's build properties. Then we need to add the following constructor to the CoffHeader structure.   [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)] public struct CoffHeader { public CoffHeader(byte[] data) { unsafe { fixed (byte* packet = &data[0]) { this = *(CoffHeader*)packet; } } } }   The "magic" trick is in the statement: this = *(CoffHeader*)packet;. What happens here? We have a fixed size of data somewhere in the memory and because a struct in C# is a value-type, the assignment operator = copies the whole data of the structure and not only the reference. To fill the structure with data, we need to pass the data as bytes into the CoffHeader structure. This can be achieved by reading the exact size of the structure from the PE file.   protected override CoffHeader ParseInternal(BinaryReader br) { return new CoffHeader(br.ReadBytes(Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(CoffHeader)))); }   This solution is the fastest way to parse the data and bring it into the structure, but it is unsafe and it could introduce some security and stability risks. ManagedCoffReader In this solution we are using the same approach of the structure assignment as above. But we need to replace the unsafe part in the constructor with the following managed part:   [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)] public struct CoffHeader { public CoffHeader(byte[] data) { IntPtr coffPtr = IntPtr.Zero; try { int size = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(CoffHeader)); coffPtr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(size); Marshal.Copy(data, 0, coffPtr, size); this = (CoffHeader)Marshal.PtrToStructure(coffPtr, typeof(CoffHeader)); } finally { Marshal.FreeHGlobal(coffPtr); } } }     Conclusion We saw that we can parse well-formed binary data to our data structures using different approaches. The first is probably the clearest way, because we know each member and its size and ordering and we have control about the reading the data for each member. But if add member or the structure is going change by some reason, we need to change the reader. The two other solutions use the approach of the structure assignment. In the unsafe implementation we need to compile the project with the /unsafe option. We increase the performance, but we get some security risks.

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  • Silverlight 4 Tools for VS 2010 and WCF RIA Services Released

    - by ScottGu
    The final release of the Silverlight 4 Tools for Visual Studio 2010 and WCF RIA Services is now available for download.  Download and Install If you already have Visual Studio 2010 installed (or the free Visual Web Developer 2010 Express), then you can install both the Silverlight 4 Tooling Support as well as WCF RIA Services support by downloading and running this setup package (note: please make sure to uninstall the preview release of the Silverlight 4 Tools for VS 2010 if you have previously installed that).  The Silverlight 4 Tools for VS 2010 package extends the Silverlight support built into Visual Studio 2010 and enables support for Silverlight 4 applications as well.  It also installs WCF RIA Services application templates and libraries: Today’s release includes the English edition of the Silverlight 4 Tooling – localized versions will be available next month for other Visual Studio languages as well. Silverlight Tooling Support Visual Studio 2010 includes rich tooling support for building Silverlight and WPF applications. It includes a WYSIWYG designer surface that enables you to easily use controls to construct UI – including the ability to take advantage of layout containers, and apply styles and resources: The VS 2010 designer enables you to leverage the rich data binding support within Silverlight and WPF, and easily wire-up bindings on controls.  The Data Sources window within Silverlight projects can be used to reference POCO objects (plain old CLR objects), WCF Services, WCF RIA Services client proxies or SharePoint Lists.  For example, let’s assume we add a “Person” class like below to our project: We could then add it to the Data Source window which will cause it to show up like below in the IDE: We can optionally customize the default UI control types that are associated for each property on the object.  For example, below we’ll default the BirthDate property to be represented by a “DatePicker” control: And then when we drag/drop the Person type from the Data Sources onto the design-surface it will automatically create UI controls that are bound to the properties of our Person class: VS 2010 allows you to optionally customize each UI binding further by selecting a control, and then right-click on any of its properties within the property-grid and pull up the “Apply Bindings” dialog: This will bring up a floating data-binding dialog that enables you to easily configure things like the binding path on the data source object, specify a format convertor, specify string-format settings, specify how validation errors should be handled, etc: In addition to providing WYSIWYG designer support for WPF and Silverlight applications, VS 2010 also provides rich XAML intellisense and code editing support – enabling a rich source editing environment. Silverlight 4 Tool Enhancements Today’s Silverlight 4 Tooling Release for VS 2010 includes a bunch of nice new features.  These include: Support for Silverlight Out of Browser Applications and Elevated Trust Applications You can open up a Silverlight application’s project properties window and click the “Enable Running Application Out of Browser” checkbox to enable you to install an offline, out of browser, version of your Silverlight 4 application.  You can then customize a number of “out of browser” settings of your application within Visual Studio: Notice above how you can now indicate that you want to run with elevated trust, with hardware graphics acceleration, as well as customize things like the Window style of the application (allowing you to build a nice polished window style for consumer applications). Support for Implicit Styles and “Go to Value Definition” Support: Silverlight 4 now allows you to define “implicit styles” for your applications.  This allows you to style controls by type (for example: have a default look for all buttons) and avoid you having to explicitly reference styles from each control.  In addition to honoring implicit styles on the designer-surface, VS 2010 also now allows you to right click on any control (or on one of it properties) and choose the “Go to Value Definition…” context menu to jump to the XAML where the style is defined, and from there you can easily navigate onward to any referenced resources.  This makes it much easier to figure out questions like “why is my button red?”: Style Intellisense VS 2010 enables you to easily modify styles you already have in XAML, and now you get intellisense for properties and their values within a style based on the TargetType of the specified control.  For example, below we have a style being set for controls of type “Button” (this is indicated by the “TargetType” property).  Notice how intellisense now automatically shows us properties for the Button control (even within the <Setter> element): Great Video - Watch the Silverlight Designer Features in Action You can see all of the above Silverlight 4 Tools for Visual Studio 2010 features (and some more cool ones I haven’t mentioned) demonstrated in action within this 20 minute Silverlight.TV video on Channel 9: WCF RIA Services Today we also shipped the V1 release of WCF RIA Services.  It is included and automatically installed as part of the Silverlight 4 Tools for Visual Studio 2010 setup. WCF RIA Services makes it much easier to build business applications with Silverlight.  It simplifies the traditional n-tier application pattern by bringing together the ASP.NET and Silverlight platforms using the power of WCF for communication.  WCF RIA Services provides a pattern to write application logic that runs on the mid-tier and controls access to data for queries, changes and custom operations. It also provides end-to-end support for common tasks such as data validation, authentication and authorization based on roles by integrating with Silverlight components on the client and ASP.NET on the mid-tier. Put simply – it makes it much easier to query data stored on a server from a client machine, optionally manipulate/modify the data on the client, and then save it back to the server.  It supports a validation architecture that helps ensure that your data is kept secure and business rules are applied consistently on both the client and middle-tiers. WCF RIA Services uses WCF for communication between the client and the server  It supports both an optimized .NET to .NET binary serialization format, as well as a set of open extensions to the ATOM format known as ODATA and an optional JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) format that can be used by any client. You can hear Nikhil and Dinesh talk a little about WCF RIA Services in this 13 minutes Channel 9 video. Putting it all Together – the Silverlight 4 Training Kit Check out the Silverlight 4 Training Kit to learn more about how to build business applications with Silverlight 4, Visual Studio 2010 and WCF RIA Services. The training kit includes 8 modules, 25 videos, and several hands-on labs that explain Silverlight 4 and WCF RIA Services concepts and walks you through building an end-to-end application with them.    The training kit is available for free and is a great way to get started. Summary I’m really excited about today’s release – as they really complete the Silverlight development story and deliver a great end to end runtime + tooling story for building applications.  All of the above features are available for use both in VS 2010 as well as the free Visual Web Developer 2010 Express Edition – making it really easy to get started building great solutions. Hope this helps, Scott P.S. In addition to blogging, I am also now using Twitter for quick updates and to share links. Follow me at: twitter.com/scottgu

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