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• How a router decides destination of packet?

  - by user58859

  I have basic networking question. Scenario : Two pc's are communicating on a wan. Both the pc's ate behind routers or modems. My question : Both the pc's have public IP of each other. That public IP is most of the time is either of the router or of the modem. There can be more then one pc's behind those routers and modems. Then how the pc's are communicating. I can understand the packets can reach upto those routers or modems. But what after that. In the packet , destination IP is public IP. Then how the router or modem decides where to send the packet? Can anybody explain me this please. Thanks in advance.

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• Reverse Engineer Formula

  - by aaronls

  Are there any free programs or web services for reverse engineering a formula given a set of inputs and outputs? Consider if had 3 columns of data. The first two numbers are inputs, and the last one is an output: 3,4,7 1,4,5 4,2,6 The outputs could be produced with simply a+b, but there could be many formulas that would give the same result of course. I am talking about data without any error or deviation, and I think the formula would only need basic operations(divide, multiply, add, sutbract) and possibly use one of floor/ceiling/round.

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• Deploying a Windows 7 image, which way is the fastest?

  - by MatF

  I captured an image of a basic Windows 7 installation with some modifications using imagex. Before the image was captured, I ran sysprep generalizing and selecting to enter OOBE after it's done. Which way would be the fastest to deploy that image again? Using imagex /apply. Or naming the image install.wim and put it in the source folder of a normal installation (on a bootable USB device), running a normal setup afterwards. Currently I have only tried the second approach. However I just found out about the imagex way and wondered if it would be faster. Or are the even more methods that would be better?

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• Why can't I create a Windows backup on my secondary disk?

  - by Brian Sullivan

  I've installed Windows 7 Ultimate on an SSD that I've added to the XPS desktop that I bought from Dell. I would like to use the built-in backup functionality to create incremental backups and store them on the large drive that came with the machine. I formatted the large drive and turned it into a Basic disk. However, when I try to set the backup location to the large internal disk (E:\) in the "Set up backup" wizard, a get a message saying, "A system image cannot be saved on a drive that your computer boots from or that Windows is installed on." Windows is not installed on that disk. I even deleted the OEM partition that was on the disk, and removed it completely from the boot order in the BIOS. Any clue why Windows is griping at me about this?

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• Best practice for ONLY allowing MySQL access to a server?

  - by Calvin Froedge

  Here's the use case: I have a SaaS system that was built (dev environment) on a single box. I've moved everything to a cloud environment running Ubuntu 10.10. One server runs the application, the other runs the database. The basic idea is that the server that runs the database should only be accessible by the application and the administrator's machine, who both have correct RSA keys. My question: Would it be better practice to use a firewall to block access to ALL ports except MySQL, or skip firewall / iptables and just disable all other services / ports completely? Furthermore, should I run MySQL on a non-standard port? This database will hold quite sensitive information and I want to make sure I'm doing everything possible to properly safeguard it. Thanks in advance. I've been reading here for a while but this is the first question that I've asked. I'll try to answer some as well = )

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• Error opening microsoft.com with Google Chrome

  - by Ilnur

  Hi! I need help with my browsers. In my OS (windows 7 basic) installed 2 browsers: IE 8 and Google Chrome. When I trying to open pages, which associated with microsoft.com (like ms live and others), my browser crashes. IE 8 crashes too. But Opera (I've installed it later) works fine with that pages. P.S. I tried to search the trojan software and viruses. But my PC is clean.

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• powershell Read-host does not stop for input

  - by llirik42

  I thought this would be fairly basic, but i'm stuck. I have 3 lines of powershell script in which I want to collect a mailbox name from user input, then create names based on that mailbox name. (later the script proceeds to create the groups in AD, etc) my problem is that when I run all 3 of these lines by pasting them into powershell window, I don't get a change to enter the response to read-host. Instead the script just scrolls through to the next line and uses it as the response for the Read-Host here's the powershell: $name = read-host "enter group name" $groupfull = ($name+'.Full'a) $groupsendas = ($name+'.SendAs') Here's the output: PS C:\Users\kg> $name = read-host "enter group name" enter group name: $groupfull = ($name+'.Full') PS C:\Users\kg> $groupsendas = ($name+'.SendAs') PS C:\Users\kg> Thanks in advance

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• Tool to convert a series of image into a single sprite sheet

  - by senbei

  Are there any known tools that can take a serie of pictures and generate a single sprite sheet from them? (ie. place all the images into a single image, one after the other). I have found some very basic software doing this, but I am looking for one that is able to detect duplicate frames as well as outputting some kind of data structure that allow me to programatically retrieve the coordinate of each frame on the generated image. I need this to convert existing animations with many duplicate frames and I am a bit surprised that there is no standard software to do this, as most infos you can find on the web about this is people doing this completely manually.. Any recommendations?

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• NFS compound failed for server foosrv: error 7 (RPC: Authentication error)

  - by automatthias

  I'm setting up an Ubuntu NFS server with a Solaris 10 client. The basic configuration looks okay to me, and it was also working for some time. I'm getting an "RPC: Authentication error" message on the client. server /etc/exports: /export/opencsw-future 192.168.3.0/24(rw,nohide,insecure,no_subtree_check,async) /export/opencsw-current 192.168.3.0/24(rw,nohide,insecure,no_subtree_check,async) $ ls -ld /export/opencsw-current drwxr-xr-x 7 maciej maciej 4096 2012-02-05 14:55 /export/opencsw-current client $ grep opencsw /etc/vfstab foosrv:/opencsw-current - /export/opencsw-current nfs - yes - $ sudo mount /export/opencsw-current NFS compound failed for server foosrv: error 7 (RPC: Authentication error) (...repeated...) nfs mount: mount: /export/opencsw-current: Permission denied My server host name resolves to both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.

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• On Windows 7, how can I tell if a recording is multi-channel without third party tools? [migrated]

  - by engineerchuan

  A customer has an audio that is confidential and can't send it to me. He also would not like to install other tools. He has a basic Windows 7 install. Is there any way to tell whether the recording is one channel or two channel? Normally, I would just get the audio and soxi it. Or, I would tell him to install Audacity or equivalent sound editor and open it up. I also thought that if you right clicked and looked at the size, bit rate, and length, you could get number of channels but bit rate already factors in number of channels. Sorry I'm not giving you a lot to work with.

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• Wake up my company computer from a home computer

  - by Darcy

  I would like to learn if it is possible for me to send a packet (a magical one) from another computer to my computer. I am interested in waking up my computer at work from the one I am using at home. That is I would like to power it on at 7:00am by sending it a wake-on packet from the home computer. I have no idea how to carry out this seemingly trivial task, I hope someone could offer some basic ideas for me start. Thank you so much in advance.

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• puppet agent doesn't retrieve files from master

  - by nicmon

  I have a very basic question regarding to Puppet 3.0.1 configuration. I setup a puppet master server (CentOS) with 2 agents (CentOS and Windows 7), all 3 can ping and access each other. There is no error at all. I have copied a file under /etc/puppet/files/test2.txt my site.pp (/etc/puppet/manifests) contains these lines: node default { include test file { "/tmp/testmaster.txt": owner => root, group => root, mode => 644, source => "puppet:///files/test2.txt" } } but there will no file be created on agent servers under /tmp/ once I run "puppet agent --test" here is the output: [root@agent1 ~]# puppet agent --test Info: Retrieving plugin Info: Caching catalog for agent1.mydomain.com Info: Applying configuration version '1354267916' Finished catalog run in 0.02 seconds "puppet apply /etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp" creates the testmaster.txt under /tmp/ on master.

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• Connecting office to data center via Metro-ethernet

  - by Eric

  I am installing a metro ethernet link from my office to my data center. The office will have a cisco 3750 with several vlans. The data center end will have a more complicated set up. The metro e from the office will connect to a 2960, which will have two other 2960s with a few vlans and a 2811 router connected to it for connectivity to our other environments and the internet. I am looking at implementing this by connecting the office 3750 and the data center 2960 with a dot1q trunk and doing all routing at the 2811. I will configure subinterfaces for gateways for each of the vlans on the 2811. I work for a small company and don't have much of a budget for an ideal architecture. I can post a simple diagram if needed for clarification. Is there anything I am missing here? I feel like I am forgetting something very basic and want to make sure I eliminate any boneheaded mistakes.

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• How *NAT* was Implemented in Home Based Routers ? [closed]

  - by Sumit Arora

  Different Types of Home-Based Routers Exist, and those routers provide NAT Feature as well e.g; and most of them are Port Restricted. Q-1 : What kind of Base Softwares Manufactures use to develop NAT Functionality ? Q-2 : Is that Technology Proprietary ? Or some Open-Source used to develop that e.g; Firehol ? Q-3 : I am looking for a software which works exactly like a NAT,and by doing very basic configuration it should work either Symmetric NAT, Port Restricted NAT or Address Restricted NAT ? So that I can test some of my Network Application which are dependent on NAT via this way on same PC ? e.g; I can test my developed ICE Algorithms

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• Inbound connections using Internet Connection Sharing in Apple/Mac/Leopard

  - by tlianza

  I have a Mac mini which I'm using to give some other devices wireless access, by sharing it's Airport connection with the local ethernet, and that is plugged into a switch. All devices can get online no problem. (See how: http://www.macosxhints.com/article.php?story=20041112101646643 and http://www.macosxhints.com/article.php?story=20071223001432304 ) The issue is that I need to be able to connect in to these machines as well (at least, for the Slingbox to work). All the devices have 192.168.2.* addresses, and the rest of my local network is on 192.168.1.*. I tried setting a static route so that the 192.168.2.* addresses would use a gateway of 192.168.1.50 (my mac mini's address) but that didn't seem to help. Does anyone know if what I'm trying to do is possible? I admit I'm not certain what Internet Connection sharing is really doing under the hood... perhaps it just does basic nat, and doesn't do the type of routing I'm looking for. If so, anyone know if this is possible?

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• How can I join two simple home networks together using an ethernet cable?

  - by Ilia Jerebtsov

  I want to join two different home networks together like so: PC A1 PC A2 PC B1 PC B2 \ / \ / Gateway A <----- ethr. cable -----> Gateway B | | ADSL modem A ADSL modem B Both networks are of the basic residential type with identical configuration, with all PCs running Vista/7. The point is to temporarily join two apartments in a building for gaming and file sharing, and the holy grail would be: PCs on network A can access PCs on network B and vice-versa (file shares and gaming). Each network uses its own internet connection. Data between networks shouldn't take a trip through the internet (broadband upload speeds are severely capped) A network's internet access should continue working if the joining cable is disconnected with minimal configuration changes. How closely can this be achieved?

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• YUM and RPM crash due to the liblua-5.1 library being missing

  - by A troubled linux newbie.

  I've been playing around with a LiveUsb install of basic Fedora with persistence. I attempted to install moonscript, which requires Lua and LuaRocks. After installing Lua and discovering there were flaws in the install which prevented LuaRocks from working, I used rpm to force Lua off so I could use yum to re-install it. The result was an error of this sort being yielded by both rpm and yum: There was a problem importing one of the Python modules required to run yum. The error leading to this problem was: liblua-5.1.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory I've concluded from this that my Lua version installed a library which both yum and rpm are now connected to. Is there anyway to fix this without reformatting my drive and installing everything from scratch?

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• How to configure what certificates can be issued using Web Enrollment in Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise?

  - by antik

  I have a CA installed on of my Windows Servers in a small farm of systems. I've installed the Certification Authority Web Enrollment and Certificate Enrollment Web Service roles on the CA. I want to issue a Computer certificate to a computer not jointed to my domain. The user attempting web enrollment has domain credentials. The user was able to navigate to https://myServerHostname/certsrv and request a User certificate successfully. However, the user needs a Computer cert as well. From the certsrv site, the user tried the following: Advanced Certificate Request Create and Submit a Request to this CA However, the Computer certificate template is not available under the Certificate Template heading. He is only seeing "User" and "Basic EFS". How do I configure the CA to allow him to request a Computer cert for his system?

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• What's the best way to block IP spoofing on a layer 3 switch?

  - by toupeira

  We're hosting Dedicated Servers and are currently using old 3com switches with IP-based ACLs. So each port has an ACL that allows all IP addresses assigned to this customer, and blocks everything else. But now 3com was bought by HP, and the follow-up model only supports basic ACL that aren't flexible enough to both allow certain IPs while blocking others. Looking at other switches in a similar price-range, we've found that most of them have similar problems or don't offer any ACL features at all. I assume this could also somehow be done with VLANs, but if I understand this correctly we'd still need some kind of ACL to actually specify the valid IP addresses for each port. What do you use to make sure your customers don't use unassigned IP addresses? Or what switches can you recommend that have flexible ACL functionality?

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• How is a Chromebook better than using Chrome browser on another OS?

  - by bigpopakap

  I'm looking into getting a Chromebook as a lightweight device to use for basic functions. I'm fully aware of some of the limitations like no native apps, limited functionality while offline (though this is getting better with Google Drive's offline capabilities). Currently, I have a Windows machine on which I've installed Google Drive, so files in that folder are synced. And I use Chrome as my browser. So I have access to all the same apps (Drive, Calendar, Gmail, Google Music, etc.). Is there any advantage to having a Chromebook over my current setup, other than the speed of the lightweight Chrome OS?

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• Winamp "Now Playing" POST to PHP script

  - by Brad

  I have tried/researched 8 or so different plugins for Winamp that allow this functionality, and none of them seem to work on Windows 7 x64! I need a plugin for Winamp that will send the current playing track information to a PHP script, via GET or POST. I have almost no requirements... it can be the name/artist, or the filename (preferred). No fancy functionality needed, just something basic! The four that I actually are: Now Playing XML HTML Server SongStat Currently Hearing Any suggestions? (Note to Moderators: No, I'm not looking for "shopping recommendations", I just need a plugin that works. There probably is only "one answer" to this question, and if there isn't, feel free to make it a CW.)

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• Windows Server Configuration Management Best Practices

  - by Anton Gogolev

  Chef/Pupper/Ansible are cool and all, but they are second-class citizens on Windows at best. We have a bunch of "snowflake" (one of a kind) machines (baremetal and virtual) that nobody really know what's going on with. What I want is to start establishing basic configuration management for said servers, starting from installing Windows, installing and enabling various Roles and Features, setting up Services, Shares, Users and deploying webapps. PowerShell DSC looks promising, but it's not yet here and appears to be over-engineered, Puppet and the like are again not first-class. There's a bunch of tooks and TLAs like Windows ADK, DISM, OCSetup, etc. and it seems to me that the "Configuration Management" story on Windows is not precisely rainbows and unicorns. What I want is a Puppet/Chef-like, lightweight tool (no System Center Configuration Management, please) which would allow us to "version-control our server infrastructure" and bring all the benefits of CM. So, where do I look for the tool that does this kind of thing?

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• Can a Mac Mini Server and XCode be used for multiple students?

  - by twerdster

  I'm not an administrator but Ive been given the task of finding out whether this is possible. The scenario is like this: At our university we are offering a course in basic iPhone programming for between 4 to 8 groups of students. We have a few iPads, iPods and iPhones but only two Mac Minis. We want to enable the students to work on XCode in the lab (and from home if possible) without buying 8 Mac Minis. Is this possible to do using a Mac Mini Server? If so how would it work if 2 or more groups want to use XCode simultaneously and to debug their programs on devices simultaneously?

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• Can there be multiple monitors with these video cards and setup

  - by z_Zelman

  I have a Acer Aspire TimelineX 4830TG-6808 laptop running windows 7 Ultimate with one VGA port and one HDMI port. It has one Intel HD Graphics family card and one NVIDIA GeForce GT 540M. Right now I have one monitor running via the VGA port, and also the basic laptop monitor. When I look at the monitor setup, I see one unused video card available. Can I have another monitor via the HDMI port? If I cannot run three monitors, is there some way I could make a large "single" desktop that extends over two monitors? For the sake of celerity, maybe something like having a virtual machine window that extends over two monitors. Could this maybe come from third party software?

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• How can I change a specific website's style?

  - by Darthfett

  I have a specific website I often use (specifically, http://www.pygame.org/), which has an awful color scheme. I would like to change the color scheme of the site, but I haven't been able to find a good tool for the job. Some basic requirements: It should not be universal to all websites, or affect other websites. I want this to be semi-automatic. I don't want to have to re-define the theme for each page of the site. I want to continue to access the site online (I don't want a local copy of the entire site) Not OS-specific (browser-specific is okay) I am currently using Firefox, but I am also happy with Chrome. There may be some limitations on what is able to be done automatically, as the CSS seems to be embedded in the HTML (and some also in the HTML tags). I would like to remove as much of the green as possible. Is there an existing extension/add-on that does this?

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