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• Is it good practice to analyse who introduced each bug?

  - by Michal Czardybon

  I used to analyse performance of programmers in my team by looking at the issues they have closed. Many of the issues are of course bugs. And here another important performance aspect comes - who introduced the bugs. I am wondering, if creating a custom field in the issue tracking system "Blamed" for reporting the person who generated the problem, is a good practice. One one hand it seems ok to me to promote personal responsibility for quality and this could reduce the additional work we have due to careless programming. On the other hand this is negative, things are sometimes vague and sometimes there is a reason such us "this thing had to be done very quickly due to a client's...". What to you think?

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• Resources on learning to program in machine code?

  - by AceofSpades

  I'm a student, fresh into programming and loving it, from Java to C++ and down to C. I moved backwards to the barebones and thought to go further down to Assembly. But, to my surprise, a lot of people said it's not as fast as C and there is no use. They suggested learning either how to program a kernel or writing a C compiler. My dream is to learn to program in binary (machine code) or maybe program bare metal (program micro-controller physically) or write bios or boot loaders or something of that nature. The only possible thing I heard after so much research is that a hex editor is the closest thing to machine language I could find in this age and era. Are there other things I'm unaware of? Are there any resources to learn to program in machine code? Preferably on a 8-bit micro-controller/microprocessor. This question is similar to mine, but I'm interested in practical learning first and then understanding the theory.

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• Distance between two 3D objects' faces

  - by Arthur Gibraltar

  I'm really newbie on programming and I'm making some tests. I couldn't find nowhere on Internet how could I calculate the distance between two 3D objects' faces. Is there anyway? Detailing, as an example, I have two 3D cubes. Each one has a vector3 position designating it's center on the 3D space and an orientation matrix. And each cube has a size (float width, float height and float length). I could get a simple distance between them by calling Vector3.Distance(), but it doesn't consider its sizes, just the position. Then the distance would be between its centers. Is there any way to calculate the distance between the faces? Thanks for any reply.

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• Node.js Or servlets?

  - by Nilesh

  I have heard a lot and read about the Javascript server side language i.e Node.js, and saw many comparisons in favor of Node. I don't understand what makes it better or faster, or how it even relates to something as mature as Java Servlets. But Servlets are built on top of a multithreaded programming language as opposed to Node.js. Then how can node.js be faster? If suppose 1000K users query for a database records, then shouldn't Node.js be slower than Servlets. Also Don't servlets have better security compared to Node.js?

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• Exception Handling And Other Contentious Political Topics

  - by Justin Jones

  So about three years ago, around the time of my last blog post, I promised a friend I would write this post. Keeping promises is a good thing, and this is my first step towards easing back into regular blogging. I fully expect him to return from Pennsylvania to buy me a beer over this. However, it’s been an… ahem… eventful three years or so, and blogging, unfortunately, got pushed to the back burner on my priority list, along with a few other career minded activities. Now that the personal drama of the past three years is more or less resolved, it’s time to put a few things back on the front burner. What I consider to be proper exception handling practices is relatively well known these days. There are plenty of blog posts out there already on this topic which more or less echo my opinions on this topic. I’ll try to include a few links at the bottom of the post. Several years ago I had an argument with a co-worker who posited that exceptions should be caught at every level and logged. This might seem like sanity on the surface, but the resulting error log looked something like this: Error: System.SomeException Followed by small stack trace. Error: System.SomeException Followed by slightly bigger stack trace. Error: System.SomeException Followed by slightly bigger stack trace. Error: System.SomeException Followed by slightly bigger stack trace. Error: System.SomeException Followed by slightly bigger stack trace. Error: System.SomeException Followed by slightly bigger stack trace. Error: System.SomeException Followed by slightly bigger stack trace. Error: System.SomeException Followed by slightly bigger stack trace.   These were all the same exception. The problem with this approach is that the error log, if you run any kind of analytics on in, becomes skewed depending on how far up the stack trace your exception was thrown. To mitigate this problem, we came up with the concept of the “PreLoggedException”. Basically, we would log the exception at the very top level and subsequently throw the exception back up the stack encapsulated in this pre-logged type, which our logging system knew to ignore. Now the error log looked like this: Error: System.SomeException Followed by small stack trace. Much cleaner, right? Well, there’s still a problem. When your exception happens in production and you go about trying to figure out what happened, you’ve lost more or less all context for where and how this exception was thrown, because all you really know is what method it was thrown in, but really nothing about who was calling the method or why. What gives you this clue is the entire stack trace, which we’re losing here. I believe that was further mitigated by having the logging system pull a system stack trace and add it to the log entry, but what you’re actually getting is the stack for how you got to the logging code. You’re still losing context about the actual error. Not to mention you’re executing a whole slew of catch blocks which are sloooooooowwwww……… In other words, we started with a bad idea and kept band-aiding it until it didn’t suck quite so bad. When I argued for not catching exceptions at every level but rather catching them following a certain set of rules, my co-worker warned me “do yourself a favor, never express that view in any future interviews.” I suppose this is my ultimate dismissal of that advice, but I’m not too worried. My approach for exception handling follows three basic rules: Only catch an exception if 1. You can do something about it. 2. You can add useful information to it. 3. You’re at an application boundary. Here’s what that means: 1. Only catch an exception if you can do something about it. We’ll start with a trivial example of a login system that uses a file. Please, never actually do this in production code, it’s just concocted example. So if our code goes to open a file and the file isn’t there, we get a FileNotFound exception. If the calling code doesn’t know what to do with this, it should bubble up. However, if we know how to create the file from scratch we can create the file and continue on our merry way. When you run into situations like this though, What should really run through your head is “How can I avoid handling an exception at all?” In this case, it’s a trivial matter to simply check for the existence of the file before trying to open it. If we detect that the file isn’t there, we can accomplish the same thing without having to handle in in a catch block. 2. Only catch an exception if you can do something about it. Continuing with the poorly thought out file based login system we contrived in part 1, if the code calls a Login(…) method and the FileNotFound exception is thrown higher up the stack, the code that calls Login must account for a FileNotFound exception. This is kind of counterintuitive because the calling code should not need to know the internals of the Login method, and the data file is an implementation detail. What makes more sense, assuming that we didn’t implement any of the good advice from step 1, is for Login to catch the FileNotFound exception and wrap it in a new exception. For argument’s sake we’ll say LoginSystemFailureException. (Sorry, couldn’t think of anything better at the moment.) This gives us two stack traces, preserving the original stack trace in the inner exception, and also is much more informative to the calling code. 3. Only catch an exception if you’re at an application boundary. At some point we have to catch all the exceptions, even the ones we don’t know what to do with. WinForms, ASP.Net, and most other UI technologies have some kind of built in mechanism for catching unhandled exceptions without fatally terminating the application. It’s still a good idea to somehow gracefully exit the application in this case if possible though, because you can no longer be sure what state your application is in, but nothing annoys a user more than an application just exploding. These unhandled exceptions need to be logged, and this is a good place to catch them. Ideally you never want this option to be exercised, but code as though it will be. When you log these exceptions, give them a “Fatal” status (e.g. Log4Net) and make sure these bugs get handled in your next release. That’s it in a nutshell. If you do it right each exception will only get logged once and with the largest stack trace possible which will make those 2am emergency severity 1 debugging sessions much shorter and less frustrating. Here’s a few people who also have interesting things to say on this topic:  http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ericlippert/archive/2008/09/10/vexing-exceptions.aspx http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/9538/Exception-Handling-Best-Practices-in-NET I know there’s more but I can’t find them at the moment.

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• Evolution in coding standards, how do you deal with them?

  - by WardB

  How do you deal with evolution in the coding standards / style guide in a project for the existing code base? Let's say someone on your team discovered a better way of object instantiation in the programming language. It's not that the old way is bad or buggy, it's just that the new way is less verbose and feels much more elegant. And all team members really like it. Would you change all exisiting code? Let's say your codebase is about 500.000+ lines of code. Would you still want to change all existing code? Or would you only let new code adhere to the new standard? Basically lose consistency? How do you deal with an evolution in the coding standards on your project?

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• Looking for a light weight note program.

  - by Erin

  This might belongs on superuser but for me it's part of programming so i will ask it here. I find I use notepad to keep chunks of data that are important but not important enough to keep in my head. The one problem with this is I end up with a lot of files on my desktop that I don't know what they are for, or I don't save the file and my computer gets rebooted for some reason. So that big ramble leads to the question. I am looking for a note taking system that is light weight and easy to manage. I would rather it not be a huge application like onenote but if that is what you are using and is is working well for you could you explain how you are doing it? Thanks Erin.

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• To SYNC or not to SYNC – Part 3

  - by AshishRay

  I can't believe it has been almost a year since my last blog post. I know, that's an absolute no-no in the blogosphere. And I know that "I have been busy" is not a good excuse. So - without trying to come up with an excuse - let me state this - my apologies for taking such a long time to write the next Part. Without further ado, here goes. This is Part 3 of a multi-part blog article where we are discussing various aspects of setting up Data Guard synchronous redo transport (SYNC). In Part 1 of this article, I debunked the myth that Data Guard SYNC is similar to a two-phase commit operation. In Part 2, I discussed the various ways that network latency may or may not impact a Data Guard SYNC configuration. In this article, I will talk in details regarding why Data Guard SYNC is a good thing. I will also talk about distance implications for setting up such a configuration. So, Why Good? Why is Data Guard SYNC a good thing? Because, at the end of the day, this gives you the assurance of zero data loss - it doesn’t matter what outage may befall your primary system. Befall! Boy, that sounds theatrical. But seriously - think about this - it minimizes your data risks. That’s a big deal. Whether you have an outage due to bad disks, faulty hardware components, hardware / software bugs, physical data corruptions, power failures, lightning that takes out significant part of your data center, fire that melts your assets, water leakage from the cooling system, human errors such as accidental deletion of online redo log files - it doesn’t matter - you can have that “Om - peace” look on your face and then you can failover to the standby system, without losing a single bit of data in your Oracle database. You will be a hero, as shown in this not so imaginary conversation: IT Manager: Well, what’s the status? You: John is doing the trace analysis on the storage array. IT Manager: So? How long is that gonna take? You: Well, he is stuck, waiting for a response from <insert your not-so-favorite storage vendor here>. IT Manager: So, no root cause yet? You: I told you, he is stuck. We have escalated with their Support, but you know how long these things take. IT Manager: Darn it - the site is down! You: Not really … IT Manager: What do you mean? You: John is stuck, but Sreeni has already done a failover to the Data Guard standby. IT Manager: Whoa, whoa - wait! Failover means we lost some data, why did you do this without letting the Business group know? You: We didn’t lose any data. Remember, we had set up Data Guard with SYNC? So now, any problems on the production – we just failover. No data loss, and we are up and running in minutes. The Business guys don’t need to know. IT Manager: Wow! Are we great or what!! You: I guess … Ok, so you get it - SYNC is good. But as my dear friend Larry Carpenter says, “TANSTAAFL”, or "There ain't no such thing as a free lunch". Yes, of course - investing in Data Guard SYNC means that you have to invest in a low-latency network, you have to monitor your applications and database especially in peak load conditions, and you cannot under-provision your standby systems. But all these are good and necessary things, if you are supporting mission-critical apps that are supposed to be running 24x7. The peace of mind that this investment will give you is priceless, especially if you are serious about HA. How Far Can We Go? Someone may say at this point - well, I can’t use Data Guard SYNC over my coast-to-coast deployment. Most likely - true. So how far can you go? Well, we have customers who have deployed Data Guard SYNC over 300+ miles! Does this mean that you can also deploy over similar distances? Duh - no! I am going to say something here that most IT managers don’t like to hear - “It depends!” It depends on your application design, application response time / throughput requirements, network topology, etc. However, because of the optimal way we do SYNC, customers have been able to stretch Data Guard SYNC deployments over longer distances compared to traditional, storage-centric ways of doing this. The MAA Database 10.2 best practices paper Data Guard Redo Transport & Network Configuration, and Oracle Database 11.2 High Availability Best Practices Manual talk about some of these SYNC-related metrics. For example, a test deployment of Data Guard SYNC over 330 miles with 10ms latency showed an impact less than 5% for a busy OLTP application. Even if you can’t deploy Data Guard SYNC over your WAN distance, or if you already have an ASYNC standby located 1000-s of miles away, here’s another nifty way to boost your HA. Have a local standby, configured SYNC. How local is “local”? Again - it depends. One customer runs a local SYNC standby across the campus. Another customer runs it across 15 miles in another data center. Both of these customers are running Data Guard SYNC as their HA standard. If a localized outage affects their primary system, no problem! They have all the data available on the standby, to which they can failover. Very fast. In seconds. Wait - did I say “seconds”? Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus. But you have to wait till the next blog article to find out more. I assure you tho’ that this time you won’t have to wait for another year for this.

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• How often do CPUs make calculation errors?

  - by veryfoolish

  In Dijkstra's Notes on Structured Programming he talks a lot about the provability of computer programs as abstract entities. As a corollary, he remarks how testing isn't enough. E.g., he points out the fact that it would be impossible to test a multiplication function f(x,y) = x*y for any large values of x and y across the entire ranges of x and y. My question concerns his misc. remarks on "lousy hardware". I know the essay was written in the 1970s when computer hardware was less reliable, but computers still aren't perfect, so they must make calculation mistakes sometimes. Does anybody know how often this happens or if there are any statistics on this?

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• Rotate a vector by given degrees (errors when value over 90)

  - by Ivan

  I created a function to rotate a vector by a given number of degrees. It seems to work fine when given values in the range -90 to +90. Beyond this, the amount of rotation decreases, i.e., I think objects are rotating the same amount for 80 and 100 degrees. I think this diagram might be a clue to my problem, but I don't quite understand what it's showing. Must I use a different trig function depending on the radians value? The programming examples I've been able to find look similar to mine (not varying the trig functions). Vector2D.prototype.rotate = function(angleDegrees) { var radians = angleDegrees * (Math.PI / 180); var ca = Math.cos(radians); var sa = Math.sin(radians); var rx = this.x*ca - this.y*sa; var ry = this.x*sa + this.y*ca; this.x = rx; this.y = ry; };

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• How to create an auto-grader in and for Python

  - by recluze

  I'm trying to create an auto-grader for one of my beginning programming courses for python. From my online search, I've come to know that it is effectively a unit test framework that tests the student's code rather than production code but I'm not really sure how to structure the flow of the program. Can anyone please provide a strategy for submission of code by students and automating the whole process of marking? For instance, how would the student code be submitted and then stored/structured on disk, how would the grades be stored/reported? I'm only looking for a broad strategy and will try on my own to fill in the blanks. (I asked this on stockoverflow.com initially but it's considered as off-topic and I was suggested to ask here.)

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• Web development tools/approaches?

  - by Clinton

  My day job involves a bit of programming, but I've recently been attempting some web development for personal reasons. I've got Drupal up and running and done basic things like add new content (i.e. heading and text) and add modules and themes, but I'm not sure how to approach actually designing pages. When I mucked around with webpages 15 years ago, it was just a mixture of HTML, CSS and Javascript, generally written with a text editor. Have things changed, or is this the way I'd make a Drupal page today? If it makes a difference, in my case the page's I want to design simply have static content, but I'd like them to be easily updatable.

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• Looking for a Python UI library comparable with Windows Forms [on hold]

  - by Mitten

  I am looking for a Python UI library which I could use to develop a desktop GUI comparable to what can be done with .NET Windows Forms. I have no previous experience programming UI in Python, so I would rather choose (if there is a choice) something simple. The application I am building would be a document oriented - rich texts, lists and grids, I don't expect to use much graphics - mostly formatted texts. Any pointers, and if there is more than one major GUI library available for Python - how could I quickly test them to see which one is a better fit for my needs?

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• Is Java easy decompilation a factor worth considering

  - by Sandra G

  We are considering the programming language for a desktop application with extended GUI use (tables, windows) and heavy database use. We considered Java for use however the fact that it can be decompiled back very easily into source code is holding us back. There are of course many obfuscators available however they are just that: obfuscators. The only obfuscation worth doing we got was stripping function and variables names into meaningless letters and numbers so that at least stealing code and renaming it back into something meaningful is too much work and we are 100% sure it is not reversible back in any automated way. However as it concerns to protecting internals (like password hashes or sensible variables content) we found obfuscators really lacking. Is there any way to make Java applications as hard to decode as .exe counterparts? And is it a factor to consider when deciding whether to develop in Java a desktop application?

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• Do leaderboard sets (in Game Center) allow 500 unique leaderboards?

  - by Korey Hinton

  The Game Kit Programming Guide for iOS claims: The number of different leaderboards allowed increases to 500 leaderboards per game when leaderboard sets have been enabled...Leaderboard sets offer developers the ability to combine several leaderboards into a single group. But their example (see image below) implies that a single leaderboard is placed into multiple leaderboard sets. Is that the only way to be able to use the full 500 leaderboards? by combining the same leaderboard into multiple sets? I want to be able to have 500 unique leaderboards that are not duplicated between sets. Is this possible?

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• Would a professional, self taught programmer benefit from reading an algorithms book?

  - by user65483

  I'm a 100% self taught, professional programmer (I've worked at a few web startups and made a few independent games). I've read quite a few of the "essential" books (Clean Code, The Pragmatic Programmer, Code Complete, SICP, K&R). I'm considering reading Introduction to Algorithms. I've asked a few colleagues if reading it will improve my programming skills, and I got very mixed answers. A few said yes, a few said no, and a one said "only if you spend a lot of time implementing these algorithms" (I don't). So, I figured I'd ask Stack Exchange. Is it worth the time to read about algorithms if you're a professional programmer who seldom needs to use complex algorithms? For what it's worth, I have a strong mathematical background (have a 2 year degree in Mathematics; took Linear Algebra, Differential Equations, Calc I-III).

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• OpenGL ES 2.0 example for JOGL

  - by fjdutoit

  I've scoured the internet for the last few hours looking for an example of how to run even the most basic OpenGL ES 2 example using JOGL but "by Jupiter!" it has been a total fail. I tried converting the android example from the OpenGL ES 2.0 Programming Guide examples (and at the same time looking at the WebGL example -- which worked fine) yet without any success. Are there any examples out there? If anyone else wants some extra help regarding this question see this thread on the official Jogamp forum.

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• Why write clean, refactored code?

  - by Shamal Karunarathne

  Hi programming lovers, This is a question I've been asking myself for a long time. Thought of throwing out it to you. From my experience of working on several Java based projects, I've seen tons of codes which we call 'dirty'. The unconventional class/method/field naming, wrong way of handling of exceptions, unnecessarily heavy loops and recursion etc. But the code gives the intended results. Though I hate to see dirty code, it's time taking to clean them up and eventually comes the question of "is it worth? it's giving the desired results so what's the point of cleaning?" In team projects, should there be someone specifically to refactor and check for clean code? Or are there situations where the 'dirty' codes fail to give intended results or make the customers unhappy? Do feel free to comment and reply. And tell me if I'm missing something here. Thanks.

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• Liskov substitution and abstract classes / strategy pattern

  - by Kolyunya

  I'm trying to follow LSP in practical programming. And I wonder if different constructors of subclasses violate it. It would be great to hear an explanation instead of just yes/no. Thanks much! P.S. If the answer is no, how do I make different strategies with different input without violating LSP? class IStrategy { public: virtual void use() = 0; }; class FooStrategy : public IStrategy { public: FooStrategy(A a, B b) { c = /* some operations with a, b */ } virtual void use() { std::cout << c; } private: C c; }; class BarStrategy : public IStrategy { public: BarStrategy(D d, E e) { f = /* some operations with d, e */ } virtual void use() { std::cout << f; } private: F f; };

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• Best design for a memory resident tool

  - by Andrew S.

  I apologize if this tends more toward design that programming, but here goes. What design would you recommend for a database that is Memory resident Must run on windows, linux and (at a stretch) the mac Accept multiple queries simultaneously Have minimum overhead, since a search is expected to take <0.25s This program implements a domain-specific search. Think of it as a database, but one that takes advantage of domain specific information to outperform a convential database search (for example, with custom oracle indexing). We have a custom data structure for our data. Our protoype is a simple exe that constructs the database in memory each time it is run. We were thinking that perhaps this program would suffice, but augmented with sockets so it can listen for queries. This database will be static. Its contents will change infrequently. We expect queries, and the solution, to be delivered via a web service.

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• Understanding the Java Ecosystem

  - by syrion

  I have traditionally had the "luxury" of being a one-man development team. I've used Python extensively, have a reasonable command of Perl, PHP, and JavaScript. My problem is Java. I can write Java code. I'm not great at it--unlike Python, I rarely make use of anything unique to Java when I'm writing it. Furthermore, my experience is mostly in simple GUI/console programming. Unfortunately, I'm currently pursuing an IT degree where Java is the lingua franca. My database class is requiring that our projects be written in Java using servlets, and I just can't wrap my head around the ecosystem. Is there a good online overview of or tutorial on how the Java web ecosystem works? I have Thinking in Java, but it's mostly just the language itself (which I understand well enough to get by). I have looked at the Sun servlet tutorial, but it seems outdated.

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• How do I start correctly in building database classes in c#?

  - by e4rthdog

  I am new in C# programming and in OOP. I need to dive into web applications for my company, and I need to do it fast and correct. So even that I know ASP.NET MVC is the way to go, I want to start with some simple applications with ASP.NET Webforms and then advance to MVC logic. Also regarding my db classes: I plan to create common database classes in order to be able to use them either from WinForms or ASP.NET applications. I also know that the way to go is to learn about ORM and EF. BUT I also want to start from where I am feeling comfortable and that is the traditional ADO.NET way. So about my Data Access Layer classes: Should I return my results in datasets or arraylists/lists? Should my methods do their own connect/disconnect from the db, or have separate methods and let the application maintain the connection?

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• How do you make comp.sci students and future programmers aware of the various software licenses and the nuances of it ?

  - by Samyak Bhuta

  To be specific How would you include it as part of curriculum ? Would it be too boring to just introduce them as a pure law subject ? Are there any course structure available or can we derive one ? What are the books that could be used ? I would like to see that - after going through the course - candidate is well aware of "what software licenses are and what they are good for". Various implications of not knowing it in it's proper sense. What licenses they should use for their own code. What to consider when they are trying to use certain libraries or tools in their project and gauge risks/rewards associated with it. The idea is to let them make informed choices when they are professionals/practitioners in field of programming and not make them substitute for a lawyer or even a paralegal who is going to fight the case or draft things.

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• Can't install lua on 12.04 on Chrome book

  - by Anthony

  I am currently trying to install lua on my Ubuntu 12.04 on Chrome book and I keep getting this error: I'm doing good learning different programming languages (self taught) and well I wanted to start learning Lua. That error is keeping me from doing that unfortunately. I've tried doing it with and without of root access and still no success. Does anyone know what might be causing the problem or of a different way of installing Lua? Thanks a ton! Don't mind the top of the image just me taking out my frustration.

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• How would I get work as a PHP, MySQL Developer?

  - by Matthew

  I've been working with PHP and MySQL to create various projects that I've been interested in, I can design the user interface, and the back end programming. I've created simple social networking sites, book marking sites, and project management software. So what steps would I take to get a job? Is there a market for PHP, MySQL web developers? Is it possible to take instructions and work from home for someone? How would I accept payment? Should I start a company? or work for someone? I am currently based in South Africa, many of the companies are lacking the innovation that I'm seeking for in a company.

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