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• Better way to quad+ boot operating systems?

  - by Wijagels

  I currently have Windows 7, Ubuntu 12.04, Fedora 17, and open SUSE installed. I currently use BURG boot loader to load up all the systems. However, BURG does not work with windows(I still manage) and it is a little finicky. So, I want to make windows work and have all the other OSes I want all on one boot loader. I already tried easy BCD and for whatever reason Fedora took over and blocked out the other OSes.

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• How to version lock packages in Ubuntu?

  - by Sandra

  On CentOS exists the yum versionlock option, where you can lock a package to a specific version, so it is never upgraded past that. I would like that puppet-server-2.7.19-1 puppet-2.7.19-1 stays on 2.7, and never upgraded to 3.0. Puppet Labs have released 3.0 and put it into the stable repo, so 2.7 will get upgraded to 3.0, which is not backwards compatible. Does Ubuntu have something similar to yum versionlock?

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• Creating full, global clang+llvm environment

  - by Griwes

  What is the easiest way to setup full Clang, libc++ and LLVM as default global toolchain? All of my attempts to build it, in most of the configurations I could think of, resulted in working Clang, but it didn't use libc++ headers, but default GCC's libstd++'s ones, resulting in numerous faults in incompatible pieces of library code. I would like it working out of the box, without having to do magic in .bashrc or passing all those -stdlib=libc++ and -lc++ to compiler and linker.

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• Basic connectivity issues between Win 7 and XP mixed wired/wireless network. [Solved]

  - by Pulse

  Setup: Windows 7 x64 Ultimate desktop hard wired to Asus WL500gp router (WL500gpv2-1.9.2.7-d-r1445 firmware) Several Bridged VirtualBox VM's running XP, 7, ubuntu server 10.04, Mint 9 and SuSE 11.2 Win XP Pro SP3 notebook with D-Link Airplus wireless network card. No firewall or other security software currently running on either platform (at least for the duration of the test) Situation: Router is acting DHCP server Clients are receiving correct addresses and additional parameters Internet connectivity is available from all clients Windows 7 sharing is set to Network type = work (not home group) NetBT is disabled on all clients using smb over TCP What I can do: I can ping the router and internet addresses from the wireless XP notebook I can ping the Win 7 desktop and any VM from the XP wireless notebook I can ping all devices from the router All VM's and 7 can ping each other and the router as well as Internet addresses What I can't do: I cannot ping the XP wireless notebook from either the Win 7 desktop or the VM's; it always returns a destination host unreachable error. Tracert resolves the name or the XP notebook but also returns a destination host unreachable. From the above it would seem that something is blocking connectivity in a single direction (from the Win 7 box to the Win XP notebook) only but the router can ping the XP notebook. Some fresh input would be most welcome, as this is beginning to drive me batty. Thanks

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• How to find the process(es) which are hogging the machine

  - by Aaron Digulla

  Scenario: All of a sudden, my computer feels sluggish. Mouse moves but windows take ages to open, etc. uptime says the load is 7.69 and raising. What is the fastest way to find out which process(es) are the cause of the load? Now, "top" and similar tools isn't the answer because they either show CPU or memory usage but not both at the same time. What I need is the single command which I might be able to type as it happens - something that will figure out any of System is trying to swap 8GB of RAM to disk because process X ... or process X seeks all over the disk or process X uses 400% CPU" So what I'm looking for is iostat, htop/atop and similar tools run into one with an output like this: 1235 cp - Disk trashing 87 chrome - Uses 2&nbsp;GB of RAM 137 nfs_bench - Uses 95% of the network bandwidth I don't want a tool that gives me some numbers which I can analyze but a tool that tells me exactly which process causes the current load. Assume that the user in front of the keyboard barely knows how to write "process", but the user is quickly overwhelmed when it comes to "resident size", "virtual memory" or "process life cycle". My argument goes like this: A user notices a problem. There can be thousands of reasons ... well, almost :-) The user wants to know the source of the problem. The current solutions give me lots of numbers, and I need to know what these numbers mean. What I'm looking for is a meta tool. 99% of the data is irrelevant to the problem. So what the tool should do is look for processes which hog some resource and list only those along with "this process needs a lot of CPU, this produces many IRQs, this process allocates a lot of RAM (and it's still growing)". This will be a relatively short list. It will be much more simple for someone new to this to locate the culprit from this list than from the output of, say, htop which gives me about 5000 numbers but requires me to fold multi-threaded processes myself (I have 50 lines which say VIRT 2750M but only 16 GB of RAM - the machine ought to swap itself to death but of course, this is a misinterpretation of the data that can happen quickly).

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• mysql on ubunto 4 is not running and is not remotely accessible

  - by user628119

  Currently i installed ubunot on ubunto 4.4, and using following commands i can see mysql, mysqld running ps -ef | grep mysql ps -ef | grep mysqld but when I run, netstat i don't see mysql and 3306 anywhere. in my.cnf file, i have given my ip and port is 3306. also when i run this command sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql i don't see anything and commands I needed to run the mysql 5 on port 3306 and on ip=x.x.x.x for remotely accessible Looking forward to your reply

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• How to restrict where a user can do in Debian

  - by David

  I have just added a new user in Debian but i am just wondering how i can restrict their access to other folders, really i just want them to stay in their own directory /home/username

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• Why doesn't the value in /proc/meminfo seem to map exactly to the system RAM?

  - by Eric Asberry

  The values in /proc/meminfo for MemTotal don't make sense. As a human, eyeballing it, it seems to roughly correspond to the installed RAM, but for using it to display the installed RAM from an automated utility it appears to be inexact, and inconsistent. For a system with 1G of RAM, I would expect the MemTotal line to have a value of 1048576 - 1024*1024. But instead, I'm seeing 1029392. On another 4G box, I'm seeing 3870172, which is not a multiple of 1024, and it's not even close to 1029392*4. On an 8G box, I get 8128204, which again seems to have no correlation to the other values, nor is it a multiple of 1024. I'm trying to use this information to report the RAM on a status web page. My work-around is to just "round" it to the nearest 1G multiple, but I'd like to understand why these values seem inconsistent and don't match my expectations. Can somebody fill me in on what I'm missing here? EDIT: To expand on the accepted answer below.... The reference can be found here. Also of interest to me from that page, which explains the inconsistency, is this bit: meminfo: Provides information about distribution and utilization of memory. This varies by architecture and compile options. ...

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• Creating own Amazon Machine Image - Kernel panic

  - by amra

  I have created own AMI and registered it on Amazon EC2. But while AMI startup I receive following error: Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(8,1) The image is running locally without any problems. fstab contains: proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/sda1 / ext3 relatime,errors=remount-ro 0 1 thx for help

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• Why the number of blocks is always a multiple of 8?

  - by lemonedo

  $ stat -c %s,%o,%b foo.txt 631,4096,8 $ stat -c %s,%o,%b bar.txt 5952,4096,16 Why the number of blocks is always a multiple of 8? I thought the number of blocks of a file is the smallest integer that satisfies filesize <= blocksize * blockcount.

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• In a php script making /coderoot refer to /var/webroot/coderoot?

  - by Josh

  We are migrating a server and have modified the architecture slightly so that instead of /var/coderoot we now have /var/webroot/coderoot - I realize I could do a scripted find and replace, but I would rather have full unmodified reverse compatibility, or if that's unreasonable lets just say for theories sake. I tried using a symmlink ln -s /var/coderoot /var/webroot/coderoot but attempting to include a file in the code root using /var/coderoot/file does not work. I also tried using mod_alias with ScriptAlias and Alias. Neither worked. Is there anyway to do this?

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• How to detect if all the device on my machine have proper drivers?

  - by smwikipedia

  I have just installed the Xubuntu 10.04. But the display seems to be latency. When I try to copy a big file from usb disk to hard disk, the CPU is 100% used. So I doubt that some device drivers are missing. I can use lspci to show the PCI devices on my machine, but how could I tell whether proper drivers have been installed or not? Many thanks.

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• replace nth occurence of string in each line of a text file

  - by dnkb

  I have large text files with space delimited strings (2-5). The strings can contain "'" or "-". I'd like to replace say the second space with a pipe. What's the best way to go? Using sed I was thinking of this: sed -r 's/(^[a-z'-]+ [a-z'-]+\b) /\1|/' filename.txt Any other/better/simpler ideas? Thank you

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• HAProxy overload protection

  - by user2050516

  using the HAProxy, would it be possible to configure an overload protection, to limit the amount of requests sent to the backing http server(s) to a given rate (z.B 100 Request per second ). If the threshold is exceeded requests should be answered with a default response. I am interested in requests per second not connections per second as a connection can have many requests. And yes to improve the servers is not an option here. If yes a configuration example to achieve that would be excellent. Thank you in advance.

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• Permission denied when trying to execute a binary burned to a CD-R

  - by user16654

  On an Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala) machine, I burned a CD from the command prompt using: cdrecord -v speed=16 dev=0,1,0 /FPS.iso The CD now contains an executable and some files. I tested the CD by loading it onto another machine (Red Hat 5.3) and when I try to run the program I get the following message: bash: ./FPS1_1: Permission denied I can open other files like text documents (the executable also comes with shared libraries). I realized I had burned the CD as root so I burned another one as another user but I still have the same problem. How can I remove this permission or what is the problem? P.S. the image was in / if that helps

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• Sendmail: Use SMART_HOST for local mail

  - by bradlis7

  We are running an outbound SPAM filter, and we'd like to be able to have the mail sent through that filter, even when it's to a local user. Is there a way to force sendmail to use the SMART_HOST, even when it is going to be delivered locally?

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• mysql disk io keeps increasing ... is that normal?

  - by trustfundbaby

  So I've been trying to figure out this disk IO problem I have been having with my linode VPS. Over the last day or two I've just left watch -n1 pidstat -d running in a console window and the output looks like this: Monitoring it over the last few days, I've noticed that my problem lies with the init, searchd, and mysql processes. Searchd is sphinx and all its indexes are on disk, so disk io there is inevitable (apparently). What I can't understand is why the disk reads (kB_rd/s) for mysql refuse to stabilize and just keep going up. It started out at 154 yesterday and is up to what you see in that screen shot. but disk writes (kB_wr/s) have remained pretty constant the entire time. My VPS only has 768MB RAM, my mysql db has a size of about 220MB and after running mysqltuner.pl and reading a bit about it, I've been advised to set my innodb_buffer_pool_size to 220MB but I simply cannot afford to do that ... I have it up to 150MB. My question is twofold. Why does the init process have that much disk reading to do? Why is mysql doing so much disk reading?

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• proxy refused to connect

  - by kichu

  i cant access internet,after showing the message "connection is established" in ubuntu 9.04 version OS . saying that proxy server is refusing to connect.what is the problem?

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• solution for an offline server

  - by dashmug

  I'm trying to setup a development server at work that will ideally be able to test drive a couple of projects in PHP, Rails, or Django (not always running at the same time). I develop the apps locally on a Mac and then I'll put the projects up on this server for testing with my actual users (non-techies) before deploying to a production server. My problem is that we have a very poor internet connection (almost negligible) at work and doing the usual apt-get/yum/ports (make, clean, install) processes for setting up servers always get their packages from online repositories somewhere. I know I could probably download the source and then compile them myself but that's going to be too much of a hassle for me. I'm thinking about two solutions: Plan A: Run a server VM on my Mac and then use this VM as the source repository for the offline server. I've read about Ubuntu's apt-proxy and it seems to be good enough though I haven't tried it yet. I'm not sure if this is possible but can I simply do apt-get install nginx --downloadonly so that the package and its dependencies will be downloaded into my VM and my server can use the VM as the source repo for apt-get? Plan B: Run a server VM on my Mac (which I can setup/update easily when I'm home) and then clone the VM to the offline development server. Maybe I should simply make the server a VM host so I can simply copy the VM over. I think this is okay for the first-time setup but subsequent updates will take too long (cloning the VM image). If I was working on Windows, I imagine it'd be easier because most services have an installer file that I can download and then run at the server. If you could suggest another way, it would be much appreciated. Update: From Michael Hampton's answer, I found a possible solution which is apt-cacher. I also found this page on Ubuntu's website. I wonder if there is a better tool than this one.

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• Best windows tool to scan and repair harddisk

  - by ICTdesk.net

  Does anybody know a good software tool to scan and repair sectors on harddisks (an alternative to the standard that is included with windows e.g. scandisk/chkdsk)? I know already about all emergency/ultimate boot cd's, I am looking for a tool that is not on one of the boot-cd's. Thank you, Kindest regards, Marcel

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• Binding MySQL to run from the public or private LAN IP address - which one is faster

  - by Lamin Barrow

  So we have 2 servers all running at the same web host. We have bind MySQL to listen on the public ip-address of the database server and the web server connects to it from the public ip. Both servers run on the same private network. Currently, the DB connect method from our php script takes about 3ms to connect to the MySQL database server host. My question is, would MySql data interaction from the web server be faster if we bind it to listen on the private lan address on the database server instead of the public IP? or is it the same regardless and it wont make a different.

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• puppet onlyif specified nodes

  - by Valintinr

  I'm trying to write a puppet template. I have a puppet-master and a few puppet-agents and they all must be divided. I think it's good to do this by the node's hostname. But when I tried to do this I've encountered an error "puppet-agent[169037]: (/Stage[main]//Exec[adduser]) Could not evaluate: Could not find command 'ru1'" see code below exec { 'adduser': command => 'sudo adduser -m -p pawSfQewWrUAA test -G wheel', path => [ '/bin','/usr/bin' ], onlyif => "$hostname == ru1" } I need to specify this task for only one node with the hostname ru1. So have can I do this? Thanks.

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• Does Gedit have cool keyboard shortcuts?

  - by Kelp

  I have used Vim before and I love the keyboard shortcuts, but I hate having to copy and paste, so I am looking for a text editor that makes it easier. I have been trying Gedit. It's cool. But I really miss the being to create a new line, going to the end of the line, going to the beginning of the line, deleting a line with keyboard shortcuts. I tried to look up "gedit keyboard shortcuts" but all it came up with was how to save a file. Basic things.

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• RHEL 6.5 and LDAP

  - by zuboje

  I am trying to connect our Active directory server to brand new RHEL 6.5 server. I want to authenticate users using AD credentials, but I want to restrict that only certain users can login, I don't want to allow anybody from AD to connect to it. I would like to use something like this: CN=linuxtest,OU=SecurityGroups,DC=mydomain,DC=local but I am not sure how would I setup OU and CN. I use sssd for authentication and my id_provider = ad. I wanted to use id_provider = ldap, but that did not work at all and RHEL customer service told me to setup this way. But I want to have a little bit more control who can do what. I know I can use this to restrict simple_allow_users = user1, user2, but I have 400+ users, I really don't want to go and type them all. Question is how would I setup OU or CN for my search?

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• Disk partition errors after size change

  - by benjamin.d

  I increased the disk size of one of my VM when it was running. After a reboot, I get the following error message (at boot time): Mounting local filesystems...failed Now the VM is only accessible through ESX console (not through ssh), and nothing is working anymore.... I already tried to run fsck, but without success. The result of mount: The result of blkid: The result of fstab: Thanks for your help

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