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• How do I minimize Evolution to the system tray in Ubuntu?

  - by Jephir

  In Ubuntu some applications can be set to minimize instead of exit on close. For example, Empathy minimizes to the system tray (mail icon) when the close button is pressed in the application window. How do I make Evolution do this as well? Essentially I would like to have Evolution hidden in the system tray instead of having to re-launch it every ten minutes to check for new messages (or leave it open and clutter the taskbar).

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• dhclient.conf: Send 2x host-names to the DHCP server?

  - by RobM

  Already working: Debian box DHCP with send host-name me.company.com in dhclient.conf DNS updates automatically with an entry for me.company.com What I want to add: Send a second host-name, so both are automatically registered with DNS In other words: I want a DHCP client to register with DNS twice using different names, preferably without having to maintain DNS records manually. Is this even possible with DHCP?

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• Partitioning of Ubuntu server which will use OpenVZ and encrypted partitions (unlocked through SSH l

  - by DeletedAccount

  Hi, I'm about to install a server. Some context: My HDD is 1 TB and I have 2 GB RAM Ubuntu Server Lucid Lynx AMD 64 I will use OpenVZ and have most functionality separated into containers. To support disk quotas I need to use ext3 (not ext4) for the container partition. Each time I reboot the server I want to be forced to login through SSH and mount the encrypted partitions by typing my password (if someone steals the server, no critical data should be available). I want to have as much as possible encrypted. Yet I want to be able to login through SSH as I don't have a monitor or keyboard at the server. I am not sure how big I need my partitions to be. Being able to resize them later would be nice. I guess it implies using LVM? But the manual partition mount using SSH is also very important (in fact it's more important, if I have to pick one). How do you recommend that I partition the HDD? If I have daemons which needs the encrypted partitions, will they fail and can I just restart them after mounting the needed partitions?

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• Backing up to smaller drive

  - by Dave

  In a few hours I'll have a new 500GB Sony laptop, filled with the usual Sony rubbish which I'll promptly be replacing with Ubuntu or Crunchbang or something. However, first I want to make a full clone of the drive (including recovery partitions), should I wish to return it to Sony or sell it on in its factory state. The problem is that the only backup drives I have are less than 500GB - the biggest I have is 250GB or so! So I need to backup and compress on-the-fly. What's the best way to do this? Presumably dd piped into gzip would do the trick, or does anyone have any other suggestions to accomplish this?

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• Lighttpd based server issues crop up when port forwarding

  - by michael

  I have four host computers running lighttpd webservers. they are sitting behind a hspa modem, which each occupying a http port between [81 - 84]. 80 is taken by the modem itself. The port forwarding is setup correctly, however, only a portion of any webpage I request from any of the hosts comes through (they all fails after %20 of the page). If I put the host on port 81 into the dmz, it serves pages fine. The others do not respond to the dmz treatment. Is it possible the web content on the hosts somehow require ports aside from their respective http port? Or is it possible that even though the server.port in the lighttpd_ssl.conf file is set, the individual hosts are still expecting to serve on port 80? I am not familiar with lighttpd, nor did i set them up. they are running on video encoders i purchased. I can grab any files from them required for further information on the problem.

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• Change directory upwards to specified goal

  - by haakon

  I'm often deep inside a directory tree, moving upwards and downwards to perform various tasks. Is there anything more efficient than going 'cd ../../../..'? I was thinking something along the lines of this: If I'm in /foo/bar/baz/qux/quux/corge/grault and want to go to /foo/bar/baz, I want to do something like 'cdto baz'. I can write some bash script for this, but I'd first like to know if it already exists in some form.

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• When should I upgrade to Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid Lynx)? [closed]

  - by Emyr

  I'm a web developer for a small non-IT firm. When 9.10 came out, I was using it with no adverse effects from about a month before release (iirc, first beta), initially as an upgrade but as a clean install later to ensure my system would be consistent with most other 9.10 systems. The last alpha of 10.04 came out last week, with another 2 weeks before beta. I'm quite eager to do it today, but obviously the usual "not for production systems" notice is still in place. When should I upgrade? Do I need to worry about software installed from source? (./configure, make, make install etc) Is the attraction of a non-brown theme really this tempting for you?

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• List installed packages with the repo they came from?

  - by Sandra

  With rpm it is possible to list installed packages with additional info rpm -qa --queryformat "%-35{NAME} %-35{DISTRIBUTION} %{VERSION}-%{RELEASE}\n" | sort -k 1,2 -t " " -i which will produce something like xorg-x11-drv-ur98 (none) 1.1.0-1.1 xorg-x11-drv-vesa CentOS-5 1.3.0-8.3.el5 xorg-x11-drv-vga (none) 4.1.0-2.1 xorg-x11-drv-via (none) 0.2.1-9 On Ubnutu server would I like to list all installed packages and show from which repository in came from. Can that be done?

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• Different behaviour of script locally and over ssh

  - by neorg

  I have a script on a server-A Script-A #!/bin/bash -l echo "script-A.sh" | change-environment.sh When I ssh onto server-A and execute it, it works fine. However, when I ssh user@server-A ./script-A.sh Script-A executes, but throws an undefined variable error in change-environment.sh. change-environment.sh runs in the c shell(I have no control over the script so the method I have used is about the only way I can use it), but everything else is in bash. Had found a similar question at I can run a script locally, but cannot do "ssh HOSTNAME /path/to/script.sh". However, there was no solution to the issue and it was a year old.

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• DHCP server can't see other machines

  - by William

  Hi, I setup a private network from virtual machines and one of the machines is the DHCP server for the group. I want to specify a next-server for the DHCP server but I'm having trouble connecting to any of the machines that I lease IPs to. I'm just trying to do a simple ping/ssh to 10.0.0.252 (a machine with a lease) but it doesn't seem to respond. Any advice? I'm assuming I need to be able to connect to my next-server but maybe I'm wrong. Thanks.

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• ssh login - execute command - exit

  - by renton

  hi folks, is there a way to just execute a command (or script) on a user (ssh) login and then exit? some kind of replacing the default shell with a custom script. i want a user only be able to restart a service, but not to have regular shell-access thanks

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• Giving SSH access to a user, and security issues.

  - by Kris Sauquillo

  Okay, so I have a VPS and I made an account for a friend so he can host his own domains (using the reseller features in DirectAdmin). He's asking for SSH access, and I know that this is probably a bad idea. Does he have access to my whole server, such as executing commands, accessing my domains that I host on my server? I logged into my SSH using his account details and it let me navigate around all of the root folders/files, and his account is under /home/AccountName/. Is there anyway to restrict his access to his folder only? And the commands he can use?

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• What are secure ways of sharing a server (ssh+LAMP) with friends?

  - by Bran the Blessed

  What is the best way to share a virtual server with friends? More precisely, I have the following assets: A virtual private server (Debian Lenny) with root access for myself, running... SSH apache2 mysql Some unused disk space Some friends in need of hosting The problem I would now like to do the following: Hosting one or several domains per friend My friends should have full access to their domains, including running PHP scripts, for example My friends should not be able to poke around in other directories The security of my server should not be compromised by faulty PHP scripts To clarify: I do trust my friends in the sense that they are not trying to do something evil with their access. I just do not trust the programs they are going to run. So, what are your recommendations for establishing such a scenario? Partial solution I already came up with the following plan: Add chrooted SSH users for my friends Add Apache vhosts per user (point the directories to subdirectories of the homedirectories, i.e. /home/alice/example.com, /home/bob/example.net, etc. But how can I enforce a chroot-like environment for the scripts they are running within these vhosts? Any pointers would be appreciated.

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• iptables, forward traffic for ip not active on the host itself

  - by gucki

  I have kvm guest which's netword card is conntected to the host using a tap device. The tap device is part of a bridge on the host together with eth0 so it can access the public network. So far everything works, the guest can access the public network and it can be accessed from the public network. Now the kvm process on the host provides a vnc server for the guest which listens on 127.0.0.1:5901 on the host. Is there any way to make this vnc server accessible by the ip address which the guest is using (ex. 192.168.0.249), without interrupting the guest from using the same ip (port 5901 is not used by the guest)? It should also work when the guest is not using any ip address at all. So basically I just want to fake IP xx is on the host and only answer/ forward traffic to port 5901 to the host itself. I tried using this NAT rule on the host, but it doesn't work. Ip forwarding is enabled at the host. iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dst 192.168.0.249 --dport 5901 -j DNAT --to-destination 127.0.0.1:5901 I assume this is because the IP 192.168.0.249 is not not bound to any interfaces and so no ARP requests for it get answered and so no packets for this IP arrive at the host. How can make it work? :)

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• Is there anyway that I can set the 'real' memory usage value while running my java code?

  - by vira

  I'm running a code on a server to generate a 10,000x10,000 matrix and save each value into a table (MySQL). I was informed by the administrator that I can use up to 32g of the physical memory of our server but have no idea how to do it. I googling around and so far only found information about setting the virtual memory using -Xmx. I tried it anyway and using top command I got this: PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 3981 gv 35 15 32.4g 304m 10m S 1 0.5 9:54.84 java So, it shows that the -Xmx set the VIRT and not the RES value. Is there anyway that I can set the RES value into 32g?

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• Website and file/directory permissions

  - by mathiass

  I've been given a task to fix this one website. One of its issues is that on one page, the images have broken links - the images are not showing, and clicking on the image (i.e. direct link to the image file) results in a 403 (Forbidden) error. I am looking for some feedback on what could be the possible cause. The directory where the images are stored has the following permissions: drwxrws--- www "group" 10240 Aug 2008 "image directory name" I had to hide the names. I checked the page source code, and everything seems to be in place. The rest of the site, and other images outside that image directory are showing fine. I was told that recently there have been some changes to the server. I'm trying to assume that there is no fault in the source code, and the permissions are - or used to be - correct (since the site has been working before, and no recent changes to the site itself have been made). My only thoughts at the moment is that either: a) the directory permission should be: drwxrws--x (executable) for the other users, or b) there is a change in the server settings that I don't know of. Is there anything else I should check?

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• Applications getting killed automatically

  - by nebi

  I am running httperf client on my m/c and after few seconds it is getting killed. dmesg shows: The command is: httperf --hog --client=0/1 --server=39.0.0.2 --port=80 --uri=/50kb --rate=20000 --send-buffer=4096 --recv-buffer=16384 --num-conns=6000000 --num-calls=1 Although I had done this test no. of times but never faced this error any time. From last two days I am observing this. My Ubuntu version is ubuntu 10.04. and httperf version is httperf-0.9.0 [ 2997.180620] Out of memory: kill process 7977 (apache2) score 70532 or a child [ 2997.180632] Killed process 7977 (apache2) [ 2997.184837] Out of memory: kill process 7971 (rsyslogd) score 8702 or a child [ 2997.184844] Killed process 7971 (rsyslogd) [ 2997.188823] Out of memory: kill process 7978 (apache2) score 1354 or a child [ 2997.188829] Killed process 7978 (apache2) [ 2997.192817] Out of memory: kill process 7973 (atd) score 561 or a child [ 2997.192822] Killed process 7973 (atd) [ 2997.196805] Out of memory: kill process 8102 (httperf) score 471 or a child [ 2997.196811] Killed process 8102 (httperf) Output of free command: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3862768 163000 3699768 0 2384 13068 -/+ buffers/cache: 147548 3715220 Swap: 3905528 0 3905528

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• Eject LiveCD + Reboot

  - by JPerkSter

  We use LiveCD's alot in my line of work. Whether it be fscking file systems, recovering data from a customer to rm'd his server, etc. I'm looking for a quick way to eject the CDROM and reboot the server. Does anyone have any one-liners to do this or any other suggestions? Using 'eject' doesn't work most of the time, from what I've tested / used. We're using RHEL / Cent on most of our servers if that helps :D

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• How can I create a video DVD with multiple titles from a single-titled DVD?

  - by KeyboardMonkey

  I have an unencrypted DVD that is one big title, ie you cannot skip next / prev. What I want to do is reauthor the DVD with title at certain points, so that I can skip next / prev when watching it. I'm using Ubuntu 8.10

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• Show symbolic links AND their targets in web directory listing (apache)

  - by Erwan Queffélec

  Listing a directory content with ls -l shows this output: total 12 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Dec 11 16:38 2.3 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Dec 11 16:38 2.4 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 11 16:38 archive lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 11 16:38 current -> 2.4/2.4.1/ lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 11 16:38 next -> 2.4/2.4.2/ lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Dec 11 16:38 previous -> 2.4/2.4.0/ Notice how it shows the symbolic links and their respective targets. I need to know if there is a way of getting the same behaviour in apache directory browsing. If apache is not capable of it as I suspect, is there an application (FLOSS) providing that kind of behaviour ?

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• Is Joerg Schilling’s “sdd” a full replacement for “dd”

  - by fishtoprecords

  I was directed to post here, I started on Stackoverflow.... I'm trying to use 'sdd' on my Debian system, and can't get one set of options to work. They do work in 'dd' so I am wondering if I am specifying them incorrectly, or if sdd didn't implement them, or something else. What I want to do is sdd if=/dev/hdh1 of=/bay5/imagebay1 bs=4096 conv=sync,noerror if I leave out the "conv=..." option, it works, or at least starts copying data. sdd if=/dev/hdh1 of=/bay5/imagebay1 bs=4096 Can you shed a bit of light?

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• wget recursive limited within subdomain

  - by Paul Seangwongree

  I want to download the following subdomain with the recursive option using wget: www.example.com/A/B So if that URL has links to www.example.com/A/B/C and www.example.com/A/B/D, these two should also be downloaded. But I don't want anything outside the www.example.com/A/B subdomain to be downloaded. For example, if www.example.com/A/B/C has a link back to www.example.com, the page www.example.com should not be downloaded. What wget command should I use?

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• migration of physical server to a virtual solution, what i have to do?

  - by bibarse

  Hello I'm new in this forum, so i would like that you forgive me for my blissfully and my low English level. I'm a trainee in company one month ago, and my mission is to migrate 3 physicals servers to a virtualization technology. The company edit softwares for E-learning so there are lots of data like videos, flash and compressed (zip). This is some inventory of the servers: OS: Debian, 2 redhat, apache, php/mysql, sendMail/Dovecot, webmin with virtualmin template to create dynamically the web sites because there is no sysadmin ... The future provider will be responsible of to secure, update and create the virtual machines (outsourcing) and with a RedHat OS's. So i want that you help me to choose a virtualisation technologie (for the i prefer KVM of Redhat RHEV, VMWare is expensive), how evaluate the hardware needs (this for evolution of 4 or 5 years) and to elaborate a good planing to don't forget any think. Thank you for your responses.

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• What's the most compact way to store a password-protected RSA key?

  - by Tim

  I've tried converting a PEM-encoded key to DER format, and it appears the password is stripped regardless of the -passout argument. Example: openssl rsa -in tmp.pem -outform DER -out tmp.der -passin pass:foo -passout pass:bar -des3 The resulting key appears no longer password-protected, so I am assuming that DER format does not support a password - is that correct? What alternative way is there to store this in a compact, binary form, and keep the password-protection?

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• Port forwarding using IP Tables

  - by Darider

  I have a server with a LAN facing address of 192.168.5.100 (eth0) and another LAN facing address of 192.168.6.6 (eth1). On this server I have a Virtualbox instance of fedora running an apache webserver (on port 8080) with a bridged interface to eth1 on the host server with address of 192.168.6.7 Users on the 192.168.6.x network can access the Webserver on the Vbox instance (192.168.6.7) with no problems. My question is what kind of iptables entries or commands should be made/executed so as to allow for users on the 192.168.5.x network to access the webserver on the vbox instance. (I'm hoping their url can be something like: http://192.168.5.100:8080)

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