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  • How to calculate cointegrations of two lists?

    - by Damiano
    Hello everybody! Thank you in advance for your help! I have two lists with some stocks prices, example: a = [10.23, 11.65, 12.36, 12.96] b = [5.23, 6.10, 8.3, 4.98] I can calculate the correlation of these two lists, with: import scipy.stats scipy.stats.pearsonr(a, b)[0] But, I didn't found a method to calculate the co-integration of two lists. Could you give me some advices? Thank you very much!

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  • List comprehension, map, and numpy.vectorize performance

    - by mcstrother
    I have a function foo(i) that takes an integer and takes a significant amount of time to execute. Will there be a significant performance difference between any of the following ways of initializing a: a = [foo(i) for i in xrange(100)] a = map(foo, range(100)) vfoo = numpy.vectorize(foo) a = vfoo(range(100)) (I don't care whether the output is a list or a numpy array.) Is there a better way?

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  • MemoryError when running Numpy Meshgrid

    - by joaoc
    I have 8823 data points with x,y coordinates. I'm trying to follow the answer on how to get a scatter dataset to be represented as a heatmap but when I go through the X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y) instruction with my data arrays I get MemoryError. I am new to numpy and matplotlib and am essentially trying to run this by adapting the examples I can find. Here's how I built my arrays from a file that has them stored: XY_File = open ('XY_Output.txt', 'r') XY = XY_File.readlines() XY_File.close() Xf=[] Yf=[] for line in XY: Xf.append(float(line.split('\t')[0])) Yf.append(float(line.split('\t')[1])) x=array(Xf) y=array(Yf) Is there a problem with my arrays? This same code worked when put into this example but I'm not too sure. Why am I getting this MemoryError and how can I fix this?

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  • Google App Engine: Update model definitons?

    - by Rosarch
    I recently updated one of my models by adding a db.ListProperty(): class DependencyArcTail(db.Model): courses = db.ListProperty(db.Key) ''' newly added ''' forwardLinks = db.ListProperty(db.Key) However, I can't seem to get this to be reflected in the SDK dashboard. I cleared the datastore and reloaded it. Then I ran the procedures that create the DependencyArcTail objects. However, forwardLinks still doesn't show up as an attribute in the SDK dashboard. What's happening?

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  • ManyToManyField error when having recursive structure. How to solve it?

    - by luc
    Hello, I have the following table in the model with a recursive structure (a page can have children pages) class DynamicPage(models.Model): name = models.CharField("Titre",max_length=200) parent = models.ForeignKey('self',null=True,blank=True) I want to create another table with manytomany relation with this one: class UserMessage(models.Model): name = models.CharField("Nom", max_length=100) page = models.ManyToManyField(DynamicPage) The generated SQL creates the following constraint: ALTER TABLE `website_dynamicpage` ADD CONSTRAINT `parent_id_refs_id_29c58e1b` FOREIGN KEY (`parent_id`) REFERENCES `website_dynamicpage` (`id`); I would like to have the ManyToMany with the page itself (the id) and not with the parent field. How to modify the model to make the constraint using the id and not the parent? Thanks in advance

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  • Tkinter mouse event initially triggered

    - by user3714884
    I'm currently learning Tkinter and I cannot find a solution for my problem here nor outside Stackoverflow. In a nutshell, all events that I bind to my widgets are triggered initialy and don't respond to my actions. In this example, the red rectangle appears on the canvas when I run the code, and color=random.choice(['red', 'blue']) revealed that the event binding doesn't work after that: import Tkinter as tk class application(tk.Frame): def __init__(self, master=None): tk.Frame.__init__(self, master) self.can = tk.Canvas(master, width=200, height=200) self.can.bind('<Button-2>', self.draw()) self.can.grid() def draw(self): self.can.create_rectangle(50, 50, 100, 100, fill='red') app = application() app.mainloop() I use a Mac platform, but I haven't got a clue about its role in the problem. Could anyone please point me at the mistake i did here?

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  • How to turn this simple 10 digit hex number back into 8 digits?

    - by Babil
    The algorithm to convert input 8 digit hex number into 10 digit are following: Given that the 8 digit number is: '12 34 56 78' x1 = 1 * 16^8 * 2^3 x2 = 2 * 16^7 * 2^2 x3 = 3 * 16^6 * 2^1 x4 = 4 * 16^4 * 2^4 x5 = 5 * 16^3 * 2^3 x6 = 6 * 16^2 * 2^2 x7 = 7 * 16^1 * 2^1 x8 = 8 * 16^0 * 2^0 Final 10 digit hex is: = x1 + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5 + x6 + x7 + x8 = '08 86 42 98 E8' The problem is - how to go back to 8 digit hex from a given 10 digit hex (for example: 08 86 42 98 E8 to 12 34 56 78) Some sample input and output are following: input output 11 11 11 11 08 42 10 84 21 22 22 33 33 10 84 21 8C 63 AB CD 12 34 52 D8 D0 88 64 45 78 96 32 21 4E 84 98 62 FF FF FF FF 7B DE F7 BD EF

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  • Why does 'url' not work as a variable here?

    - by kryptobs2000
    I originally had the variable cpanel named url and the code would not return anything. Any idea why? It doesn't seem to be used by anything else, but there's gotta be something I'm overlooking. import urllib2 cpanel = 'http://www.tas-tech.com/cpanel' req = urllib2.Request(cpanel) try: handle = urllib2.urlopen(req) except IOError, e: if hasattr(e, 'code'): if e.code != 401: print 'We got another error' print e.code else: print e.headers print e.headers['www-authenticate']

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  • urllib open - how to control the number of retries

    - by user1641071
    how can i control the number of retries of the "opener.open"? for example, in the following code, it will send about 6 "GET" HTTP requests (i saw it in the Wireshark sniffer) before it goes to the " except urllib.error.URLError" success/no-success lines. password_mgr = urllib.request.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm() password_mgr.add_password(None,url, username, password) handler = urllib.request.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(password_mgr) opener = urllib.request.build_opener(handler) try: resp = opener.open(url,None,1) except urllib.error.URLError as e: print ("no success") else: print ("success!")

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  • rearranging a list of months

    - by MacUsers
    How can I list the numbers 01 to 12 (one for each of the 12 months) in such a way so that the current month always comes last where the oldest one is first. In other words, if the number is grater than the current month, it's from the previous year. e.g. 02 is Feb, 2011 (the current month right now), 03 is March, 2010 and 09 is Sep, 2010 but 01 is Jan, 2011. In this case, I'd like to have [09, 03, 01, 02]. This is what I'm doing to determine the year: for inFile in os.listdir('.'): if inFile.isdigit(): month = months[int(inFile)] if int(inFile) <= int(strftime("%m")): year = strftime("%Y") else: year = int(strftime("%Y"))-1 mnYear = month + ", " + str(year) I don't have a clue what to do next. What should I do here?

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  • Strange (atleast for me) behavior in Django template

    - by lud0h
    The following code snippet in a Django template (v 1.1) doesn't work. {{ item.vendors.all.0 }} == returns "Test" but the following code snippet, doesn't hide the paragraph! {% ifnotequal item.vendors.all.0 "Test" %} <p class="view_vendor">Vendor(s): {{item.vendors.all.0}} </p><br /> {% endifnotequal %} Any tips on what's wrong? Thanks.

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  • How to parse json data in jquery ajax success?

    - by samarh.k
    info = {'phone_number': '123456', 'personal_detail': {'foo':foo, 'bar':bar}, 'is_active': 1, 'document_detail': {'baz':baz, 'saz':saz}, 'is_admin': 1, 'email': '[email protected]'} return HttpResponse(simplejson.dumps({'success':'True', 'result':info}), mimetype='application/javascript') if(data["success"] === "True") { alert(data[**here I want to display personal_detail and document_details**]); } How can I do this?

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  • Break in Class Module vs. Break on Unhandled Errors (VB6 Error Trapping, Options Setting in IDE)

    - by Erx_VB.NExT.Coder
    Basically, I'm trying to understand the difference between the "Break in Class Module" and "Break on Unhandled Errors" that appear in the Visual Basic 6.0 IDE under the following path: Tools --> Options --> General --> Error Trapping The three options appear to be: Break on All Errors Break in Class Module Break on Unhandled Errors Now, apparently, according to MSDN, the second option (Break in Class Module) really just means "Break on Unhandled Errors in Class Modules". Also, this option appears to be set by default (ie: I think its set to this out of the box). What I am trying to figure out is, if I have the second option selected, do I get the third option (Break on Unhandled Errors) for free? In that, does it come included by default for all scenarios outside of the Class Module spectrum? To advise, I don't have any Class Modules in my currently active project. I have .bas modules though. Also, is it possible that by Class Mdules they may be referring to normal .bas Modules as well? (this is my second sub-question). Basically, I just want the setting to ensure there won't be any surprises once the exe is released. I want as many errors to display as possible while I am developing, and non to be displayed when in release mode. Normally, I have two types of On Error Resume Next on my forms where there isn't explicit error handling, they are as follows: On Error Resume Next ' REQUIRED On Error Resume Next ' NOT REQUIRED The required ones are things like, checking to see if an array has any length, if a call to its UBound errors out, that means it has no length, if it returns a value 0 or more, then it does have length (and therefore, exists). These types of Error Statements need to remain active even while I am developing. However, the NOT REQUIRED ones shouldn't remain active while I am developing, so I have them all commented out to ensure that I catch all the errors that exist. Once I am ready to release the exe, I do a CTRL+H to find all occurrences of: 'On Error Resume Next ' NOT REQUIRED (You may have noticed they are commented out)... And replace them with: On Error Resume Next ' NOT REQUIRED ... The uncommented version, so that in release mode, if there are any leftover errors, they do not show to users. For more on the description by MSDN on the three options (which I've read twice and still don't find adequate) you can visit the following link: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:yUQZZK2n2IYJ:support.microsoft.com/kb/129876&hl=en&lr=lang_en%7Clang_tr&gl=au&tbs=lr:lang_1en%7Clang_1tr&prmd=imvns&strip=1 I’m also interested in hearing your thoughts if you feel like volunteering them (and this would be my tentative/totally optional third sub-question, that being, your thoughts on fall-back error handling techniques). Just to summarize, the first two questions were, do we get option 3 included in all non-class scenarios if we choose option 2? And, is it possible that when they use the term "Class Module" they may be referring to .bas Modules as well? (Since a .bad Module is really just a class module that is pre-instantiated in the background during start-up). Thank you.

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  • efficiently convert string (or tuple) to ctypes array

    - by Mu Mind
    I've got code that takes a PIL image and converts it to a ctypes array to pass out to a C function: w_px, h_px = img.size pixels = struct.unpack('%dI'%(w_px*h_px), img.convert('RGBA').tostring()) pixels_array = (ctypes.c_int * len(pixels))(*pixels) But I'm dealing with big images, and unpacking that many items into function arguments seems to be noticeably slow. What's the simplest thing I can do to get a reasonable speedup? I'm only converting to a tuple as an intermediate step, so if it's unnecessary, all the better.

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  • indexing for faster search of lists in a file??

    - by kaushik
    i have a file having around 1 lakh lists and have a another file with again a list of around an average of 50.. I want to compare 2nd item of list in second file with the 2nd element of 1st file and repeat this for each of the 50 lists in 2nd file and get the result of all the matching element. I have written the code for all this,but this is taking a lot of time as it need to check the whole the 1lakh list some 50 times..i want to improve the speed... please tell me how can i do this.... i cant not post my code as it is part of big code and will be difficult to infer anything from that... please tell what can be done to improve the speed?? thank u,

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  • pyplot.scatter changes the data limits of the axis

    - by Erotemic
    I have some code which plots some points. I substituted ax.scatter for ax.plot so I could control the color of each point individually. However when I make this change the axis x and y ranges seem to increase. I can't pinpoint why this is happening. The only thing I've changed is plot to scatter. This code makes an axis that is too big ax.scatter(x, y, c=color_list, s=pts_size, marker='o', edgecolor='none') #ax.plot(x, y, linestyle='None', marker='o', markerfacecolor=pts_color, markersize=pts_size, markeredgewidth=0) This code does the right thing (but I can't control the color) #ax.scatter(x, y, c=color_list, s=pts_size, marker='o', edgecolor='none') ax.plot(x, y, linestyle='None', marker='o', markerfacecolor=pts_color, markersize=pts_size, markeredgewidth=0) Is there a way I can call scatter such that it doesn't mess with my current axis limits?

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  • Django - Expression based model constraints

    - by rtmie
    Is it possible to set an expression based constraint on a django model object, e.g. If I want to impose a constraint where an owner can have only one widget of a given type that is not in an expired state, but can have as many others as long as they are expired. Obviously I can do this by overriding the save method, but I am wondering if it can be done by setting constraints, e.g. some derivative of the unique_together constraint WIDGET_STATE_CHOICES = ( ('NEW', 'NEW'), ('ACTIVE', 'ACTIVE'), ('EXPIRED', 'EXPIRED') ) class MyWidget(models.Model): owner = models.CharField(max_length=64) widget_type = models.CharField(max_length = 10) widget_state = models.CharField(max_length = 10, choices = WIDGET_STATE_CHOICES) #I'd like to be able to do something like class Meta: unique_together = (("owner","widget_type","widget_state" != 'EXPIRED')

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  • How detect length of a numpy array with only one element?

    - by mishaF
    I am reading in a file using numpy.genfromtxt which brings in columns of both strings and numeric values. One thing I need to do is detect the length of the input. This is all fine provided there are more than one value read into each array. But...if there is only one element in the resulting array, the logic fails. I can recreate an example here: import numpy as np a = np.array(2.3) len(a) returns an error saying: TypeError: len() of unsized object however, If a has 2 or more elements, len() behaves as one would expect. import numpy as np a = np.array([2.3,3.6]) len(a) returns 2 My concern here is, if I use some strange exception handling, I can't distinguish between a being empty and a having length = 1.

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  • Yet another list comprehension question

    - by relima
    I had this: if Setting["Language"] == "en": f.m_radioBox3.SetSelection(0) elif Setting["Language"] == "pt": f.m_radioBox3.SetSelection(1) elif Setting["Language"] == "fr": f.m_radioBox3.SetSelection(2) elif Setting["Language"] == "es": f.m_radioBox3.SetSelection(3) Then I did this: Linguas = ["en","pt","fr","es"] a = 0 for i in Linguas: if i == Setting["Language"]: f.m_radioBox3.SetSelection(a) a += 1 Is it possible to further simplify this and make it into a one-liner?

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  • How do I attach event bindings to items on a canvas using Tkinter?

    - by Ian
    If I'm using a canvas to display data and I want the user to be able to click on various items on the canvas in order to get more information or interact with it in some way, whats the best way of going about this? Searching online I can find information about how to bind events to tags but that seems to be more indirect then what I want. I don't want to group items with tags, but rather have specific function calls when the user clicks specific items on the canvas.

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  • List filtering: list comprehension vs. lambda + filter

    - by Agos
    I happened to find myself having a basic filtering need: I have a list and I have to filter it by an attribute of the items. My code looked like this: list = [i for i in list if i.attribute == value] But then i thought, wouldn't it be better to write it like this? filter(lambda x: x.attribute == value, list) It's more readable, and if needed for performance the lambda could be taken out to gain something. Question is: are there any caveats in using the second way? Any performance difference? Am I missing the Pythonic Way™ entirely and should do it in yet another way (such as using itemgetter instead of the lambda)? Thanks in advance

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