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  • I lost /dev/md2 on my server

    - by sten
    Hi, My 2 hard drives fried at the same moment apparently. My host company rebooted my server in rescue mode and I am trying to recover my data. They told me to mount /dev/sda2 to recover the data I need but, looking at a similar server that I have in pool, the data I'm looking for should be instead in /dev/md2. I can find /dev/md0 but not /dev/md2 (nor /dev/md1). I've looked on several places on the web and I could only find messages explaining how to create new partition. I just need to recover some data, not all of it and I'll be glad if anyone could help me to mount the /dev/md2 folder (or any other trick that would allow me to recover the data that was stored there). Thanks in advance, Sten

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  • Is there a decent diagram of packet flow for a modern era (2.6+) iptables setup?

    - by stsquad
    I'm currently trying to debug a particularly hairy set of DNAT based iptables rules (the UDP reply never makes it back to the original requester) and I'm struggling to visualise the packet flow through all the numerous tables involved. So far Google'ing has shown me old 2.4 based ipchains ones. The netfilter site has some good text docs but is short on diagrams and a number of the external links are now dead. So is there a canonical diagram for iptables packet flow, preferably showing how NAT/Masqueraded packets are also dealt with?

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  • Client unable to reach Internet through OpenVPN

    - by Carroarmato0
    The clients can all connect through OpenVPN. OpenVPN serves the following pool: server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 I've configured the server's iptable with the following rule: iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE and echo 1 /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward This used to work back on the old vps I used. Now I've migrated to a vps which has ipv6 connectivity. Is it possible that Ipv6 has something to do with the fact that the clients can't reach the internet?

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  • Why would the Apache parent process restart silently?

    - by miracle
    I run apache 2.2.9 with mpm prefork on debian lenny. Following http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/prefork.html, I would expect that there is one parent process, running as root and listening as configured, which would start child processes as defined by the Min/Max/etc. directives. I expect the children to be restarted as per MaxRequestsPerChild, but the parent process to stay put with one process id until I restart it manually. Out of a little paranoia, I started monitoring listening ports including process ids. I have a cron job every 20 minutes to run netstat -ap | grep LISTEN and diff the output. Sometimes (about once per day) I see a series of this: 8c8 < tcp6 0 0 [::]:www [::]:* LISTEN 6194/apache2 --- tcp6 0 0 [::]:www [::]:* LISTEN 6607/apache2 10c10 < tcp6 0 0 [::]:https [::]:* LISTEN 6194/apache2 --- tcp6 0 0 [::]:https [::]:* LISTEN 6607/apache2 Over a period of an hour or three, the parent would change its pid at least once every 20 minutes, without any explanation in the log files or any other hint that anything is going wrong. This is not what I expected. What am I missing?

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  • mod_secdownload in lighttpd support subdirectories for secure stream?

    - by zomail
    i want to know that lighttpd supports secure stream for subdirectories ? I want to secure my subdirectories within a directory but looks like its not working on subdirectories . I want to secure my subdirectories within download-area directory given below secdownload.secret = "MySecretSecurePassword" secdownload.document-root = "/home/lighttpd/download-area/" secdownload.uri-prefix = "/dl/" secdownload.timeout = 3600

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  • SSH not working after installing SVN server on Debian

    - by sLIDe
    Today I had to install SVN server on my Debian server. I used this tutorial (only I didn't do anything to connect to SVN through file://, http:// or https://, only svn:// and svn+ssh://). After I installed SVN server and configured it after that tutorial, I tried to connect to it. I could connect to it using svn:// protocol, but when I tried to connect using svn+ssh:// protocol, my servers SSH stopped responding. Even after I stopped SVN server and restarted SSH server I can't connect to it.

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  • how to design LAN connectivity between private and corporate ?

    - by maruti
    there is a bunch of servers connected to shared storage in a private LAN (10.x.x.x). this privateLAN is managed by a windows server (DHCP, DNS and directory services). how can these hosts be accessed from outside of this privateLAN? Eg. Remote desktop. can the NIC2 on each of the hosts be connected to the other public LAN (compromising speed or security? what are improtant considerations: additional hardware? like switches? routing&DNS software?

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  • Permissions issue on Fedora with separate home partition

    - by Tres
    I am running Fedora 12 and I've setup a partition separate from my root partition to keep shared files and home directories. Now, I've been having permission issues where it says the user cannot chdir into their home directory (/files/home/*). Now, I fixed this originally by chmodding / to 0755 and the home directories also to 0755. And yes, the user is the owner:group of their home directory. Now get this, I didn't change a thing, rebooted, everything still works. Great, right? I boot the server up a day later, and now same ol issue. This is a home server that wasn't on at all at any point in between the working state and non-working state. Also, nothing else was modified. Any ideas? Thanks!

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  • mdadm raid1 fails to resync

    - by JuanD
    Hello, I'm trying to solve this problem I'm having with an mdadm raid1. I have an ubuntu 9.04 server running on a software 2-drive raid1 with mdadm. Yesterday, one of the drives failed, and so I replaced it with a brand new drive of the same size. I removed the faulty drive, copied the partition from the remaining good drive to the new drive and then added it to the raid. It re-synced and the system worked fine, until the drive that hadn't failed, was also labeled failed. Now I had the raid running solely on the new drive. So I purchased another drive and repeated the procedure above. So now I had 2 brand new drives and the raid was syncing. However, after a few minutes I checked /proc/mdstat and the raid was no longer syncing. mdadm --detail /dev/md1 shows: (sdb is the first new drive, and sdc is the second new drive) root@dola:/home/jjaramillo# mdadm --detail /dev/md1 /dev/md1: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Sat Dec 20 00:42:05 2008 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 974711680 (929.56 GiB 998.10 GB) Used Dev Size : 974711680 (929.56 GiB 998.10 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 1 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Wed Jun 2 10:09:35 2010 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 2 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 1 UUID : bba497c6:5029ba0b:bfa4f887:c0dc8f3d Events : 0.5395594 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 2 8 35 0 spare rebuilding /dev/sdc3 1 8 19 1 active sync /dev/sdb3 I've tried removing and re-adding the drive a few times, but the same thing happens. The raid fails to resync. I've looked at /var/log/messages, and found the following: Jun 2 07:57:36 dola kernel: [35708.917337] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Unhandled sense code Jun 2 07:57:36 dola kernel: [35708.917339] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE Jun 2 07:57:36 dola kernel: [35708.917342] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Sense Key : Medium Error [current] [descriptor] Jun 2 07:57:36 dola kernel: [35708.917346] Descriptor sense data with sense descriptors (in hex): Jun 2 07:57:36 dola kernel: [35708.917348] 72 03 11 04 00 00 00 0c 00 0a 80 00 00 00 00 00 Jun 2 07:57:36 dola kernel: [35708.917357] 00 43 9e 47 Jun 2 07:57:36 dola kernel: [35708.917360] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Add. Sense: Unrecovered read error - auto reallocate failed So it looks like there's some kind of error on sdb (the first new drive). My question is, what would be the best approach to get the raid up and running again? I've thought about dd'ing the /dev/md1 to a blank hard drive, then re-doing the raid from scratch and loading the data back, but there could be an easier solution.. Any help would be appreciated.

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  • Question marks showing in ls of directory. IO errors too.

    - by jaymoo
    Has anyone seen this before? I've got a raid 5 mounted on my server and for whatever reason it started showing this: jason@box2:/mnt/raid1/cra$ ls -alh ls: cannot access e6eacc985fea729b2d5bc74078632738: Input/output error ls: cannot access 257ad35ee0b12a714530c30dccf9210f: Input/output error total 0 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 123 2009-08-19 16:33 . drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 16 2009-08-14 17:15 .. ?????????? ? ? ? ? ? 257ad35ee0b12a714530c30dccf9210f drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 57 2009-08-19 16:58 9c89a78e93ae6738e01136db9153361b ?????????? ? ? ? ? ? e6eacc985fea729b2d5bc74078632738 The md5 strings are actual directory names and not part of the error. The question marks are odd, and any directory with a question mark throws an io error when you attempt to use/delete/etc it. I was unable to umount the drive due to "busy". Rebooting the server "fixed" it but it was throwing some raid errors on shutdown. I have configured two raid 5 arrays and both started doing this on random files. Both are using the following config: mkfs.xfs -l size=128m -d agcount=32 mount -t xfs -o noatime,logbufs=8 Nothing too fancy, but part of an optimized config for this box. We're not partitioning the drives and that was suggested as a possible issue. Could this be the culprit?

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  • Why doesn't my cron.d per minute job run?

    - by Travis Griggs
    I have thrown a bunch of darts trying to get a python script of mine to execute every minute. So I thought I'd simplify it to just do the "simplest thing that could could possibly work" once per minute (I'm running debian/testing). I created a single line file in /etc/cron.d/perminute: * * * * * /bin/touch /home/me/ding_dong It's owned by root, and executable (not sure if either of those matter). And then I did: sudo service cron reload And then sit back and start running ls -ltr again and again in my home directory (/home/me). But my ding_dong file never shows up. I know if I do a sudo /bin/touch /home/me/ding_dong, it shows up right away. Obviously missing something stupid here.

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  • Backing Up User Data when data is not in use. Should I be concerned?

    - by jberryman
    This may be a dumb question. I would like to use duplicity to make backups to Amazon S3 of directories, each of which contains a different user's data. Each directory could be written to at any time. So I have two questions: Should I be concerned that a scheduled backup of a directory might occur in the middle of data being written to files in the directory, resulting in a corrupted backup? And if that is a valid concern, how would I go about temporarily delaying an operation while IO was happening, to try to minimize that effect. Thanks for the advice

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  • How do I reset my PYTHONPATH?

    - by Underyx
    Somehow my PYTHONPATH environment variable got emptied, and now I can't import some downloaded modules. I've tried running the following command to reinstall all Python packages, but it didn't set the variable back to its original value: dpkg-query -W -f '${package}\n' | grep python | xargs -I % sudo apt-get install % --reinstall How do I reinstall the packages so that this gets sorted out? The (Vagrant) box is running Ubuntu 12.04.

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  • Vmware Workstation 10 connect remote server (Debian, Guest-Windows XP) Does not allow raw disk access nor shared folders

    - by Alex
    The setup: Ubuntu with local Vmware Workstation 10 (everything works locally) Connects(File- Connect to Server) Debian server with the same Vmware Workstation 10 (Windows XP Guest) Debian setup does not allow raw disk access nor shared folders (most options does not exist) No shared folder No physical disk option I use root user for this machine. Default install. I've tried to add shared folder from command line - it does not work. How to enable shared folders or raw disk access? I have created new Windows 8 64 bit template from scratch - I cannot use physical HDD either, and no SharedFolder option. I think this is something about security policy of remote server.

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  • How to securely control access to a backend key server?

    - by andy
    I need to securely encrypt data in my database so that if the database is dumped, hackers are unable to decrypt the data. I'm planning on creating a simple key server on a different machine, and allowing the DB server access to it (restricted by IP address on the key server to permit the DB server). The key server would contain the key required to encrypt/decrypt data. However, if a hacker were able to get a shell on the DB server, they could request the key from the key server and therefore decrypt the data in the database. How could I prevent this (assuming all firewalls are in place, DB is not connected directly to the internet, etc)? i.e. is there some method I could use that could secure a request from the DB server to the key server so that even if a hacker had a shell on the DB server they'd be unable to make those same requests? Signed requests from the DB server could make issuing these requests less trivial - I suppose that'd help increase the amount of time it'd take to compromise the key server, something a hacker probably wouldn't have much of. As far as I can see, if someone can get a shell on the DB server everything's lost anyway. This could be mitigated by using one key per data item in the DB so at least there's not a single "master" key, but multiple keys that the hacker would need to access. What would be a secure method of ensuring requests from the DB server to the key server were authentic and could be trusted?

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  • Do control groups improve system performances?

    - by qdii
    According to this website, enabling cgroups in the kernel can boost performances by sharing resources in a better way. In particular, the conclusion states that:  Nevertheless, with a little trial and error, cgroups can help you improve the efficiency of your systems’ resource usage and avoid downtime due to overusage of a single service. Kernel seeds, however, recommend to deactivate them altogether. They say: Consider these [kernel] settings poison. They remain nothing but system slow-downs. They are all off by default [in the proposed kernel config file]. Who should I trust?

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  • How to reduce Fedora's disk size in VMware player.

    - by user428862
    I'm new to Fedora 14, vmware player. After getting Fedora up and running in VMware player. The disk size was 2.7 GB. After three hours of working with it, the disk size has bloated to 4.3 GB. I havent added software to account for the near doubling in size. How do I reduce the size back to 2.7GB range or lower. Im new to Fedora and superuser controls. Im removing more software than adding software. Is this a VMWARE problem or Fedora problem?

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  • I dont understand why [closed]

    - by gcc
    I dont understand why they vote down my question ,I couldont understand them -they do know nothing ,donot try to solve it-but they do vote down.If you do know nothing , dont fuck something or dont try to mess up

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  • PHP5.3 FastCGI doesn't use global config's values

    - by mega.venik
    There's a Centos6.3 system. Apache 2.2.15 + mod_fcgid + PHP 5.3.3 There's a problem with date.timezone value. It's mentioned in the global /etc/php.ini like this: date.timezone = "Europe/Moscow" And doesn't mentioned in user's local php.ini. As a result, I'm getting lot's of warnings like: Warning: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Europe/Helsinki' for 'EEST/3.0/DST' instead in ... Including the date.timezone parameter into the user's php.ini solves the problem, but I don't think, that it's the best solution. Maybe someone have faced this problem and can give an advice? Thanks! P.S. Creating /etc/php.d/timezone.ini with the timezone info aslo does nothing:(

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  • How to change the X-Windows default border width for all window frames in Ubuntu using Gnome 2.28

    - by Heston T. Holtmann
    Way back from Windows 3.x days to the latest 64bit Windows 7 (classic/standard theme).. there is a way to make the window edge border wider then 1 pixel... I often use 3 to 5 pixel to make it easy to grab on hi-resolutions displays and hi DPI monitors. There doesn't seem to be an easy or obvious way to do this with the Gnome X-Windowing system? Does any one know how?

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  • Where can I download mod_shaper for proftpd?

    - by lorus
    www.castaglia.org/proftpd/ says: mod_shaper is distributed with the proftpd source code but in the latest src from ftp://ftp1.at.proftpd.org/ProFTPD/distrib/source/proftpd-1.3.2e.tar.gz there is no mod_shaper.c inside ... so where can I get this mod?

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