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• Implement 2x speed in tower of defense type game

  - by Siddharth

  I was currently developing tower of defense game and I want to implement 2x feature for my game. Game usually run with 1x speed that was normal speed of the game. Here what 1x and 2x mean : 1x - mention normal speed of the game, 2x - mention the game object moves with double speed means user experience the fast game play. I want to implement such functionality for my game. The functionality that I want contains in the game Medieval Castle game that was available in the market. https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nova.root&feature=search_result#?t=W251bGwsMSwxLDEsImNvbS5ub3ZhLnJvb3QiXQ.. The screen shot also shows the 1x and 2x button in that game. I think for 2x speed of the game I have to increase the speed of each object that were in the game. So any member please help what to do for that implementation. Only idea become enough for me.

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• Box Collider isn't rotating with Game Object

  - by pek

  I have a method that creates a room by instantiating a prefab, places it in a grid and the re-sizes the collider based on a room definition (location in grid, rotation, width and height). Here is the method: public void CreateRoom(RoomAction action) { GameObject roomGameObject = Instantiate(this.roomPrefab, Vector3.zero, action.RoomPrefab.transform.rotation) as GameObject; roomGameObject.transform.parent = this.transform; roomGameObject.transform.localPosition = new Vector3(action.MansionOffsetX, 0, -action.MansionOffsetY) * this.blockSize; roomGameObject.transform.localPosition += new Vector3((action.Room.Width * this.blockSize) / 2, 0, -((action.Room.Height * this.blockSize) / 2)); BoxCollider roomCollider = roomGameObject.GetComponent<BoxCollider>(); roomCollider.isTrigger = true; roomCollider.center = new Vector3(0, this.height / 2, 0); roomCollider.size = new Vector3(action.Room.Width * this.blockSize, this.height, action.Room.Height * this.blockSize); roomGameObject.transform.RotateAroundLocal(roomGameObject.transform.up, Mathf.Deg2Rad * -90 * action.Rotation); } The problem I'm having is that, while the room rotates correctly, but for some reason, the collider isn't rotating with the game object. Here is a screenshot: Any idea on what am I doing wrong?

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• Camera not staying behind model while moving in circle

  - by ChocoMan

  I have a camera behind a model (3rd Person) and I'm having problems KEEPING it behind the model. When I first start my game, you see the back of the model. If the model moves forward, backward or strafe left or right, the camera moves along accordingly. When the model rotates (stationary), the camera rotates accordingly with the model still pointing at the model's back. So far, so good. The problem comes when the player is BOTH moving and rotating at the same time. Take for example a model moving in a circular pattern like running around a track. As the model moves in this motion, the model rotates slightly more with each complete rotation. Eventually, instead of looking at the model's back, eventually you will see the model in a profile view and before you know it, the model's front is facing the camera. And when you stop moving the model, the model stays in that position. So, as long as my model is stationary and rotating in one place, the camera rotates correctly. But as soon as there is any sort movement while rotating, the model is offset by a mysterious increasing amount. How can I keep the camera maintaining the same view no matter how I move AND rotate at the same time? // Rotates model and pitches camera on its own axis public void modelRotMovement(GamePadState pController) { /* For rotating the model left or right. * Camera maintains distance from model * throughout rotation and if model moves * to a new position. */ Yaw = pController.ThumbSticks.Right.X * MathHelper.ToRadians(speedAngleMAX); AddRotation = Quaternion.CreateFromAxisAngle(Vector3.Up, yaw); //AddRotation = Quaternion.CreateFromYawPitchRoll(Yaw, 0, 0); ModelLoad.MRotation *= AddRotation; MOrientation = Matrix.CreateFromQuaternion(ModelLoad.MRotation); Pitch = pController.ThumbSticks.Right.Y * MathHelper.ToRadians(speedAngleMAX); AddPitch = Quaternion.CreateFromAxisAngle(Vector3.Up, pitch); ModelLoad.CRotation *= AddPitch; COrientation = Matrix.CreateFromQuaternion(ModelLoad.CRotation); } // Orbit (yaw) Camera around model public void cameraYaw(float yaw) { Vector3 yawAngle = ModelLoad.CameraPos - ModelLoad.camTarget; Vector3 axisYaw = Vector3.Up; ModelLoad.CameraPos = Vector3.Transform(yawAngle, Matrix.CreateFromAxisAngle(axisYaw, yaw)) + ModelLoad.camTarget; }

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• Rain effect looks like snowfall effect?

  - by Nikhil Lamba

  i am making a game in that game i want rain effect i am little bit far from this right now i am doing like below particleSystem.addParticleInitializer(new ColorInitializer(1, 1, 1)); particleSystem.addParticleInitializer(new AlphaInitializer(0)); particleSystem.setBlendFunction(GL10.GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL10.GL_ONE); particleSystem.addParticleInitializer(new VelocityInitializer(2, 2, 20, 10)); particleSystem.addParticleInitializer(new RotationInitializer(0.0f, 30.0f)); particleSystem.addParticleModifier(new ScaleModifier(1.0f, 2.0f, 0, 150)); particleSystem.addParticleModifier(new ColorModifier(1, 1, 1, 1f, 1, 1, 1, 3)); particleSystem.addParticleModifier(new ColorModifier(1, 1, 1f, 1, 1, 1, 1, 6)); particleSystem.addParticleModifier(new AlphaModifier(0, 1, 0, 3)); particleSystem.addParticleModifier(new AlphaModifier(1, 0, 1, 125)); particleSystem.addParticleModifier(new ExpireModifier(50, 50)); scene.attachChild(particleSystem); But its looks like snowfall effect what changes i can do for make it rain effect please correct me EDIT : here is link for snapshot http://i.imgur.com/bRIMP.png

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• Java - 2d Array Tile Map Collision

  - by Corey

  How would I go about making certain tiles in my array collide with my player? Like say I want every number 2 in the array to collide. I am reading my array from a txt file if that matters and I am using the slick2d library. Here is my code if needed. public class Tiles { Image[] tiles = new Image[3]; int[][] map = new int[500][500]; Image grass, dirt, mound; SpriteSheet tileSheet; int tileWidth = 32; int tileHeight = 32; public void init() throws IOException, SlickException { tileSheet = new SpriteSheet("assets/tiles.png", tileWidth, tileHeight); grass = tileSheet.getSprite(0, 0); dirt = tileSheet.getSprite(7, 7); mound = tileSheet.getSprite(2, 6); tiles[0] = grass; tiles[1] = dirt; tiles[2] = mound; int x=0, y=0; BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("assets/map.txt")); String line; while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) { String[] values = line.split(","); for (String str : values) { int str_int = Integer.parseInt(str); map[x][y]=str_int; //System.out.print(map[x][y] + " "); y=y+1; } //System.out.println(""); x=x+1; y = 0; } in.close(); } public void update() { } public void render(GameContainer gc) { for(int x = 0; x < 50; x++) { for(int y = 0; y < 50; y ++) { int textureIndex = map[y][x]; Image texture = tiles[textureIndex]; texture.draw(x*tileWidth,y*tileHeight); } } } } I tried something like this, but I it doesn't ever "collide". X and y are my player position. if (tiles.map[(int)x/32][(int)y/32] == 2) { System.out.println("Collided"); }

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• Drawing multiple triangles at once isn't working

  - by Deukalion

  I'm trying to draw multiple triangles at once to make up a "shape". I have a class that has an array of VertexPositionColor, an array of Indexes (rendered by this Triangulation class): http://www.xnawiki.com/index.php/Polygon_Triangulation So, my "shape" has multiple points of VertexPositionColor but I can't render each triangle in the shape to "fill" the shape. It only draws the first triangle. struct ShapeColor { // Properties (not all properties) VertexPositionColor[] Points; int[] Indexes; } First method that I've tried, this should work since I iterate through the index array that always are of "3s", so they always contain at least one triangle. //render = ShapeColor for (int i = 0; i < render.Indexes.Length; i += 3) { device.DrawUserIndexedPrimitives<VertexPositionColor> ( PrimitiveType.TriangleList, new VertexPositionColor[] { render.Points[render.Indexes[i]], render.Points[render.Indexes[i+1]], render.Points[render.Indexes[i+2]] }, 0, 3, new int[] { 0, 1, 2 }, 0, 1 ); } or the method that should work: device.DrawUserIndexedPrimitives<VertexPositionColor> ( PrimitiveType.TriangleList, render.Points, 0, render.Points.Length, render.Indexes, 0, render.Indexes.Length / 3, VertexPositionColor.VertexDeclaration ); No matter what method I use this is the "typical" result from my Editor (in Windows Forms with XNA) It should show a filled shape, because the indexes are right (I've checked a dozen of times) I simply click the screen (gets the world coordinates, adds a point from a color, when there are 3 points or more it should start filling out the shape, it only draws the lines (different method) and only 1 triangle). The Grid isn't rendered with "this" shape. Any ideas?

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• Using raw vertex information for sprites rather than SpriteBatch in XNA

  - by The Communist Duck

  I have been wondering whether using SpriteBatch is the best option. Obviously for prototyping or small games it works well. However, I've been wanting to apply techniques such as shaders and lighting to my game. I know you can use shaders to some extent with SpriteSortMode.Immediate, but I'm not sure if you lose power using that. The other major thing is that you cannot store your vertex data in the graphics memory with buffers. In summary, is there an advantage of using VertexTextureNormal (or whatever they're called) structs for vertex data for 2D sprites, or should I stick with SpriteBatch, provided I wish to use shaders?

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• Multiple audio sources on a single gameObject in unity

  - by angryInsomniac

  So, I have an audio system set up wherein I have loaded all my audio clips centrally and play them on demand by passing the requesting audioSource into the sound manager. However, there is a complication wherein if I want to overlay multiple looping sounds, I need to have multiple audio sources on an object, which is fine , so I created two in my script instantiated them and played my clips on them and then the world went crazy. For some reason, when I create two audio Sources in an object only the latest one is ever used, even if I explicitly keep objects separated, playing a clip on one or the other plays the clip on the last one that was created, furthermore, either this last one is not created in the right place or somehow messes with the rolloff rules because I can hear it all across my level, havign just one source works fine, but putting a second one on it causes shit to go batshit insane. Does anyone know the reason / solution for this ? Some pseudocode : guardSoundsSource = (AudioSource)gameObject.AddComponent("AudioSource"); guardSoundsSource.name = "Guard_Sounds_source"; // Setup this source guardThrusterSource = (AudioSource)gameObject.AddComponent("AudioSource"); guardThrusterSource.name = "Guard_Thruster_Source"; // setup this source // play using custom Sound manager soundMan.soundMgr.playOnSource(guardSoundsSource,"Guard_Idle_loop" ,true,GameManager.Manager.PlayerType); // this method prints out the name of the source the sound was to be played on and it always shows "Guard_Thruster_Source" even on the "Guard_Idle_loop" even though I clearly told it to use "Guard_Sounds_source"

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• Simple 2d game pathfinding

  - by Kooi Nam Ng

  So I was trying to implement a simple pathfinding on iOS and but the outcome seems less satisfactory than what I intended to achieve.The thing is units in games like Warcraft and Red Alert move in all direction whereas units in my case only move in at most 8 directions as these 8 directions direct to the next available node.What should I do in order to achieve the result as stated above?Shrink the tile size? The screenshot intended for illustration. Those rocks are the obstacles whereas the both ends of the green path are the starting and end of the path.The red line is the path that I want to achieve. http://i.stack.imgur.com/lr19c.jpg

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• How are bullets simulated in video games?

  - by mahen23

  I have been playing games like MW2 recently and, as a programmer, I tend to ask myself how do they make the game so immersive. For example, how to they simulate bullet speed. When an NPC fires a bullet from his gun, does the bullet really travel from his gun to the given target or do they they completely ignore this part and just put a bullet hole on the target? If the bullet is really travelling from the gun to the target, at what speed is it actually travelling?

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• Fastest way to group units that can see each other?

  - by mac

  In the 2D game I'm working with, the game engine is able to give me, for each unit, the list of other units that are in its view range. I would like to know if there is an established algorithm to sort the units in groups, where each group would be defined by all those units which are "connected" to each other (even through others). An example might help understand the question better (E=enemy, O=own unit). First the data that I would get from the game engine: E1 can see E2, E3, O5 E2 can see E1 E3 can see E1 E4 can see O5 E5 can see O2 E6 can see E7, O9, O1 E7 can see E6 O1 can see E6 O2 can see O5, E5 O5 can see E1, E4, O2 O9 can see E6 Then I should compute the groups as follow: G1 = E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, O2, O5 G2 = O1, O9, E6, E7 It can be safely assumed that there is a transitive property for the field of view: [if A sees B, then B sees A]. Just to clarify: I already wrote a naïve implementation that loops on each row of the game engine info, but from the look of it, it seems a problem general enough for it to have been studied in depth and have various established algorithms (maybe passing through some tree-like structure?). My problem is that I couldn't find a way to describe my problem that returned useful google hits. Thank you in advance for your help!

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• How should I manage persistent score in Game Center leaderboards?

  - by Omega

  Let's say that I'm developing an iOS RPG where the player gains 1 point per monster kill. The amount of monsters killed is persistent data: it is an endless adventure, and the score keeps on growing. It isn't a "session score" like Fruit Ninja, but rather a "reputation score". There are Game Center leaderboards for that score. Keep killing monsters, your score goes up, and the leaderboards are updated. My problem is that, technically, you can log out and log in using a different Game Center account, kill one monster, and the leaderboards will be updated for the new GC account. Supposing that this score is a big deal, this could be considered as cheating, because if you have a score of 2000, any of your friends who have never played the game can simply log into your iPhone, play the game, and the system will update the score for their accounts, essentially giving them 2000 points in the leaderboards for doing nothing. I have considered linking one GC account to a specific save game. It won't update your score unless you're using the linked GC account. But what if the player actually needs to change their GC account? Technically they would be forced to start a new game and link their account to that profile. How should I prevent this kind of cheat? Essentially, I don't want someone to distribute a high schore to multiple GC accounts, given the fact that the game updates the score constantly since it isn't a "session score". I do realize that it isn't quite a big deal. But I'm curious about how to avoid this.

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• What are the benefits of designing a KeyBinding relay?

  - by Adam Naylor

  The input system of Quake3 is handled using a Keybinding relay, whereby each keypress is matched against a 'binding' which is then passed to the CLI along with a time stamp of when the keypress (or release) occurred. I just wanted to get an idea from developers what they considered to be the key benefits of designing your input system around this approach? One thing i don't particularly like is the appending of the timestamp to the bound command. This seems like a bit of a hack to bend the CLI into handling the games input? Also I feel that detecting the keypress only to add the command to a stream of text that gets parsed at a later date to be a slightly latent way of responding to input? (or is this unfounded?) The only real benefit i can see is that it allows you to bind 'complex' commands to keypresses; like 'switch weapon;+fire;' for example. Or maybe for journaling purposes? Thanks for any insights!

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• OpenGL-ES: clearing the alpha of the FrameBufferObject

  - by MrDatabase

  This question is a follow-up to Texture artifacts on iPad How does one "clear the alpha of the render texture frameBufferObject"? I've searched around here, StackOverflow and various search engines but no luck. I've tried a few things... for example calling GlClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT) at the beginning of my render loop... but it doesn't seem to make a difference. Any help is appreciated since I'm still new to OpenGL. Cheers! p.s. I read on SO and in Apple's documentation that GlClear should always be called at the beginning of the renderLoop. Agree? Disagree? Here's where I read this: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2538662/how-does-glclear-improve-performance

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• How can I fade something to clear instead of white?

  - by Raven Dreamer

  I've got an XNA game which essentially has "floating combat text": short-lived messages that display for a fraction of a second and then disappear. I've recently added a gradual "fade-away" effect, like so: public void Update() { color.A -= 10; position.X += 3; if (color.A <= 10) isDead = true; } Where color is the Color int the message displays as. This works as expected, however, it fades the messages to white, which is very noticeable on my indigo background. Is there some way to fade it to transparent, rather than white? Lerp-ing towards the background color isn't an option, as there's a possibility there will be something between the text and the background, which would simply be the inverse of the current problem.

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• Slick2D - Entities and rendering

  - by Zarkopafilis

  I have been trying to create my very first game for quite a while, followed some tutorials and stuff, but I am stuck at creating my entity system. I have made a class that extends the Entity class and here it is: public class Lazer extends Entity{//Just say that it is some sort of bullet private Play p;//Play class(State) private float x; private float y; private int direction; public Lazer(Play p, float x , float y, int direction){ this.p = p; this.x = x; this.y = y; this.direction = direction; p.ent.add(this); } public int getDirection(){ return direction; //this one specifies what value will be increased (x/y) at update } public float getX(){ return x; } public float getY(){ return y; } public void setY(float y){ this.y = y; } public void setX(float x){ this.x = x; } } The class seems pretty good , after speding some hours googling what would be the right thing. Now, on my Play class. I cant figure out how to draw them. (I have added them to an arraylist) On the update method , I update the lazers based on their direction: public void moveLazers(int delta){ for(int i=0;i<ent.size();i++){ Lazer l = ent.get(i); if(l.getDirection() == 1){ l.setX(l.getX() + delta * .1f); }else if(l.getDirection() == 2){ l.setX(l.getX() - delta * .1f); }else if(l.getDirection() == 3){ l.setY(l.getY() + delta * .1f); }else if(l.getDirection() == 4){ l.setY(l.getY() - delta * .1f); } } } Now , I am stuck at the render method. Anyway , is this the correct way of doing this or do I need to change stuff? Also I need to know if collision detection needs to be in the update method. Thanks in advance ~ Teo Ntakouris

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• Stage3D: Camera pans the whole screen

  - by Thomas Versteeg

  I am trying to create a 2D Stage3D game where you can move the camera around the level in an RTS style. I thought about using Orthographic Matrix3D functions for this but when I try to scroll the whole "stage" also scrolls. This is the Camera code: public function Camera2D(width:int, height:int, zoom:Number = 1) { resize(width, height); _zoom = zoom; } public function resize(width:Number, height:Number):void { _width = width; _height = height; _projectionMatrix = makeMatrix(0, width, 0, height); _recalculate = true; } protected function makeMatrix(left:Number, right:Number, top:Number, bottom:Number, zNear:Number = 0, zFar:Number = 1):Matrix3D { return new Matrix3D(Vector.<Number>([ 2 / (right - left), 0, 0, 0, 0, 2 / (top - bottom), 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 / (zFar - zNear), 0, 0, 0, zNear / (zNear - zFar), 1 ])); } public function get viewMatrix():Matrix3D { if (_recalculate) { _recalculate = false; _viewMatrix.identity(); _viewMatrix.appendTranslation( -_width / 2 - _x, -_height / 2 - y, 0); _viewMatrix.appendScale(_zoom, _zoom, 1); _renderMatrix.identity(); _renderMatrix.append(_viewMatrix); _renderMatrix.append(_projectionMatrix); } return _renderMatrix; } And the camera is send directly to the GPU with: c3d.setProgramConstantsFromMatrix(Context3DProgramType.VERTEX, 0, cameraMatrix, true); And these are the shaders: ------Vertex Shader------ m44 op, va0, vc0 mov v0, va1.xy mov v0.z, va0.z ------Fragment Shader------ tex ft0, v0, fs0 <2d,linear,nomip> mov oc, ft1 Here is a example and here are two screenshots to show what I mean: How do I only let the inside of the stage3D scroll and not the whole stage?

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• Keeping Aspect Screen Ration While Stays in Center

  - by David Dimalanta

  I sqw and I tried this suggestion on PISTACHIO BRAINSTORMIN* on how to make a good and adaptive screen ration. For every different screen size, let's say I put the perfect circle as a Texture in LibGDX and played it on screen. Here's the blueberry image example and it's perfectly rounded: When I played it on the Google Nexus 7, the circle turn into a slightly oblonng shape, resembling as it was being flatten a bit. Please observe this snapshot below and you can see the blueberry is almost but slightly not perfectly rounded: Now, when I tried the suggested code for aspect ratio, the perfect circle retained but another problem is occured. The problem is that I expecting for a view on center but instead it's been moved to the right offset leaving with a half black screen. This would be look like this: Here is my code using the suggested screen aspect ratio code: Class' Field // Ingredients Needed for Screen Aspect Ratio private static final int VIRTUAL_WIDTH = 720; private static final int VIRTUAL_HEIGHT = 1280; private static final float ASPECT_RATIO = ((float) VIRTUAL_WIDTH)/((float) VIRTUAL_HEIGHT); private Camera Mother_Camera; private Rectangle Viewport; render() // Camera updating... Mother_Camera.update(); Mother_Camera.apply(Gdx.gl10); // Reseting viewport... Gdx.gl.glViewport((int) Viewport.x, (int) Viewport.y, (int) Viewport.width, (int) Viewport.height); // Clear previous frame. Gdx.gl.glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 1); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); show() Mother_Camera = new OrthographicCamera(VIRTUAL_WIDTH, VIRTUAL_HEIGHT); Was this code useful for screen aspect ratio-proportion fixing or it is statically dependent on actual device's width and height? *see http://blog.acamara.es/2012/02/05/keep-screen-aspect-ratio-with-different-resolutions-using-libgdx/#comment-317

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• Workflow with Flash Pro CS6 and FlashDevelop: Using fla and swc to store assets

  - by Arthur Wulf White

  I am using this tutorial: http://www.flashdevelop.org/wikidocs/index.php?title=AS3:FlexAndFlashCS3Workflow In the past older versions of Flash Pro I was able to complete these steps: right-click on the symbol in the Library panel, select "Linkage..." dialog, check "Export for ActionScript" and fill in the symbol name (ie. MySymbol_design or assets.MySymbol_design), do not change the base class (ie. flash.display.MovieClip). Right now, I am stuck at that part. Any hints? What I wish to do is: Use fla for the artist to store assets. Publish to swc Extract the assets in FlashDevelop by creating an instance of their class. ... How is this done in CS6? To clear things up, this is what I see when I right click a Flash symbol:

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• Optimization and Saving/Loading

  - by MrPlosion1243

  I'm developing a 2D tile based game and I have a few questions regarding it. First I would like to know if this is the correct way to structure my Tile class: namespace TileGame.Engine { public enum TileType { Air, Stone } class Tile { TileType type; bool collidable; static Tile air = new Tile(TileType.Air); static Tile stone = new Tile(TileType.Stone); public Tile(TileType type) { this.type = type; collidable = true; } } } With this method I just say world[y, x] = Tile.Stone and this seems right to me but I'm not a very experienced coder and would like assistance. Now the reason I doubt this so much is because I like everything to be as optimized as possible and there is a major flaw in this that I need help overcoming. It has to do with saving and loading... well more on loading actually. The way it's done relies on the principle of casting an enumeration into a byte which gives you the corresponding number where its declared in the enumeration. Each TileType is cast as a byte and written out to a file. So TileType.Air would appear as 0 and TileType.Stone would appear as 1 in the file (well in byte form obviously). Loading in the file is alot different though because I can't just loop through all the bytes in the file cast them as a TileType and assign it: for(int x = 0; x < size.X; x++) { for(int y = 0; y < size.Y; y+) { world[y, x].Type = (TileType)byteReader.ReadByte(); } } This just wont work presumably because I have to actually say world[y, x] = Tile.Stone as apposed to world[y, x].Type = TileType.Stone. In order to be able to say that I need a gigantic switch case statement (I only have 2 tiles but you could imagine what it would look like with hundreds): Tile tile; for(int x = 0; x < size.X; x++) { for(int y = 0; y < size.Y; y+) { switch(byteReader.ReadByte()){ case 0: tile = Tile.Air; break; case 1: tile = Tile.Stone; break; } world[y, x] = tile; } } Now you can see how unoptimized this is and I don't know what to do. I would really just like to cast the byte as a TileType and use that but as said before I have to say world[y, x] = Tile.whatever and TileType can't be used this way. So what should I do? I would imagine I need to restructure my Tile class to fit the requirements but I don't know how I would do that. Please help! Thanks.

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• XAudio2 - Multiple instances of the same sound

  - by Boreal

  Right now, I'm adding a rudimentary sound engine to my game. So far, I am able to load in a WAV file and play it once, then free up the memory when I close the game. However, the game crashes with a nice ArgumentOutOfBoundsException when I try to play another sound instance. Specified argument was out of the range of valid values. Parameter name: readLength I'm following this tutorial pretty much exactly, but I still keep getting the aforementioned error. Here's my sound-related code. http://pastebin.com/FgaqfXTs The exception occurs on line 156 when I am playing the sound: source.SubmitSourceBuffer(buffer);

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• Stack Overflow Error

  - by dylanisawesome1

  I recently created a recursive cave algorithm, and would like to have more extensive caves, but get a stack overflow after re-cursing a couple times. Any advice? Here's my code: for(int i=0;i<100;i++) { int rand = new Random().nextInt(100); if(rand<=20) { if(curtile.bounds.y-40>500+new Random().nextInt(20)) digDirection(Direction.UP); } if(rand<=40 && rand>20) { if(curtile.bounds.y+40<m.height) digDirection(Direction.DOWN); } if(rand<=60 && rand>40) { if(curtile.bounds.x-40>0) digDirection(Direction.LEFT); } if(rand<=80 && rand>60) { if(curtile.bounds.x+40<m.width) digDirection(Direction.RIGHT); } } } public void digDirection(Direction d) { if(new Random().nextInt(100)<=10) { new Miner(curtile, map); // try { // Thread.sleep(2); // } catch (InterruptedException e) { // // TODO Auto-generated catch block // e.printStackTrace(); // } //Tried this to avoid stack overflow. Didn't work. }

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• How do you structure a 2D level format with collisions etc. in Java (Slick 2D)?

  - by liamzebedee

  I am developing a game in Java. 2D Fighter, Kind of like the 2d flash game Raze(http://armorgames.com/play/5395/raze). I currently am using the Slick 2D game library and am researching how to structure my levels. I am currently stuck on the problem of the level format(e.g. file format). How do you structure a 2d level with collisions etc.? Level Notes: Will go up down left right NOTE: New to gamedev

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• How do I get FEATURE_LEVEL_9_3 to work with shaders in Direct3D11?

  - by Dominic

  Currently I'm going through some tutorials and learning DX11 on a DX10 machine (though I just ordered a new DX11 compatible computer) by means of setting the D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_ setting to 10_0 and switching the vertex and pixel shader versions in D3DX11CompileFromFile to "vs_4_0" and "ps_4_0" respectively. This works fine as I'm not using any DX11-only features yet. I'd like to make it compatible with DX9.0c, which naively I thought I could do by changing the feature level setting to 9_3 or something and taking the vertex/pixel shader versions down to 3 or 2. However, no matter what I change the vertex/pixel shader versions to, it always fails when I try to call D3DX11CompileFromFile to compile the vertex/pixel shader files when I have D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_3 enabled. Maybe this is due to the the vertex/pixel shader files themselves being incompatible for the lower vertex/pixel shader versions, but I'm not expert enough to say. My shader files are listed below: Vertex shader: cbuffer MatrixBuffer { matrix worldMatrix; matrix viewMatrix; matrix projectionMatrix; }; struct VertexInputType { float4 position : POSITION; float2 tex : TEXCOORD0; float3 normal : NORMAL; }; struct PixelInputType { float4 position : SV_POSITION; float2 tex : TEXCOORD0; float3 normal : NORMAL; }; PixelInputType LightVertexShader(VertexInputType input) { PixelInputType output; // Change the position vector to be 4 units for proper matrix calculations. input.position.w = 1.0f; // Calculate the position of the vertex against the world, view, and projection matrices. output.position = mul(input.position, worldMatrix); output.position = mul(output.position, viewMatrix); output.position = mul(output.position, projectionMatrix); // Store the texture coordinates for the pixel shader. output.tex = input.tex; // Calculate the normal vector against the world matrix only. output.normal = mul(input.normal, (float3x3)worldMatrix); // Normalize the normal vector. output.normal = normalize(output.normal); return output; } Pixel Shader: Texture2D shaderTexture; SamplerState SampleType; cbuffer LightBuffer { float4 ambientColor; float4 diffuseColor; float3 lightDirection; float padding; }; struct PixelInputType { float4 position : SV_POSITION; float2 tex : TEXCOORD0; float3 normal : NORMAL; }; float4 LightPixelShader(PixelInputType input) : SV_TARGET { float4 textureColor; float3 lightDir; float lightIntensity; float4 color; // Sample the pixel color from the texture using the sampler at this texture coordinate location. textureColor = shaderTexture.Sample(SampleType, input.tex); // Set the default output color to the ambient light value for all pixels. color = ambientColor; // Invert the light direction for calculations. lightDir = -lightDirection; // Calculate the amount of light on this pixel. lightIntensity = saturate(dot(input.normal, lightDir)); if(lightIntensity > 0.0f) { // Determine the final diffuse color based on the diffuse color and the amount of light intensity. color += (diffuseColor * lightIntensity); } // Saturate the final light color. color = saturate(color); // Multiply the texture pixel and the final diffuse color to get the final pixel color result. color = color * textureColor; return color; }

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• Using Event Driven Programming in games, when is it beneficial?

  - by Arthur Wulf White

  I am learning ActionScript 3 and I see the Event flow adheres to the W3C recommendations. From what I learned events can only be captured by the dispatcher unless, the listener capturing the event is a DisplayObject on stage and a parent of the object firing the event. You can capture the events in the capture(before) or bubbling(after) phase depending on Listner and Event setup you use. Does this system lend itself well for game programming? When is this system useful? Could you give an example of a case where using events is a lot better than going without them? Are they somehow better for performance in games? Please do not mention events you must use to get a game running, like Event.ENTER_FRAME Or events that are required to get input from the user like, KeyboardEvent.KEY_DOWN and MouseEvent.CLICK. I am asking if there is any use in firing events that have nothing to do with user input, frame rendering and the likes(that are necessary). I am referring to cases where objects are communicating. Is this used to avoid storing a collection of objects that are on the stage? Thanks Here is some code I wrote as an example of event behavior in ActionScript 3, enjoy. package regression { import flash.display.Shape; import flash.display.Sprite; import flash.events.Event; import flash.events.EventDispatcher; import flash.events.KeyboardEvent; import flash.events.MouseEvent; import flash.events.EventPhase; /** * ... * @author ... */ public class Check_event_listening_1 extends Sprite { public const EVENT_DANCE : String = "dance"; public const EVENT_PLAY : String = "play"; public const EVENT_YELL : String = "yell"; private var baby : Shape = new Shape(); private var mom : Sprite = new Sprite(); private var stranger : EventDispatcher = new EventDispatcher(); public function Check_event_listening_1() { if (stage) init(); else addEventListener(Event.ADDED_TO_STAGE, init); } private function init(e:Event = null):void { trace("test begun"); addChild(mom); mom.addChild(baby); stage.addEventListener(EVENT_YELL, onEvent); this.addEventListener(EVENT_YELL, onEvent); mom.addEventListener(EVENT_YELL, onEvent); baby.addEventListener(EVENT_YELL, onEvent); stranger.addEventListener(EVENT_YELL, onEvent); trace("\nTest1 - Stranger yells with no bubbling"); stranger.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_YELL, false)); trace("\nTest2 - Stranger yells with bubbling"); stranger.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_YELL, true)); stage.addEventListener(EVENT_PLAY, onEvent); this.addEventListener(EVENT_PLAY, onEvent); mom.addEventListener(EVENT_PLAY, onEvent); baby.addEventListener(EVENT_PLAY, onEvent); stranger.addEventListener(EVENT_PLAY, onEvent); trace("\nTest3 - baby plays with no bubbling"); baby.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_PLAY, false)); trace("\nTest4 - baby plays with bubbling"); baby.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_PLAY, true)); trace("\nTest5 - baby plays with bubbling but is not a child of mom"); mom.removeChild(baby); baby.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_PLAY, true)); mom.addChild(baby); stage.addEventListener(EVENT_DANCE, onEvent, true); this.addEventListener(EVENT_DANCE, onEvent, true); mom.addEventListener(EVENT_DANCE, onEvent, true); baby.addEventListener(EVENT_DANCE, onEvent); trace("\nTest6 - Mom dances without bubbling - everyone is listening during capture phase(not target and bubble phase)"); mom.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_DANCE, false)); trace("\nTest7 - Mom dances with bubbling - everyone is listening during capture phase(not target and bubble phase)"); mom.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_DANCE, true)); } private function onEvent(e : Event):void { trace("Event was captured"); trace("\nTYPE : ", e.type, "\nTARGET : ", objToName(e.target), "\nCURRENT TARGET : ", objToName(e.currentTarget), "\nPHASE : ", phaseToString(e.eventPhase)); } private function phaseToString(phase : int):String { switch(phase) { case EventPhase.AT_TARGET : return "TARGET"; case EventPhase.BUBBLING_PHASE : return "BUBBLING"; case EventPhase.CAPTURING_PHASE : return "CAPTURE"; default: return "UNKNOWN"; } } private function objToName(obj : Object):String { if (obj == stage) return "STAGE"; else if (obj == this) return "MAIN"; else if (obj == mom) return "Mom"; else if (obj == baby) return "Baby"; else if (obj == stranger) return "Stranger"; else return "Unknown" } } } /*result : test begun Test1 - Stranger yells with no bubbling Event was captured TYPE : yell TARGET : Stranger CURRENT TARGET : Stranger PHASE : TARGET Test2 - Stranger yells with bubbling Event was captured TYPE : yell TARGET : Stranger CURRENT TARGET : Stranger PHASE : TARGET Test3 - baby plays with no bubbling Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : Baby PHASE : TARGET Test4 - baby plays with bubbling Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : Baby PHASE : TARGET Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : Mom PHASE : BUBBLING Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : MAIN PHASE : BUBBLING Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : STAGE PHASE : BUBBLING Test5 - baby plays with bubbling but is not a child of mom Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : Baby PHASE : TARGET Test6 - Mom dances without bubbling - everyone is listening during capture phase(not target and bubble phase) Event was captured TYPE : dance TARGET : Mom CURRENT TARGET : STAGE PHASE : CAPTURE Event was captured TYPE : dance TARGET : Mom CURRENT TARGET : MAIN PHASE : CAPTURE Test7 - Mom dances with bubbling - everyone is listening during capture phase(not target and bubble phase) Event was captured TYPE : dance TARGET : Mom CURRENT TARGET : STAGE PHASE : CAPTURE Event was captured TYPE : dance TARGET : Mom CURRENT TARGET : MAIN PHASE : CAPTURE */

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