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  • a package for kruskal-wallis that shows pairwise comparison details

    - by dalloliogm
    The standard stats::kruskal.test module allows to calculate the kruskal-wallis test on a dataset: >>> data(diamonds) >>> kruskal.test.test(price~carat, data=diamonds) Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test data: price by carat by color Kruskal-Wallis chi-squared = 50570.15, df = 272, p-value < 2.2e-16 this is fine, it is giving me the probability that all the groups in the data have the same mean. However, I would like to have the details per each pair comparison, like if diamonds of colors D and E have the same mean price, as some other softwares (SPSS) do when you ask for a Kruskal test. I have found kruskalmc from the package pgirmess which allows me to do what I want to do: > kruskalmc(diamonds$price, diamonds$color) Multiple comparison test after Kruskal-Wallis p.value: 0.05 Comparisons obs.dif critical.dif difference D-E 571.7459 747.4962 FALSE D-F 2237.4309 751.5684 TRUE D-G 2643.1778 726.9854 TRUE D-H 4539.4392 774.4809 TRUE D-I 6002.6286 862.0150 TRUE D-J 8077.2871 1061.7451 TRUE E-F 2809.1767 680.4144 TRUE E-G 3214.9237 653.1587 TRUE E-H 5111.1851 705.6410 TRUE E-I 6574.3744 800.7362 TRUE E-J 8649.0330 1012.6260 TRUE F-G 405.7470 657.8152 FALSE F-H 2302.0083 709.9533 TRUE F-I 3765.1977 804.5390 TRUE F-J 5839.8562 1015.6357 TRUE G-H 1896.2614 683.8760 TRUE G-I 3359.4507 781.6237 TRUE G-J 5434.1093 997.5813 TRUE H-I 1463.1894 825.9834 TRUE H-J 3537.8479 1032.7058 TRUE I-J 2074.6585 1099.8776 TRUE However, this package only allows for one categoric variable (e.g. I can't study the prices clustered by color and by carat, as I can do with kruskal.test), and I don't know anything about the pgirmess package, whether it is maintained or not, or if it is tested.

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  • IE problem: keyboard interaction with checkbox

    - by Bobby Eickhoff
    I have an HTML table, and each row has a checkbox for selecting or deselecting its row. Whenever a checkbox changes value, I need to add or remove highlighting to the row and also ensure that the page's submit button is only enabled when at least one row is selected and disabled otherwise. The checkbox event handler is defined by the following function: function getCheckboxCallback() { return function () { var parentRow = getParentRow(this); if (!parentRow) { return; // No parent row found; abort } // Adjust the appearance of the row setSelected(parentRow, this.checked); // Count the number of selected table rows, and disable the submit // button whenever no rows are selected enforceInvariants(); return true; }; } Elsewhere in the same module, the checkboxes are given the event handlers: checkbox.onchange = getCheckboxCallback(); checkbox.onclick = getCheckboxCallback(); // alleged IE fix I'm working in Windows XP, and everything works fine in both Firefox 3 and Opera 9. However, IE 7 does not handle keyboard interaction well (mouse interaction works fine). The problem is that if a checkbox has the focus and I hit the spacebar, the checkbox doesn't get checked -- instead it gets half checked (it has the same shadowed appearance that it would get immediately after a mousedown). I have to press the spacebar a second time to actually check the box. Similarly, it requires two key presses to uncheck it. Oddly enough, if I hold down the spacebar for a few moments, then a single press works as expected. Can anyone explain what is going on here? Is there something I'm doing wrong in the JavaScript code that is causing this behavior? How can I fix this?

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  • How to write a custom solution using a python package, modules etc

    - by morpheous
    I am writing a packacge foobar which consists of the modules alice, bob, charles and david. From my understanding of Python packages and modules, this means I will create a folder foobar, with the following subdirectories and files (please correct if I am wrong) foobar/ __init__.py alice/alice.py bob/bob.py charles/charles.py david/david.py The package should be executable, so that in addition to making the modules alice, bob etc available as 'libraries', I should also be able to use foobar in a script like this: python foobar --args=someargs Question1: Can a package be made executable and used in a script like I described above? Question 2 The various modules will use code that I want to refactor into a common library. Does that mean creating a new sub directory 'foobar/common' and placing common.py in that folder? Question 3 How will the modules foo import the common module ? Is it 'from foobar import common' or can I not use this since these modules are part of the package? Question 4 I want to add logic for when the foobar package is being used in a script (assuming this can be done - I have only seen it done for modules) The code used is something like: if __name__ == "__main__": dosomething() where (in which file) would I put this logic ?

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  • django+mod_wsgi on virtualenv not working

    - by jwesonga
    I've just finished setting up a django app on virtualenv, deployment went smoothly using a fabric script, but now the .wsgi is not working, I've tried every variation on the internet but no luck. My .wsgi file is: import os import sys import django.core.handlers.wsgi # put the Django project on sys.path root_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__) + '../') sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(root_path, 'kcdf')) sys.path.insert(0, root_path) os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'kcdf.settings' application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler() I keep getting the same error: [Sun Apr 18 12:44:30 2010] [error] [client 41.215.123.159] mod_wsgi (pid=16938): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/home/kcdfweb/webapps/kcdf.web/releases/current/kcdf/apache/kcdf.wsgi'. [Sun Apr 18 12:44:30 2010] [error] [client 41.215.123.159] Traceback (most recent call last): [Sun Apr 18 12:44:30 2010] [error] [client 41.215.123.159] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 230, in __call__ [Sun Apr 18 12:44:30 2010] [error] [client 41.215.123.159] self.load_middleware() [Sun Apr 18 12:44:30 2010] [error] [client 41.215.123.159] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 33, in load_middleware [Sun Apr 18 12:44:30 2010] [error] [client 41.215.123.159] for middleware_path in settings.MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES: [Sun Apr 18 12:44:30 2010] [error] [client 41.215.123.159] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 269, in __getattr__ [Sun Apr 18 12:44:30 2010] [error] [client 41.215.123.159] self._setup() [Sun Apr 18 12:44:30 2010] [error] [client 41.215.123.159] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 40, in _setup [Sun Apr 18 12:44:30 2010] [error] [client 41.215.123.159] self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module) [Sun Apr 18 12:44:30 2010] [error] [client 41.215.123.159] File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 75, in __init__ [Sun Apr 18 12:44:30 2010] [error] [client 41.215.123.159] raise ImportError, "Could not import settings '%s' (Is it on sys.path? Does it have syntax errors?): %s" % (self.SETTINGS_MODULE, e) [Sun Apr 18 12:44:30 2010] [error] [client 41.215.123.159] ImportError: Could not import settings 'kcdf.settings' (Is it on sys.path? Does it have syntax errors?): No module named kcdf.settings my virtual environment is on /home/user/webapps/kcdfweb my app is /home/user/webapps/kcdf.web/releases/current/project_name my wsgi file home/user/webapps/kcdf.web/releases/current/project_name/apache/project_name.wsgi

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  • How to rename an existing Grails application

    - by Johan Pelgrim
    Hi there, Does anybody know how to (easily) "rename" an existing grails application? I'm running into this because my PaaS provider does not allow me to delete a subscription... So I want to deploy my application under a different name. Of course, I can do this manually, but I think it might be a useful 'top-level' script (i.e. "grails rename-app newappname") Manual hints: When I do a "grails create-app myappname" I can see the myappname exists in the following files (and filenames)... Of course this is done by the create-app script, which replaces @...@ tokens in the template. I guess once they are replaced, it's not trivial to do a rename. ./.project: <name>myappname</name> ./application.properties:app.name=myappname ./build.xml:<project xmlns:ivy="antlib:org.apache.ivy.ant" name="myappname" default="test"> ./ivy.xml: <info organisation="org.example" module="myappname"/> ./myappname-test.launch:<stringAttribute key="org.eclipse.jdt.launching.PROJECT_ATTR" value="myappname"/> ./myappname.launch:<listEntry value="/myappname"/> ./myappname.launch:<listEntry value="<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <runtimeClasspathEntry containerPath="org.eclipse.jdt.launching.JRE_CONTAINER" javaProject="myappname" path="1" type="4"/> "/> ./myappname.launch:<stringAttribute key="org.eclipse.jdt.launching.PROJECT_ATTR" value="myappname"/> ./myappname.launch:<stringAttribute key="org.eclipse.jdt.launching.VM_ARGUMENTS" value="-Dbase.dir="${project_loc:myappname}" -Dserver.port=8080 -Dgrails.env=development"/> ./myappname.tmproj: <string>myappname.launch</string> And of course... the top-level directory name is "myappname" Any hints, or information about ongoing initiatives in this area are welcome Greetz, Johan

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  • Multhreading in Java

    - by Vijay Selvaraj
    I'm working with core java and IBM Websphere MQ 6.0. We have a standalone module say DBcomponent that hits the database and fetches a resultset based on the runtime query. The query is passed to the application via MQ messaging medium. We have a trigger configured for the queue which invokes the DBComponent whenever a message is available in the queue. The DBComponent consumes the message, constructs the query and returns the resultset to another queue. In this overall process we use log4j to log statements on a log file for auditing. The connection is pooled to the database using Apache pool. I am trying to check whether the log messages are logged correctly using a sample program. The program places the input message to the queue and checks for the logs in the log file. Its expected for the trigger method invocation to complete before i try to check for the message in log file, but every time my program to check for log message gets executed first leading my check to failure. Even if i introduce a Thread.sleep(time) doesn't solves the case. How can i make it to keep my method execution waiting until the trigger operation completes? Any suggestion will be helpful.

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  • whats wrong with this ruby hash?

    - by yaya3
    I'm pretty new to ruby, I keep getting the following error: in gem_original_require': ./helpers/navigation.rb:28: odd number list for Hash (SyntaxError) Any help appreciated... module Sinatra::Navigation def navigation @navigation nav = { primary[0] = { :title => "cheddar", :active => false, :children => { { :title => "cheese", :active => false }, { :title => "ham", :active => false } } }, primary[1] = { :title => "gorgonzola", :active => false, :children => { { :title => "What is the cheese?", :active => false }, { :title => "What cheese", :active => false }, { :title => "What does the cheese tell us?", :active => false, :children => { { :title => "Cheessus", :active => false }, { :title => "The impact of different cheeses / characteristics for cheese in relation to CHSE outcomes", :active => false } } } } } }

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  • Problem with python urllib

    - by mudder
    I'm getting an error when ever I try to pull down a web page with urllib.urlopen. I've disabled windows firewall and my AV so its not that. I can access the pages in my browser. I even reinstalled python to rule out it being a broken urllib. Any help would be greatly appreciated. >>> import urllib >>> h = urllib.urlopen("http://www.google.com").read() Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#1>", line 1, in <module> h = urllib.urlopen("http://www.google.com").read() File "C:\Python26\lib\urllib.py", line 86, in urlopen return opener.open(url) File "C:\Python26\lib\urllib.py", line 205, in open return getattr(self, name)(url) File "C:\Python26\lib\urllib.py", line 344, in open_http h.endheaders() File "C:\Python26\lib\httplib.py", line 904, in endheaders self._send_output() File "C:\Python26\lib\httplib.py", line 776, in _send_output self.send(msg) File "C:\Python26\lib\httplib.py", line 735, in send self.connect() File "C:\Python26\lib\httplib.py", line 716, in connect self.timeout) File "C:\Python26\lib\socket.py", line 514, in create_connection raise error, msg IOError: [Errno socket error] [Errno 10061] No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it >>>

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  • ZF2: How to get Zend\Navigation inside custom router?

    - by Katan87
    I have custom router and I have to get access to Zend\Navigation inside this custom router. I was googling, asking and searching and no results :/ All I need is to find nodes with 'link' param using Zend\Navigation in my AliasSegment::match function. Here is my module.config.php: 'navigation' => array( // The DefaultNavigationFactory we configured in (1) uses 'default' as the sitemap key 'default' => array( // And finally, here is where we define our page hierarchy 'account' => array( 'label' => 'Account', 'route' => 'node', 'pages' => array( 'home' => array( 'label' => 'Dashboard', 'route' => 'node', 'params' => array( 'id' => '1', 'link' => '/about/gallery' ), ), 'login' => array( 'label' => 'Sign In', 'route' => 'node', 'params' => array( 'id' => '1', 'link' => '/signin' ), ), 'logout' => array( 'label' => 'Sign Out', 'route' => 'node', ), ), ), ), ), [...] 'service_manager' => array( 'factories' => array( 'translator' => 'Zend\I18n\Translator\TranslatorServiceFactory', 'Navigation' => 'Zend\Navigation\Service\DefaultNavigationFactory', ), ), [...] And here is my AliasSegment class: namespace Application\Controller; use Traversable; use Zend\Mvc\Router\Exception; use Zend\Stdlib\ArrayUtils; use Zend\Stdlib\RequestInterface as Request; use Zend\Mvc\Router\Http; class AliasSegment extends \Zend\Mvc\Router\Http\Segment { public function match(Request $request, $pathOffset = null) { //Here i need to have access to Zend\Navigation return parent::match($request, $pathOffset); } }

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  • Posting forms to a 404 + HttpHandler in IIS7: why has all POST data gone missing?

    - by Rahul
    OK, this might sound a bit confusing and complicated, so bear with me. We've written a framework that allows us to define friendly URLs. If you surf to any arbitrary URL, IIS tries to display a 404 error (or, in some cases, 403;14 or 405). However, IIS is set up so that anything directed to those specific errors is sent to an .aspx file. This allows us to implement an HttpHandler to handle the request and do stuff, which involves finding the an associated template and then executing whatever's associated with it. Now, this all works in IIS 5 and 6 and, to an extent, on IIS7 - but for one catch, which happens when you post a form. See, when you post a form to a non-existent URL, IIS says "ah, but that url doesn't exist" and throws a 405 "method not allowed" error. Since we're telling IIS to redirect those errors to our .aspx page and therefore handling it with our HttpHandler, this normally isn't a problem. But as of IIS7, all POST information has gone missing after being redirected to the 405. And so you can no longer do the most trivial of things involving forms. To solve this we've tried using a HttpModule, which preserves POST data but appears to not have an initialized Session at the right time (when it's needed). We also tried using a HttpModule for all requests, not just the missing requests that hit 404/403;14/405, but that means stuff like images, css, js etc are being handled by .NET code, which is terribly inefficient. Which brings me to the actual question: has anyone ever encountered this, and does anyone have any advice or know what to do to get things working again? So far someone has suggested using Microsoft's own URL Rewriting module. Would this help solve our problem? Thanks.

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  • Flexible CMS for non-programmers

    - by Bunkerbewohner
    Hello! I'm looking for a content management system that allows creating single pages out of predefined blocks flexibly. For example I have a "product" block that is used to show producs on a page and it may appear numerous times on one page with different contents. But I also might wanna use it on different pages. Also I have simply generic blocks like multiple column text blocks (1 col, 2 col etc.) where I just want to insert this kind of structure into the page and enter any text. So I'm looking for a cms with someething like a building block / module concept for contents. I'm already searching the web but there are so many CMSs that I can't look into every one. So if anyone knows a solution that might be right for me, please tell me! Technology-wise it just has to run on Linux. If it's OpenSource / free that's great, but I might also pay for it, if it offers the features I want. Thanks for any hints in advance!

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  • Use the output of logs in the execution of a program

    - by myle
    When I try to create a specific object, the program crashes. However, I use a module (mechanize) which logs useful information just before the crash. If I had somehow this information available I could avoid it. Is there any way to use the information which is logged (when I use the function set_debug_redirects) during the normal execution of the program? Just to be a bit more specific, I try to emulate the login behavior in a webpage. The program crashes because it can't handle a specific Following HTTP-EQUIV=REFRESH to <omitted_url>. Given this url, which is available in the logs but not as part of the exception which is thrown, I could visit this page and complete successfully the login process. Any other suggestions that may solve the problem are welcomed. It follows the code so far. SERVICE_LOGIN_BOX_URL = "https://www.google.com/accounts/ServiceLoginBox?service=adsense&ltmpl=login&ifr=true&rm=hide&fpui=3&nui=15&alwf=true&passive=true&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fadsense%2Flogin-box-gaiaauth&followup=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fadsense%2Flogin-box-gaiaauth&hl=en_US" def init_browser(): # Browser br = mechanize.Browser() # Cookie Jar cj = cookielib.LWPCookieJar() br.set_cookiejar(cj) # Browser options br.set_handle_equiv(True) br.set_handle_gzip(False) br.set_handle_redirect(True) br.set_handle_referer(True) br.set_handle_robots(True) br.set_handle_refresh(mechanize._http.HTTPRefreshProcessor(), max_time=30.0, honor_time=False) # Want debugging messages? #br.set_debug_http(True) br.set_debug_redirects(True) #br.set_debug_responses(True) return br def adsense_login(login, password): br = init_browser() r = br.open(SERVICE_LOGIN_BOX_URL) html = r.read() # Select the first (index zero) form br.select_form(nr=0) br.form['Email'] = login br.form['Passwd'] = password br.submit() req = br.click_link(text='click here to continue') try: # this is where it crashes br.open(req) except HTTPError, e: sys.exit("post failed: %d: %s" % (e.code, e.msg)) return br

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  • Generic unit test scheduling

    - by Raphink
    Hello, I'm (re)writing a program that does generic unit test scheduling. The current program is a mono-threaded Perl program, but I'm willing to modularize it and parallelize the tests. I'm also considering rewriting it in Python. Here is what I need to do: I have a list of tests, with the following attributes: uri: a URI to test (could be HTTP/HTTPS/SSH/local) ; depends: an associative array of tests/values that this test depends on ; join: a list of DB joints to be added when selecting items to process in this test ; depends_db: additional conditions to add to the DB request when selecting items to process in this test. The program builds a dependency tree, beginning with the tests that have no dependencies ; for each test: a list of items is selected from the database using the conditions (results of depending tests, joints and depends_db) ; the list of items is sent to the URI (using POST or stdin) ; the result is retrived as a YAML file listing the state and comments for the test for each tested item ; the results are stored in the DB ; the test returns, allowing depending tests to be performed. the program generates reports (CSV, DB, graphviz) of the performed tests. The primary use of this program currently is to test a fleet of machines against services such as backup, DNS, etc. The tests can then be: - backup: hosted on the backup machine(s), called through HTTP, checks if the machines' backup went well ; - DNS: hosted on the local machine, called via stdin, checks if the machines' fqdn have a valid DNS entry. Does such a tool/module already exist? What would be the best implementation to achieve this (using Perl or Python)?

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  • BeautifulSoup can't parse a webpage?

    - by JLTChiu
    I am using beautiful soup for parsing webpage now, I've heard it's very famous and good, but it doesn't seems works properly. Here's what I did import urllib2 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup page = urllib2.urlopen("http://www.cnn.com/2012/10/14/us/skydiver-record-attempt/index.html?hpt=hp_t1") soup = BeautifulSoup(page) print soup.prettify() I think this is kind of straightforward. I open the webpage and pass it to the beautifulsoup. But here's what I got: Warning (from warnings module): File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\bs4\builder\_htmlparser.py", line 149 "Python's built-in HTMLParser cannot parse the given document. This is not a bug in Beautiful Soup. The best solution is to install an external parser (lxml or html5lib), and use Beautiful Soup with that parser. See http://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/bs4/doc/#installing-a-parser for help.")) ... HTMLParseError: bad end tag: u'</"+"script>', at line 634, column 94 I thought CNN website should be well designed, so I am not very sure what's going on though. Does anyone has idea about this?

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  • Python template engine

    - by jturo
    Hello there, Could it be possible if somebody could help me get started in writing a python template engine? I'm new to python and as I learn the language I've managed to write a little MVC framework running in its own light-weight-WSGI-like server. I've managed to write a script that finds and replaces keys for values: (Obviously this is not how my script is structured or implemented. this is just an example) from string import Template html = '<html>\n' html += ' <head>\n' html += ' <title>This is so Cool : In Controller HTML</title>\n' html += ' </head>\n' html += ' <body>\n' html += ' Home | <a href="/hi">Hi ${name}</a>\n' html += ' </body>\n' html += '<html>' Template(html).safe_substitute(dict(name = 'Arturo')) My next goal is to implement custom statements, modifiers, functions, etc (like 'for' loop) but i don't really know if i should use another module that i don't know about. I thought of regular expressions but i kind feel like that wouldn't be an efficient way of doing it Any help is appreciated, and i'm sure this will be of use to other people too. Thank you

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  • python-iptables: Cryptic error when allowing incoming TCP traffic on port 1234

    - by Lucas Kauffman
    I wanted to write an iptables script in Python. Rather than calling iptables itself I wanted to use the python-iptables package. However I'm having a hard time getting some basic rules setup. I wanted to use the filter chain to accept incoming TCP traffic on port 1234. So I wrote this: import iptc chain = iptc.Chain(iptc.TABLE_FILTER,"INPUT") rule = iptc.Rule() target = iptc.Target(rule,"ACCEPT") match = iptc.Match(rule,'tcp') match.dport='1234' rule.add_match(match) rule.target = target chain.insert_rule(rule) However when I run this I get this thrown back at me: Traceback (most recent call last): File "testing.py", line 9, in <module> chain.insert_rule(rule) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/iptc/__init__.py", line 1133, in insert_rule self.table.insert_entry(self.name, rbuf, position) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/iptc/__init__.py", line 1166, in new obj.refresh() File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/iptc/__init__.py", line 1230, in refresh self._free() File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/iptc/__init__.py", line 1224, in _free self.commit() File "/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/iptc/__init__.py", line 1219, in commit raise IPTCError("can't commit: %s" % (self.strerror())) iptc.IPTCError: can't commit: Invalid argument Exception AttributeError: "'NoneType' object has no attribute 'get_errno'" in <bound method Table.__del__ of <iptc.Table object at 0x7fcad56cc550>> ignored Does anyone have experience with python-iptables that could enlighten on what I did wrong?

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  • notify listener inside or outside inner synchronization

    - by Jary Zeels
    Hello all, I am struggling with a decision. I am writing a thread-safe library/API. Listeners can be registered, so the client is notified when something interesting happens. Which of the two implementations is most common? class MyModule { protected Listener listener; protected void somethingHappens() { synchronized(this) { ... do useful stuff ... listener.notify(); } } } or class MyModule { protected Listener listener; protected void somethingHappens() { Listener l = null; synchronized(this) { ... do useful stuff ... l = listener; } l.notify(); } } In the first implementation, the listener is notified inside the synchronization. In the second implementation, this is done outside the synchronization. I feel that the second one is advised, as it makes less room for potential deadlocks. But I am having trouble to convince myself. A downside of the second imlementation is that the client might receive 'incorrect' notifications, which happens if it accessed the module prior to the l.notify() statement. thanks a lot

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  • UUIDs in Rails3

    - by Rob Wilkerson
    I'm trying to setup my first Rails3 project and, early on, I'm running into problems with either uuidtools, my UUIDHelper or perhaps callbacks. I'm obviously trying to use UUIDs and (I think) I've set things up as described in Ariejan de Vroom's article. I've tried using the UUID as a primary key and also as simply a supplemental field, but it seems like the UUIDHelper is never being called. I've read many mentions of callbacks and/or helpers changing in Rails3, but I can't find any specifics that would tell me how to adjust. Here's my setup as it stands at this moment (there have been a few iterations): # migration class CreateImages < ActiveRecord::Migration def self.up create_table :images do |t| t.string :uuid, :limit => 36 t.string :title t.text :description t.timestamps end end ... end # lib/uuid_helper.rb require 'rubygems' require 'uuidtools' module UUIDHelper def before_create() self.uuid = UUID.timestamp_create.to_s end end # models/image.rb class Image < ActiveRecord::Base include UUIDHelper ... end Any insight would be much appreciated. Thanks.

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  • Does HttpListener work well on Mono?

    - by billpg
    Hi everyone. I'm looking to write a small web service to run on a small Linux box. I prefer to code in C#, so I'm looking to use Mono. I don't want the overhead of running a full web server or Mono's version of ASP.NET. I'm thinking of having a single process with a thread dealing with each client connection. Shared memory between threads instead of a database. I've read a little on Microsoft's version of HttpListener and how it works with the Http.sys driver. Alas, Mono's documentation on this class is just the automated class interface with no discussion of how it works under the hood. (Linux doesn't have Http.sys, so I imagine it's implemented substantially differently.) Could anyone point me towards some resources discussing this module please? Many thanks, Bill, billpg.com (A little background to my question for the interested.) Some time ago, I asked this question, interested in keeping a long conversation open with lots of back-and-forth. I had settled on designing my own ad-hoc protocol, but people I spoke to really wanted a REST interface, even at the cost of the "Okay, send your command now" signal. So, I wondered about running ASP.NET on a Linux/Mono server, but stumbled upon HttpListener. This seemed ideal, as each "conversation" could run in a separate thread. The thread that calls HttpListener in a loop can look for which thread each incomming connection is for and pass the reference to that thread. The alternative for an ASP.NET driven service, would be to have the ASPX code pick up the state from a database, and write back the new state when it finishes. Yes, it would work, but that's a lot of overhead.

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  • Is it possible to have anonymous purchases with ubercart without the creation of a new user account?

    - by DKinzer
    I would like to be able to have anonymous users purchase a product but not have a new account created when they purchase it. Unfortunately the creation of a new user seems to be very tightly integrated into ubercart's ordering system. And, because the order module is part of the ubercart core, it's behavior cannot be overridden easily. One possibility for overriding is the creation of a new user account by supplying ubercart with an bogus anonymous account: hook into hook_form_alter at $form_id == 'uc_cart_checkout_review_form' because this is where ubercart first associates the $order to an uid. Add our submit function to the queue: //Find out if the user is anonymous: global $user; if ($user->uid == 0 ) { //Load a previously created anonymous user account $anonymous_user = mymodule_get_anonymous_user(); //create the order and assign our anonymous_user_id to it $order = uc_order_load($_SESSION['cart_order']); $order->uid = $anonymous_user->uid; uc_order_save($order); //Assign the global user our anonymous user uid $user->uid = $anonymous_user->uid; } But what I really need is to be able to have an anonymous purchase without being forced to create a new account, this solution does not work for me. Apart from which, using this technique will automatically login the anonymous_user into our bogus_anonymous_user account. Which is definitely something I don't want. Is there a better non-duct-tape way around the creation of a new user account for anonymous purchases in ubercart?. AND FYI - at this point I'm kind of stuck with ubercart so I cannot use something else. Thanks! D

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  • Unexpected performance curve from CPython merge sort

    - by vkazanov
    I have implemented a naive merge sorting algorithm in Python. Algorithm and test code is below: import time import random import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import math from collections import deque def sort(unsorted): if len(unsorted) <= 1: return unsorted to_merge = deque(deque([elem]) for elem in unsorted) while len(to_merge) > 1: left = to_merge.popleft() right = to_merge.popleft() to_merge.append(merge(left, right)) return to_merge.pop() def merge(left, right): result = deque() while left or right: if left and right: elem = left.popleft() if left[0] > right[0] else right.popleft() elif not left and right: elem = right.popleft() elif not right and left: elem = left.popleft() result.append(elem) return result LOOP_COUNT = 100 START_N = 1 END_N = 1000 def test(fun, test_data): start = time.clock() for _ in xrange(LOOP_COUNT): fun(test_data) return time.clock() - start def run_test(): timings, elem_nums = [], [] test_data = random.sample(xrange(100000), END_N) for i in xrange(START_N, END_N): loop_test_data = test_data[:i] elapsed = test(sort, loop_test_data) timings.append(elapsed) elem_nums.append(len(loop_test_data)) print "%f s --- %d elems" % (elapsed, len(loop_test_data)) plt.plot(elem_nums, timings) plt.show() run_test() As much as I can see everything is OK and I should get a nice N*logN curve as a result. But the picture differs a bit: Things I've tried to investigate the issue: PyPy. The curve is ok. Disabled the GC using the gc module. Wrong guess. Debug output showed that it doesn't even run until the end of the test. Memory profiling using meliae - nothing special or suspicious. ` I had another implementation (a recursive one using the same merge function), it acts the similar way. The more full test cycles I create - the more "jumps" there are in the curve. So how can this behaviour be explained and - hopefully - fixed? UPD: changed lists to collections.deque UPD2: added the full test code UPD3: I use Python 2.7.1 on a Ubuntu 11.04 OS, using a quad-core 2Hz notebook. I tried to turn of most of all other processes: the number of spikes went down but at least one of them was still there.

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  • Http Digest Authentication, Handle different browser char-sets...

    - by user160561
    Hi all, I tried to use the Http Authentication Digest Scheme with my php (apache module) based website. In general it works fine, but when it comes to verification of the username / hash against my user database i run into a problem. Of course i do not want to store the user´s password in my database, so i tend to store the A1 hashvalue (which is md5($username . ':' . $realm . ':' . $password)) in my db. This is just how the browser does it too to create the hashes to send back. The Problem: I am not able to detect if the browser does this in ISO-8859-1 fallback (like firefox, IE) or UTF-8 (Opera) or whatever. I have chosen to do the calculation in UTF-8 and store this md5 hash. Which leads to non-authentication in Firefox and IE browsers. How do you solve this problem? Just do not use this auth-scheme? Or Store a md5 Hash for each charset? Force users to Opera? (Terms of A1 refer to the http://php.net/manual/en/features.http-auth.php example.) (for digest access authentication read the according wikipedia entry)

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  • Python halts while iteratively processing my 1GB csv file

    - by Dan
    I have two files: metadata.csv: contains an ID, followed by vendor name, a filename, etc hashes.csv: contains an ID, followed by a hash The ID is essentially a foreign key of sorts, relating file metadata to its hash. I wrote this script to quickly extract out all hashes associated with a particular vendor. It craps out before it finishes processing hashes.csv stored_ids = [] # this file is about 1 MB entries = csv.reader(open(options.entries, "rb")) for row in entries: # row[2] is the vendor if row[2] == options.vendor: # row[0] is the ID stored_ids.append(row[0]) # this file is 1 GB hashes = open(options.hashes, "rb") # I iteratively read the file here, # just in case the csv module doesn't do this. for line in hashes: # not sure if stored_ids contains strings or ints here... # this probably isn't the problem though if line.split(",")[0] in stored_ids: # if its one of the IDs we're looking for, print the file and hash to STDOUT print "%s,%s" % (line.split(",")[2], line.split(",")[4]) hashes.close() This script gets about 2000 entries through hashes.csv before it halts. What am I doing wrong? I thought I was processing it line by line. ps. the csv files are the popular HashKeeper format and the files I am parsing are the NSRL hash sets. http://www.nsrl.nist.gov/Downloads.htm#converter UPDATE: working solution below. Thanks everyone who commented! entries = csv.reader(open(options.entries, "rb")) stored_ids = dict((row[0],1) for row in entries if row[2] == options.vendor) hashes = csv.reader(open(options.hashes, "rb")) matches = dict((row[2], row[4]) for row in hashes if row[0] in stored_ids) for k, v in matches.iteritems(): print "%s,%s" % (k, v)

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  • Need Help with wxPython & pyGame

    - by Xavier
    Hi Guys, I'm actually in need of your help and advice here on my assignment that I am working on. First of all, I was task to do a program that runs langton's ant simulation. For that, I've managed to get the source code (from snippets.dzone.com/posts/show/5143) and edited it accordingly to my requirements. This was done and ran in pygame module extension. In addition, my task requires a GUI to interface for users to run and navigate through the screens effectively with the langton's ant program running. I used wxPython with the help of an IDE called BOA constructor to create the frames, buttons, textboxes, etc. Basically, all the stuff needed in the interfaces. However, I've ran into some problems listed below: Found problem integrating pyGame with wxPython. On this note, I've research the internet for answers and tutorials where I found out from website: wiki.wxpython.org/IntegratingPyGame & aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Mail/Message/wxpython-users/3178042. I understand from the sites that integrating pyGame with wxPython will be a difficult task where it has caused common problems like the inability to placing other controls into the frames as the pyGame application will cover the entire panel. I really hope that you can clarify my doubts on this and advise me on the path that I should take from here. Therefore, I ask the following questions: Is it feasible to integrate pyGame with wxPython? If it is not feasible to integrate pyGame with wxPython, what other alternatives do I have to create a GUI interface integrating pyGame into it. If so how do I go about? If it is possible to go about integrating pyGame with wxPython, how do I go about doing so? Really need you guys opinion on this.

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  • F# and statically checked union cases

    - by Johan Jonasson
    Soon me and my brother-in-arms Joel will release version 0.9 of Wing Beats. It's an internal DSL written in F#. With it you can generate XHTML. One of the sources of inspiration have been the XHTML.M module of the Ocsigen framework. I'm not used to the OCaml syntax, but I do understand XHTML.M somehow statically check if attributes and children of an element are of valid types. We have not been able to statically check the same thing in F#, and now I wonder if someone have any idea of how to do it? My first naive approach was to represent each element type in XHTML as a union case. But unfortunately you cannot statically restrict which cases are valid as parameter values, as in XHTML.M. Then I tried to use interfaces (each element type implements an interface for each valid parent) and type constraints, but I didn't manage to make it work without the use of explicit casting in a way that made the solution cumbersome to use. And it didn't feel like an elegant solution anyway. Today I've been looking at Code Contracts, but it seems to be incompatible with F# Interactive. When I hit alt + enter it freezes. Just to make my question clearer. Here is a super simple artificial example of the same problem: type Letter = | Vowel of string | Consonant of string let writeVowel = function | Vowel str -> sprintf "%s is a vowel" str I want writeVowel to only accept Vowels statically, and not as above, check it at runtime. How can we accomplish this? Does anyone have any idea? There must be a clever way of doing it. If not with union cases, maybe with interfaces? I've struggled with this, but am trapped in the box and can't think outside of it.

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